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Environ Int 2018 Dec 12;123:282-291. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.

Noroviruses are a leading cause of epidemic and pandemic acute gastroenteritis (AGE) worldwide, and contaminated food and water are important routes for its transmission. Raw sewage has been used for viral surveillance to monitor the emergence of new norovirus strains with the potential to cause epidemics. In this study, we investigated norovirus occurrence and norovirus RNA levels in 156 samples collected from May 2013 to May 2014, across three different stages (52 samples each) of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Read More

Clin Microbiol Infect 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands; Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.

Objectives: This study aimed to (i) determine risk factors for enteropathogen co-infections, (ii) determine whether enteropathogen co-infections influence gastroenteritis risk, and (iii) determine whether enteropathogen co-infection occurred randomly in preschool children.

Methods: A monthly-repeated cross-sectional survey in Dutch children aged 0-48 months was conducted during October 2012-October 2014. 981 stool samples were collected along with questionnaires collecting data on gastrointestinal symptoms and potential risk factors. Read More

Trop Anim Health Prod 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

School of Management, University of the Philippines Mindanao, Mintal, 8022, Davao City, Philippines.

Rotavirus A is one of the leading etiological agents of porcine gastroenteritis, a condition which results to stunted growth among piglets. Moreover, there is increasing evidence for zoonosis of rotavirus A (RVA), which is also the principal cause of diarrhea in children. In the absence of rigorous animal health monitoring in Philippine backyard farms, there is therefore a strong need for RVA surveillance. Read More

PLoS One 2018 14;13(12):e0208184. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Oncologia Umana, Università Aldo Moro di Bari, Bari, Italy.

Noroviruses are one of the leading causes of gastro-enteric diseases worldwide in all age groups. Novel epidemic noroviruses with GII.P16 polymerase and GII. Read More

Acta Paediatr 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.

Rotavirus is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality for neonates and children. Worldwide, over 200,000 children die from rotavirus gastroenteritis each year and more than 90 million infants still lack access to a rotavirus vaccine. Traditional vaccine schedules administer doses at 8 weeks, 14 weeks and 18 weeks of age. Read More

Acta Paediatr 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Vaccine Research Center, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.

Aim: This study examined the prevalence and clinical significance of the sapovirus infection in children with acute gastroenteritis before and after the introduction of the rotavirus vaccination in Finland in 2009.

Methods: We collected 1,437 stool samples from children under 16 years during three prospective hospital-based surveillance studies of acute gastroenteritis at Tampere University Hospital, Finland. The children were seen in the emergency department (47%) or admitted to the ward (53%). Read More

Pediatrics 2018 Dec 13. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; and

A healthy 17-year-old boy with a high-functioning pervasive developmental disorder presented to the emergency department after having a 4-minute episode of seizure-like activity in the setting of presumed viral gastroenteritis. Within an hour of emergency department arrival, he developed a forehead-sparing facial droop, right-sided ptosis, and expressive aphasia, prompting stroke team assessment and urgent neuroimaging. Laboratory results later revealed a serum sodium of 119 mmol/L. Read More

JMIR Public Health Surveill 2018 Dec 13;4(4):e69. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Equipe de recherche (HANDIReSP), UFR des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines et Université Paris-Saclay, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France.

Background: New nursing homes (NH) data warehouses fed from residents' medical records allow monitoring the health of elderly population on a daily basis. Elsewhere, syndromic surveillance has already shown that professional data can be used for public health (PH) surveillance but not during a long-term follow-up of the same cohort.

Objective: This study aimed to build and assess a national ecological NH PH surveillance system (SS). Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018 12 11;15(12). Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, No. 8, Changjiang 2nd Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400042, China.

In April 2017, several travelers with acute gastroenteritis on a cruise ship were reported. We conducted an investigation to identify the pathogen, mode of transmission, and risk factors. We searched and classified case-patient according to structured case definition, and collect date of the onset, clinical manifestations, and demographic information of cases. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Dec;97(49):e13460

Federal University of Rio de Janeiro.

