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Clin Orthop Relat Res 2021 Jun 24. Epub 2021 Jun 24.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Scripps Mercy Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA.

Background: Lower extremity fractures represent a high percentage of reported injuries in the United States military and can devastate a service member's career. A passive dynamic ankle-foot orthosis (PD-AFO) with a specialized rehabilitation program was initially designed to treat military service members after complex battlefield lower extremity injuries, returning a select group of motivated individuals back to running. For high-demand users of the PD-AFO, the spatiotemporal gait parameters, agility, and quality of life is not fully understood with respect to uninjured runners. Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2021 Jun 17;84:106076. Epub 2021 Jun 17.

Department of Neurosurgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Recreation and Healthcare Management, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan. Electronic address:

Background: Iatrogenic pseudoaneurysms in scalp vessels are an uncommon complication after cranial surgery. This paper reports a case of scalp pseudoaneurysm in the superficial temporal artery (STA) after forceful hook retraction in craniectomy and reviews the relevant literature.

Case Description: A 36-year-old man with history of hypertension and depression presented to the emergency department with head injury after using sedation medication. Read More

Br J Radiol 2021 Jul;94(1123):20210435

Google Health (G.E.D., Y.L., D.T., S.S.), Stanford Health Care and Palo Alto Veterans Affairs (J.J.R.), California, California, USA.

Objective: Demonstrate the importance of combining multiple readers' opinions, in a context-aware manner, when establishing the reference standard for validation of artificial intelligence (AI) applications for, chest radiographs. By comparing individual readers, majority vote of a panel, and panel-based discussion, we identify methods which maximize interobserver agreement and label reproducibility.

Methods: 1100 frontal chest radiographs were evaluated for 6 findings: airspace opacity, cardiomegaly, pulmonary edema, fracture, nodules, and pneumothorax. Read More

World J Emerg Med 2021 ;12(3):179-184

Department of Emergency, the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.

Background: Neuroendocrine dysfunction after traumatic brain injury (TBI) has received increased attention due to its impact on the recovery of neural function. The purpose of this study is to investigate the incidence and risk factors of adrenocortical insufficiency (AI) after TBI to reveal independent predictors and build a prediction model of AI after TBI.

Methods: Enrolled patients were grouped into the AI and non-AI groups. Read More

Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2021 Jun 9. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Department of Forensic Medicine and Imaging, Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190/52, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland.

The computed tomography (CT) scan of a 19-year-old man who died from an occipito-frontal gunshot wound presented an impressive radiating fracture line where the entire sagittal suture burst due to the high intracranial pressure that arose from a near-contact shot from a 9 mm bullet fired from a Glock 17 pistol. Photorealistic depictions of the radiating fracture lines along the cranial bones were created using three-dimensional reconstruction methods, such as the novel cinematic rendering technique that simulates the propagation and interaction of light when it passes through volumetric data. Since the brain had collapsed, depiction of soft tissue was insufficient on CT images. Read More

Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021 Jun 8. Epub 2021 Jun 8.

Department of Dentistry, Institute of Postgraduate Education, O. Bogomolets National Medical University, 34, Peremohy Avenue, the 2nd floor of the "physical-chemical" building, Kyiv, Ukraine.

Purpose: Identify the most common concomitant injuries associated with facial trauma, and compare the efficacy of various scoring systems in estimation of mortality risks in this category of patients.

Methods: The study evaluated patients with facial and concomitant injuries, who received the multidisciplinary treatment in a specialized trauma hospital. Values of New Injury Severity Score, Glasgow Coma Scale, Facial Injury Severity Scale, age, and length of hospital stay were statistically analysed to determine presence of relationships between these indicators and define factors that significantly associated with lethal outcome. Read More

J Clin Med 2021 May 28;10(11). Epub 2021 May 28.

Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, CHU de Toulouse, 31300 Toulouse, France.

The Fitbone motorized nail system has been used to correct limb length discrepancies (LLD) for several years. This study focuses on its application in posttraumatic limb lengthening surgery, its outcome and challenges.

Materials And Methods: A prospective, single center study was conducted between 2010 and 2019 in patients treated with motorized lengthening nails. Read More

J Orthop Translat 2021 May 5;28:169-178. Epub 2021 May 5.

Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

Purpose: In clinics, chest frontal view radiograph (CFR) is often taken for patients suspected of respiratory diseases and for assessing the heart and big vessels. CFR can be utilised to opportunistically detect osteoporotic vertebral fracture (OVF). However, for standard CFR, the site of highest OVF prevalence, i. Read More

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2021 May 24. Epub 2021 May 24.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.

Purpose: To report our experience using endoscopic intranasal incision reduction (EIIR) for nasal fractures and to assess effectiveness of the method.

