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Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2020 Mar 13;2020. Epub 2020 Mar 13.

Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine.

Summary: Papillary thyroid gland carcinoma is the most common type of malignancy of the endocrine system. Metastases to the pituitary gland have been described as a complication of papillary thyroid cancer in few reported cases since 1965. We report the case of a 68-year-old female patient with a well-differentiated form of thyroid gland cancer. Read More

Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2019 1;12(10):3949-3952. Epub 2019 Oct 1.

Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China.

The metastasis of cancer to the pituitary gland is uncommon but may mimic a typical pituitary adenoma. Such cancers often derive from the breasts or the lungs, or very rarely from thyroid carcinoma. We described the case of a 60-year-old woman who presented with headaches and pain to the right eye. Read More

World J Clin Cases 2019 Oct;7(20):3259-3265

Department of Endocrinology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña, A Coruña 15006, Spain.

Background: Pituitary apoplexy represents one of the most serious, life threatening endocrine emergencies that requires immediate management. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) can induce pituitary apoplexy in those patients who have insidious pituitary adenoma coincidentally.

Case Summary: A 46-year-old woman, with a history of hypertension and menorrhagia was transferred to our hospital from a secondary care hospital after complaints of headache and vomiting, with loss of consciousness 5 min after an injection of GnRHa. Read More

Skin Res Technol 2019 Sep 17;25(5):761-764. Epub 2019 May 17.

Centro Oncologico ad Alta Tecnologia Diagnostica, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy.

Endocr J 2019 Jul 19;66(7):653-656. Epub 2019 Apr 19.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo 1138655, Japan.

A 34-year-old woman presented our hospital with complaint of irregular menstruation and abnormal uterine bleeding lasting for a month. After her second parturition at the age of 27, her menstrual cycle had been regular, but it suddenly became irregular at the age of 30. Transvaginal ultrasound revealed the presence of ovarian mass, and the patient underwent diagnostic laparoscopic surgery. Read More

J Cutan Pathol 2019 Aug 25;46(8):555-562. Epub 2019 Apr 25.

Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois.

Differentiating melanocytic hyperplasia (MH) on photodamaged skin from junctional lentiginous melanocytic proliferations (JLMP), early evolving melanoma in situ (MIS), or the periphery of a lesion of MIS on staged excision can be challenging. Although previous cross-sectional studies have elucidated important criteria for distinguishing MH on photodamaged skin from more concerning lesions, this study highlights a technique to treat JLMP and MIS with staged mapped excision and baseline scouting biopsies of adjacent nonlesional photodamaged skin to assist in determination of surgical margin clearance. Additionally, we compare the lesional and photodamaged control biopsies from the same patient to evaluate relevant histologic criteria that may be used to distinguish MH in photodamaged skin from JLMP/MIS, while minimizing confounding factors. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Jun 14;126:e1183-e1189. Epub 2019 Mar 14.

Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China; China Pituitary Disease Registry Center, Chinese Pituitary Adenoma Cooperative Group, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health and Family Planning Commission, Beijing, China. Electronic address:

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics of hypopituitarism and its reversibility after surgery for nonfunctional pituitary adenoma (NFPA); analyze the correlation between tumor size and hypopituitarism incidence; and predict hypopituitarism by tumor volume and maximum diameter.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 164 patients with NFPA who underwent surgical treatment at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2016 to December 2016. Demographic, imaging, and endocrine data were collected during preoperative, postoperative, and long-term follow-up (21. Read More

Am J Dermatopathol 2019 Nov;41(11):810-818

CellCOM-SB Research Group Department, Institute for Biomedical Research of A Coruña (INIBIC), University of A Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain.

Introduction: Benign cutaneous tumors with follicular differentiation are alleged to differentiate toward parts of the hair follicle. Connexin 43 (Cx43) is a gap junction protein, the tumoral role of which has been investigated in several types of tumors.

Objective: To study the pattern of expression of Cx43 in benign cutaneous tumors with follicular differentiation and to compare it with that shown by their alleged anatomical counterparts of the hair follicle. Read More

Case Rep Pathol 2019 28;2019:4606493. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.