Rationale: Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an uncommon autoimmune disease mediated by antibodies that attack the postsynaptic acetylcholine receptors (AchRs) at the neuromuscular junction, causing fluctuating muscle weakness, aggravated with use, and relieved with rest.

Patient Concerns: A 32-year-old woman with a diagnosis of MG based on clinical findings, eletroneuromyography, and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was admitted to our hospital with dysphagia, dysphonia, diplopia, and intense weakness, associated with a 2-day viral gastroenteritis.

Diagnoses: Physical examination revealed globally reduced deep tendon reflexes, and tetraparesis, with muscle strength grade 4 in the left limbs and grade 2 in the right limbs. Read More

Front Immunol 2018 27;9:2782. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Vaccine Research Center, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.

Norovirus (NoV) causes a substantial global burden of acute gastroenteritis in all age groups and the development of NoV vaccine is a high priority. There are still gaps in understanding of protective NoV-specific immunity. Antibody mediated immune responses have been widely studied, but in contrast, the research on NoV-specific human T cell-mediated immunity is very limited. Read More

Front Microbiol 2018 27;9:2826. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, University Children's Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.

Noroviruses are the major cause of foodborne outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis, which are often linked to raw oyster consumption. Previous studies have suggested histo-blood group antigens (HBGA)-like structures in the oyster tissues as ligands for norovirus binding and persistence. To better understand how oysters function as vectors for the most common human noroviruses, we first tested the ability of the norovirus strains GI. Read More

J Virol 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France

XBP1 is a stress-regulated transcription factor also involved in mammalian host defenses and innate immune response. Our investigation of XBP1 RNA splicing during rotavirus infection revealed that an additional RNA () that corresponded to exon-skipping in the pre RNA was induced depending on the rotavirus strain used. We showed that the translation product of (XBP1es) has trans-activation properties similar to those of XBP1 on ER stress response element (ERSE) containing promoters. Read More

Rev Gastroenterol Peru 2018 Jul-Sep;38(3):301-305

Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Tropicales, Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo. Lima, Perú; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Lima, Perú.

Non-O1, non-O139 Vibrio cholerae (NOVC) strains are an uncommon cause of gastroenteritis. However, they have been recently associated with severe extraintestinal infections in immunocompromised hosts. Among them, bacteremia in cirrhotic patients is noteworthy. Read More

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Clinical Pharmacology & Digestive Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.

Vomiting is not only unpleasant for both children and families, but can lead to frequent hospital admission. The persistent vomiting hampers oral intake and increases the risk of dehydration so the proper use of antiemetic drugs can be useful. The pharmacological treatment of vomiting in children remains a challenge for the pediatrician because several antiemetics are prescribed as "off-label", outside their authorized drug label. Read More

J Water Health 2018 Dec;16(6):1018-1028

Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30029, USA E-mail:

The Navajo Nation includes approximately 250,000 American Indians living in a remote high desert environment with limited access to public water systems. We conducted a pilot case-control study to assess associations between acute gastroenteritis (AGE) and water availability, use patterns, and quality. Case patients with AGE and non-AGE controls who presented for care to two Indian Health Service hospitals were recruited. Read More

J Water Health 2018 Dec;16(6):970-979

Instituto Evandro Chagas, IEC, BR-316 km 7, Ananindeua, Para, Brazil E-mail:

The contamination of mussels and oysters by viruses and bacteria is often associated with water contamination and gastroenteritis in humans. The present study evaluated viral and bacterial contamination in 380 samples, from nine mollusk-producing regions in coastal water north of the Brazilian Amazon. Rotavirus contamination was studied for groups A to H, using a two-step SYBR Green RT-qPCR (quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction), and bacterial families Enterobacteriaceae, Vibrionaceae, and Aeromonadaceae by classical and molecular methods. Read More

J Med Microbiol 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

3​Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, USA.

