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Arch Craniofac Surg 2022 Apr 30;23(2):83-88. Epub 2022 Mar 30.

International Aesthetic Medical Center, E-Da Dachang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

Nevus sebaceous of Jadassohn is a congenital cutaneous hamartoma with epidermal, sebaceous, follicular, and apocrine structures that usually appears at birth or in early childhood. It has the potential to generate a variety of secondary neoplasms of different lineages, and the risk increases with patient age. Although multiple neoplasms may occasionally arise within the same lesion, the coexistence of more than five secondary tumors is extremely rare. Read More

J Ovarian Res 2021 Dec 11;14(1):173. Epub 2021 Dec 11.

Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, West Indies, Trinidad and Tobago.

Introduction: The hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis is the principal regulator of the reproductive system. The neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus signal the basophilic cells of the anterior pituitary to release luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), which bind to the granulosa and theca cells of a follicle in the ovary to promote healthy follicular development. Disruption of this process at any time can lead to polycystic ovaries and, if left untreated, can lead to Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), one of the leading causes of infertility. Read More

Australas J Dermatol 2022 02 10;63(1):133-135. Epub 2021 Nov 10.

Melanoma Institute Australia, Wollstonecraft, NSW, Australia.

Reprod Toxicol 2021 09 2;104:85-95. Epub 2021 Jul 2.

Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany.

Isotretinoin (13-cis-retinoic acid), a derivative of vitamin A, is used in the treatment of severe acne resulting in sebum suppression induced by sebocyte apoptosis. Isotretinoin treatment is associated with several adverse effects including teratogenicity, hepatotoxicity, and dyslipidemia. Isotretinoin's effects on endocrine systems and its potential role as an endocrine disruptor are not yet adequately investigated. Read More

Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2021 Aug 18;124:104961. Epub 2021 May 18.

Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA. Electronic address:

Ethyl acrylate (EA) was classified by IARC as a Group-2B Carcinogen based, in part, on data suggesting increased incidence of thyroid neoplasia in rats and mice exposed chronically to EA vapors. We examined chronic exposure of rats and mice to EA vapors, evaluated the data on the incidence of thyroid follicular neoplasia, and determined the relevance of thyroid tumors to human health risk. The data revealed a small statistically significant increase in thyroid tumors in EA-exposed male rats and mice. Read More

J Assist Reprod Genet 2021 May 16;38(5):1231-1237. Epub 2021 Feb 16.

The International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China.

Purpose: Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) plays a crucial role in cumulus expansion and fertilization. The ovarian PTX3 level in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) remains uncertain. In the present study, we investigated the follicular PTX3 levels and found the influence of reproductive hormones on ovarian PTX3 concentration. Read More

J Cutan Pathol 2021 Jul 9;48(7):884-895. Epub 2021 Mar 9.

Department of Pathology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.

Background: Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a rare genodermatosis with a lifelong propensity to develop malignant skin tumors.

Methods: In this retrospective study, 24 XP patients were evaluated with regard to frequency and clinicopathological features of benign and malignant skin tumors.

Results: Seventeen patients had at least one malignant skin tumor diagnosed: basal cell carcinoma (BCC) in 13 patients (n = 72), basosquamous carcinoma in three patients (n = 4), squamous cell carcinoma in six patients (n = 13), keratoacanthoma in three patients (n = 15), and melanoma in six patients (n = 18). Read More

BMC Vet Res 2020 Oct 31;16(1):414. Epub 2020 Oct 31.

College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Inner Mongolia, 010010, Hohhot, China.

Background: Congenital goiter is a common thyroid metabolic disorder characterized by low levels of thyroid hormone, subsequent secretion of excess thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) from the pituitary gland, and compensatory hyperplasia of the glands. The presence of signet ring cells (SRCs) does not provide sufficient evidence for the diagnosis of a thyroid tumor, making histopathological diagnosis challenging. In addition, SRCs can also appear in congenital goiter. Read More

J Cutan Pathol 2021 Jan 16;48(1):184-191. Epub 2020 Oct 16.

Kossard Dermatopathologists, Laverty Pathology, Macquarie Park, New South Wales, Australia.

Keratoacanthomas (KAs) are distinctive tumors that are defined by their clinical and histopathological features. Their relationship and distinction from squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), however, remain controversial. All cytogenic and immunohistochemical markers that have been applied in this quest have failed. Read More

Am J Obstet Gynecol 2021 01 20;224(1):72.e1-72.e50. Epub 2020 Jul 20.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Rochester, MN.

