669 results match your criteria Fogo Selvagem
Alzheimers Dement (Amst) 2018 30;10:706-716. Epub 2018 Aug 30.
Department of Neuroimaging Sciences, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Introduction: Metabolic alterations to the superior frontal gyrus (SFG) have been linked to cognitive decline. Whether these indicate structural atrophy, which could be screened for at a larger scale using noninvasive structural imaging, is unknown.
Methods: We assessed annual structural magnetic resonance imaging scans and cognitive data from 3 consecutive years from 204 participants from the AD Neuroimaging Initiative database (mean age 72. Read More
Kidney Int Rep 2018 Nov 3;3(6):1373-1384. Epub 2018 Aug 3.
Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA.
Introduction: The Cure Glomerulonephropathy Network (CureGN) is a 66-center longitudinal observational study of patients with biopsy-confirmed minimal change disease, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, membranous nephropathy, or IgA nephropathy (IgAN), including IgA vasculitis (IgAV). This study describes the clinical characteristics and treatment patterns in the IgA cohort, including comparisons between IgAN versus IgAV and adult versus pediatric patients.
Methods: Patients with a diagnostic kidney biopsy within 5 years of screening were eligible to join CureGN. Read More
Am J Kidney Dis 2018 Nov 9. Epub 2018 Nov 9.
Center for Translational Science, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC.
Rationale & Objectives: Glomerular diseases, including minimal change disease, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, membranous nephropathy, and immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy, share clinical presentations, yet result from multiple biological mechanisms. Challenges to identifying underlying mechanisms, biomarkers, and new therapies include the rarity of each diagnosis and slow progression, often requiring decades to measure the effectiveness of interventions to prevent end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) or death.
Study Design: Multicenter prospective cohort study. Read More
J Comp Psychol 2018 Nov 5. Epub 2018 Nov 5.
Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, Hope College.
Environmental conditions, such as the light-dark cycle and temperature, affect the display of circadian rhythmicity and locomotor activity patterns in mammals. Here, we tested the hypothesis that manipulating these environmental conditions would affect wheel-running activity patterns in a diurnal rodent, the Nile grass rat (Arvicanthis niloticus). Grass rats are diurnal in the field, however, a subset switch from a day-active pattern to a night-active pattern of activity after the introduction of a running wheel. Read More
Toxicol Pathol 2018 Aug 29:192623318796784. Epub 2018 Aug 29.
2 Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Tubular injury sensitizes glomeruli to injury. We review potential mechanisms of this tubuloglomerular cross talk. In the same nephron, tubular injury can cause stenosis of the glomerulotubular junction and finally result in atubular glomeruli. Read More
An Bras Dermatol 2018 Sep-Oct;93(5):638-650
Dermatology Service, Hospital Maria Aparecida Pedrossian, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande (MS), Brazil.
Fogo selvagem or endemic pemphigus foliaceus is an autoimmune acantholytic anti-cadherin bullous disease that primarily affects seborrheic areas, which might disseminate. Brazil has the world's largest number of patients, mainly in the Central-West region, but the disease has also been reported in other South American countries. It affects young people and adults who have been exposed to rural areas, with occurrence of familial cases. Read More
Nephrol Dial Transplant 2018 Aug;33(8):1290-1291
Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
J Clin Invest 2018 Oct 19;128(10):4485-4500. Epub 2018 Jul 19.
Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California, USA.
Oxidative stress is an underlying component of acute and chronic kidney disease. Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) is a widely expressed redox-sensitive serine threonine kinase that activates p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases, and induces apoptotic, inflammatory, and fibrotic signaling in settings of oxidative stress. We describe the discovery and characterization of a potent and selective small-molecule inhibitor of ASK1, GS-444217, and demonstrate the therapeutic potential of ASK1 inhibition to reduce kidney injury and fibrosis. Read More
Kidney Int 2018 Sep 10;94(3):448-450. Epub 2018 Jul 10.
Sorbonne University, INSERM, and Nephrology and Dialysis Department, Hopital Tenon, Paris France. Electronic address:
Hum Mutat 2018 Oct 26;39(10):1372-1383. Epub 2018 Jul 26.