Purpose: This study was aimed at investigating the occurrence and genetic mechanisms of resistance to ciprofloxacin, tetracycline and erythromycin in clinical isolates of Campylobacter jejuni recovered from human cases of acute gastroenteritis in Turkey.

Methodology: MIC values of each antibiotic were determined with the epsilometer test (E-test). Resistance genes/mutations were first screened by PCR and analysed by subsequent DNA sequencing. Read More

Arq Gastroenterol 2018 Jul-Sep;55(3):264-266

Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Virologia, Salvador, BA, Brasil.

Background: Norovirus (NoV) is an important etiologic agent of acute gastroenteritis and infects individuals of all ages, especially children in Brazil and worldwide. NoV GII.4 was the most prevalent genotype worldwide because of your extensive genetic diversity. Read More

Open Forum Infect Dis 2018 Nov 12;5(11):ofy292. Epub 2018 Nov 12.

GSK, Wavre, Belgium.

Background: Gastroenteritis caused by rotavirus accounts for considerable morbidity in young children. We aimed to assess the vaccine effectiveness (VE) of the oral rotavirus vaccine , as measured by laboratory-confirmed rotavirus infection after referral to hospital and/or emergency departments in children aged <5 years with gastroenteritis.

Methods: We performed a systematic search for peer-reviewed studies conducted in real-life settings published between 2006 and 2016 and a meta-analysis to calculate the overall VE, which was further discriminated through stratified analyses. Read More

BMC Public Health 2018 Dec 11;18(1):1363. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Jalan Bangsar, 50590, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Background: Globally, diarrhoea is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality among children under than 5 years of age. There is a scarcity of published data on acute gastroenteritis (AGE) prevalence in Malaysia among children. This study aims to determine factors associated with diarrhoea in children aged less than 5 years in Malaysia. Read More

Can Vet J 2018 Dec;59(12):1325-1328

Animal Health Laboratory (Hazlett, Cai, You), University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1; Toronto Animal Services (Sparling), 1300 Sheppard Avenue West, Toronto, Ontario M3K 2A6.

A 14-week-old female Boston terrier-cross dog with intermittent gastroenteritis and an eosinophilia developed progressive neurologic disease with ataxia progressing to uncontrolled paddling. Autopsy revealed larvae in 4 of 7 brain sections, with severe eosinophilic meningoencephalitis. Diagnosis was confirmed with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing tests of fresh and paraffin-embedded brain in conjunction with the compatible histologic appearance. Read More

Infect Genet Evol 2018 Dec 5;68:47-53. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Laboratory of Virology and Cell Culture, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil. Electronic address:

Noroviruses are an important cause of acute gastroenteritis. The high incidence of norovirus is a reflection of its great genomic and antigenic variability resultant of evolutionary mechanisms, such as recombination. Herein, the main objective of this study was to characterize partially two regions of norovirus genome (RdRp and VP1) from fecal samples, collected in two different time periods (2009-2011 and 2014-2015) in the Mid-West region of Brazil. Read More

Infect Genet Evol 2018 Dec 4;68:43-46. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Laboratory MIVEGEC, IRD, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF), BP 769 Franceville, Gabon. Electronic address:

Astroviruses (AstVs) are mostly responsible for mild to severe gastroenteritis infections in humans and animals. AstVs infect a wide range of host species, have a large genetic diversity with different circulating variants and are thus a high zoonotic risk for human populations. Among these host species, rodents are known to harbor several AstVs variants. Read More

Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36, Sanhao Street, Heping district, Shenyang 110004, PR China. Electronic address:

Background: Abdominal ascites is a common problem in general surgery. The causes include parasitic diseases, tuberculosis, malignancies, hypoalbuminemia, abdominal inflammatory diseases, and peritonitis. Eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EG) has also been reported to be an infrequent cause. Read More

Ir Med J 2018 06 7;111(6):775. Epub 2018 Jun 7.

