Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

Int J Surg Case Rep 2021 Jun 9;84:106084. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Department of GI and General Surgery, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal. Electronic address:

Introduction And Importance: Edward's syndrome (ES) occurs as a result of trisomy of chromosome 18 and is associated with multisystem congenital anomalies. The association of ES with various gastrointestinal malformations but Hirschsprung disease (HD) is well documented.

Case Presentation: A female infant on her 5th day of life presented with episodes of bilious vomiting along with abdominal distension and no passage of stool. Read More

Afr J Reprod Health 2020 Jun;24(2):129-140

Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16th Street, San Francisco, USA.

Many obstetric fistula patients remain untreated or present late to treatment despite increasing surgical availability in Uga nda. We explored women's perceptions of the cause of their obstetric fistula and their treatment seeking behaviours, including barriers and facilitators to timely care access. In-depth interviews and focus group discussions were conducted from June-August 2014 among 33 women treated for obstetric fistula at Mulago Hospital, Kampala. Read More

J Transl Med 2021 May 31;19(1):230. Epub 2021 May 31.

iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark.

Background: Infections are a major disease burden worldwide. While they are caused by external pathogens, host genetics also plays a part in susceptibility to infections. Past studies have reported diverse associations between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles and infections, but many were limited by small sample sizes and/or focused on only one infection. Read More

Front Immunol 2021 13;12:683022. Epub 2021 May 13.

Universitätsklinik für Viszerale Chirurgie und Medizin, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

The innate immune system is the oldest protection strategy that is conserved across all organisms. Although having an unspecific action, it is the first and fastest defense mechanism against pathogens. Development of predominantly the adaptive immune system takes place after birth. Read More

BMC Womens Health 2021 05 28;21(1):224. Epub 2021 May 28.

Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.

Background: The association between oral contraceptives (OCP) and hypertension has been reported in the literature with controversial results. According to the growing use of OCPs among women in Iran, this study aims to investigate the association between the duration of the OCP consumption and risk of hypertension among Iranian women.

Methods: In the current study, the data collected during the enrolment phase of the Tabari cohort were analyzed. Read More

Drug Alcohol Depend 2021 May 21;225:108757. Epub 2021 May 21.

Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States.

Background: Cannabis use and cannabis use disorders are increasing in prevalence, including among pregnant women. The objective was to evaluate the association of a cannabis-related diagnosis (CRD) in pregnancy and adverse maternal and infant outcomes.

Methods: We queried an administrative birth cohort of singleton deliveries in California between 2011-2017 linked to maternal and infant hospital discharge records. Read More

World J Gastrointest Endosc 2021 May;13(5):155-160

Center for Molecular Medicine, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Saint Petersburg 197022, Russia.

Background: Achalasia is a primary esophageal motility disease characterized by impairment of normal esophageal peristalsis and absence of relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter. Sometimes is can be a part of some genetic disorders. One of the causes of gastrointestinal motility disorders, including achalasia, is mitochondrial defects. Read More

CMAJ 2021 05;193(21):E753-E760

Division of General Surgery (Gomez, Nantais), St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto; ICES Central (Gomez, Simpson, de Mestral, Wilton, Urbach, Austin, Baxter); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Simpson), St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto; Department of Surgery (Sue-Chue-Lam, de Mestral, Dossa, Urbach), Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Melbourne School of Population and Global Health (Baxter), University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.

Background: Reduced use of the emergency department during the COVID-19 pandemic may result in increased disease acuity when patients do seek health care services. We sought to evaluate emergency department visits for common abdominal and gynecologic conditions before and at the beginning of the pandemic to determine whether changes in emergency department attendance had serious consequences for patients.

Methods: We conducted a population-based analysis using administrative data to evaluate the weekly rate of emergency department visits pre-COVID-19 (Jan. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2021 May 24;15(1):290. Epub 2021 May 24.

Panzi General Referral Hospital, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of Congo.

Background: Retroperitoneal hematoma after vaginal delivery is rare but can lead to maternal morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis of this condition is challenging due to its complexity and its nonspecific signs and symptoms. To date, studies and case reports regarding retroperitoneal hematoma are few, particularly in low-income countries where risk factors for this condition may be more prevalent and the prognosis poorer. Read More

Ceska Gynekol 2021 ;86(2):118-122

Objective: The aim of our study is to clarify the problems of OASI (obstetric anal sphincter injuries) and anal incontinence and prevention of this injury.

