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Antioxidants (Basel) 2021 May 11;10(5). Epub 2021 May 11.

Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, College of Pharmacy and Inje, Inje University, 607 Obang-dong, Gimhae 621749, Korea.

This study was designed to determine whether α-humulene, a major constituent in many plants used in fragrances, has a protective role against gastric injury in vivo and in vitro. A rat model of hydrochloric acid (HCl)/ethanol-induced gastritis and human mast cells (HMC-1) were used to investigate the mucosal protective effect of α-humulene. α-Humulene significantly inhibited gastric lesions in HCl/ethanol-induced acute gastritis and decreased gastric acid secretion pyloric ligation-induced gastric ulcers in vivo. Read More

Life Sci 2021 May 6;273:119297. Epub 2021 Mar 6.

Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt. Electronic address:

Stress-induced gastritis is a common problem in the intensive care unit. Zeaxanthin (ZE), a non-provitamin A carotenoid has been known to exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we examined the effect of ZE on water avoidance stress (WAS)-induced gastritis in rats. Read More

Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2021 02 11;320(2):G206-G216. Epub 2020 Nov 11.

Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan.

Gastric hypersensitivity is a major pathophysiological feature of functional dyspepsia (FD). Recent clinical studies have shown that a large number of patients with FD present with gastroduodenal microinflammation, which may be involved in the pathophysiology of FD. However, no animal model reflecting this clinical characteristic has been established. Read More

J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021 Mar 30;36(3):740-750. Epub 2020 Sep 30.

Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.

Background And Aim: The inflammasomes promote pro-caspase-1 cleavage, leading to processing of pro-interleukin (IL)-1β into its mature form. We investigated the role of the IL-1β and nucleotide binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in gastric injury in mice receiving water-immersion restraint stress (WIRS), focusing on the cyclooxygenase (COX)-2/prostaglandin (PG) E axis.

Methods: To induce gastric injury, the mice were placed in a restraint cage and immersed in the water bath to the level of the xiphoid process. Read More

J Ginseng Res 2020 Jul 15;44(4):655-663. Epub 2019 Nov 15.

Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea.

Background: Korean Red Ginseng is known to exhibit immune-enhancing and anti-inflammatory properties. The immune-enhancing effects of the nonsaponin fraction (NSF) of Korean Red Ginseng have been studied in many reports. However, the gastroprotective effect of this fraction is not fully understood. Read More

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2020 31;2020:3797219. Epub 2020 Jan 31.

Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine, Department of Kampo Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan.

Anxiety and depression often occur with gastrointestinal symptoms. Although the Japanese traditional medicine (Kampo medicine) bukuryoingohangekobokuto (BGH) is approved for treating anxiety, neurotic gastritis, and heartburn, its effect on gastrointestinal motility remains poorly known. This study aimed to examine the effect of BGH on delayed gastric emptying in stress model mice and clarified its action mechanism. Read More

Microbiologyopen 2020 01 22;9(1):e00951. Epub 2019 Oct 22.

Department of Microbiology, Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.

Chronic persistent stress is an important cause of gastritis, but the underlying mechanism remains to be further researched, especially the role of the gastric microbiota in this process. Here, we used the water avoidance stress (WAS) test in mouse models for chronic stress-induced gastritis to investigate the underlying mechanisms of this disease. The effect of stress on the gastric microbiota was analyzed based on 16S rRNA sequencing; the changes in hydrogen sulfide (H S) and inflammatory cytokine levels in gastric tissues were detected by Western blotting, ELISA, immunofluorescence, and qRT-PCR. Read More

Arch Med Sci 2019 Jan 19;15(1):223-231. Epub 2016 Oct 19.

Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Introduction: (Piperaceae) is traditionally used by Asians to treat numerous common ailments including asthma, fever and gastritis. The aim of the research was to determine and compare the effects of Piper sarmentosum (PS) with omeprazole (OMZ) on gastric parameters in rats exposed to restraint stress.

Material And Methods: The methanolic extract of PS was prepared in the dose of 500 mg/kg. Read More

PLoS One 2017 24;12(7):e0181546. Epub 2017 Jul 24.

Liaison R/D Center, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Niigata, Japan.

Hericium erinaceus (HE) has been used both as a traditional Chinese medicine and home remedy for treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers and gastritis. EP-1, a purified polysaccharide isolated from HE mycelium, has recently been identified as the active component responsible for HE anti-gastritis activity. Because oxidative stress has been implicated as a pathogenic cause of gastritis and gastric ulcers, EP-1 antioxidant properties were systematically examined in vitro using the human gastric mucosal epithelial cell line, GES-1. Read More

Biogerontology 2017 04 10;18(2):293-299. Epub 2017 Jan 10.

Department of Genetics, University of Rzeszow, Werynia 502, 36-100, Kolbuszowa, Poland.

Helicobacter pylori, one of the most frequently observed bacterium in the human intestinal flora, has been widely studied since Marshall and Warren documented a link between the presence of H. pylori in the gastrointestinal tract and gastritis and gastric ulcers. Interestingly, H. Read More

Clin Transl Med 2016 Dec 23;5(1):35. Epub 2016 Aug 23.

