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Nanotechnology 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

DRDO Solid State Physics Laboratory, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi, Delhi, 110054, INDIA.

In this report, the precise alignment of catalyst free InAs nanowires (NWs) on pre-patterned Au microelectrodes by dielectrophoresis (DEP) technique for gas sensing applications is presented. The catalyst free InAs NWs have been grown on Si (111) substrate by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) technique. The effect of dispersing solvents, electrode geometries and gaps, magnitude, frequency and duration of applied voltage etc. Read More

Nanotechnology 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Nanomaterials Laboratory, Centre for Materials for Electronics Technology, Panchwati, Off Pashan Road, Pune-411008, Pune, Maharashtra, 411008, INDIA.

Ammonia is widely needed in chemical industry as well as in fertilizers for agriculture. However, in small as well as large quantities it is not only hazardous for human health but also for our ecosystem. Therefore, ammonia sensing at low concentration with high sensitivity, selectivity and low response time as well as recovery time is important. Read More

Nano Lett 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Pt nanoparticles play an essential role in a wide variety of catalytic reactions. The activity of the particles strongly depends on their three-dimensional (3D) structure and exposed facets, as well as on the reactive environment. High resolution electron microscopy has often been used to characterize nanoparticle catalysts, but unfortunately, most observations so far have been either performed in vacuum and/or using conventional (2D) in situ microscopy. Read More

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, The Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States.

Objectives: Gastrointestinal disorders, such as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID), involve disrupted homeostatic interactions between the microbiota and the host. Both disorders are worsened during stress, and in laboratory mice, stress exposure has been shown to change the composition of the gut microbiome. Stress-induced changes to the microbiome exacerbate intestinal inflammation and alter intestinal motility in mice. Read More

J Air Waste Manag Assoc 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

b Okayama University , Okayama , Japan.

In the gasification of biomass, it is necessary to limit the amount of by-product tar and increase the yields of hydrogen and carbon monoxide (syngas). Therefore, we conducted gasification and reforming experiments on woody biomass using an electric tubular furnace, to evaluate the gas reforming and tar decomposition performance of a NiO/SBA-15 catalyst. As a result, we found that this catalyst is effective for H production. Read More

J Occup Environ Hyg 2018 Dec 12:1-36. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

a School of Engineering and Technology , Savonia University of Applied Sciences , Kuopio , Finland.

The aim of this study was to measure the concentrations of gaseous and particulate contaminants originated from additive manufacturing operations and post-processes in an occupational setting when plastics were used as feedstock materials. Secondary aims were to evaluate the concentration levels based on proposed exposure limits and target values and to propose means to reduce exposure to contaminants released in additive manufacturing processes. Volatile organic compounds were sampled with Tenax® TA adsorption tubes and analyzed with thermo desorption gas chromatography-mass spectrometry instrument. Read More

Org Lett 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Institute of Organic Chemistry , University of Münster , Corrensstrasse 40 , 48149 Münster , Germany.

Multicomponent reactions of diazo compounds have attracted much attention in recent years. Such transformations are generally conducted by applying transition metal catalysis and involve the corresponding metal carbenes as key intermediates. In this letter, a metal-free three-component intermolecular acetoxyaminoalkylation of α-diazo amides with tertiary aryl amines and (diacetoxyiodo)benzene is presented. Read More

Acc Chem Res 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Chemistry , Tufts University , 62 Talbot Avenue , Medford , Massachusetts 02155 United States.

Heterogeneous catalysts are workhorses in the industrial production of most commodity and specialty chemicals, and have widespread energy and environmental applications, with the annual market value of the catalysts themselves reaching almost $20 billion in 2018. These catalysts are complex, comprising multicomponent materials and multiple structures, making their rational design challenging, if not impossible. Furthermore, typical active metals like Pt, Pd, and Rh are expensive and can be susceptible to poisoning by CO, coking, and they are not always 100% selective. Read More

Environ Sci Technol 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

The selective absorption of NO in flue gas has been investigated using a series of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as novel denitrifying agents. The EG-TBAB DESs used in this work are composed of a hydrogen donor ethylene glycol (EG) and a parent salt tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB). Effects of DES composition (EG:TBAB molar ratio), operation temperature, residence time, and O2 concentration in the flue gas on denitrification performances of EG-TBAB DESs have been investigated. Read More

