Ann Dermatol 2017 Aug 21;29(4):479-482. Epub 2017 Jun 21.

Department of Dermatology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.

Autoimmune progesterone dermatitis is a rare cyclic premenstrual reaction to progesterone produced during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. The clinical symptoms of autoimmune progesterone dermatitis overlap with other forms of dermatosis such as erythema multiforme, eczema, fixed drug eruption, urticaria, and angioedema. We experienced 3 cases of autoimmune progesterone dermatitis. Read More

Dermatol Res Pract 2017 28;2017:6216193. Epub 2017 Jun 28.

Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.

Background: Prevalence and incidence of drug eruptions vary around the world and are influenced by some key factors including HIV infection.

Objective: This study aimed to find the peculiarities of drug eruptions in people living with HIV (PLHIV) and on antiretroviral therapy (ART).

Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study including ART-taking PLHIV, aged 15+ years, followed up between January 2010 and December 2014 at the day-care unit of the Yaoundé Central Hospital, and who presented with drug eruptions after ART initiation. Read More

Hong Kong Med J 2017 Aug 7;23(4):395-403. Epub 2017 Jul 7.

Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Laichikok, Hong Kong.

Antipyretics are commonly prescribed drugs and hypersensitivity occurs at rates of 0.01% to 0.3%. Read More

Dermatol Online J 2017 Jun 15;23(6). Epub 2017 Jun 15.

Molecular Dermatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

Autoimmune progesterone dermatitis (APD) is a rare disorder characterized by periodic skin lesions that erupt during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Clinical manifestations of APD is caused by an unusual allergy to progesterone and has a wide range of clinical manifestations from eczema and urticaria to angioedema and erythema multiforme. A 46-year-old woman described recurrent, round erythematous plaques on the lower lip, both forearms and buttocks. Read More

Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2017 Jul 28;10(7):717-725. Epub 2017 Apr 28.

b Department of Dermatology , University of California, San Diego , La Jolla , CA , USA.

Introduction: Dapsone is a sulfone drug used to treat infectious conditions and also numerous dermatologic diseases. Fixed drug eruption is a distinctive adverse cutaneous reaction associated with the initial administration and subsequent delivery of a specific agent. Areas covered: The authors preformed a literature search using the following keywords: dapsone, fixed drug eruption, and adverse cutaneous drug reaction. Read More

Therapie 2017 Mar 25. Epub 2017 Mar 25.

Centre régional de pharmacovigilance de Sfax, faculté de médecine de Sfax, avenue Majida-Boulila, 3029 Sfax, Tunisie.

Introduction: Antiepileptic drugs are widely used and are associated with numerous side effects including skin eruptions. Epicutaneous tests have been used with variable success in skin drug reactions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the profitability of epicutaneous tests in delayed hypersensitivity reactions induced by antiepileptic drugs. Read More

Semin Diagn Pathol 2017 May 22;34(3):237-249. Epub 2017 Mar 22.

Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.

The terms 'lichenoid' and 'interface' dermatitis are often used interchangeably to describe an inflammatory pattern characterized histologically by damage to the basal keratinocytes in the epidermis. The mechanism of cell damage of such cells is now best understood as apoptosis, or programmed cell death. This inflammatory pattern of dermatoses, is also accompanied frequently by a band of lymphocytes and histiocytes in the superficial dermis, that often obscures the dermal-epidermal junction, hence the term 'lichenoid'. Read More

Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2017 Apr;17(4):23

Allergy Unit, Presidio Columbus, Via G. Moscati, 31, 00168, Rome, Italy.

Non-immediate cutaneous reactions (i.e., occurring at least 1 h after the initial drug administration), particularly maculopapular exanthemas and urticarial eruptions, are common during beta-lactam treatments. Read More

Dermatol Online J 2017 Feb 15;23(2). Epub 2017 Feb 15.

Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center.