Center for Experimental Research, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
The Reelin-DAB1 signaling pathway plays a crucial role in regulating neuronal migration and synapse function. Although many rare heterozygous variants in the Reelin gene (RELN) have been identified in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), most variants are still of unknown clinical significance. Also, genetic data suggest that heterozygous variants in RELN alone appear to be insufficient to cause ASD. Read More
Cardiovasc Res 2018 Sep;114(11):1462-1473
Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, Chancellor's Building, Edinburgh, UK.
Small vessel diseases (SVDs) are a group of disorders that result from pathological alteration of the small blood vessels in the brain, including the small arteries, capillaries and veins. Of the 35-36 million people that are estimated to suffer from dementia worldwide, up to 65% have an SVD component. Furthermore, SVD causes 20-25% of strokes, worsens outcome after stroke and is a leading cause of disability, cognitive impairment and poor mobility. Read More
An Bras Dermatol 2018 Mar;93(2):212-215
Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Oregon, USA.
Background: Previous studies have shown oxidative stress in pemphigus vulgaris and pemphigus foliaceus, nevertheless, it remains unknown whether a similar response is characteristic of endemic pemphigus foliaceus in Peru.
Objectives: To determine the oxidative stress response in endemic pemphigus foliaceus patients and subjects with positive for anti-desmoglein1 antibodies (anti-dsg1) from endemic areas of Peru.
Subjects And Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. Read More
Front Genet 2018 10;9:120. Epub 2018 Apr 10.
Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2018 Jun 8;28(6):582-591. Epub 2018 Mar 8.
Pediatric Nephrology, VUMC, Nashville, TN, USA. Electronic address:
Background And Aims: Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) reduce cardiovascular events in the general population. Maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients are at high cardiovascular risk but few studies have directly addressed the comparative efficacy of these drugs. MHD disrupts the normally atheroprotective actions of high density lipoprotein (HDL), therefore, we compared ACEI or ARB treatment on HDL functions in MHD. Read More
Am J Kidney Dis 2018 Apr;71(4):e3-e4
Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN. Electronic address:
Hum Pathol 2018 Nov 9;81:229-234. Epub 2018 Mar 9.
Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232. Electronic address:
Alport syndrome is due to mutations in one of the genes encoding (α3,4,5) type IV collagen resulting in defective type IV collagen, a key component of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM). The GBM is initially thin and, with ongoing remodeling, develops a thickened basket-woven appearance. We report a unique case of a 9-year-old boy who underwent biopsy for hematuria and proteinuria, diagnosed as IgA nephropathy, with normal GBM appearance and thickness. Read More
Kidney Int 2018 04 16;93(4):789-796. Epub 2018 Feb 16.
Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
We present a consensus report pertaining to the improved clarity of definitions and classification of glomerular lesions in lupus nephritis that derived from a meeting of 18 members of an international nephropathology working group in Leiden, Netherlands, in 2016. Here we report detailed recommendations on issues for which we can propose adjustments based on existing evidence and current consensus opinion (phase 1). New definitions are provided for mesangial hypercellularity and for cellular, fibrocellular, and fibrous crescents. Read More
Kidney Int 2018 03 3;93(3):545-559. Epub 2018 Feb 3.
Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA. Electronic address:
HIV-positive individuals are at increased risk for kidney disease, including HIV-associated nephropathy, noncollapsing focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, immune-complex kidney disease, and comorbid kidney disease, as well as kidney injury resulting from prolonged exposure to antiretroviral therapy or from opportunistic infections. Clinical guidelines for kidney disease prevention and treatment in HIV-positive individuals are largely extrapolated from studies in the general population, and do not fully incorporate existing knowledge of the unique HIV-related pathways and genetic factors that contribute to the risk of kidney disease in this population. We convened an international panel of experts in nephrology, renal pathology, and infectious diseases to define the pathology of kidney disease in the setting of HIV infection; describe the role of genetics in the natural history, diagnosis, and treatment of kidney disease in HIV-positive individuals; characterize the renal risk-benefit of antiretroviral therapy for HIV treatment and prevention; and define best practices for the prevention and management of kidney disease in HIV-positive individuals. Read More
BMC Nephrol 2018 01 27;19(1):17. Epub 2018 Jan 27.