ACS Nano 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Herein we demonstrate that meticulous and in-depth analysis of the reaction mechanisms of nanoparticle formation is rewarded by full control of size, shape and crystal structure of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanocrystals during synthesis. Starting from two iron sources - iron(II)- and iron(III) carbonate -a strict separation of oleate formation from the generation of reactive pyrolysis products and concomitant nucleation of iron oxide nanoparticles was achieved. This protocol enabled us to analyze each step of nanoparticle formation independently in depth. Read More

J Water Health 2018 Dec;16(6):958-969

School of Architectural and Surveying & Mapping Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China E-mail:

Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) was preserved using an agar embedding method to maintain its stability. No obvious damage was imposed on the granular appearance during 30 days of cold and dry storage, but the granular microstructure had an uneven surface with a large number of holes. The results were consistent with the extinction of microbial communities and the monitored consumption of extracellular polymeric substances, in which granular specific oxygen utilization rate and mixed liquor volatile suspended solids/mixed liquor suspended solids ratio, respectively, decreased by 72. Read More

J Phys Chem B 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

The Claisen rearrangement is a carbon-carbon bond-forming, pericyclic reaction of fundamental importance due to its relevance in synthetic and mechanistic investigations of organic and biological chemistry. Despite continued efforts, the molecular origins of the rate acceleration in going from the aqueous phase into the protein is still incompletely understood. In the present work the rearrangement reaction for allyl-vinyl-ether (AVE), its dicarboxylated variant (AVE-(CO)) and the biologically relevant substrate chorismate is investigated in gas phase, water and in chorismate mutase. Read More

Sante Publique 2018 Oct;30(4):575-586

In Burkina Faso, women and their young children are the most exposed to the effects of indoor air pollution. This study investigated the risk factors associated with air pollution during meal cooking in the occurrence of Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) in children under 5 years of age. This is a cross-sectional study that took place in two sectors of the city of Ouagadougou (sectors 15 and 17) in Burkina Faso. Read More

J Appl Oral Sci 2018 Dec 10;27:e20180015. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Gazi University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Pathology, Ankara, Turkey.

Objectives: In this study, the effects of ozonetherapy on secondary wound healing were evaluated histologically and immuno-histochemically.

Material And Methods: Material and Methods: 8 healthy pigs were used in this study. Six wounds with 10 mm in diameter were created through the punch technique on the palatinal gingiva of each pig. Read More

Braz J Med Biol Res 2018 Dec 10;52(1):e7974. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Section of Nephrology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.

Details about the acid-base changes in hemodialysis are scarce in the literature but are potentially relevant to adequate management of patients. We addressed the acid-base kinetics during hemodialysis and throughout the interdialytic period in a cross-sectional study of adults undergoing conventional hemodialysis. Samples for blood gas analysis were obtained from the arterial limb of the arteriovenous fistula before the first session of the week (HD1), immediately at the end of HD1, and on sequential collections at 15, 30, 45, 60, and 120 min post-HD1. Read More

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Indian Metrological Department, Lodhi Road, New Delhi, 110 003, India.

Urban areas in developing countries are major sources of carbonaceous aerosols and air pollutants, pointing out the need for a detailed assessment of their levels and origin close to the source. A multi-instrument research campaign was performed in Delhi during December 2015-February 2016 aimed at exploring the pollution levels and the contribution of various sources to particulate matter (PM) concentrations, black carbon (BC) aerosols, and trace gases. The weak winds (< 5-6 m s) along with the shallow boundary layer favoured the formation of thick and persistent fog conditions, which along with the high BC (24. Read More

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.

A study was conducted to investigate the utilization of mature compost as a biofilter medium for the removal of hydrogen sulfide (HS) from the exhaust gases of the composting process. Source-selected kitchen waste from municipal solid waste was composted in a reactor, and the exhaust gas was passed through a biofilter packed with a 1:4 (wet weight) mixture of mature compost and sand. Two treatments were applied under sterilized and unsterilized conditions to quantify the contribution of microbial activity. Read More

Neotrop Entomol 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

State Key Lab for Conservation and Utilization of Biological Resources in Yunnan, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural Univ, Kunming, 650201, China.

