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Contact Dermatitis 2021 Jun 15. Epub 2021 Jun 15.

Department of Dermatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.

Cureus 2021 Apr 19;13(4):e14568. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, PAK.

Introduction: Cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADRs) are the most common adverse drug reactions reported in the literature. CADRs have resulted in disabling infirmities during hospitalization and complications following outdoor drug therapy. The pattern of CADRs and the responsible drugs usually changes with the introduction of newer drugs and evolving clinical practices. Read More

Am J Emerg Med 2021 May 12;47:279-283. Epub 2021 May 12.

Dermatology Department, Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in emergency department (ED) patients with cutaneous adverse drug reactions to identify the severe patients at an early stage.

Methods: In this retrospective study, patients aged 18 and over who admitted to the ED of a university hospital with the diagnosis of cutaneous adverse drug reaction were included. For included patients, clinical findings and ED admission complete blood count results were recorded. Read More

Case Rep Dermatol 2021 Jan-Apr;13(1):154-163. Epub 2021 Mar 3.

Department of Paediatrics, Children's Hospital, London Health Sciences Centre, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.

Generalized bullous fixed drug eruptions (GBFDEs) are rare in the paediatric population. We present the case of a 7-year-old girl with GBFDE believed to be secondary to oral ibuprofen, who experienced rapid resolution of lesions and cessation of blistering with a 3-week course of oral cyclosporine. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a paediatric case of GBFDE treated with cyclosporine. Read More

J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2021 Mar 16. Epub 2021 Mar 16.

Department of Pharmacy Practice, Indo Soviet Friendship College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India.

Objectives: Ciprofloxacin (CIPRO) is a fluroquinolone class antibiotic used commonly for the treatment of various acute and chronic bacterial infections. However, recently there is increase in the case reports of CIPRO-induced Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions (CADRs). We aim to systematically review all the descriptive studies of CIPRO induced CADRs. Read More

Molecules 2021 Feb 12;26(4). Epub 2021 Feb 12.

Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, Justus-Von-Liebig-Weg 6, 18059 Rostock, Germany.

Consumption of drinking water with a high concentration of fluoride (>1.5 mg/L) causes detrimental health problems and is a challenging issue in various regions around the globe. In this study, a continuous fixed-bed column adsorption system was employed for defluoridation of water using volcanic rocks, virgin pumice (VPum) and virgin scoria (VSco), as adsorbents. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 Feb 23;14(2). Epub 2021 Feb 23.

Western Sydney Sexual Health Centre, Western Sydney Local Health District, Parramatta, New South Wales, Australia.

Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2021 Apr 26;131(4):e100-e107. Epub 2020 Dec 26.

Oral Medicine, Birmingham Dental Hospital and School of Dentistry, Birmingham, UK.

Fixed drug eruption (FDE) is a cutaneous adverse drug reaction characterized by recurrence of lesions at the same sites each time a specific drug is taken. Oral mucosal involvement is rare. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are one of the most common offending drug groups in FDE; however, selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors, such as etoricoxib, are rarely implicated. Read More

J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2021 05 13;9(5):2010-2015.e4. Epub 2021 Jan 13.

Centre for Antibiotic Allergy and Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia; The National Centre for Infections in Cancer, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Medicine (Austin Health), The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia.

Background: The use of in vivo and ex vivo diagnostic tools for delayed immune-mediated adverse drug reactions is currently ill defined.

Objective: To determine whether the combination of skin testing and/or IFN-γ enzyme-linked immunoSpot assay (ELISpot) can aid diagnosis of these allergy phenotypes.

Methods: Patients with antibiotic-associated severe delayed immune-mediated adverse drug reaction hypersensitivity, including Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis, drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis, generalized bullous fixed drug eruption, and severe maculopapular exanthema, were prospectively recruited. Read More

Dermatol Ther 2021 03 17;34(2):e14775. Epub 2021 Jan 17.

Department of Pathology, Manisa, Turkey.

Eur J Hosp Pharm 2020 Dec 18. Epub 2020 Dec 18.