Methods: 30 patients who underwent EIIR were retrospectively analysed. All the patients were examined by three-dimensional computed tomography (3D CT), acoustic rhinometry and rhinomanometry, preoperatively and postoperatively at 1 month. Read More

Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr 2021 Jun 27;14(2):162-166. Epub 2020 Aug 27.

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Mark O. Hatfield Research Center, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA.

Study Design: A case report.

Objective: To describe a modification of percutaneous reduction of frontal sinus and/or naso-orbito-ethmoid (NOE) fractures, adding an endonasal intercartilaginous incision to provide a second vector of manipulation.

Methods: Case report with particular attention paid to surgical technique, followed by a brief review of relevant literature. Read More

Korean J Neurotrauma 2021 Apr 14;17(1):25-33. Epub 2021 Apr 14.

Department of Neurosurgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea.

Objective: A displaced fracture in the anterior cranial base may be complicated by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea and enophthalmos. This study introduces a reconstruction technique with direct dural repair and reduction and fixation of the autologous fractured fragments.

Methods: Displaced fractures in the anterior cranial base were reconstructed using a stitching-up technique: A bicoronal scalp incision and frontal craniotomy was performed and the displaced bone was withdrawn. Read More

Korean J Neurotrauma 2021 Apr 18;17(1):15-24. Epub 2021 Mar 18.

Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kasr Al-Ainy Medical College, Cairo, Egypt.

Objective: Analysis of our traumatic brain injury data, reviewing current literatures and assessing planning valuable decision making in frontal sinus fracture for young neurosurgeons.

Methods: Hospital data base for head trauma was retrieved after board permission for retrospective analysis of cases admitted from 2010-2020. Patients with frontal sinus fractures and head trauma were identified according to a flow chart. Read More

Int J Emerg Med 2021 Apr 23;14(1):25. Epub 2021 Apr 23.

Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran - Dr Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia.

Background: Tetanus is a rare disease caused by Clostridium tetani, which produces tetanolysin and tetanospasmin. In 2018, there were only approximately ten tetanus cases reported in Indonesia. Despite widespread vaccination, especially in low-middle-income countries, tetanus still occurs (mostly in adults) due to the lack of immunization related to religious tenets, cultural belief, or inaccessibility to medical care. Read More

Ann Plast Surg 2021 Jun;86(6S Suppl 5):S550-S554

Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.

Introduction: In the last decade, we have seen a steady increase in the incidence of frontal sinus trauma due to gunshot wounds and a decrease in motor vehicle trauma. Penetrating gunshot wounds to the frontal sinus present a unique challenge to the reconstructive surgeon because they require careful consideration of the management principles of plastic surgery. Despite previous reviews on frontal sinus trauma, there are no studies examining the management techniques of frontal sinus fractures due specifically to gunshot wounds. Read More

Eur Spine J 2021 Apr 21. Epub 2021 Apr 21.

Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique Pédiatrique, Hôpital Gatien de Clocheville, CHRU de Tours, Tours, 37044 Tours Cedex 9, France.

Purpose: To report an original technique for the surgical correction of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) based on hybrid construct using polyester bands placed under the thoracic transverse processes.

Methods: We reviewed 105 patients operated between 2013 to 2017 for AIS with a minimum of 2 years follow-up. Clinical and radiological data, including 2D measurements of scoliosis parameters preoperatively, and at 3- and 24-months postoperatively were analyzed. Read More

J Laryngol Otol 2021 May 21;135(5):448-451. Epub 2021 Apr 21.

Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel.

Objective: The long-term clinical and radiological outcomes of patients surgically treated for frontal sinus fracture were assessed.

Methods: A retrospective, single-centre analysis was conducted of patients treated for frontal sinus fracture in a tertiary trauma centre between 2000 and 2017. Patients who underwent surgical repair for frontal sinus fracture followed by clinical and radiographical evaluation for at least six months were included. Read More

J Craniofac Surg 2021 Jun;32(4):1500-1503

College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract: Oral and maxillofacial fractures are the most common injuries among multiple trauma. About 5% to 10% of trauma patients having facial fractures. The objectives of this case study are to focus the most common mid-face fractures types' and to determine the relationship of the midface fracture in maxillofacial trauma among the patient who attended the outpatient clinic in a Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. Read More

World J Plast Surg 2021 Jan;10(1):71-77

Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.

Background: Mandibular fracture is considered the second most common facial fracture worldwide. We aimed to evaluate the epidemiology of mandibular fractures in traumatic patients hospitalized at Velayat Teaching Hospital in Rasht, Iran for 6-year.

Methods: In this retrospective study, all traumatic patients with mandibular fractures admitted to Velayat Teaching Hospital, Rasht, northern Iran for 6-year (2013-18) were enrolled. Read More

Acad Forensic Pathol 2020 Dec 12;10(3-4):158-165. Epub 2021 Feb 12.

