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Front Biosci (Landmark Ed) 2022 Jun;27(6):185

Hepatic Surgery Centre, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, Hubei, China.

Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) include intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA), perihilar and distal cholangiocarcinoma (pCCA and dCCA), and gallbladder carcinoma based on the epithelial site of origin. BTCs are highly aggressive tumors associated with poor prognosis due to widespread metastasis and high recurrence. Surgery is the typical curative-intent treatment, yet the cornerstone of cure depends on the anatomical site of the primary tumor, and only a minority of patients (approximately 30%) has an indication necessitating surgery. Read More

In Vivo 2022 Jul-Aug;36(4):1651-1666

Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany;

Background/aim: The ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 5 (ABCB5) transporter plays a pivotal role in melanocyte progenitor cell fusion and has been identified as a tumor-initiating cell marker. In this study, we determined ABCB5 expression in normal tissues among various species, i.e. Read More

Diagn Pathol 2022 Jun 17;17(1):51. Epub 2022 Jun 17.

Hospital Information Center of Heilongjiang Province Affiliated to Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China.

Background: Mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasms (MiNENs) of the gallbladder are rare malignancies. Here we presented two cases and reviewed the related literature.

Case Presentation: Our two patients were postoperatively diagnosed with gallbladder MiNENs, which pathologically consisted of a large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and papillary adenocarcinoma. Read More

Sci Rep 2022 Jun 17;12(1):10206. Epub 2022 Jun 17.

Center for Liver and Pancreatobiliary Cancer, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10408, Republic of Korea.

Biliary tract cancer (BTC) has been inconsistently identified according to its location in epidemiological and clinical studies. This study retrospectively reviewed the treatment pattern and prognosis of BTC according to tumor location using the Korea Central Cancer Registry data of 97,676 patients with BTC from 2006 to 2017. The proportion of localized and regional Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) stage was the highest in ampulla of Vater (AoV, 78. Read More

Sci Rep 2022 Jun 16;12(1):10072. Epub 2022 Jun 16.

Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China.

MicroRNA-141(miR-141) has been reported to play vital roles in the regulation of carcinogenesis and cancer progression. However, the biological function of miR-141 in GBC has received less attention. The aim of this study was to estimate the potential value of the expression level of miR-141 as a diagnostic and prognostic blood-based biomarker in gallbladder cancer (GBC) patients. Read More

World J Surg Oncol 2022 Jun 15;20(1):201. Epub 2022 Jun 15.

Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.

Background: Fluorescent imaging may aid with the precise diagnosis and treatment of patients with gallbladder cancer. In this study, we sought to demonstrate whether the da Vinci® surgical system and Firefly™ camera could detect EGFR-targeted fluorescent images in orthotopic mouse models of gallbladder cancer.

Methods: An orthotopic mouse model of gallbladder cancer was created by injecting NOZ gallbladder cancer cells mixed with Matrigel into the gallbladder. Read More

Am J Clin Oncol 2022 07 19;45(7):306-315. Epub 2022 May 19.

School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Japan.

Objectives: Primary gallbladder cancer (GBC) is the most common biliary tract cancer with poor survival despite aggressive treatment. This study aimed to investigate the trends of GBC incidence and incidence-based mortality (IBM) over the last 4 decades.

Materials And Methods: GBC cases diagnosed between 1973 and 2015 were retrieved from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Read More

Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am 2022 Jul 11;32(3):427-453. Epub 2022 May 11.

Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana University Health-University Hospital, 550 North University Boulevard, Suite 1634, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.

Malignant hilar biliary obstruction (MHO), an aggressive perihilar biliary obstruction caused by cholangiocarcinoma, gallbladder cancer, or other metastatic malignancies, has a poor prognosis. Surgical resection is the only curative treatment method for biliary malignancies. However, most of the patients with MHO cannot undergo surgeries on presentation because of an advanced inoperable state or a poor performance state due to old age or comorbid diseases. Read More

World J Surg Oncol 2022 Jun 9;20(1):190. Epub 2022 Jun 9.

Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, 24 Jinghua road, Luoyang, 471000, China.

Background: Hepatopancreaticoduodenectomy (HPD) is one of the most complex procedures, and it is very rarely reported. Laparoscopic HPD (LHPD) is even rarer. To date, there are only 3 reports of LHPD for locally advanced gallbladder cancer (GBC) or extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC). Read More

Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2022 May 24. Epub 2022 May 24.

Department of Surgery, Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD 4215, Australia.

Background: Despite remarkable advances in surgical techniques and perioperative management, left hepatic trisectionectomy (LHT) remains a challenging procedure with a somewhat high postoperative morbidity rate compared with less-extensive resections. This study aimed to analyze the short- and long-term outcomes of LHT and identify factors associated with the postoperative morbidity of this technically demanding surgical procedure.

