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Int Orthop 2022 May 20. Epub 2022 May 20.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada.

Purpose: Treatment of symptomatic developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) requires a technically demanding total hip arthroplasty (THA) reconstruction. In patients with DDH, prostheses can be difficult to implant and often face the risk of fracture, mismatch, and loosening. The Wagner Cone Prosthesis™ is a tapered, conical stem which can improve treatment success in this population. Read More

J Endocrinol Invest 2022 May 19. Epub 2022 May 19.

Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico di Modena, Ospedale Civile di Baggiovara, Modena, Italy.

Purpose: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) lockdowns have impacted on management of osteoporosis and the use of telemedicine is increasingly widespread albeit supported by little evidence so far. The aim of the study is to assess adherence to denosumab and incidence of non-traumatic fractures during the lockdown compared to the pre-COVID-19 year and to explore the effectiveness of telemedicine in the management of osteoporotic patients.

Methods: Retrospective, longitudinal, single-center study on patients receiving subcutaneous denosumab therapy every 6 months. Read More

N Am Spine Soc J 2022 Jun 30;10:100119. Epub 2022 Apr 30.

Department of Neurosurgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.

Background: Bicyclists are vulnerable road users. The aim of this paper was to describe all bicycle-related traumatic cervical spine injuries (CSIs) in the South-East region of Norway (2015-2019), and to investigate whether certain types of CSIs are typical for bicyclists.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of prospectively collected registry data of all CSIs in the South-East region of Norway (3. Read More

Traffic Inj Prev 2022 May 18:1-6. Epub 2022 May 18.

ProBiomechanics LLC, Bloomfield Hills, Michigan.

Objective: Field data was analyzed to assess the risk of basilar, skull and facial fractures in 2 row occupants by crash type. The study determined the rate of fractures in seriously injured (MAIS 3 + F) occupants to establish priorities for 2 row occupant safety.

Methods: Field accident data on seriously injured (MAIS 3+) occupants was determined using 1993-2015 NASS-CDS and 2017-19 CISS by crash type identified with damage area variables for non-ejected occupants in the 2 row. Read More

Pediatr Radiol 2022 May 17. Epub 2022 May 17.

Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave., Boston, MA, 02115, USA.

Background: In infant abuse investigations, dating of skeletal injuries from radiographs is desirable to reach a clear timeline of traumatic events. Prior studies have used infant birth-related clavicle fractures as a surrogate to develop a framework for dating of abuse-related fractures.

Objective: To develop and train a deep learning algorithm that can accurately date infant birth-related clavicle fractures. Read More

J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2022 Apr-Jun;34(2):341-344

Physiotherapist trauma and Orthopaedic Department, Princess Royal Hospital, United Kingdom.

Background: Virtual fracture clinics (VFC) have been shown to be a safe and cost-effective way of managing outpatient referrals to the orthopaedic department. During the coronavirus pandemic there has been a push to reduce unnecessary patient contact whilst maintaining patient safety.

Methods: A protocol was developed by the clinical team in collaboration with Advanced Physiotherapy Practitioners (APP) on how to manage common musculoskeletal presentations to A&E prior to COVID as part of routine service development. Read More

Trauma Case Rep 2022 Jun 27;39:100648. Epub 2022 Apr 27.

University of Nebraska Medical Center, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 981225 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-1225, United States of America.

Background: Blunt trauma to the face, head and neck is frequently encountered in violent assaults (Brink, 2009 [1]). There can be trauma to the cranium in high energy mechanisms, though interpersonal trauma is less likely to be associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI) (Salentijn et al., 2014 [2]). Read More

Sci Rep 2022 May 14;12(1):7994. Epub 2022 May 14.

School of Energy and Mining Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.

Starting from the source of mining, scientific understanding of surface damage law and assessment method in longwall mining of shallow coal seam is conducive to solving the problems of geological hazards and deterioration of the ecological environment, and promoting the coordinated development of efficient coal mining and environmental protection. Based on numerical simulation and theoretical analysis, the surface damage process and spatiotemporal evolution of fracture field are discussed. The influencing factors and assessment method of surface damage are clarified. Read More

J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg 2022 May 8. Epub 2022 May 8.

Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, General Surgery Dpt., Faculty of Medicine, Sohag Uni-versity, Sohag, Egypt.

Background/aim: The World Oral Maxillofacial Trauma (WORMAT) project was performed to analyse the causes and characteristics of maxillofacial fractures managed in 14 maxillofacial surgery divisions over a 1-year period.

Methods: The following data were collected: age, sex, cause and mechanism of maxillofacial fracture, alcohol and/or drug abuse at the time of trauma, fracture site, Facial Injury Severity Scale score (FISS), associated injury, day of trauma, timing and type of treatment, and length of hospitalisation. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software. Read More

Trauma Surg Acute Care Open 2022 24;7(1):e000899. Epub 2022 Apr 24.

Department of Radiology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA.