Fixed drug eruptions (FDE) comprise 10 percent of alladverse cutaneous drug reactions and generalizedbullous fixed drug eruptions (GBFDE) are a raresubset of FDEs. We present a patient with severeGBFDE caused by ibuprofen successfully treated withcyclosporine. Further work is needed to determine ifcyclosporine can be an effective therapy for GBFDE. Read More

Curr Drug Saf 2017 Feb 9. Epub 2017 Feb 9.

Government Medical College and Sir Takhtsinhji General Hospital,India.

Introduction: Fluoroquinolones are most widely used for empirical treatment of gastrointestinal disease due to emergence of drug resistant strains to other antimicrobials. They are also indulged in cutaneous adverse drug reactions with varying form of severity.

Case Presentation: A 43 year old male patient developed fixed drug eruptions after administration of tablet norfloxacin and metronidazole for treatment of colicky abdominal pain with diarrhoea. Read More

Cutis 2016 Dec;98(6):E1-E2

Department of Periodontology, Kanti Devi Dental College and Hospital, Mathura, India.

Hautarzt 2017 Jan;68(1):29-35

Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie am Biederstein, Technische Universität München, Biedersteiner Str. 29, 80802, München, Deutschland.

Drug hypersensitivity reactions affect over 7% of the population and are problematic both for patients and doctors. They frequently occur in the form of exanthematous drug eruptions. The clinical manifestation of delayed hypersensitivity reactions is very variable ranging from localized fixed drug eruptions to life-threatening, severe bullous mucocutaneous eruptions or systemic drug hypersensitivity syndromes. Read More

Am J Dermatopathol 2017 Jun;39(6):471-475

Departments of *Dermatology, and †Pathology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain.

Fixed drug eruption (FDE) consists of recurrent dusky-red to brownish macules or patches at the same sites after the readministration of the causative drug. It usually presents as a solitary lesion, but generalized eruptions have been described. The most frequently implied drugs are antibiotics, anticonvulsants, and analgesics. Read More

Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2016 ;160(0):D470

Huisartsenpraktijk Nederweert, Nederweert.

Background: Fixed drug eruption is a hypersensitive skin response to drugs, which can present itself in different ways. The skin lesions are usually solitary, but can also appear as a maculopapular rash, Stevens-Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis. While fixed drug eruptions can be caused by various drugs, paracetamol is responsible in 1. Read More

An Bras Dermatol 2016 Sep-Oct;91(5):652-654

Hospital Universitário de Coimbra - Coimbra, Portugal.

Non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory drugs, followed by antibiotics, are the main causes of fixed drug eruption. They provoke one or several round erythematous or bullous lesions that recur in the same place after taking the causative medication. A positive patch test on residual, lesional skin can replace satisfactorily oral reintroduction. Read More

Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2016 Nov 27;25(11):1313-1319. Epub 2016 Jul 27.

Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.

Purpose: Severe skin reactions may complicate combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Nevirapine is known to be associated with severe skin reactions, but there are conflicting data on risk factors in African patients. We reviewed cases of severe skin reactions admitted to a tertiary hospital in Cape Town, South Africa. Read More

Am J Dermatopathol 2016 Nov;38(11):813-819

*Department of Dermatology, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Chile; †Melanoma Unit, Department of Dermatology, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; ‡Department of Pathology, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Chile; §Department of Medicine, Hospital de Carabineros de Chile, Chile; and ¶Department of Dermatology, Universidad del Desarrollo, Chile.

The face has not been considered a common site of fixed drug eruption, and the authors lack dermatoscopic studies of this condition on the subject. The authors sought to characterize clinical and dermatoscopic features of 8 cases of an eruptive facial postinflammatory lentigo. The authors conducted a retrospective review of 8 cases with similar clinical and dermatoscopic findings seen from 2 medical centers in 2 countries during 2010-2014. Read More

Eur J Dermatol 2017 Feb;27(1):86-88

Service de Dermatologie-Vénérologie, Hôpital Jean Bernard, Centre Hospitalier de Valenciennes, Avenue Désandrouin, 59 322 Valenciennes, France.

Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2017 Jan-Feb;83(1):108-112

Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Rabindranath Tagore Medical College, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India.

Dermatol Online J 2016 Jul 15;22(7). Epub 2016 Jul 15.

Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Centro Hospitalar de São João EPE, Porto, Portugal.

We describe a patient with a generalized bullous form of Fixed Drug Eruption (FDE) induced by bromhexine, a commonly used drug for respiratory symptoms. This is a rare association and generalized bullous FDE is also very rare. We emphasize the importance of patch tests in identifying the culprit drug. Read More

Dermatol Online J 2016 Apr 18;22(4). Epub 2016 Apr 18.

USC Keck School of Medicine.

Fixed drug eruption (FDE) is a type of cutaneous drug reaction that occurs at the same sites upon re-exposure to specific medications. Herein we discuss the case of a 23-year-old man with a FDE to fluconazole. Read More

Hautarzt 2016 Oct;67(10):780-785

Univ. Klinik für Dermatologie, LKH Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 8, 8036, Graz, Österreich.

The oral allergy syndrome is one of the most common form of food allergy and manifests as contact urticaria of the oral mucosa after consumption of cross reacting foods. Whereas allergic contact stomatitis often occurs due to dental materials, allergic contact cheilitis is usually a reaction due to topical therapeutics like herpes ointments or lip care products. As late type reactions are more frequent than immediate type reactions in the anogenital mucosa, contact dermatitis in this area should be identified via epicutaneous testing. Read More

Hautarzt 2017 Jan;68(1):59-63

Dokumentationszentrum schwerer Hautreaktionen, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Hauptstr. 7, 79104, Freiburg, Deutschland.

Severe bullous skin reactions like Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) and generalized bullous fixed drug eruption (GBFDE) are rare, but occasionally fatal diseases which are mainly induced by drugs. We report about 2 women who both developed severe bullous skin reactions after domestic falls. Despite knowing the causative drug and having an allergy identification, both patients suffered from a secondary event after unintentional re-exposure. Read More

Int J Dermatol 2016 Nov;55(11):1225-1233

Department of Dermatology, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France.

Background: Few studies have been published on the histopathology of cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADR), and most of these lack information on skin allergological tests. The histopathology of drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is also seldom described. The purpose of our study was to examine six types of well-documented CADR (maculopapular exanthema, DRESS, fixed drug eruption, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis [TEN], and acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis) using histopathology and immunohistochemistry to evaluate the expression of granulysin, a key molecule in TEN. Read More

Contact Dermatitis 2016 Aug;75(2):126-8

Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine of Sensory and Motor Organs, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8504, Japan.

Prog Urol 2016 Jun 17;26(8):435-6. Epub 2016 Jun 17.

Service dermatologie, CHU d'Angers, Hôtel Dieu, 4, rue Larrey, 49100 Angers cedex 9, France.

Conn Med 2016 Apr;80(4):223-5

A fixed drug eruption (FDE) is a toxic skin effect thought to be caused by delayed cell-mediated hypersensitivity to a pharmaceutical agent. We report herein the first known patient with capecitabine-induced FDE that appeared relatively late in the course of adjuvant therapy for rectal cancer. The temporal association with capecitabine use and prompt disappearance after capecitabine discontinuation make this relationship probable. Read More

Eur J Dermatol 2016 Aug;26(4):412-3

Department of Dermatology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan.

Indian J Pharmacol 2016 Mar-Apr;48(2):219-20

Department of Pathology, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

Fixed drug eruption (FDE) is an adverse effect observed with various drugs such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and various antibiotics. Acemetacin, a prodrug of indomethacin, is an NSAID licensed for use in rheumatic disease and other musculoskeletal disorders. We present a case of acemetacin-induced FDE in a 49-year-old woman. Read More

Ann Dermatol Venereol 2016 Dec 11;143(12):852-855. Epub 2016 Apr 11.