Tumor of the follicular infundibulum or infundibuloma is a relatively rare benign adnexal tumor usually solitary and located in the head, neck, and trunk. Here we present a 70-year-old woman with a tender vulvar lesion. Histopathologic exam shows a well-circumscribed lesion with a subepidermal horizontally oriented, plate-like proliferation of pale appearing squamous epithelial cells with numerous points of connections with the overlying epidermis and peripheral palisading. Read More

Endokrynol Pol 2019 11;70(2):213-217. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Isotope Therapy, Medical University Wroclaw, Wrocław, Poland.

Acromegaly is associated with increased growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) secretion which may support tumour development and growth. A 68-year-old woman was diagnosed with acromegaly due to typical clinical and hormonal characteristics. While contrast-enhanced MRI at diagnosis did not reveal a pituitary adenoma, a 5-mm lesion was identified on repeat scanning 13 months later. Read More

Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2019 Jan;39(1):125-126

Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.

Thyroglobulin is the most important and abundant protein in thyroid follicles and has been widely studied as a tumor marker of thyroid cancer recurrence and persistence. Tg is considered the material basis of thyroid hormone synthesis and does not participate in the regulation of thyroid hormone synthesis and secretion. This review summarizes the recent progress in the research of thyroid hormone synthesis and secretion regulation via a negative feedback regulation mechanism by the thyroid-hypothalamus-pituitary axis. Read More

JAAD Case Rep 2019 Jan 4;5(1):15-18. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Department Of Dermatology, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center.

Physiol Rev 2019 01;99(1):739-780

Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil ; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil ; Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecological Clinic, University of Siena , Siena , Italy ; and Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Florence, Careggi University Hospital , Florence , Italy.

Activins are dimeric glycoproteins belonging to the transforming growth factor beta superfamily and resulting from the assembly of two beta subunits, which may also be combined with alpha subunits to form inhibins. Activins were discovered in 1986 following the isolation of inhibins from porcine follicular fluid, and were characterized as ovarian hormones that stimulate follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) release by the pituitary gland. In particular, activin A was shown to be the isoform of greater physiological importance in humans. Read More

Mediators Inflamm 2018 14;2018:5427089. Epub 2018 Aug 14.

Department of Animal Physiology, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-110 Jabłonna, Poland.

Prolactin is a hormone that plays an important role in the regulation of many physiological processes including lactation, reproduction, fat metabolism, and immune response. The secretion of prolactin could be disturbed by an immune stress commonly accompanying infection. This study was designed to determine the influence of bacterial endotoxin-lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-on prolactin gene (PRL) expression and prolactin release from the ovine anterior pituitary (AP) explants collected from saline- and LPS-treated ewes in the follicular phase. Read More

JAAD Case Rep 2018 May 31;4(4):330-332. Epub 2018 Mar 31.

Division of Dermatology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri.

Am J Surg Pathol 2018 05;42(5):587-594

Section on Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.

The initial description of Carney complex (CNC) in 1985 included myxomas, spotty skin pigmentation, and endocrine overactivity (of the adrenal, the pituitary, and the testis). In 1997, thyroid neoplasms were found in 3 patients with CNC and involvement of the gland in the syndrome was apparent. Herein, we describe the clinical, pathologic, and follow-up findings in 26 patients with CNC and a disorder of the thyroid gland. Read More

Thyroid 2018 04 19;28(4):481-487. Epub 2018 Mar 19.

2 Department of Internal Medicine, Alaska Native Medical Center , Anchorage, Alaska.

Background: Nationwide, the incidence of thyroid cancer is lower among American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) people than among U.S. whites (USW). Read More

J Dermatol 2018 Feb 15;45(2):220-223. Epub 2017 Nov 15.

Department of Dermatology, Kansai Medical University Medical Center, Osaka, Japan.