Background: Facial injuries are common in children with blunt trauma. Most are soft tissue lacerations and dental injuries readily apparent on clinical examination. Fractures requiring operative intervention are rare. Read More

Cureus 2022 Apr 4;14(4):e23807. Epub 2022 Apr 4.

Orthopaedic Surgery, Dr D.Y Patil Medical College and Hospital, Pune, IND.

Introduction A history of fracture is a well-documented risk factor for sustaining future falls and subsequent fractures in geriatric patients. Orthopedic surgeons advocate various lifestyle modifications to reduce the risk of sustaining a recurrent fracture in this vulnerable group. However, it has been observed that patients seldom adhere to this advice and the rate of fragility fractures has thus continued to rise in this vulnerable subset of the population. Read More

Cureus 2022 Apr 1;14(4):e23727. Epub 2022 Apr 1.

Department of Orthopedics, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kolar, IND.

Background: Orthopedic surgeons face a difficult task in treating serious open fractures, which usually result in complications, morbidity, and even amputation. Compound fracture wounds were traditionally treated with a standard saline dressing. To avoid infection and problems during therapy, several studies found that open fractures require early skeletal stability as well as soft tissue repair. Read More

Wellcome Open Res 2021 13;6:228. Epub 2021 Sep 13.

Public Health, Malawi-Liverpool Wellcome Trust, Blantyre, P.O.Box 30096, Malawi.

: Road traffic injury (RTI) is the largest cause of death amongst 15-39-year-old people worldwide, and the burden of injuries such as open tibia fractures are rapidly increasing in Malawi. This study aims to investigate disability and economic outcomes of people with open tibia fractures in Malawi and improve these with locally delivered implementation of open fracture guidelines. : This is a prospective cohort study describing function, quality of life and economic burden of open tibia fractures in Malawi. Read More

Sports Health 2022 May 2:19417381221092024. Epub 2022 May 2.

Sports Medicine Institute Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York.

Background: Professional baseball pitchers sustain 75% of knee injuries while at the pitcher's mound, yet no pitching motion has been associated directly with such injuries. Stride width is a potential, modifiable risk factor worth investigating.

Hypothesis: Increased stride width in both the positive and negative directions (deviations from neutral stride width) would correlate with increased incidence of knee injury in pitchers. Read More

Adv Orthop 2022 22;2022:3747698. Epub 2022 Apr 22.

Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.

Background: Fracture continues to be a major public health concern in many parts of the developing world that results in several consequences and complications including lifelong morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to assess clinical outcomes of patients following fracture in Debre Markos Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, North West Ethiopia.

Methods: An institution-based prospective cohort study was conducted from November 2020 to July 2021 among 207 fracture patients (69 visited traditional bone setter and 138 did not visit traditional bone setter). Read More

Oral Maxillofac Surg 2022 Apr 30. Epub 2022 Apr 30.

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify which patient-level factors, if any, influence the risk of infection following dog bite wounds to the face.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted using the Kids' Inpatient Database (KID). The primary predictor variable was the type of facial injury. Read More

Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2022 Apr 28:1-24. Epub 2022 Apr 28.

Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, China (Academy of Forensic Science), Shanghai, China.

Skull fracture and brain injury are frequent head injuries in electric two-wheeler (ETW) accidents, and the type of helmet and impact conditions affect the effectiveness of the helmet in protecting the rider's head. The purpose of this study was to conduct in-depth reconstructions of rider's head-to-ground impacts in ten ETW accidents by using a multi-body system combined with a finite element approach and to evaluate the effect of two typical full-face helmets (FFH) and one half-coverage helmet (HCH) through head accelerations and intracranial biomechanics injury metrics in ground impacts. The results showed that all three helmets reduced the risk of skull fracture in most cases, however, FFH performed better due to its wider protection area. Read More

Dent Traumatol 2022 Apr 28. Epub 2022 Apr 28.

Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway.

Background/aim: The mandible makes up a substantial part of the lower face, and is susceptible to injury. Even in helmeted cyclists, accidents may lead to fractures of the mandible because conventional helmets provide little protection to the lower part of the face. In addition, some studies indicate that helmets may lead to an increased risk of mandibular fractures. Read More

Arch Osteoporos 2022 Apr 26;17(1):72. Epub 2022 Apr 26.

Clinical Research Centre, Taiping Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Perak, Malaysia.

We surveyed primary care physicians in Malaysia for their knowledge, attitude and practice in screening and managing osteoporosis. We found a low level of screening and active management of osteoporosis in the primary care setting despite positive attitudes towards them. We advocate for the active management of osteoporosis at the primary care level. Read More

Paediatr Int Child Health 2022 Apr 22:1-10. Epub 2022 Apr 22.

Institute of Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.

Background: Musculoskeletal diseases (MSD) are a major contributor to the global burden of disease and disability, and disproportionally affect low- and middle-income countries; however, there is a dearth of epidemiological data. Affected children often face increased morbidity, social isolation and economic hardship.