Service immunologie clinique et allergologie, centre hospitalier Lyon-Sud, 69495 Pierre-Bénite cedex, France; Inserm U1111-CIRI, 21, avenue T.-Garnier, 69007 Lyon, France; Université Claude-Bernard-Lyon I, 43, boulevard du 11-Novembre-1918, 69100 Villeurbanne, France.

Background: Determining the substance responsible for recurrent fixed drug eruption (FDE) may be difficult in the case of patients on multiple medication. Allergy testing may prove invaluable in such situations, as we demonstrate herein with an original case.

Patients And Methods: A 49-year-old man presented a rash on the seventh day of treatment with esomeprazole, clarithromycin and amoxicillin prescribed for gastritis involving Helicobacter pylori. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2016 Apr 8;17:231-4. Epub 2016 Apr 8.

Levine College of Health Sciences, Wingate University, Wingate, NC, USA.

Background: A fixed-drug eruption (FDE) is a reaction characterized by cutaneous lesions that appear due to exposure to a particular drug. Barbiturates, carbamazepine, sulfamethoxazole, and tetracyclines have all been associated with causation of FDEs. Although these drugs are more commonly associated with FDEs, any introduction of a medication has the potential to result in a FDE. Read More

Eur J Cancer 2016 Jun 1;60:12-25. Epub 2016 Apr 1.

Dermatology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Dermatologic adverse events (AEs) are some of the most frequently observed toxicities of immune-checkpoint inhibitor therapy, but they have received little attention. The drugs, pembrolizumab and nivolumab are recently approved inhibitors of the programmed death (PD)-1 receptor that have overlapping AE profiles however, the incidence, relative risk (RR), and clinico-morphological pattern of the associated dermatologic AEs are not known.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review of the literature, and performed a meta-analysis of dermatologic AEs observed with the use of pembrolizumab and nivolumab in cancer patients. Read More

Recent Pat Inflamm Allergy Drug Discov 2016 ;10(1):61-63

Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón. Allergy Department, 46 th Doctor Esquerdo Avenue, 28007 Madrid, Spain.

Background: Naproxen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), belonging to propionic acid group, and its chemical structure is a 6-metoxi-metil-2-naftalenoacetic acid. Fixed drug eruptions (FDE) have been rarely reported.

Objective: A 38-year-old woman referred that after 2 hours of taking 2 tablets of naproxen for a headache, she developed several edematous and dusky-red macules, one on right forearm and the other two in both thighs and she was diagnosed with FDE probably due to naproxen. Read More

Indian J Pharmacol 2016 Jan-Feb;48(1):83-5

Department of Dermatology, Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.

Fixed drug eruption (FDE) is a common type of drug eruption seen in skin clinics. It is characterized by solitary or multiple, round to oval erythematous patches with dusky red centers, some of which may progress to bulla formation. Bullous FDE may be caused by a number of drugs. Read More

Indian J Dermatol 2016 Jan-Feb;61(1):121

Department of Dermatology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.

We report a case of a 42-year-old male who presented with second episode of bullous eruptions after ingestion of paracetamol. There were no systemic complaints. The temporal correlation with the drug, history of a similar episode and the quick improvement led us to a diagnosis of bullous fixed drug due to paracetamol. Read More

Case Rep Dermatol 2016 Jan-Apr;8(1):14-8. Epub 2016 Jan 28.

Department of Dermatology, Columbia University, New York, N.Y., USA.

Fixed drug eruption (FDE) is a localized type IV sensitivity reaction to a systemically introduced allergen. It usually occurs as a result of new medication, making identification and avoidance of the trigger medication straightforward; however, in a rare subset of cases no pharmacological source is identified. In such cases, the causative agent is often a food or food additive. Read More

Eur J Dermatol 2016 Apr;26(2):207-8

Department of Internal Medicine.

Ann Dermatol Venereol 2016 Mar 10;143(3):223-4. Epub 2016 Feb 10.

Service de dermatologie, CHU de Bouaké, Bouaké, Côte d'Ivoire.