The potato tuberworm moth (PTM) Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is one of the most damaging pests of potato Solanum tuberosum L. in warm temperate and subtropical areas. Our previous experiment showed that extracts of larval frass of PTM deterred oviposition of conspecific females. Read More

Environ Monit Assess 2018 Dec 11;191(1):16. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Commission, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100021, China.

More information is required to improve our understanding of the presence of organic ultraviolet absorbents (UVAs) in organisms and the risks posed to biota. Effective removal of lipids in the determination of UVAs in biological samples is a sample-processing bottleneck. In this study, we optimized a multistep purification method for fish tissue samples extracted using an ultrasonic-assisted extraction method. Read More

Chem Commun (Camb) 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Institute for Advanced Materials, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics and Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.

We demonstrate a bio-inspired three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical catalyst, based on the Fe-doped nanoarrays of dendritic nickel trees, which provides large surface area, close to optimal electron transport, and large inter-branch open-channels for improving gas-bubble release, outperforming the benchmark catalyst of noble RuO2. Read More

Biomed Res Int 2018 13;2018:3069595. Epub 2018 Nov 13.

Laboratory of Blue Biotechnology and Aquatic Bioproduction (B3 Aqua), National Institute of Marine Sciences and Technologies (INSTM), 28, 2 march street 1934 -2035 Salammbô, Tunisia.

This study deals with the antimicrobial potential assessment of in regard to collection period and sampling site. Besides, we assess the chemical composition of bioactive compounds. For this purpose, was seasonally collected from two northern sites in Tunisia, Cap Zebib rocky shore (CZ) and Ghar El Melh lagoon (GEM). Read More

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2018 12;2018:9759240. Epub 2018 Nov 12.

Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, MeditBio, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.

This study was performed to evaluate the total phenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant activities of twenty-four propolis samples from different regions of Morocco. In addition, two samples were screened regarding the antibacterial effect against four strains. Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectra (GC-MS) analysis was done for propolis samples used in antibacterial tests. Read More

Front Plant Sci 2018 27;9:1748. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.

Fusarium wilt, caused by the fungus f.sp. (), is one of the most important and destructive diseases in banana crops worldwide. Read More

Local Reg Anesth 2018 22;11:115-121. Epub 2018 Nov 22.

Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Military Hospital 103, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam,

Background: Paravertebral block has been proven to be an efficient method to provide post-thoracotomy pain management. This study aimed to compare patient-controlled paravertebral analgesia (PCPA) and intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IVPCA) in terms of analgesic efficiency, respiratory function, and adverse effects after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) lobectomy.

Patients And Methods: The prospective randomized trial study was carried out on 60 patients who underwent VATS lobectomy (randomly allocated 30 patients in each group). Read More

Nat Commun 2018 12 11;9(1):5291. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate, Institute of Physical Chemistry Rocasolano, Serrano 119, 28006, Madrid, Spain.

During polar springtime, active bromine drives ozone, a greenhouse gas, to near-zero levels. Bromine production and emission in the polar regions have so far been assumed to require sunlight. Here, we report measurements of bromocarbons in sea ice, snow, and air during the Antarctic winter that reveal an unexpected new source of organic bromine to the atmosphere during periods of no sunlight. Read More

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213

MBio 2018 Dec 11;9(6). Epub 2018 Dec 11.

School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences and Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia

The World Health Organization reports that antibiotic-resistant pathogens represent an imminent global health disaster for the 21st century. Gram-positive superbugs threaten to breach last-line antibiotic treatment, and the pharmaceutical industry antibiotic development pipeline is waning. Here we report the synergy between ionophore-induced physiological stress in Gram-positive bacteria and antibiotic treatment. Read More

Plant Physiol 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Purdue University CITY: West Lafayette STATE: IN POSTAL_CODE: 47906 United States Of America [US]