Department of Pharmaceutics, Himalayan Institute of Pharmacy & Research, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.

A 42-year-old male patient visited the outpatient department for follow-up with a history of respiratory tract infection and diabetes mellitus. His main symptom was peeling of his epidermal layer of skin, and bullous fixed drug eruption on the lower and upper limbs and bank region of the body. Following assessment, the patient was prescribed levothyroxine, hydroxychloroquine, levofloxacin, and a combination of sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim. Read More

Clin Dermatol 2020 Nov - Dec;38(6):679-692. Epub 2020 Jun 26.

Private Practice, New York, New York, USA; Private Practice, Westport, Connecticut, USA. Electronic address:

Drug reactions are among the most common reasons for inpatient dermatology consultation. These reactions are important to identify because discontinuation of the offending agent may lead to disease remission. With the rising use of immunomodulatory and targeted therapeutics in cancer care and the increased incidence in associated reactions to these drugs, the need for accurate identification and treatment of such eruptions has led to the development of the "oncodermatology" subspecialty of dermatology. Read More

Clin Dermatol 2020 Nov - Dec;38(6):629-640. Epub 2020 Jun 29.

Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Electronic address:

Drug eruptions in children are common but in general less studied than their adult counterparts. Aside from having significant impact on the child's health and quality of life, these reactions can limit what medications the patient can receive in the future. Familiarity with pediatric drug eruptions is important for accurate diagnosis and to prevent future recurrence or ineffective therapy. Read More

Curr Drug Metab 2021 ;22(2):99-107

Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.

Cutaneous manifestations due to drugs used in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders are multiple and common. Adequate diagnosis is of great importance, bearing in mind that the therapeutic regimen depends on its diagnosis. In this review, we provided an overview of the most common drug-induced skin lesions with a detailed explanation of the disease course, presentation and treatment, having in mind that in recent years, novel therapeutic modalities have been introduced in the treatment of various gastrointestinal disorders, and that incidence of cutaneous adverse reactions has been on the rise. Read More

J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2021 03 8;9(3):1327-1337.e3. Epub 2020 Oct 8.

Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taipei, Keelung, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Cancer Vaccine and Immune Cell Therapy Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Dermatology, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, China; Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Whole-Genome Research Core Laboratory of Human Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan; Immune-Oncology Center of Excellence, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan; Department of Dermatology, Beijing Tsinghua Chang Gung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Department of Dermatology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Genomic Medicine Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan. Electronic address:

Background: Bullous skin disorders are induced by different pathomechanisms and several are emergent, including Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN). Rapid diagnostic methods for SJS/TEN or cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated bullous disorders are crucial for early treatment. Granulysin, primarily expressed by CTLs, is a specific cytotoxic protein responsible for SJS/TEN and similar skin reactions. Read More

Drug Saf 2020 12 25;43(12):1309-1314. Epub 2020 Sep 25.

Uppsala Monitoring Centre, Uppsala, Sweden.

Introduction: In late 2019, a new coronavirus-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-was discovered in Wuhan, China, and the World Health Organization later declared coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) a pandemic. Numerous drugs have been repurposed and investigated for therapeutic effectiveness in the disease, including those from "Solidarity," an international clinical trial (azithromycin, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, the fixed combination lopinavir/ritonavir, and remdesivir).

Objective: Our objective was to evaluate adverse drug reaction (ADR) reporting for drugs when used in the treatment of COVID-19 compared with use for other indications, specifically focussing on sex differences. Read More

Dermatol Ther 2020 11 18;33(6):e14247. Epub 2020 Sep 18.

Department of Dermatology, University of Sousse, Farhat Hached Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia.

J Dermatol 2020 Dec 29;47(12):e425-e426. Epub 2020 Aug 29.

Department of Dermatology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan.

Dermatol Ther 2020 11 14;33(6):e14233. Epub 2020 Sep 14.

Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Konya, Turkey.

J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021 Mar 30;35(3):607-614. Epub 2020 Sep 30.

Dermatology Department, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico la Fe, València, Spain.

Severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) [Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic syndrome (DRESS), acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP), and generalized bullous fixed eruption (GBFE)] are severe drug reactions that often require hospitalization and could be fatal. BRAF and MEK inhibitors (BRAF/MEKi) are a standard of care in patients with BRAF-mutated metastatic melanomas. These agents are administered until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity occurs. Read More

Indian Dermatol Online J 2020 May-Jun;11(3):361-366. Epub 2020 May 10.

Department of Paediatrics, Base Hospital Delhi Cantt, New Delhi, India.

Background: Fixed food eruption (FFE) is a rare type of hypersensitivity reaction occurring after ingestion of some food items in the form of recurrent erythematous patches, bullae, vesicle, or pustule at the same site after ingestion of same or related food products. Various items listed responsible for causing FFE include tree nuts, groundnuts, legumes, lentils, eggs, fruits like kiwi, strawberry, tonic water, and tartrazine. Its more commonly reported in developed countries with no Indian studies as of yet. Read More

Dermatol Ther 2020 07 9;33(4):e13492. Epub 2020 Jun 9.

Dermathopatology Section, Pathology Service, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.

Pediatr Dermatol 2020 Jul 13;37(4):756-758. Epub 2020 Apr 13.

Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.

Acetaminophen is one of the most widely prescribed analgesic drugs. Fixed drug eruption, especially the pigmenting type, is reported in literature as a possible adverse event to acetaminophen in child. We hereby present a case of generalized fixed drug eruption due to acetaminophen intake in a 5-year-old dark-skinned child. Read More

J Postgrad Med 2020 Apr-Jun;66(2):105-107

Department of Dermatology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, MMDU Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India.

Fixed drug eruption is one of the most common forms of cutaneous adverse drug reactions. Analgesics and antibiotics are the most common drugs causing fixed drug eruption. Here, we report a case of multiple widespread fixed drug eruption caused by rabeprazole. Read More

J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020 Nov 20;34(11):e697-e698. Epub 2020 Jul 20.

Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), Antwerp, Belgium.

Am Fam Physician 2020 03;101(6):355-361

Georgetown University Medical Center, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.

Genital ulcers may be located on the vagina, penis, and anorectal or perineal areas and may be infectious or noninfectious. Herpes simplex virus is the most common cause of genital ulcers in the United States. A diagnosis of genital herpes simplex virus infection is made through physical examination and observation of genital lesions. Read More

Case Rep Dermatol 2020 Jan-Apr;12(1):25-32. Epub 2020 Feb 4.

Department of Dermatology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Although hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is often associated with extrahepatic cutaneous manifestations such as lichen planus, it is unclear whether HCV or HCV-specific immune responses play a pathophysiological role in the development of HCV-related cutaneous diseases. We recently treated a patient who developed parapsoriasis en plaque-like lesions after ingestion of various drugs. She showed hypersensitivity to multiple drugs after interferon therapy. Read More

Acta Derm Venereol 2020 02 12;100(5):adv00057. Epub 2020 Feb 12.

Dokumentationszentrum schwerer Hautreaktionen (dZh), Department of Dermatology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Hauptstrasse 7, DE-79104 Freiburg, Germany.

Bullous drug eruptions are infrequent, but because they pose a challenge both to affected patients and to treating physicians they are considered to be the most severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCAR). It is important to recognize these conditions and to differentiate them from other clinical entities involving blister formation. There may be early signs and symptoms that indicate a severe bullous drug eruption even before blisters and erosions of the skin and mucous membranes become obvious. Read More

Am J Clin Dermatol 2020 Jun;21(3):393-399

Dermatology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Avenue, Medical Science Building H-576, Newark, NJ, 07103-2757, USA.

A fixed drug eruption (FDE) is a relatively common reaction associated with more than 100 medications. It is defined as a same-site recurrence with exposure to a particular medication. The primary approach and treatment for all types of FDEs are to identify and remove the causative agent, often accomplished by a thorough history of medication and other chemical exposures, and possibly prior episodes. Read More

Contact Dermatitis 2020 May 17;82(5):334-335. Epub 2020 Feb 17.

Department of Dermatology, Saint Georges Hospital University Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.