Methods: The medical records of 53 patients who underwent LHT between June 2005 and October 2019 at a single institution were retrospectively reviewed. Read More

JCO Precis Oncol 2022 Jun;6:e2100510

Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.

Purpose: Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) are aggressive cancers that carry a poor prognosis. An enhanced understanding of the immune landscape of anatomically and molecularly defined subsets of BTC may improve patient selection for immunotherapy and inform immune-based combination treatment strategies.

Methods: We analyzed deidentified clinical, genomic, and transcriptomic data from the Tempus database to determine the mutational frequency and mutational clustering across the three major BTC subtypes (intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma [IHC], extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, and gallbladder cancer). Read More

JCO Precis Oncol 2022 Jun;6:e2100274

Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ.

Purpose: This investigation sought to evaluate the prognostic value of pretreatment of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in metastatic biliary tract cancers (BTCs) treated with platinum-based first-line chemotherapy treatment.

Materials And Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 67 patients who underwent ctDNA testing before platinum-based chemotherapy for first-line treatment for metastatic BTC. For analysis, we considered the detected gene with highest variant allele frequency as the dominant clone allele frequency (DCAF). Read More

World J Gastroenterol 2022 May;28(18):1996-2007

Department of HPB and Liver Transplantation, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TH, United Kingdom.

Background: Incidental gallbladder cancer (IGBC) represents 50%-60% of gallbladder cancer cases. Data are conflicting on the role of IGBC diagnosis in oncological outcomes. Some studies suggest that IGBC diagnosis does not affect outcomes, while others that overall survival (OS) is longer in these cases compared to non-incidental diagnosis (NIGBC). Read More

Clin J Gastroenterol 2022 Jun 2. Epub 2022 Jun 2.

Department of Oncology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.

Neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) is a rare subtype of malignant gallbladder tumor. Although surgical resection is the only potentially curative therapy for gallbladder NEC, most cases are surgically unresectable because of advanced stage disease and/or biologically aggressive behavior. The standard palliative treatment for malignant gallbladder tumors is chemotherapy; however, the efficacy of chemoradiotherapy in the treatment of gallbladder tumors is controversial. Read More

Int J Surg Pathol 2022 May 29:10668969221102545. Epub 2022 May 29.

Department of Pathology, Japan Self-Defense Forces Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Adenomyomatous hyperplasia, a common non-neoplastic lesion in the gallbladder, is rarely identified in the extrahepatic bile duct. Typically, these lesions appear as a nodule or mural thickening/elevation. However, in exceptional circumstances, pedunculated/polypoid adenomyomatous lesion occurs in the biliary tract; two cases in the gallbladder and only one case in the common bile duct have been reported. Read More

BMC Microbiol 2022 May 27;22(1):147. Epub 2022 May 27.

Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, Japan.

Background: The microbial population of the intestinal tract and its relationship to specific diseases has been extensively studied during the past decade. However, reports characterizing the bile microbiota are rare. This study aims to investigate the microbiota composition in patients with pancreaticobiliary cancers and benign diseases by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and to evaluate its potential value as a biomarker for the cancer of the bile duct, pancreas, and gallbladder. Read More

Contrast Media Mol Imaging 2022 6;2022:5459779. Epub 2022 May 6.

Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401120, China.

To summarize the value of multislice spiral CT (MSCT) in the differential diagnosis of thick-wall gallbladder carcinoma (TWGC) and chronic cholecystitis (CC), the clinical data of 36 patients with TWGC and 60 patients with chronic cholecystitis who were treated in our hospital from January 2017 to May 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, and the CT image features and diagnostic accuracy of the patients were summarized. Compared with the CC group, the proportions of disruption of gallbladder mucosa line, blurred gallbladder outline, high obstruction of biliary tract, lymphomegaly, adjacent invasion, peritoneal effusion, wall nodules, and the gallbladder wall thickness in the TWGC group were higher, with statistical significance ( < 0.05). Read More

Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2022 May;25(5):401-411

Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Gastric Cancer Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.

The pattern of digestive tract reconstruction in radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer is still inconclusive. This study aims to compare mid-term and long-term quality of life after radical gastrectomy for distal gastric cancer between Billroth-I (B-I) and Billroth-II (B-II) reconstruction. A retrospective cohort study was conducted. Read More

Parasit Vectors 2022 May 19;15(1):172. Epub 2022 May 19.

Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, Jilin Province, China.

Background: Clonorchiasis, an infectious disease caused by the liver fluke Clonorchis sinensis, may lead to the development of liver and gallbladder diseases, and even cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). However, the pathogenesis, host-pathogen interaction, and diagnostic markers for clonorchiasis remain unclear.