Methods: Review of articles in peer reviewed journals with the usage of Google Scholar function and PubMed.

Conclusion: OASI is a severe injury which is more commonly associated with assisted vaginal delivery. Read More

Reprod Toxicol 2021 May 17;103:133-138. Epub 2021 May 17.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Centre, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.

Tobacco consumption in the form of cigarette smoking is one of the most prevalent controllable risk factors for adverse health outcomes and is a known reproductive toxin. We aimed to study the effect of maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy on the risk of long-term gastrointestinal (GI) morbidity of their offspring. A population-based cohort analysis was performed comparing long-term GI-related hospitalizations among offspring of smoking mothers compared with offspring of non-smoking mothers up to the age of 18. Read More

PLoS One 2021 20;16(5):e0251782. Epub 2021 May 20.

Department of Anthropology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America.

Background: Early life exposure to adverse environments, and maternal stress in particular, has been shown to increase risk for metabolic diseases and neurobehavioral disorders. While many studies have examined the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA axis) as the primary mechanism behind these relationships, emerging research on the brain-gut axis suggests that the microbiome may play a role. In this study, we tested the relationships among maternal precarity and HPA axis dysregulation during the peripartum period, infant gut microbiome composition, and infant HPA axis functioning. Read More

Obstet Gynecol 2021 Jun;137(6):1152

Abstract: This monograph provides an overview of pathophysiology and screening, followed by sections on diagnosis and management of upper gastrointestinal, biliary, and pancreatic disorders. The most common upper gastrointestinal disorder is GERD, which affects women of all ages and creates a treatment challenge in pregnant women. Gallstone disease is the most common biliary disorder. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 May 19;14(5). Epub 2021 May 19.

Pediatrics, Monmouth Medical Center, Long Branch, New Jersey, USA.

This case report describes a premature male infant born after a pregnancy complicated by oligohydramnios of unknown aetiology but otherwise unremarkable prenatal scans. He had sudden onset of projectile emesis and severe hypertension in the third week of life, and further investigations revealed both pyloric stenosis and polycystic kidneys, at just 36 weeks' postmenstrual age (PMA). His course thereafter was complicated by severe refractory hypertension requiring multiple antihypertensive agents in order to gain control, although his renal function remained normal. Read More

Gynakologe 2021 May 7:1-11. Epub 2021 May 7.

Klinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Klinikum Kempten und Immenstadt, Klinikverbund Allgäu, Robert-Weixler-Str. 50, 87439 Kempten, Deutschland.

Background: The prevention of infections in the obstetric care of pregnant women is paramount, on the one hand with regard to pathogens of congenital infections and on the other hand due to the association of maternal infections with premature delivery.

Objectives: Which measures are recommended for effective prevention of bacterial and viral diseases relevant to obstetrics?

Materials And Methods: Literature search on hygiene measures in terms of preventing transmission of infection.

Results: The physiological vaginal flora of the pregnant woman is a fundamental factor in natural defence against infection. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 May 11;14(5). Epub 2021 May 11.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul Medical Center, Jungnang-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Acute appendicitis is the most common nonobstetric condition requiring surgery in pregnancy. However, the diagnosis of acute appendicitis during pregnancy is challenging because of obscure clinical manifestations and laboratory findings. Intravenous antibiotic treatment is not preferred over operation because of the poor outcome. Read More

Eur J Pediatr 2021 May 10. Epub 2021 May 10.

Pediatric Endocrine Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Patras, Rion, Patras, Greece.

Zonulin so far is the only known endogenous modulator of intercellular tight junctions which regulate the intestinal permeability. Breastfeeding is considered to enhance the integrity of the gastrointestinal tract; however, limited data are available about the effect of feeding patterns on intestinal permeability. We aimed to investigate the potential association between the mode of feeding (breast versus formula milk) and the serum zonulin levels as a marker of intestinal permeability. Read More

Orv Hetil 2021 05 9;162(19):731-740. Epub 2021 May 9.

3 Semmelweis Egyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar, I. Gyermekgyógyászati Klinika, Budapest.

Összefoglaló. A humán mikrobiom az emberi szervezetben és az emberi testfelszínen élő mikrobaközösségek összessége, amelyek többsége a gyomor-bél rendszerben él. Ezek a mikrobaközösségek számos és sokféle baktériumot tartalmaznak, gombákat, vírusokat, archeákat és protozoonokat. Read More

Gut Microbes 2021 Jan-Dec;13(1):1-7

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.