Departments of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1161 21st Avenue South, C-4204 Medical Center North, Nashville, TN, 37232-2584, USA.
Background: Our aim was to evaluate lipid trafficking and inflammatory response of macrophages exposed to lipoproteins from subjects with moderate to severe chronic kidney disease (CKD), and to investigate the potential benefits of activating cellular cholesterol transporters via liver X receptor (LXR) agonism.
Methods: LDL and HDL were isolated by sequential density gradient ultracentrifugation of plasma from patients with stage 3-4 CKD and individuals without kidney disease (HDL and HDL, respectively). Uptake of LDL, cholesterol efflux to HDL, and cellular inflammatory responses were assessed in human THP-1 cells. Read More
Heart Rhythm 2018 05 31;15(5):732-733. Epub 2018 Jan 31.
Heart Rhythm Division, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
Lancet Neurol 2018 Mar 10;17(3):232-240. Epub 2018 Jan 10.
Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. Electronic address:
Background: Identification of lobar spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage associated with cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is important because it is associated with a higher risk of recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage than arteriolosclerosis-associated intracerebral haemorrhage. We aimed to develop a prediction model for the identification of CAA-associated lobar intracerebral haemorrhage using CT features and genotype.
Methods: We identified adults with first-ever intracerebral haemorrhage diagnosed by CT, who died and underwent research autopsy as part of the Lothian IntraCerebral Haemorrhage, Pathology, Imaging and Neurological Outcome (LINCHPIN) study, a prospective, population-based, inception cohort. Read More
J Autoimmun 2018 05 4;89:171-185. Epub 2018 Jan 4.
Department of Dermatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. Electronic address:
Fogo Selvagem (FS), the endemic form of pemphigus foliaceus, is mediated by pathogenic IgG4 autoantibodies against the amino-terminal extracellular cadherin domain of the desmosomal cadherin desmoglein 1 (Dsg1). Here we define the detailed epitopes of these pathogenic antibodies. Proteolytic footprinting showed that IgG4 from 95% of FS donor sera (19/20) recognized a 16-residue peptide (ALNSMGQDLERPLELR) from the EC1 domain of Dsg1 that overlaps the binding site for an adhesive-partner desmosomal cadherin molecule. Read More
Heart Rhythm 2018 05 24;15(5):725-731. Epub 2017 Dec 24.
Department of Cardiology, Hospital General de Medellin, and Clinica CES Medellin, Antioquia, Colombia.
Background: We previously showed that one-third of patients affected by endemic pemphigus foliaceus in El Bagre, Colombia (El Bagre-EPF), display autoreactivity to the heart.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate rhythm disturbances with the presence of autoantibodies and correlate them with ECG changes in these patients.
Methods: We performed a study comparing 30 patients and 30 controls from the endemic area, matched by demographics, including age, sex, weight, work activities, and comorbidities. Read More
Am J Kidney Dis 2018 Jan;71(1):e1-e2
Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
Transplant Proc 2017 Dec;49(10):2384-2387
Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Alport syndrome (AS) and thin basement membrane lesions are caused by various mutations in type IV collagen genes. Although AS is considered a rare disease, thin basement membrane is a frequent pattern, especially in families with a history of persistent hematuria. We report a patient with a diagnosis of AS who developed end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and received a kidney transplant from a living unrelated donor. Read More
Am J Kidney Dis 2017 Dec;70(6):e23-e24
Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN. Electronic address:
Nephrol Dial Transplant 2017 Jul 2. Epub 2017 Jul 2.
Division of Nephropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Background: Large-scale studies comparing glomerular disease frequencies across continents are lacking.
Methods: We surveyed 29 nephropathology laboratories in four continents using a standardized data collection form. We obtained recent consecutive kidney biopsy diagnosis frequencies at each center and summary demographics for each diagnosis. Read More
J Nutr Health Aging 2017 ;21(9):971-979
Dr. Maria C. Valdés Hernández, Department of Neuroimaging Sciences, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, 49 Little France Crescent, Chancellor's Building, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK. Telephone:+44-131-4659527, Fax: +44-131-3325150, E-mail:
Background: Iodine deficiency is one of the three key micronutrient deficiencies highlighted as major public health issues by the World Health Organisation. Iodine deficiency is known to cause brain structural alterations likely to affect cognition. However, it is not known whether or how different (lifelong) levels of exposure to dietary iodine influences brain health and cognitive functions. Read More
Nat Commun 2017 10 23;8(1):1097. Epub 2017 Oct 23.