Case 1 was a 75-year-old Japanese man who presented with a poorly demarcated, dark-red nodule with a destructive defect in the center, measuring 3 cm × 2 cm on the right wing of his nose. The histological diagnosis was a common form of infundibular squamous cell carcinoma. Atypical neoplastic cells radiated from the wall of a follicular infundibulum. Read More

Arch Gynecol Obstet 2017 Nov 5;296(5):957-963. Epub 2017 Sep 5.

Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Purpose: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder of the reproductive system characterized by polycystic ovaries and androgen excess. Letrozole is a nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor that is used in experimental research to induce PCOS. Kisspeptin is an essential protein in regulation of cyclicity. Read More

Int J Womens Dermatol 2017 Sep 26;3(3):154-156. Epub 2017 Jul 26.

Department of Dermatology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT.

Warty (follicular) dyskeratoma (WD) is a discrete nodular lesion that demonstrates the characteristic histopathologic findings of acantholysis and dyskeratosis. WDs most commonly occur on the head and neck of adults. We present a case of WD that occurred on the mons pubis of a 53-year-old woman. Read More

Domest Anim Endocrinol 2017 10 24;61:84-99. Epub 2017 Jun 24.

C.I.I.S.A., Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Portugal. Electronic address:

The oviduct plays important roles in the early reproductive process. The aim of this study was to evaluate gene transcription and protein expression of progesterone receptor (PGR), estrogen receptors 1 (ESR1) and 2 (ESR2); oxytocin receptor (OXTR); prostaglandin F2α synthase (AKR1C3), and prostaglandin E2 synthase (Ptges) in mare oviduct in different estrous cycle stages. Estradiol (E), progesterone (P), oxytocin (OXT), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF) effect on in vitro PGE and prostaglandin F2α (PGF) secretion by equine oviduct explants or by oviductal epithelial cells (OECs) were also assessed. Read More

Res Vet Sci 2017 Oct 11;114:313-321. Epub 2017 Jun 11.

Roche Pharmaceutical Research & Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Switzerland.

The goal of this in situ hybridization and image analysis technique is to study the effects of new pharmacological/chemical entities on the thyroid and pituitary gland in rats, reveal the pathogenesis of thyroid follicular cell hypertrophy and to retrospectively exclude the risk of thyroid tumor development in humans. In the present study, we describe the increase of thyroid-stimulating hormone- (TSH-) beta subunit mRNA in the pars distalis of the pituitary gland and the quantitative measurement of TSH mRNA positive cells from rats of three 4-week toxicity studies treated with three different test compounds inducing thyroid follicular cell and hepatocellular hypertrophy in rats. Compared to immunohistochemistry (IHC), in situ hybridization (ISH) for TSH was found to be more sensitive. Read More

J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2017 Jan-Apr;21(1):115-118

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, D. Y. Patil University School of Dentistry, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Keratoacanthoma (KA) is a benign epithelial tumor which presents clinically as a proliferating dome-shaped keratin-filled crater. The lesion occurs predominantly upon sun-exposed areas of the body and is known to arise from hair follicle. Actinic rays are a major contributing factor in the etiology. Read More

Am J Dermatopathol 2017 Dec;39(12):896-902

Departments ofPathology, and.

Primary skin adnexal tumors can be challenging to classify and must be discerned from cutaneous adenocarcinoma metastases from various sites. We evaluated expression of Sox10 and DOG1 in normal cutaneous adnexa and in 194 primary skin adnexal tumors, and compared their performance in discriminating primary skin adnexal tumors from cutaneous metastatic adenocarcinomas with that of p40 and p63. In normal skin adnexa, we noted Sox10 expression in both the secretory and myoepithelial cells in eccrine glands, but only in myoepithelial cells in apocrine glands. Read More

Biomark Med 2017 Mar 16;11(3):285-293. Epub 2017 Feb 16.

Department of Cell Physiology & Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.

Accumulating evidence suggests that alterations in the molecular clocks underlying the circadian time-keeping system might be connected to changes in cell cycle, resulting in oncogenic transformation. The hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis is driven by a circadian clock at several levels, with an endocrine feedback loop regulating thyroid-stimulating hormone. Changes in the expression levels of circadian and cell cycle markers may correlate with clinic-pathological characteristics in differentiated follicular thyroid carcinomas. Read More

Toxicol In Vitro 2017 Apr 5;40:297-304. Epub 2017 Feb 5.