Stomatal responses to changes in leaf water status are important for the diurnal regulation of gas exchange and the survival of plants during drought. These stomatal responses in angiosperm species are well characterized, yet an ongoing debate surrounds the role of metabolism, particularly the role of the hormone abscisic acid (ABA), in functionally regulating stomatal responses to changes in leaf water status in species of non-seed plants. Here we measured the stomatal response to changes in vapour pressure deficit (VPD) in two natural forms of the fern species Athyrium filix-femina, recently suggested to have stomata that are regulated by ABA. Read More

BMC Anesthesiol 2018 Dec 11;18(1):186. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, No. 20 Xishi Road, 226001, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether a AOI strategy on non-ventilated lung could reduce the regional and systemic proinflammatory cytokine and oxidative stress response associated with esophagectomy, and to evaluate whether AOI can be used as a novel lung protective ventilation strategy. Its impact on oxygenation after OLV, surfactant protein A, B, C (SP-A, B, C), postoperative hospital stay and postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) was also evaluated.

Methods: Fifty-four adults (ASA II-III) undergoing esophagectomy with OLV were enrolled in the study. Read More

BMC Anesthesiol 2018 Dec 11;18(1):187. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Jiangsu Road 16, Qingdao, 266000, China.

Background: Central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO), venous-arterial blood carbon dioxide partial pressures difference (Pv-aCO), venous-arterial blood carbon dioxide partial pressures difference/arterial-venous oxygen difference ratio (Pv-aCO/Ca-vO) and lactate are important parameters employed during shock resuscitation. We designed this study to confirm the effects of time delay and body temperature on measurements of these four parameters.

Methods: Arterial and central venous blood samples were simultaneously drawn by plastic syringes via indwelling intra-arterial and central venous catheters from critically ill patients. Read More

J Phys Chem Lett 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

The atomic-level description of liquid interfaces has lagged behind that of solid crystalline surfaces, because existing experimental techniques have been limited in their capability to report molecular structure in a fluctuating liquid interfacial layer. We have moved toward a more detailed experimental description of the gas-liquid interface by studying the F-atom scattering dynamics on a common ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide. When given contrast by deuterium labeling, the yield and dynamical behavior of reactively scattered HF isotopologues can resolve distinct signatures from the cation butyl, methyl, and ring groups, which help to quantify the relative populations of cation conformations at the liquid-vacuum interface. Read More

J Phys Chem A 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

The rate constant for the reaction CH+H⇒CH+H was studied behind reflected shock waves at temperatures between 1619 and 1948 K and pressures near 10 atm in a mixture of CH, CH, H, and argon. CH time-histories were measured using laser absorption of a CO gas laser near 10.53 microns. Read More

Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol 2018 Aug 12;17(4):379-387. Epub 2018 Aug 12.

Chemical Injuries Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Department of Respiratory, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.

Despite many years having passed since exposure to sulfur mustard (SM) gas, there are many exposed subjects who are still suffering from delayed pulmonary complications. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the lung of these subjects have not been investigated in delay phase. In this study, we evaluated mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory  cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1 (TNFR1), and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β)  ) in lung biopsy of SM-exposed subjects and compared them with control (non-exposed) subjects. Read More

J Cardiol Cases 2014 Nov 19;10(5):193-195. Epub 2014 Aug 19.

Department of Radiology, Sanjay Gandhi PGIMS, Lucknow, India.

Patients with polycythemia have an abnormally elevated hemoglobin, hematocrit, and red cell count. It is important to differentiate primary polycythemia from secondary causes since this can affect patient management and prognosis. We report the case of a young male, suspected to have primary polycythemia who was referred for a cardiology opinion after a bone marrow examination was normal and testing for Janus kinase gene mutation was negative. Read More

J Cardiol Cases 2011 Feb 14;3(1):e22-e25. Epub 2010 Dec 14.

Centre de Médecine Hyperbare, Pôle RUSH, CHU Sainte Marguerite, Marseille, France.

Background: Pulmonary barotrauma is a rare but feared complication of scuba diving, with around 30% mortality.

Objective: We report an uncommon case of pulmonary barotrauma complicated by arterial gas embolism with both coronary and neurological ischemic injuries after scuba diving.