Mortality and morbidity from SARS-CoV2 (COVID-19) infections in children remains low, including an exceedingly low rate of horizontal and vertical transmission. However, unforeseen complications to childhood health have emerged secondary to the pandemic. Few studies to date have examined unintended complications of the pandemic in newborns and infants. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 May 4;14(5). Epub 2021 May 4.

Department of Gastroenterology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan.

A 21-year-old woman visited out hospital for lower abdominal pain and bloody diarrhoea at 19 weeks of pregnancy. Endoscopic findings revealed longitudinal ulcerations with hyperaemia and oedema in the sigmoid colon. These findings and clinical presentation confirmed the diagnosis of ischaemic colitis. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2021 May 4;15(1):239. Epub 2021 May 4.

Department of Pediatric, Şanlıurfa Mehmet Akif İnan Training and Research Hospital, Şanlıurfa, Turkey.

Background: Intrauterine midgut volvulus is a very rare, life-threatening condition, and prenatal diagnosis is difficult. In this article, we present a case of midgut volvulus followed by a pre-diagnosis of antenatal jejunal atresia.

Case Presentation: A 1-day-old Turkish male baby, who was followed with a diagnosis of antenatal jejunal atresia, with a birth weight of 3600 g, delivered by cesarean section at 38 weeks of gestation from a 19-year-old mother in her fourth pregnancy, was taken to the newborn intensive care unit. Read More

Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2021 May;103(5):e151-e155

Musgrove Park Hospital, Taunton, UK.

The diagnosis of visceral perforation during pregnancy is often delayed and the management complex. A 32-year-old primigravid woman in her second trimester presented with abdominal pain and a pre-existing ileoanal pouch. Initial imaging was negative but later imaging was suggestive of serious pathology. Read More

Sci Rep 2021 Apr 29;11(1):9240. Epub 2021 Apr 29.

Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.

We systematically assessed the impact of metformin treatment on maternal pregnancy outcomes. PubMed, Ovid Embase, Medline, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov and Cochrane databases were systematically searched (inception-1st February 2021). Read More

Medicina (Kaunas) 2021 Apr 16;57(4). Epub 2021 Apr 16.

Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Vilnius University, LT-01513 Vilnius, Lithuania.

Every woman needs to know about the importance of the function of pelvic-floor muscles and pelvic organ prolapse prevention, especially pregnant women because parity and labor are the factors which have the biggest influence on having pelvic organ prolapse in the future. In this article, we searched for methods of training and rehabilitation in prepartum and postpartum periods and their effectiveness. The search for publications in English was made in two databases during the period from August 2020 to October 2020 in Cochrane Library and PubMed. Read More

Molecules 2021 Apr 16;26(8). Epub 2021 Apr 16.

Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, 175 Nelson Mandela Drive, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.

Species within the genus (Vitaceae) are commonly used in South African traditional medicine. The current review discusses the occurrence, distribution, traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological properties of species covering the period 1981-2020. The data reported were systematically collected, read, and analysed from scientific electronic databases including Scopus, Scifinder, Pubmed, and Google Scholar. Read More

Nutrients 2021 Apr 19;13(4). Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Research Unit for Dietary Studies at The Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Part of the Copenhagen University Hospital, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark.

This register-based national cohort study of 206,900 individuals investigated whether prenatal exposure to small extra doses of vitamin D from fortified margarine prevented inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) later in life; whether the risk of IBD varied according to month or season of birth; and finally, whether there was an interaction between exposure to extra D vitamin and month or season of birth. Fortification of margarine with vitamin D was mandatory in Denmark from the mid-1930s until 1st June 1985, when it was abolished. Two entire birth cohorts, each including two years, were defined: one exposed and one unexposed to the fortification policy for the entire gestation. Read More

Nutrients 2021 Apr 9;13(4). Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Siedlecka 2, 72-010 Police, Poland.

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), as products of intestinal bacterial metabolism, are particularly relevant in the diagnosis of intestinal dysbiosis. The most common studies of microbiome metabolites include butyric acid, propionic acid and acetic acid, which occur in varying proportions depending on diet, age, coexisting disease and other factors. During pregnancy, metabolic changes related to the protection of energy homeostasis are of fundamental importance for the developing fetus, its future metabolic fate and the mother's health. Read More