School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

As adverse health effects of bisphenol A (BPA) become a growing public health concern, the chemicals substituting BPA have been increasingly used in everyday lives. BPA substitutes have been frequently detected in both environment and biota in increasing levels. However, very limited toxicological information is available for these chemicals. Read More

Rom J Morphol Embryol 2017 ;58(4):1605-1609

Discipline of Histology, Department of Morphological Sciences, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania;

Introduction: Keratoacanthoma (KA) is a relatively common, benign, rapidly growing and self-limiting squamous proliferation, which appears most frequently on the sun-exposed skin. The nature of KA and its relationship to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) still represent one of the major debates in dermatopathology, as it is the truthfulness of such a diagnosis outside the skin. However, the tumor is now known to originate from the pilosebaceous units of the skin or from ectopic sebaceous glands of squamous mucous membranes, and to differentiate onto follicular isthmus÷infundibulum-like epithelium. Read More

Case Rep Pathol 2016 27;2016:7169564. Epub 2016 Nov 27.

The Thyroid, Parathyroid and Pituitary Center for Miami, Internal Medicine Department, Miami Beach, FL, USA.

Water-clear cell adenoma (WCCA) of the parathyroid gland is an exceedingly rare neoplasm. To date, 17 cases have been reported in the literature, with only one of them being intrathyroidal. Here we report a case of a 34-year-old woman who presented for evaluation of a goiter and was found to have a thyroid nodule and abnormal thyroid function tests (TFT). Read More

Am J Dermatopathol 2017 May;39(5):e69-e70

*Department of Dermatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL; †Advanced Dermatology and Mohs Surgery, Batavia, IL; and ‡Consolidated Pathology Consultants, Libertyville, IL.

Follicular malignant melanoma (FMM) is an exceedingly rare variant of melanoma. Only 8 cases have been reported in the literature thus far. Often bland on physical examination, FMM shows a striking histologic pattern, with atypical melanocytes sometimes consuming the entire follicle and extending into the dermis. Read More

J Cutan Pathol 2016 Nov 5;43(11):974-983. Epub 2016 Sep 5.

Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kainan Hospital, Yatomi, Japan.

Background: This study was designed to evaluate the immunoexpression of DOG1, a specific marker expressed in gastrointestinal stromal tumors, in normal skin tissues and cutaneous epithelial tumors.

Methods: DOG1 immunostaining extent, intensity and pattern were evaluated in 69 cutaneous apocrine/eccrine tumors, 11 sebaceous tumors, 46 follicular tumors, 52 keratinocytic tumors and perilesional normal tissues.

Results: In normal tissues, DOG1 was expressed strongly in the intercellular canaliculi of eccrine glands, moderately in the myoepithelial cells of mammary and anogenital mammary-like glands, and weakly or not at all in the periphery of sebaceous lobules and the lower layer of epidermis and follicular infundibulum. Read More

J Mol Neurosci 2016 Oct 26;60(2):171-8. Epub 2016 Aug 26.

Department of Anatomy, University of Pecs, 7624, Szigeti u 12, Pecs, Hungary.

Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) belongs to the vasoactive intestinal peptide-secretin-glucagon peptide family, isolated first from ovine hypothalamus. The diverse physiological effects of PACAP are known mainly from animal experiments, including several actions in endocrine glands. Alteration of PACAP expression has been shown in several tumors, but changes in expression of PACAP and its specific PAC1 receptor in human thyroid gland pathologies have not yet been investigated. Read More

Fukuoka Igaku Zasshi 2016 08;107(8):155-60

We here describe a case of solitary basaloid follicular hamartoma (BFH) : the case developing in company with senile lentigo on the nose. BFH is a relatively rare benign follicular neoplasm of undetermined etiology. Histologically, the specimen consisted of small-sized squamoid or basaloid cells and follicular germ-like cells in the periphery of the tumor nests. Read More

Indian Dermatol Online J 2016 May-Jun;7(3):177-9

Department of Dermatology, Goztepe Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey.