Case Report: A 46-year-old-man was admitted to our hospital for acute coronary syndrome and stroke following a scuba dive. Read More

Soft Matter 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Leibniz Institute for Polymer Research, Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany.

We study the phase transition dynamics of a fluid system in which the particles diffuse anisotropically in space. The motivation to study such a situation is provided by systems of interacting magnetic colloidal particles subject to the Lorentz force. The Smoluchowski equation for the many-particle probability distribution then acquires an anisotropic diffusion tensor. Read More

Horm Res Paediatr 2018 Dec 11:1-10. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.

Background/aims: Mutations in the DAX1 gene cause X-linked adrenal hypoplasia congenita (AHC) classically associated with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Unexpectedly, precocious puberty (PP) has been reported in some cases, its mechanism remaining unclear.

Methods: We longitudinally studied a boy with AHC due to DAX1 gene mutation who developed peripheral PP at age 4. Read More

Nanotechnology 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Electronics Engineering, National Chiao-Tung University, 1001 Ta-Hsueh Road, Hsinchu 300, TAIWAN, Hsinchu, TAIWAN.

We successfully demonstrated a simple and low-cost nitric oxide (NO) gas sensor to deliver parts-per-billion (ppb) regime detection at room temperature operation. A vertical-channel ZnO nanorods resistor is fabricated by putting silver nanowire electrode onto the hydrothermal ZnO nanorods film. With suitable process condition, the nanorods film exhibits a uniform morphology to enable the formation of gas-permeable nanowire top electrode while also the nanorods provide good surface-to-volume ratio to deliver strong reaction with NO gas. Read More

J Colloid Interface Sci 2018 Dec 4;538:474-480. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China. Electronic address:

Designing highly efficient and low-cost catalysts is essential toward realizing the practical application of hydrogen generation by formic acid decomposition (FAD) under ambient conditions. Herein, we report the synthesis of a hybrid material of Pd nanoparticles encapsulated within carbon nanotubes (CNTs) (Pd-CNTs-in). Transmission electron microscopy images show that most Pd nanoparticles (mean diameter 4. Read More

J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018 Nov 28;1104:256-261. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Vorarlberg Institute for Vascular Investigation and Treatment (VIVIT), Carinagasse 47, A-6800 Feldkirch, Austria; Private University of the Principality of Liechtenstein, Triesen, Liechtenstein; Medical Central Laboratories, A-6800 Feldkirch, Austria.

Breath analysis offers a non-invasive and rapid diagnostic method for detecting various volatile organic compounds that could be indicators for different diseases, particularly metabolic disorders including type 2 diabetes mellitus. The development of type 2 diabetes mellitus is closely linked to metabolic dysfunction of adipose tissue and adipocytes. However, the VOC profile of human adipocytes has not yet been investigated. Read More

J Plant Physiol 2018 Nov 29;232:65-73. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey. Electronic address:

Protective compounds such as non-enzymatic antioxidants, osmolytes and signal molecules have been applied to plants exposed to various environmental stresses to increase their stress tolerance. However, there are not enough records about the response of plants to alpha lipoic acid (ALA) application with antioxidant properties. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the function of exogenous ALA on the photosynthetic performance of maize seedlings grown in hydroponic conditions under drought stress. Read More

Int J Biol Macromol 2018 Dec 8. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

Inorganic Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt; Packaging Materials Department, National Research Centre, El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt. Electronic address:

Modification of chitosan with cross-linkers, blends with various kinds of polymers, nanoparticles and new organic-inorganic hybrid composites in order to obtain some improved properties attached more attention nowadays due to their good sensitivity in changing electrical and optical properties. In the current work modified hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate (CH/CAS) nanocomposite membranes and doped with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) AlO nanoparticles were synthesized via sol-gel process in acidic conditions, which can be efficiently employed to capture CO gas at lower and moderate temperatures. Furthermore, the fabricated CH/CAS nanocomposite membrane loading with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) AlO were investigated using XRD, SEM, FTIR and dielectric measurements. Read More

Eur J Oral Sci 2018 Dec 9. Epub 2018 Dec 9.

Department of Health Policy and Management, College of Health Science, Seoul, Korea.