National Cancer Institute (NCI), the National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA.

Longevity and accumulation of multiple context-dependent signaling pathways of long-standing inflammation (antigen-load or oxidative stress) are the results of decreased/altered regulation of immunity and loss of control switch mechanisms that we defined as Yin and Yang of acute inflammation or immune surveillance. Chronic inflammation is initiated by immune disruptors-induced progressive changes in physiology and function of susceptible host tissues that lead to increased immune suppression and multistep disease processes including carcinogenesis. The interrelated multiple hypotheses that are presented for the first time in this article are extension of author's earlier series of 'accidental' discoveries on the role of inflammation in developmental stages of immune dysfunction toward tumorigenesis and angiogenesis. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016 May 19(5):CD010714. Epub 2016 May 19.

Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, West China Women's and Children's Hospital, No. 17 Section Three, Ren Min Nan Lu Avenue, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 610041.

Background: Gastrointestinal bleeding refers to loss of blood from any site of the digestive tract. In paediatric clinical practice, it is usually a complaint of children attending the emergency department as a symptom of diseases such as ulcers, gastric or oesophageal varices, gastritis, Mallory-Weiss tears, anorectal fissures, allergic colitis, infectious colitis, intussusception, Henoch-Schonlein purpura, and Meckel's diverticulum; it also occurs with high incidence in critically ill children hospitalised in intensive care units and is caused by stress-induced gastropathy. No matter what the cause of gastrointestinal bleeding, fasting is believed to be necessary due to the fear that eating may affect haemostasis or aggravate bleeding. Read More

J Ethnopharmacol 2014 Sep 30;155(2):1001-10. Epub 2014 Jun 30.

Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.

Ethnopharmocological Relevance: Biotite mica enriched with Fe(2+) ions are widely used as a major mineral ingredient in traditional pharmaceutical science of alchemy (Rasashastra). Abhrak bhasma (mica ash), a pharmaceutical product containing treated mica, is utilized, for example, in Ayurvedic treatments for ailments such as gastritis, renal disease, skin disease and mainly in rejuvenation formulations. However, the untreated mica minerals may be harmful when used directly, as they carry considerably high amounts of trace-elements that can cause undesirable effects in the human body. Read More

Chonnam Med J 2014 Apr 22;50(1):6-14. Epub 2014 Apr 22.

Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.

This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of an orally administered aqueous extract of glutinous rice (GRE) to protect against acute gastric mucosal lesions induced by ethanol, indomethacin, and water immersion restraint stress in rats and to characterize the active substances responsible for the protection. GRE was shown to dose-dependently prevent the gastric lesions induced by the above ulcerogenic treatments at doses of 30 to 300 mg/kg. GRE treatment increased the gastric mucin content and partially blocked the ethanol-induced depletion of the gastric mucus layer. Read More

PLoS One 2014 6;9(5):e96775. Epub 2014 May 6.

College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China.

The administration of exogenous β-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB), as well as fasting and caloric restriction, is a condition associated with β-HB abundance and decreased appetite in animals. Increased β-HB and decreased appetite exist simultaneously in some diseases, such as bovine left displaced abomasums (LDA) and human chronic gastritis. However, the effects of β-HB on stomach injuries have not been explored. Read More

Ideggyogy Sz 2014 Mar;67(3-4):91-4

Although Hans Selye is mostly known for his discovery & development of the stress concept, he also introduced the first physiologically sound, structure-activity classification of steroids that was also based on the chemical structure of steroids in 1943. He not only introduced the names of glucocorticoids & mineralocorticoids but discovered the anti- & pro-inflammatory properties, respectively, of these steroids in animal models. Furthermore, he not only described the first stress-induced gastric ulcers in rats (1936) & characterized the first human 'stress ulcers' during the air-raids in London during World War 11 (1943). Read More

Gastroenterology 2014 Jun 13;146(7):1739-51.e14. Epub 2014 Feb 13.

Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee. Electronic address:

Background & Aims: The gastric cancer-causing pathogen Helicobacter pylori up-regulates spermine oxidase (SMOX) in gastric epithelial cells, causing oxidative stress-induced apoptosis and DNA damage. A subpopulation of SMOX(high) cells are resistant to apoptosis, despite their high levels of DNA damage. Because epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activation can regulate apoptosis, we determined its role in SMOX-mediated effects. Read More

Food Chem Toxicol 2013 May 26;55:353-7. Epub 2013 Jan 26.

Bioevaluation Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Cheongwon, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea.

Silymarin has been known to exert antioxidant, anti-carcinogenic and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we examined the effect of silymarin on gastritis in rats. Oral administration of silymarin dose-dependently decreased gastric lesions in ethanol-induced gastritis model. Read More

PLoS One 2013 17;8(1):e54811. Epub 2013 Jan 17.

Research Unit of Translational Neurogastroenterology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.

Environmental enrichment (EE) has a beneficial effect on rodent behaviour, neuronal plasticity and brain function. Although it may also improve stress coping, it is not known whether EE influences the brain response to an external (psychological) stressor such as water avoidance stress (WAS) or an internal (systemic) stressor such as gastrointestinal inflammation. This study hence explored whether EE modifies WAS-induced activation of the mouse corticolimbic system and whether this stress response is altered by gastritis or colitis. Read More

Lab Invest 2012 Oct 2;92(10):1407-18. Epub 2012 Jul 2.

Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Gastroenterology Unit, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy.

P-glycoprotein (P-gp), traditionally linked to cancer poor prognosis and multidrug resistance, is undetectable in normal gastric mucosa and overexpressed in gastric cancer (GC). We propose that P-gp may be involved in Helicobacter pylori (Hp)-related gastric carcinogenesis by inhibiting apoptosis. Aim of the study was to evaluate the expression of P-gp in fetal stomach and in Hp-related gastric carcinogenesis, the epigenetic control of the multi-drug resistance-1 (MDR1) gene, the localization and interaction between P-gp and Bcl-x(L) and the effect of the selective silencing of P-gp on cell survival. Read More

World J Gastroenterol 2012 Jan;18(4):302-8

Lab of Translational Medicine, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, 7-45 Songdo-dong, Yeonsu-gu, 406-840 Incheon, South Korea.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) attack guanine bases in DNA easily and form 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), which can bind to thymidine rather than cytosine, based on which, the level of 8-OHdG is generally regarded as a biomarker of mutagenesis consequent to oxidative stress. For example, higher levels of 8-OHdG are noted in Helicobacter pylori-associated chronic atrophic gastritis as well as gastric cancer. However, we have found that exogenous 8-OHdG can paradoxically reduce ROS production, attenuate the nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway, and ameliorate the expression of proinflammatory mediators such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, cyclo-oxygenase-2, and inducible nitric oxide synthase in addition to expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX)-1, NOX organizer-1 and NOX activator-1 in various conditions of inflammation-based gastrointestinal (GI) diseases including gastritis, inflammatory bowel disease, pancreatitis, and even colitis-associated carcinogenesis. Read More

Hepatogastroenterology 2012 May;59(115):942-6

Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.

Background/aims: CJ-20001 is a phytopharmaceutical agent and currently being investigated in a Phase II trial for the treatment of acute and chronic gastritis patients in Korea. In this study we addressed the protective effects of CJ-20001 against water immersion restraint stress (WIRS)-induced gastric injury in rats and studied the underlying mechanisms.

Methodology: To evaluate the protective effect of CJ-20001 on stress-induced gastric lesions, rats were exposed to water immersion restraint stress. Read More

Amino Acids 2012 Feb 28;42(2-3):627-40. Epub 2011 Aug 28.

Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 1030C MRBIV, 2215 Garland Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.

L-arginine (L-Arg) is metabolized by nitric oxide synthase and arginase enzymes. The gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori causes peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. We have shown that alterations in L-Arg availability and metabolism into polyamines contribute significantly to the dysregulation of the host immune response to this infection. Read More

Biochimie 2011 Jul 31;93(7):1115-23. Epub 2011 Mar 31.

Graduate Institute of Medicine, Center for Research Resources and Development, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.

The development of various gastrointestinal diseases was suggested to be associated with chronic inflammation as a consequence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. Our previous studies showed that an antioxidant protein alkylhydroperoxide reductase (AhpC) is an abundant and important antioxidant protein present in H. Read More

Int J Surg Pathol 2011 Jun 21;19(3):297-302. Epub 2011 Mar 21.

University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Immunohistochemical staining is useful in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori-induced gastritis. The authors encountered gastric resection specimens with an unusual pattern of reactivity on H pylori immunostains where the typical morphology of the organism was not recognizable, but the characteristic chronic gastritis associated with infection was present. The authors sought to explore this phenomenon by retrospectively reviewing and immunostaining 28 gastric resection specimens for H pylori. Read More

Pharm Biol 2011 Mar;49(3):262-8

Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Acharya & B.M. Reddy College of Pharmacy, Bangalore.

Context: Terminalia chebula Retz. (Combretaceae) is a medium-sized tree that grows in the wild throughout India. T. Read More

Biochem Pharmacol 2011 Jan 9;81(1):111-22. Epub 2010 Sep 9.

Lab of Translational Medicine, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Songdo-dong 7-45, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) attack guanine bases in DNA and form 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), which has been regarded simply as an oxidative mutagenic by-product. On the other hand, our previous report showed paradoxically ROS attenuating action of generated 8-OHdG. In the current study, both in vitro and in vivo experiments were executed in order to document anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory actions of 8-OHdG in cell model and to elucidate the therapeutic efficacy against water immersion restraint stress (WIRS)-induced gastritis animal model. Read More

Biol Pharm Bull 2010 ;33(2):223-9

Laboratory of Analytical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Environmental and Human Sciences, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tenpaku-ku, Nagoya 468-8503, Japan.

The present study was designed to clarify the effects of an ethanol extract of artichoke leaf on acute gastric mucosal injury in rats. Oral administration of artichoke leaf extract dose-dependently prevented absolute ethanol-induced (125-500 mg/kg) or restraint plus water immersion stress-induced gastric mucosal injury (1000-2000 mg/kg). The artichoke leaf extract contains 1% cynaropicrin and 0. Read More