German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ), Potsdam, 14473, Germany.
Flank instability and lateral collapse are recurrent processes during the structural evolution of volcanic edifices, and they affect and are affected by magmatic activity. It is known that dyke intrusions have the potential to destabilise the flanks of a volcano, and that lateral collapses may change the style of volcanism and the arrangement of shallow dykes. However, the effect of a large lateral collapse on the location of a new eruptive centre remains unclear. Read More
Kidney Int 2017 11;92(5):1290-1291
Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Renal Pathology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Am J Kidney Dis 2017 Nov;70(5):e21-e22
Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN. Electronic address:
Clin Exp Dermatol 2017 Dec 15;42(8):874-880. Epub 2017 Oct 15.
Georgia Dermatopathology Associates, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Background: We identified a new variant of endemic pemphigus foliaceus in El Bagre, Colombia, South America, which we term El Bagre-EPF, and observed reactivity to arrector pili muscle (APM), thus we tested for autoimmunity to APM.
Methods: We took skin biopsies from 30 patients with El Bagre-EPF and 30 healthy controls (HCs) matched by age, sex and occupation, who were all from the endemic area, and tested these using direct immunofluorescence (DIF), confocal microscopy, immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting (IB).
Results: Of the 30 patients with El Bagre-EPF, 27 had autoantibodies to APM that colocalized with commercial antibodies to myocardium-enriched zonula occludens-1-associated protein (MYZAP), desmoplakin (DP)1 and DP2, plakophilin 4, and Armadillo repeat gene deleted in velo-cardio-facial syndrome (ARVCF) (P < 0. Read More
Mar Pollut Bull 2018 Apr 13;129(2):480-486. Epub 2017 Oct 13.
Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador A1B 3X9, Canada; Program in Environmental Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. Electronic address:
Most anthropogenic marine debris shoreline studies are conducted on sandy shores, rather than rocky coastlines. We amended a standardized protocol for monitoring marine debris on a high-loading beach composed of small rocks and cobbles in Newfoundland, Canada. Our protocol had two parts: we conducted stratified sampling to a depth of ~20cm below the surface of the rocks (standing survey), and surveyed accumulation of items on the surface of rocks every other day (loading survey). Read More
Am J Kidney Dis 2017 Oct;70(4):e19-e20
Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN. Electronic address:
Immunohorizons 2017 Aug;1(6):71-80
Department of Dermatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599.
We have shown that although the IgG response in fogo selvagem (FS) is mainly restricted to desmoglein (Dsg) 1, other keratinocyte cadherins are also targeted by FS patients and healthy control subjects living in the endemic region of Limão Verde, Brazil (endemic controls). Evaluating nonpathogenic IgG1 and pathogenic IgG4 subclass responses to desmosomal proteins may reveal important differences between pathogenic and nonpathogenic responses, and how these differences relate to the pathogenic IgG4 response and resultant FS. In this study, we tested by ELISA >100 sera from each FS patient, endemic control, and nonendemic control for IgG1 and IgG4 autoantibodies to keratinocyte cadherins besides Dsg1. Read More
Front Immunol 2017 14;8:978. Epub 2017 Aug 14.
Laboratory of Immunology, Institute of Natural and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil.
Introduction: The endemic form (fogo selvagem-FS) of pemphigus foliaceus is an autoimmune disease characterized by the presence of IgG autoantibodies against desmoglein-1. Despite the array of findings, the role of chemokines and cytokines that dictate the immune response and disease outcome is still poorly investigated.
Materials And Methods: Serum from 64 patients diagnosed with FS was used to draw and establish the levels of these molecules on this disease and establish the levels of these molecules with the severity of FS, and influence of treatment. Read More
Am J Kidney Dis 2017 Sep;70(3):e17-e18
Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
Neuroradiology 2017 Oct 16;59(10):951-962. Epub 2017 Aug 16.
Department of Neuroimaging Sciences, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Chancellor's Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK.