Background: Uterine fibroids are one of the most common neoplasms found among women globally, with a prevalence of approximately 11 million women in the United States alone. The morbidity of this common disease is significant because it is the leading cause of hysterectomy and causes significant functional impairment for women of reproductive age. Factors including age, body mass index, race, ethnicity, menstrual blood loss, fibroid location, and uterine and fibroid volume influence the incidence of fibroids and severity of symptoms. Read More

Endocr Pathol 2020 Sep 6;31(3):315-319. Epub 2020 Jul 6.

Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2020 Mar 13;2020. Epub 2020 Mar 13.

Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine.

Summary: Papillary thyroid gland carcinoma is the most common type of malignancy of the endocrine system. Metastases to the pituitary gland have been described as a complication of papillary thyroid cancer in few reported cases since 1965. We report the case of a 68-year-old female patient with a well-differentiated form of thyroid gland cancer. Read More

J Invest Dermatol 2020 08 25;140(8):1556-1565.e11. Epub 2020 Jan 25.

Department of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany. Electronic address:

We analyzed the role of WIF1 in normal and acanthotic epidermis of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) or all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA)-treated and basal cell carcinoma (BCC)-bearing mice. WIF1 protein is located in the follicular infundibulum and interfollicular epidermis (IFE) in murine back skin. Within the hyperplastic epidermis of TPA- or ATRA-treated or BCC-bearing murine skin, WIF1 and Keratin 10 overlap in Ki67 suprabasal layers, while basal epidermal layers expressing Ki67, and BCCs expressing Wif1 mRNA, are free of WIF1 protein. Read More

Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2019 1;12(10):3949-3952. Epub 2019 Oct 1.

Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China.

The metastasis of cancer to the pituitary gland is uncommon but may mimic a typical pituitary adenoma. Such cancers often derive from the breasts or the lungs, or very rarely from thyroid carcinoma. We described the case of a 60-year-old woman who presented with headaches and pain to the right eye. Read More

World J Clin Cases 2019 Oct;7(20):3259-3265

Department of Endocrinology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña, A Coruña 15006, Spain.

Background: Pituitary apoplexy represents one of the most serious, life threatening endocrine emergencies that requires immediate management. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) can induce pituitary apoplexy in those patients who have insidious pituitary adenoma coincidentally.

Case Summary: A 46-year-old woman, with a history of hypertension and menorrhagia was transferred to our hospital from a secondary care hospital after complaints of headache and vomiting, with loss of consciousness 5 min after an injection of GnRHa. Read More

Skin Res Technol 2019 Sep 17;25(5):761-764. Epub 2019 May 17.

Centro Oncologico ad Alta Tecnologia Diagnostica, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy.

Endocr J 2019 Jul 19;66(7):653-656. Epub 2019 Apr 19.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo 1138655, Japan.

A 34-year-old woman presented our hospital with complaint of irregular menstruation and abnormal uterine bleeding lasting for a month. After her second parturition at the age of 27, her menstrual cycle had been regular, but it suddenly became irregular at the age of 30. Transvaginal ultrasound revealed the presence of ovarian mass, and the patient underwent diagnostic laparoscopic surgery. Read More

Endocr Relat Cancer 2019 06;26(6):R305-R317

First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.

Circadian rhythms at a central and peripheral level are operated by transcriptional/translational feedback loops involving a set of genes called 'clock genes' that have been implicated in the development of several diseases, including malignancies. Dysregulation of the Clock system can influence cancer susceptibility by regulating DNA damage and repair mechanisms, as well as apoptosis. A number of oncogenic pathways can be dysregulated via clock genes' epigenetic alterations, including hypermethylation of clock genes' promoters or variants of clock genes. Read More

J Cutan Pathol 2019 Aug 25;46(8):555-562. Epub 2019 Apr 25.

Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois.

Differentiating melanocytic hyperplasia (MH) on photodamaged skin from junctional lentiginous melanocytic proliferations (JLMP), early evolving melanoma in situ (MIS), or the periphery of a lesion of MIS on staged excision can be challenging. Although previous cross-sectional studies have elucidated important criteria for distinguishing MH on photodamaged skin from more concerning lesions, this study highlights a technique to treat JLMP and MIS with staged mapped excision and baseline scouting biopsies of adjacent nonlesional photodamaged skin to assist in determination of surgical margin clearance. Additionally, we compare the lesional and photodamaged control biopsies from the same patient to evaluate relevant histologic criteria that may be used to distinguish MH in photodamaged skin from JLMP/MIS, while minimizing confounding factors. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Jun 14;126:e1183-e1189. Epub 2019 Mar 14.

Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China; China Pituitary Disease Registry Center, Chinese Pituitary Adenoma Cooperative Group, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health and Family Planning Commission, Beijing, China. Electronic address:

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics of hypopituitarism and its reversibility after surgery for nonfunctional pituitary adenoma (NFPA); analyze the correlation between tumor size and hypopituitarism incidence; and predict hypopituitarism by tumor volume and maximum diameter.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 164 patients with NFPA who underwent surgical treatment at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2016 to December 2016. Demographic, imaging, and endocrine data were collected during preoperative, postoperative, and long-term follow-up (21. Read More

Am J Dermatopathol 2019 Nov;41(11):810-818

CellCOM-SB Research Group Department, Institute for Biomedical Research of A Coruña (INIBIC), University of A Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain.

Introduction: Benign cutaneous tumors with follicular differentiation are alleged to differentiate toward parts of the hair follicle. Connexin 43 (Cx43) is a gap junction protein, the tumoral role of which has been investigated in several types of tumors.

Objective: To study the pattern of expression of Cx43 in benign cutaneous tumors with follicular differentiation and to compare it with that shown by their alleged anatomical counterparts of the hair follicle. Read More

Case Rep Pathol 2019 28;2019:4606493. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.

Tumor of the follicular infundibulum or infundibuloma is a relatively rare benign adnexal tumor usually solitary and located in the head, neck, and trunk. Here we present a 70-year-old woman with a tender vulvar lesion. Histopathologic exam shows a well-circumscribed lesion with a subepidermal horizontally oriented, plate-like proliferation of pale appearing squamous epithelial cells with numerous points of connections with the overlying epidermis and peripheral palisading. Read More

Endokrynol Pol 2019 11;70(2):213-217. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Isotope Therapy, Medical University Wroclaw, Wrocław, Poland.

Acromegaly is associated with increased growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) secretion which may support tumour development and growth. A 68-year-old woman was diagnosed with acromegaly due to typical clinical and hormonal characteristics. While contrast-enhanced MRI at diagnosis did not reveal a pituitary adenoma, a 5-mm lesion was identified on repeat scanning 13 months later. Read More

Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2019 Jan;39(1):125-126

Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.

Thyroglobulin is the most important and abundant protein in thyroid follicles and has been widely studied as a tumor marker of thyroid cancer recurrence and persistence. Tg is considered the material basis of thyroid hormone synthesis and does not participate in the regulation of thyroid hormone synthesis and secretion. This review summarizes the recent progress in the research of thyroid hormone synthesis and secretion regulation via a negative feedback regulation mechanism by the thyroid-hypothalamus-pituitary axis. Read More

JAAD Case Rep 2019 Jan 4;5(1):15-18. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Department Of Dermatology, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center.

Physiol Rev 2019 01;99(1):739-780

Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil ; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil ; Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecological Clinic, University of Siena , Siena , Italy ; and Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Florence, Careggi University Hospital , Florence , Italy.

Activins are dimeric glycoproteins belonging to the transforming growth factor beta superfamily and resulting from the assembly of two beta subunits, which may also be combined with alpha subunits to form inhibins. Activins were discovered in 1986 following the isolation of inhibins from porcine follicular fluid, and were characterized as ovarian hormones that stimulate follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) release by the pituitary gland. In particular, activin A was shown to be the isoform of greater physiological importance in humans. Read More

Mediators Inflamm 2018 14;2018:5427089. Epub 2018 Aug 14.

Department of Animal Physiology, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-110 Jabłonna, Poland.

Prolactin is a hormone that plays an important role in the regulation of many physiological processes including lactation, reproduction, fat metabolism, and immune response. The secretion of prolactin could be disturbed by an immune stress commonly accompanying infection. This study was designed to determine the influence of bacterial endotoxin-lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-on prolactin gene (PRL) expression and prolactin release from the ovine anterior pituitary (AP) explants collected from saline- and LPS-treated ewes in the follicular phase. Read More

JAAD Case Rep 2018 May 31;4(4):330-332. Epub 2018 Mar 31.

Division of Dermatology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri.

Am J Surg Pathol 2018 05;42(5):587-594

Section on Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.

The initial description of Carney complex (CNC) in 1985 included myxomas, spotty skin pigmentation, and endocrine overactivity (of the adrenal, the pituitary, and the testis). In 1997, thyroid neoplasms were found in 3 patients with CNC and involvement of the gland in the syndrome was apparent. Herein, we describe the clinical, pathologic, and follow-up findings in 26 patients with CNC and a disorder of the thyroid gland. Read More