Methods: Eighteen rabbits were randomly divided into control group (n = 9) and C. Read More

Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2022 May;68(5):664-669

University of Health Sciences Turkey, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Department of General Surgery - Istanbul, Turkey.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the prognostic effect of the tumor-stroma ratio, which has been shown to have prognostic value in various cancers, in patients with gallbladder cancer who have undergone curative resection.

Methods: The records of gallbladder cancer patients who underwent surgical treatment in our clinic between December 2005 and March 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. The hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections representing the tumors were evaluated under light microscopy to determine tumor-stroma ratio, and based on the results, <50% was defined as the stroma-rich and ≥50% as the stroma-poor groups. Read More

J Surg Oncol 2022 May 16. Epub 2022 May 16.

Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.

Background: As minimally invasive surgery (MIS) approaches to biliary tract cancers become more commonplace, understanding the adequacy of their oncologic performance is key.

Methods: The National Cancer Database 2010-2016 was queried for patients who underwent hepatectomy for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHC) and T1b or more advanced gallbladder cancer (GBC). Patients were grouped by approach: open (OA), laparoscopic (LA), and robotic (RA). Read More

Virchows Arch 2022 May 13. Epub 2022 May 13.

Institute of Pathology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Studničkova 2, 12800, Prague 2, Czech Republic.

We assessed the value of cytokeratin 17 (CK17) expression for the differential diagnosis between primary ovarian mucinous tumors and metastases from the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and the significance of CK17 expression in a broad spectrum of primary ovarian tumors with respect to their prognosis. The sample set consisted of 554 primary ovarian tumors and 255 GIT tumors. In the primary ovarian tumors, a higher CK17 expression (in > 10% of tumors cells) was present only in 0-11. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2022 05 12;15(5). Epub 2022 May 12.

Hematology/Oncology, Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA.

Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2022 Apr;47(7):1739-1753

China-ASEAN Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Traditional Medicine Research, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanning 530200, China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica Nanning 530200, China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Rheumatism Prescription Theory and Transformation Nanning 530200, China Guangxi Scientific Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nanning 530200, China.

Curcuma kwangsiensis root tuber is a widely used genuine medicinal material in Guangxi, with the main active components of terpenoids and curcumins. It has the effects of promoting blood circulation to relieve pain, moving Qi to relieve depression, clearing heart and cooling blood, promoting gallbladder function and anti-icterus. Modern research has proved its functions in liver protection, anti-tumor, anti-oxidation, blood lipid reduction and immunosuppression. Read More

Hepatol Int 2022 Jun 9;16(3):712-727. Epub 2022 May 9.

Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University Medical College, Seoul, Korea.

Background And Purpose: The benefits of adjuvant radiotherapy (ART) in gallbladder cancer (GBC) treatment remain inconclusive owing to the rarity of GBC and lack of randomized studies.

Methods: PubMed, Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched until March 2021. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). Read More

Indian J Med Res 2021 05;154(5):699-706

Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Background & Objectives: A high incidence of gallbladder cancer (GBC) is observed in northern India. This study was aimed to identify the factors involved in developing GBC in this region.

Methods: A gallstones-matched, case-control study was conducted in northern India. Read More

Gastrointest Tumors 2022 Mar 18;9(1):5-11. Epub 2021 Nov 18.

Department of Surgical Gastroenterology & HPB Surgery, Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India.

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) of the gallbladder or the biliary tree are rare. Most of the current guidelines and protocols are derived from the experience of managing lung small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma or gastrointestinal NETs. But, the overall outcome of gallbladder NETs (GB-NETs) seems worse than similarly staged lung NETs and adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder. Read More

Cureus 2022 Apr 4;14(4):e23799. Epub 2022 Apr 4.

General Surgery, Asklipieio Voulas Hospital, Athens, GRC.

Primary lymphoma of the gallbladder (GB) is a rare condition, and very few cases have been reported so far. Diagnosis is usually made after surgery of suspicious GB mass, which is often difficult to differentiate from GB carcinoma. The GB wall does not contain lymphoid tissue, and tumors arise at the submucosal layer. Read More

J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci 2022 May 5. Epub 2022 May 5.

Center for Gastroenterology, Teine Keijinkai Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.

Gut Liver 2022 05;16(3):465-473

Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.

Background/aims: Contradictory findings on the association between cholecystectomy and cancer have been reported. We aimed to investigate the risk of all types of cancers or site-specific cancers in patients who underwent cholecystectomy using a nationwide dataset.

Methods: Subjects who underwent cholecystectomy from January 1, 2007, to December 31, 2014, who were older than 20 years and who underwent an initial baseline health check-up within 2 years were enrolled. Read More