Academic Department of Paediatrics, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland

Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) remains the ideal first line therapy for acute gastroenteritis (AGE). Our aim was to assess the impact of introducing an Oral Fluid Challenge (OFC) protocol on outcomes such as intravenous fluid use and documentation in our institution. A single centre study with data collected retrospectively pre-implementation (April 2015) of the OFC protocol and post implementation (April 2016). Read More

Patholog Res Int 2018 4;2018:2638258. Epub 2018 Nov 4.

Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Brandenburg, Brandenburg, Germany.

Primary eosinophilic gastroenteritis and colitis (EGE) is a rare entity with unspecific clinical and endoscopic findings. Validated histopathologic criteria for confirming the diagnosis are lacking, because numeric values for normal or elevated concentrations of eosinophils in mucosal biopsies are varying between observers. To quantify this interobserver variance, we had the same set of 30 slides of eosinophilic-rich mucosal biopsies from the ileum and colon systematically reviewed by a panel of six independent pathologists, each with more than a ten-year experience in the field. Read More

Environ Int 2018 Nov 30;123:114-123. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

INRA, UMR 1114 EMMAH, 228 route de l'Aérodrome, CS 40 509, 84914 Avignon Cedex 9, France. Electronic address:

Contamination of fresh water bodies by human enteric viruses from wastewater discharge is a well-established phenomenon. Here we propose a model of viral contamination of rivers based on acute gastroenteritis epidemiology and assess how well it can simulate in situ experimental monitoring. Noroviruses, rotaviruses, enteroviruses, adenoviruses and hepatitis A viruses were quantified by molecular methods after water concentration. Read More

Acta Paediatr 2018 Dec 2. Epub 2018 Dec 2.

Department of Paediatrics, Jönköping, Region Jönköping County, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.

Aim: This study evaluated the introduction of rotavirus vaccination in Jönköping County, Sweden, starting in 2014. This project explored the parental factors that influenced the decision to vaccinate and studied the obtained vaccination coverage and its potential influence on hospital admissions due to acute gastroenteritis.

Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study based on a study specific questionnaire (n=356) and regional statistical data on vaccination coverage and hospital admissions in Jönköping County, Sweden. Read More

Vet Parasitol 2018 Dec 8;264:52-57. Epub 2018 Nov 8.

UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Biociências, Botucatu, SP, CEP 18.618-689, Brazil.

Haemonchus contortus is an economic problem in sheep farms worldwide, mainly in the tropics and subtropics. A vaccine against haemonchosis, called Barbervax, was evaluated in ewes under two nutritional status, naturally infected with gastrointestinal nematodes. Ewes were divided into four groups: Supplemented Diet - Vaccine; Supplemented Diet - No vaccine; Basal Diet - Vaccine and Basal Diet - No vaccine. Read More

Travel Med Infect Dis 2018 Nov 28. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Department of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Department of Dental Preservation, Parodontology& Preventive Dentistry, RWTH Aachen Technical University, Aachen, Germany. Electronic address:

Background: The study investigates the diagnoses of inpatients (tourists and Nepali workers) of Kunde Hospital (Mt.Everest region) over 15 years.

Methods: Records from January 1996 to September 2011 were analyzed concerning date, gender, age group, nationality, purpose of visit, diagnosis, length of treatment, and condition at discharge. Read More

J Infect Dis 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Departments of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore.

Background: Norovirus is a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide. Routine norovirus diagnosis requires stool collection. The goal of this study was to develop and validate a noninvasive method to diagnose norovirus to complement stool diagnostics and to facilitate studies on transmission. Read More

Clin Infect Dis 2018 Dec 4. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Sections of Pediatric Emergency Medicine and Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Background: The ability to identify bacterial pathogens that necessitate specific clinical management or public health action in children with acute gastroenteritis is crucial to patient care and public health. However, existing stool testing guidelines offer inconsistent recommendations, and their performance characteristics are unknown. We evaluated six leading gastroenteritis guidelines (e. Read More

PLoS One 2018 5;13(12):e0207701. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence & Impact; McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.