Am J Dermatopathol 2016 Feb;38(2):e22-6

Department of Pathology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY.

Neutrophilic dermatosis (ND) confined to postmastectomy lymphedema, localized Sweet syndrome, is a newly recognized disease. In this study, the authors describe a 44-year-old obese woman with chronic myelogenous leukemia in molecular remission on dasatinib therapy, who presented with a painful urticarial eruption limited to lipo-lymphedematous skin and accompanied by malaise, episodic fever, diarrhea, neutrophilia, and leukocytosis. Initially transient and migratory, the rash became fixed, papular, and vesicular and showed minimal response to corticosteroids. Read More

J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2015 ;25(6):444-5

J Clin Diagn Res 2015 Dec 1;9(12):OD04-5. Epub 2015 Dec 1.

Director Professor and Head, Department of Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College , New Delhi, India .

Antiepileptic drugs (AED) are a common culprit of cutaneous eruptions in clinical practice. Phenytoin, lamotrigine and carbamazepine are the commonest offenders. Maculopapular eruptions are the most frequently reported events. Read More

Allergol Int 2016 Apr 17;65(2):221-2. Epub 2016 Jan 17.

Department of Dermatology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka, Japan.

Dermatol Res Pract 2015 10;2015:236703. Epub 2015 Dec 10.

Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah 6714415333, Iran.

Background. Generalized fixed drug eruption is a specific variant of fixed drug eruption with multifocal lesions. Diagnosis of this drug reaction is straightforward, but occasionally recognition of the causative drug is not possible. Read More

J Clin Diagn Res 2015 Nov 1;9(11):FC17-20. Epub 2015 Nov 1.

Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College , Miraj, India .

Introduction: Skin is the most commonly involved organ in adverse drug reactions. Most of the cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADRs) being of mild to moderate severity are likely to be diagnosed and treated in an outpatient setting. Consequently, knowledge regarding morphological pattern, severity and drugs implicated in causation of these CADRs has important implications for healthcare personnel. Read More

Semin Immunopathol 2016 Jan 9;38(1):75-86. Epub 2015 Nov 9.

Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Gloriastrasse 31, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland.

Adverse cutaneous drug reactions are recognized as being major health problems worldwide causing considerable costs for health care systems. Most adverse cutaneous drug reactions follow a benign course; however, up to 2% of all adverse cutaneous drug eruptions are severe and life-threatening. These include acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP), drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). Read More

Allergol Int 2015 Oct 15;64(4):377-8. Epub 2015 May 15.

Department of Dermatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan.

J Clin Diagn Res 2015 Jul 1;9(7):ZD22-4. Epub 2015 Jul 1.

Associate Professor, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, SVS Institute of Dental Sciences , Appanapally, Mahabubnagar, Telangana, India .

Adverse drug associated mucocutaneous reactions having a preponderance to occur above 1% include urticaria, angioedema, photosensitivity, fixed drug eruptions and Erythema Multiforme (EM). EM is an acute inflammatory disease of the skin and mucous membranes that causes a variety of skin lesions-hence named 'multiforme'. The aetiological spectrum of EM is wide and is attributed to infectious agents, drugs and food additives. Read More

J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2016 Aug 15;30(8):1417-9. Epub 2015 Sep 15.

Department of Dermatology, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.

Indian J Dermatol 2015 Jul-Aug;60(4):421

Department of Dermatology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.

A 33-year-old male showed multiple pigmented patches on his trunk and extremities after he took tranexamic acid for common cold. He stated that similar eruptions appeared when he was treated with tranexamic acid for influenza 10 months before. Patch test showed positive results at 48 h and 72 h by 1% and 10% tranexamic acid at the lesional skin only. Read More

Ann Dermatol Venereol 2015 Dec 4;142(12):780-1. Epub 2015 Aug 4.

Service de dermatologie, hôpital Laennec, 14 bis, avenue Yves-Thépot, BP 1757, 29107 Quimper cedex, France.