Inverted follicular keratosis is a rare benign tumor of the follicular infundibulum characterized by exo-endophytic growing. It is thought to be a rare variant of the seborrheic keratosis. The diagnosis of inverted follicular keratosis is generally established histopathologically because clinical differentiation from other lesions is difficult. Read More

Clin Exp Dermatol 2016 Jul 28;41(5):468-73. Epub 2016 Mar 28.

Department of Dermatology, Melanoma Unit, Hospital Clinic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

Background: Inverted follicular keratosis (IFK) is an uncommon benign tumour of the follicular infundibulum, which is often misdiagnosed clinically as other keratinizing tumours, and commonly diagnosed correctly by histopathology. There are few reports about the dermoscopic findings of this lesion.

Aim: To evaluate the dermoscopic features of IFK. Read More

An Bras Dermatol 2015 Nov-Dec;90(6):780-96; quiz 797-8

Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.

Benign follicular tumors comprise a large and heterogeneous group of neoplasms that share a common histogenesis and display morphological features resembling one or several portions of the normal hair follicle, or recapitulate part of its embryological development. Most cases present it as clinically nondescript single lesions and essentially of dermatological relevance. Occasionally, however, these lesions be multiple and represent a cutaneous marker of complex syndromes associated with an increased risk of visceral neoplasms. Read More

Int J Surg Pathol 2016 May 27;24(3):232-6. Epub 2015 Dec 27.

Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy

Pseudocarcinomatous hyperplasia (PCH) is a reactive proliferation of the epidermis that can be associated with many inflammatory and neoplastic conditions. Histologically, it is characterized by irregular strands of epidermis, usually at the level of the follicular infundibulum, projecting downward into the dermis. The differentiation between a well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma and PCH can be particularly challenging when the biopsy is superficial and the causing lesion is dermal-based. Read More

J Am Acad Dermatol 2016 Feb 6;74(2):356-62. Epub 2015 Dec 6.

Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma in situ (SCCis) has been reported to involve the hair follicle epithelium. Deep follicular invasion is often cited as a cause of treatment failure.

Objective: We sought to define the frequency and the depth of hair follicle invasion by SCCis. Read More

Biol Reprod 2015 Sep 22;93(3):69. Epub 2015 Jul 22.

Department of Reproductive Medicine and Center for Reproductive Science and Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) pathophysiology is poorly understood, due partly to lack of PCOS animal models fully recapitulating this complex disorder. Recently, a PCOS rat model using letrozole (LET), a nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor, mimicked multiple PCOS phenotypes, including metabolic features absent in other models. Given the advantages of using genetic and transgenic mouse models, we investigated whether LET produces a similar PCOS phenotype in mice. Read More

Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2015 Sep 5;5(3):207-11. Epub 2015 Jul 5.

Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Background: Tumor of the follicular infundibulum (TFI) is considered as a rare benign neoplasm providing two distinctive clinical patterns: the solitary and the eruptive form. The clinical presentations resemble many other dermatologic conditions and require histopathological study to make a definite diagnosis.

Objective: To inform physicians of a clinical presentation of TFI. Read More

J Cutan Pathol 2015 Sep 12;42(9):645-51. Epub 2015 May 12.

Department of Dermatology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.

Herein, we describe a 63-year-old male with multiple tumors arising within a nevus sebaceus on the posterior scalp. On histopathologic examination, four distinct tumors were identified: trichoblastoma, syringocystadenoma papilliferum, desmoplastic trichilemmoma and tumor of the follicular infundibulum (TFI). Within the TFI component of the nevus sebaceus, there was intracytoplasmic accumulation of eosinophilic keratin, as shown on pancytokeratin-stained sections, imparting a signet-ring appearance to the cells. Read More

Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2015 Apr 20;71(3):541-51. Epub 2015 Feb 20.

Dow AgroSciences, LLC, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA.