Purpose: Quantitative assessment of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) on structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is challenging. It is important to harmonise results from different software tools considering not only the volume but also the signal intensity. Here we propose and evaluate a metric of white matter (WM) damage that addresses this need. Read More
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2018 Jan 8;189:93-99. Epub 2017 Aug 8.
Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Piauí, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil. Electronic address:
In this paper we performed the study of two coprolites (fossilized feces) collected from the exposed levels of the Pedra de Fogo Formation, Parnaiba Sedimentary Basin, and Rio do Rasto Formation, Paraná Sedimentary Basin, both of the Palaeozoic era (Permian age). They were characterized using X-ray diffractometry, infrared, Raman and energy dispersive spectroscopy techniques in order to aid our understanding of the processes of fossilization and to discuss issues related to the feeding habits of the animals which generated those coprolites, probably cartilaginous fishes. The results obtained using a multitechnique approach showed that although these coprolites are from different geological formations, 3000km away from each other, they show the same major crystalline phases and elemental composition. Read More
Amyloid 2017 Sep 31;24(3):205-211. Epub 2017 Jul 31.
d Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine , Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville , TN , USA.
Background And Objectives: Light chain (AL) amyloidosis frequently involves the kidney, causing significant morbidity and mortality. A pathologic scoring system with prognostic utility has not been developed. We hypothesized that the extent of amyloid deposition and degree of scarring injury on kidney biopsy, could provide prognostic value, and aimed to develop pathologic scoring tools based on these features. Read More
J Am Soc Nephrol 2017 Nov 24;28(11):3300-3311. Epub 2017 Jul 24.
Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine,
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) functions through activation of LPA receptors (LPARs). LPA-LPAR signaling has been implicated in development of fibrosis. However, the role of LPA-LPAR signaling in development of diabetic nephropathy (DN) has not been studied. Read More
Am J Kidney Dis 2017 Nov 21;70(5):722-724. Epub 2017 Jul 21.
Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.
Hyperoxaluria can result in oxalate nephropathy with intratubular calcium oxalate crystallization and acute tubular injury. Primary inherited enzymatic deficiency or secondary causes such as excessive dietary intake, enteric increased absorption, or high doses of vitamin C, which is metabolized to oxalate, may underlie hyperoxaluria and oxalate nephropathy. We report a case of acute kidney injury due to oxalate nephropathy in a patient using chelating therapy with oral ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA), intravenous supplementation with vitamin C, and chronic diarrhea and discuss the potential kidney damage these factors can cause in particular settings. Read More
Am J Kidney Dis 2017 Aug;70(2):e9-e11
Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
Am J Kidney Dis 2017 Aug;70(2):e7-e8
Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
Am J Kidney Dis 2017 Aug;70(2):e13-e15
Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
Kidney Int 2017 12 12;92(6):1395-1403. Epub 2017 Jul 12.
Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA. Electronic address:
Chronic glomerular injury is associated with eventual development of tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Here we aimed to assess whether, and how, mild chronic tubulointerstitial injury affects glomeruli. For this, we generated mice expressing different toxin receptors, one on their proximal tubular epithelial cells (diphtheria toxin receptor [DTR]) and the other only on podocytes (human CD25 [IL-2R] driven by the nephrin promoter [Nep25]), allowing serial induction of tubule-specific and glomerular (podocyte)-specific injury, respectively. Read More
J Am Soc Nephrol 2017 Dec 12;28(12):3490-3503. Epub 2017 Jul 12.
Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine and
The TGF- and Wnt/-catenin pathways have important roles in modulating CKD, but how these growth factors affect the epithelial response to CKD is not well studied. TGF- has strong profibrotic effects, but this pleiotropic factor has many different cellular effects depending on the target cell type. To investigate how TGF- signaling in the proximal tubule, a key target and mediator of CKD, alters the response to CKD, we injured mice lacking the TGF- type 2 receptor specifically in this epithelial segment. Read More
Am J Kidney Dis 2017 Jul;70(1):e5-e6
Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN. Electronic address:
Am J Kidney Dis 2017 Jul;70(1):e3-e4
Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
Am J Kidney Dis 2017 Jul;70(1):e1-e2
Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.