This study aimed to evaluate the improvement in strength and durability of the bond between dentin and composite resins following plasma drying of the etched dentin surface using non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma. Plasma drying was applied to the etched dentin before applying adhesive. Conventional wet-bonding and helium (He) gas-dried bonding schemes were used as control groups. Read More

Glob Chang Biol 2018 Dec 9. Epub 2018 Dec 9.

Department of Biology, Trani Center for Life Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.

Sea level rise and changes in precipitation can cause saltwater intrusion into historically freshwater wetlands, leading to shifts in microbial metabolism that alter greenhouse gas emissions and soil carbon sequestration. Saltwater intrusion modifies soil physicochemistry and can immediately affect microbial metabolism, but further alterations to biogeochemical processing can occur over time as microbial communities adapt to the changed environmental conditions. To assess temporal changes in microbial community composition and biogeochemical activity due to saltwater intrusion, soil cores were transplanted from a tidal freshwater marsh to a downstream mesohaline marsh and periodically sampled over 1 year. Read More

Small 2018 Dec 7:e1803896. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China.

Nitrogen dioxide (NO ) emission has severe impact on human health and the ecological environment and effective monitoring of NO requires the detection limit (limit of detection) of several parts-per-billion (ppb). All organic semiconductor-based NO sensors fail to reach such a level. In this work, using an ion-in-conjugation inspired-polymer (poly(3,3'-diaminobenzidine-squarine, noted as PDBS) as the sensory material, NO can be detected as low as 1 ppb, which is the lowest among all reported organic NO sensors. Read More

Am J Addict 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

The Yale Stress Center, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.

Background And Objectives: Neuroactive steroids (NAS) may play a role in addiction, with observed increases in response to acute stress and drug use, but decreases with chronic substance use, suggesting that NAS neuroadaptations may occur with chronic substance use. However, levels of NAS in addicted individuals have not been systematically examined. Here, we evaluated a panel of NAS in men and women with cocaine use disorder (CUD) who participated in a clinical laboratory study of progesterone. Read More

J Mass Spectrom 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

University of Liège, Department of Chemistry, Organic & Biological Analytical Chemistry Group, Allée du 6 aout, B6c, B-4000, Liège (Sart Tilman), Belgium.

Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry is a powerful separation tool for complex petroleum product analysis. However, the most commonly used electron ionization (EI) technique often makes the identification of the majority of hydrocarbons impossible due to the exhaustive fragmentation and lack of molecular ion preservation, prompting the need of soft-ionization energies. In this study, three different soft-ionization techniques including photo ionization (PI), chemical ionization (CI), and field ionization (FI) were compared against EI to elucidate their relative capabilities to reveal different base oil hydrocarbon classes. Read More

Chem Rec 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, GPO BOX 2476, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia.

The necessity to drastically act against mercury pollution has been emphatically addressed by the United Nations. Coal-fired power plants contribute a great deal to the anthropogenic emissions; therefore, numerous sorbents/catalysts have been developed to remove elemental mercury (Hg ) from flue gases. Among them, ceria (CeO ) has attracted significant interest, due to its reversible Ce /Ce redox pair, surface-bound defects and acid-base properties. Read More

Int J Cancer 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Translational Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.

Pulmonary fibrosis represents a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Therapy induced lung fibrosis constitutes a pivotal dose-limiting side effect of radiotherapy and other anticancer agents. We aimed to develop objective criteria for assessment of fibrosis and discover pathophysiological and molecular correlates of lung fibrosis as a function of fractionated whole thoracic irradiation. Read More

Glob Chang Biol 2018 Dec 9. Epub 2018 Dec 9.

Oregon State University, Forest Ecosystems and Society, 321 Richardson Hall, Corvallis, Oregon, United States, 97331-5752.

A century of fire suppression across the Western US has led to more crowded forests and increased competition for resources. Studies of forest thinning or stand conditions after mortality events have provided indirect evidence for how competition can promote drought stress and predispose forests to severe fire and/or bark beetle outbreaks. Here we demonstrate linkages between fire deficits and increasing drought stress through analyses of annually resolved tree-ring growth, fire scars, and carbon isotope discrimination (Δ C) across a dry mixed-conifer forest landscape. Read More