Aim: To assess the spectrum and burden of paediatric MSD in children aged 5-18 years admitted to a major referral hospital in Tanzania. Read More

HIV Med 2022 Apr 19. Epub 2022 Apr 19.

Geriatric Medicine Department, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.

Background: People living with HIV face a variety of challenges, including accelerated ageing and geriatric syndromes. In this study, we aimed to examine the prevalence of frailty and sarcopenia among Turkish people living with HIV.

Methods: In total, 100 people living with HIV were recruited in this study. Read More

Sci Rep 2022 Apr 13;12(1):6184. Epub 2022 Apr 13.

Institute of Mining Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014010, Inner Mongolia, China.

This paper analyzes the instability movement characteristics of overburden in shallow thick coal seam mining and its influence on the development and distribution of fault fractures. The similarity simulation experiment and theoretical analysis were combined based on the classification of the occurrence characteristics of the key bearing layer in the overburden rock of shallow thick seam mining. This study investigated the fracture characteristics and the instability motion mode of the key bearing layer in shallow thick seam mining and their effects on the distribution of fissures in the overburden rock. Read More

J Paediatr Child Health 2022 Apr 12. Epub 2022 Apr 12.

Division of Pediatric Emergency and Transport Services, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.

Aim: To determine the characteristics of balance bike injuries.

Methods: This study retrospectively identified patients injured while riding a balance bike and treated at one paediatric emergency department in urban Japan, from February 2015 to July 2020. Data extracted were patient age and sex, circumstances and location of the injury occurrence, helmet use, adult supervision, injury type and body site, treatment and emergency department disposition. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 04 1;19(7). Epub 2022 Apr 1.

Department of Fashion Design and Merchandising, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Korea.

Considering the increasing popularity of ice hockey in South Korea, types of injuries and protective equipment for amateur club members need to be further studied. The purpose of the study is to investigate various injuries and protective equipment used by amateur players and to analyze different risk factors by collecting information on areas of injury and their mechanisms. The online survey for 102 participants was designed to address the general information of participants, types of injuries, information about ice hockey equipment, and open-ended questions about injuries and equipment. Read More

Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022 24;10:831595. Epub 2022 Mar 24.

Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States.

This paper reports on the latest refinement of the Finite Element Global Human Body Models Consortium 50th percentile (GHBMC M50) adult male head model by the development and incorporation of a new material model into the white matter tissue of the brain. The white matter is represented by an anisotropic visco-hyperelastic material model capable of simulating direction-dependent response of the brain tissue to further improve the bio-fidelity and injury predictive capability of the model. The parameters representing the material were optimized by comparing model responses to seven experimentally reported strain responses of brains of postmortem human subjects (PMHS) subjected to head impact. Read More

PLoS One 2022 7;17(4):e0266241. Epub 2022 Apr 7.

School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.

The impact-induced fragmentation of rock is widely and frequently encountered when natural hazards occur in mountainous areas. This type of fragmentation is an important and complex natural process that should be described. In this study, laboratory impact tests under different impact velocities were first conducted using a novel gas-driven rock impact apparatus. Read More

Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2022 Jun 6;17(6):1115-1124. Epub 2022 Apr 6.

Centre de Recherche en Information Biomédicale Sino-Francais, Inserm, University of Rennes 1, 35042, Rennes, France.

Purpose: Clinical rib fracture diagnosis via computed tomography (CT) screening has attracted much attention in recent years. However, automated and accurate segmentation solutions remain a challenging task due to the large sets of 3D CT data to deal with. Down-sampling is often required to face computer constraints, but the performance of the segmentation may decrease in this case. Read More

Prim Dent J 2022 Mar;11(1):66-71

Senior Lecturer/Honorary Consultant in Oral Surgery at University Dental Hospital Manchester, Manchester, UK.

This article details the unusual presentation of an oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) referred to secondary care during the COVID-19 pandemic. The patient's chief complaints were trismus and pain from a lower left partially erupted third molar, which was assumed to be pericoronitis-related on referral. Intra-oral examination was difficult due to the patient's symptoms, but radiographic assessment of an orthopantomogram (OPG) showed a pathological fracture and poorly defined radiolucency in the lower left third molar region. Read More

J Biomech Eng 2022 Sep;144(9)

Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada.

Ballistic shields are used by military and police members in dangerous situations to protect the user against threats such as gunfire. When struck, the shield material deforms to absorb the incoming kinetic energy of the projectile. If the rapid back-face deformation contacts the arm, it can potentially impart a large force, leading to injury risk, termed behind armor blunt trauma (BABT). Read More

Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2022 20;14:1759720X221083541. Epub 2022 Mar 20.

Rheumatology Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.

Patients living with osteoporosis are projected to increase dramatically in the next decade. Alongside the forecasted increased societal and economic burden, we will live a crisis of fractures. However, we will have novel pharmacological treatment to face this crisis and, more importantly, new optimized treatment strategies. Read More