Background: Many interventions have shown effectiveness in reducing the duration of acute diarrhea and gastroenteritis (ADG) in children. Yet, there is lack of comparative efficacy of interventions that seem to be better than placebo among which, the clinicians must choose. Our aim was to determine the comparative effectiveness and safety of the pharmacological and nutritional interventions for reducing the duration of ADG in children. Read More

Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol 2018 24;2018:8387218. Epub 2018 Oct 24.

Bacteriology and Virology Department, Hygiene Institute, Medicine Faculty, Universidad de la República, Uruguay.

Introduction: Acute diarrheal disease still deserves worldwide attention due to its high morbidity and mortality, especially in developing countries. While etiologic determination is not mandatory for management of all individual cases, it is needed for generating useful epidemiologic knowledge. Diarrheagenic (DEC) are relevant enteropathogens, and their investigation requires specific procedures to which resources and training should be dedicated in reference laboratories. Read More

Foodborne Pathog Dis 2018 Dec 4. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

1 Public Health Ontario , Toronto, Canada .

Public Health Ontario is working to estimate the burden of disease from environmental hazards in Ontario, Canada. As part of this effort, we estimated deaths and health care utilization resulting from exposure to pathogens and toxic substances in food. We applied fractions for the proportion of illness attributable to foodborne transmission to the annual (2008-2012) counts of deaths, hospitalizations, emergency department (ED) visits, and physician office visits for 15 diseases (13 pathogen-specific diseases and 2 nonspecific syndromes) captured by administrative health data. Read More

Rev Med Virol 2018 Dec 4:e2020. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Department of Public Health, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.

We aimed to describe rotavirus epidemiology and clinical findings including extraintestinal manifestations in a setting that has yet to introduce rotavirus vaccines in the national immunization program. A literature search was performed by using the key words "Turkey" and "rotavirus." Ninety-eight studies published between 1987 and 2016 including epidemiological, clinical, and genotypical data at least 1 year duration were included. Read More

J Cell Sci 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Regional Centre for Biotechnology, 3 milestone Gurgaon Faridabad Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, India

Typhimurium (ST) is an intracellular pathogen that causes gastroenteritis in humans. Aided by a battery of effector proteins, ST resides intracellularly in a specialized vesicle, called -containing vacuole (SCV) that utilizes the host endocytic vesicular-transport pathway (VTP). Here we probed the possible role of SUMOylation, a post-translation modification pathway, in SCV biology. Read More

BMC Infect Dis 2018 Dec 3;18(1):605. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

University of Texas McGovern Medical School and School of Public Health, 1200 Pressler Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.

Background: Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) is the leading cause of illness among returning travelers seeking medical care. Multiple types of enteric pathogens can cause travel-acquired AGE and, while bacterial pathogens have a predominant role, the importance of viruses, such as norovirus, is increasingly recognized. There is a lack of information on travel-acquired norovirus incidence among symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals irrespective of healthcare-seeking behavior. Read More

J Infect Dis 2018 Nov 30. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.

Objective: Persisting low grade inflammation is suggested to play a role in post-infectious functional gastrointestinal disorders (PI-FGID). The present study examined alterations in duodenal mucosal lymphocytes during and after Giardia gastroenteritis in patients who did, or did not, develop PI-FGID.

Design: Duodenal mucosal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) and lamina propria CD3, CD4, CD8 and CD20 lymphocytes were quantified in 28 chronic giardiasis (CG) patients, 66 patients with persistent abdominal symptoms after acute Giardia infection (PI-FGID), 19 recovered controls (RC) and 16 healthy volunteers (HC). Read More

J Vet Intern Med 2018 Nov 30. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Clinic of Small Animal Internal Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany.