Introduction: Investigation into explosions is one of the major areas in forensic medicine and pathology. Medico legal issues associated with these deaths are diverse and forensic experts are often expected to make clarifications. Assistance of a methodical scientific investigation of such a death in evaluation of unanswered medico legal issues, of an autopsy of one of the victims of Easter Sunday explosions is discussed. Read More

J Craniofac Surg 2021 05;32(Suppl 3):1246-1250

Division of Plastic, Aesthetic, and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL.

Abstract: In spite of a long and tortuous history of the acute management of frontal sinus fractures, current optimal management remains steeped in controversy. These fractures are frequently produced by excessive forces and are often accompanied with other injuries. However, disruption of the nasofrontal duct persists as essential to maintain proper sinus function and should guide current management. Read More

Trauma Case Rep 2021 Apr 11;32:100451. Epub 2021 Mar 11.

Traumatology and General Orthopaedic Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Careggi, Firenze, Italy.

Traumatic hip dislocations typically result of high-energy trauma and frequently involve young patients. The obturator dislocation is not a common condition and rarely combined with acetabular fracture. We report a rare case of a 48-year-old male patient with a trauma of the left hip following a car-vs-car frontal accident. Read More

Eur Radiol 2021 Mar 19. Epub 2021 Mar 19.

University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Clinic of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031, Basel, Switzerland.

Objectives: To evaluate the performance of a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) in detecting and classifying distal radius fractures, metal, and cast on radiographs using labels based on radiology reports. The secondary aim was to evaluate the effect of the training set size on the algorithm's performance.

Methods: A total of 15,775 frontal and lateral radiographs, corresponding radiology reports, and a ResNet18 DCNN were used. Read More

J Craniofac Surg 2021 Jun;32(4):1615-1618

Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Background: Traumatic frontal fractures result from high force injuries and can result in significant morbidity and mortality. The purpose of the current study is to evaluate our Montreal General Hospital (MGH) experience with frontal bone fractures.

Methods: A comprehensive review of our trauma database was performed. Read More

Cesk Slov Oftalmol 2021 ;77(1):45-48

Orbital fractures may be accompanied with severe damage of the eye bulb and other intraorbital tissues. Early clinical findings can be very mild, therefore it is vital to actively seek not only for any damage done to the soft tissues of the orbit, but also for extraorbital complications such as liquorrhea or meningitis. We report a relatively rare case of blow-in fracture of orbital roof in eleven years old boy. Read More

Geriatr Orthop Surg Rehabil 2021 25;12:2151459321998611. Epub 2021 Feb 25.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.

Introduction: The failure rate of operations involving the cephalomedullary nail technique for unstable femoral trochanteric fractures is 3-12%. Changing the reduction strategy may improve the stability. This study aimed to confirm whether reducing the proximal fragment with the medial calcar contact, as opposed to utilizing an intramedullary reduction, would improve the stability of such fractures. Read More

J Neurosurg Pediatr 2021 Mar 12:1-5. Epub 2021 Mar 12.

8Pediatric Surgery, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California.

Objective: The authors sought to evaluate the contemporary management of pediatric open skull fractures and assess the impact of variations in antibiotic and operative management on the incidence of infectious complications.

Methods: The records of children who presented from 2009 to 2017 to 6 pediatric trauma centers with an open calvarial skull fracture were reviewed. Data collected included mechanism and anatomical site of injury; presence and depth of fracture depression; antibiotic choice, route, and duration; operative management; and infectious complications. Read More

Asian J Neurosurg 2020 Oct-Dec;15(4):1076-1080. Epub 2020 Oct 19.

Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia.

Main management for the frontal sinus fracture is using the pericranial flap. Pericranial flaps based on the supraorbital and supratrochlear vasculature have previously been used with significant success for the separation of intracranial and extracranial spaces after major trauma. Defect closure was modified due to lack of the frontal periosteum; the graft was made from the temporal side of periosteum to make primary periosteal flap longer. Read More

Ann Maxillofac Surg 2020 Jul-Dec;10(2):495-500. Epub 2020 Jul 2.

School of Dentistry, University Center of Patos de Minas, Patos de Minas, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Trauma in the face region has a very varied etiology and can be associated with several important structures. Isolated fractures in the orbit region correspond to about 4 to 16% of all facial fractures and this incidence increases to 30 to 55% if we take into account fractures that expand to extraorbital regions. The present clinical report aims to describe the case of a male patient, 21-years-old, victim of a motorcycle accident with facial trauma and traumatic brain injury due to frontal collision. Read More

J Craniofac Surg 2021 Mar 1. Epub 2021 Mar 1.

Discipline of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery and Orthopedic, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP) Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, Brazil.

Abstract: Soccer is one of the most popular sports in the world. Despite the concept that soccer is not a violent game, it can lead to several injuries in amateur and professional settings, including facial fractures. Previous studies of facial fractures in soccer were all retrospective and, to date, no prospective studies are available in the literature. Read More