Pronamide, a selective, systemic, pre- and post-emergence herbicide, caused an increased incidence of thyroid follicular cell adenomas in a rat carcinogenicity study. Thyroid tumors, as well as liver and pituitary changes, were limited only to the high-dose group. The evidence for and against specific potential modes of action (MoAs) for rat thyroid follicular cell adenomas and their relevance to humans is discussed. Read More

Aquat Toxicol 2015 Mar 22;160:188-96. Epub 2015 Jan 22.

School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

Triphenyl phosphate (TPP), one of the most widely used organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs), has frequently been detected in the environment and biota. However, knowledge of its toxicological effects is limited. The present study was conducted to determine the adverse effects of TPP on the thyroid endocrine system of embryonic/larval zebrafish, and the underlying mechanisms for these effects were studied using rat pituitary (GH3) and thyroid follicular (FRTL-5) cell lines. Read More

Cutis 2014 Dec;94(6):301-3

88 Jiefang Rd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China 310009.

The etiology of tumor of the follicular infundibulum (TFI) is unknown. Eruptive forms of TFI are rare. We present the case of a 49-year-old woman with multiple lesions on the arms, shoulders, trunk, buttocks, and legs of more than 3 years' duration. Read More

Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2014 Dec 17;70(3):673-80. Epub 2014 Oct 17.

Bayer SAS, Bayer CropScience, 355 rue Dostoïevski, CS 90153, 06906 Sophia Antipolis, France.

Fluopyram, a broad spectrum fungicide, caused an increased incidence of thyroid follicular cell (TFC) adenomas in males at the highest dose evaluated (750ppm equating to 105mg/kg/day) in the mouse oncogenicity study. A series of short-term mechanistic studies were conducted in the male mouse to characterize the mode of action (MOA) for the thyroid tumor formation and to determine if No Observed Effect Levels (NOELs) exist for each key event identified. The proposed MOA consists of an initial effect on the liver by activating the constitutive androstane (Car) and pregnane X (Pxr) nuclear receptors causing increased elimination of thyroid hormones followed by an increased secretion of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). Read More

J Biol Rhythms 2015 Apr 19;30(2):76-83. Epub 2014 Nov 19.

Department of Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Hypertension and Nutrition, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland

The circadian clock represents an anticipatory mechanism, well preserved in evolution. It has a critical impact on most aspects of the physiology of light-sensitive organisms. These rhythmic processes are governed by environmental cues (fluctuations in light intensity and temperature), an internal circadian timing system, and interactions between this timekeeping system and environmental signals. Read More

An Bras Dermatol 2014 Nov-Dec;89(6):964-6

Universidade de Santo Amaro, Santo Amaro, SP, Brazil.

Tumor of the follicular infundibulum is a rare benign cutaneous adnexal neoplasm with variable clinical presentation. In most cases the diagnosis is made with the help of histopathology, due to lack of a characteristic clinical presentation. The most common form is a solitary lesion, but it can be multiple or eruptive, then called infundibulomatose. Read More

J Theor Biol 2014 Nov 28;361:31-40. Epub 2014 Jul 28.

Department of Mathematics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8205, United States; Biomathematics Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States. Electronic address:

A system of 16 differential equations is described which models hormonal regulation of the menstrual cycle focusing on the effects of the androgen testosterone (T) on follicular development and on the synthesis of luteinizing hormone (LH) in the pituitary. Model simulations indicate two stable menstrual cycles - one cycle fitting data in the literature for normal women and the other cycle being anovulatory because of no LH surge. Bifurcations with respect to sensitive model parameters illustrate various characteristics of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), a leading cause of female infertility. Read More

Am J Dermatopathol 2015 Jul;37(7):535-8

*Department of Pathology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; †Department of Pathology, King Fahad University Hospital, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia; and ‡Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC.

Tumor of follicular infundibulum (TFI) is currently believed to be a benign epithelial neoplasm with follicular differentiation. It has been suggested that TFI is associated with dermal scarring, but further investigation is needed to confirm this correlation. To approach this question, a retrospective study was presented, a total of 67 cases (64 lesions) were found in a search covering cases over a 10-year period. Read More