Background: Recently, novel pore-forming toxin genes designated netE and netF were identified in a Clostridium perfringens type A strain isolated from a dog with acute hemorrhagic diarrhea.

Objectives: Pore-forming toxins could play an important role in the disease pattern of acute hemorrhagic diarrhea syndrome (AHDS) in dogs. Thus, we aimed to determine the prevalence of C. Read More

J Infect Chemother 2018 Nov 27. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

Kawasaki City Institute for Public Health, 3-25-13 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan. Electronic address:

Simple, systematic, and sustainable passive surveillance systems for vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs) should be useful to quantify the clinical and economic burden in a timely manner with minimum investment. This pilot study evaluated the usefulness of nationwide administrative databases (a hospital-based administrative database and an insurance claims database) for such passive surveillance of children hospitalized for VPDs using rotavirus gastroenteritis (RGE) as an example. Two rotavirus vaccines were launched in November 2011 and July 2012 in Japan. Read More

Epidemiol Infect 2018 Nov 30. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

PLoS One 2018 29;13(11):e0207655. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, Eastern Cape, South Africa.

Plesiomonas shigelloides is an emerging pathogen with damaging effects on human health such as gastroenteritis and extraintestinal infections. Here, we carried out a bibliometric survey that aimed to examine publication trends in Plesiomonas-related research by time and place, international collaborative works, identify gaps and suggest directions for future research. The search term "Plesiomonas shigelloides" was used to retrieve articles published between 1990 and 2017 from the Web of Science database. Read More

Pediatr Emerg Care 2018 Nov 26. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Hospital Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, and.

We describe 2 cases of child maltreatment who presented as common pediatric conditions: preseptal cellulitis and gastroenteritis. The first case is an 8-year-old girl who presented with progressive right eye pain, swelling, and discharge. She was initially treated for preseptal cellulitis, but eye cultures ultimately grew Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Read More

Mymensingh Med J 2018 Oct;27(4):679-684

Dr Samsoon Nahar, M Phil Thesis Part Student, Department of Microbiology, Mymensingh Medical College (MMC), Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

Rotavirus gastroenteritis is a major cause of severe dehydrating diarrhea in children worldwide. Group A rotavirus causes approximately 40% of hospitalization for diarrhea among under 5 years children. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and silver staining was applied to detect rotavirus dsRNA from acute diarrheic stool of 776 hospitalized children below five years. Read More

J Immunol 2018 Nov 28. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, United Kingdom.

infection is a globally important cause of gastroenteritis and systemic disease and is a useful tool to study immune responses in the intestine. Although mechanisms leading to immune responses against have been extensively studied, questions remain about how bacteria travel from the intestinal mucosa to the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), a key site for Ag presentation. In this study, we used a mouse model of infection with serovar Typhimurium (STM) to identify changes in intestinal immune cells induced during early infection. Read More

mSphere 2018 Nov 28;3(6). Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

Enteric fever is caused by three serovars: Typhi, Paratyphi A, and Paratyphi B Although vaccines against two of these serovars are licensed (Typhi) or in clinical development (Paratyphi A), as yet there are no candidates for Paratyphi B. To gain genomic insight into these serovars, we sequenced 38 enteric fever-associated strains from Chile and compared these with reference genomes. Each of the serovars was separated genomically based on the core genome. Read More

Front Microbiol 2018 13;9:2734. Epub 2018 Nov 13.

Department of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.

Transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) has caused devastating economic losses to the swine industry worldwide, despite extensive research focusing on the pathogenesis of virus infection. The molecular pathogenic mechanism of TGEV-induced diarrhea in piglets is unknown. Intestinal diarrhea is closely related to the function of the Na/H exchanger protein NHE3 in the brush border membrane of small intestine epithelial cells. Read More