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Intern Med 2018 Dec 10;57(24):3537-3543. Epub 2018 Aug 10.

Department of Gastroenterology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Japan.

A 20-year old man was diagnosed with fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FLHCC) with multiple lung metastases, and chemotherapy with FOLFOX was administered. Contrast enhanced CT after 3 cycles of FOLFOX showed no disease progression. We therefore performed surgical resection and radiofrequency ablation of the liver lesions and lung metastases, after obtaining the patient's informed consent. Read More

Abdom Radiol (NY) 2018 Dec;43(12):3340-3348

Division of Diagnostic Imaging, Body Imaging Section, Unit 1473, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030-4009, USA.

Objective: The aim of our study is to describe the multiphasic CT features of fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinomas (FLHCCs) and pattern of distant metastases.

Materials And Methods: 33 patients (mean age 28 years: 17M/16F) with pathologically confirmed FLHCC and pre-treatment multiphasic CT were included in the study. Two abdominal radiologists evaluated the multiphasic CT imaging features of these 33 FLHCC patients in consensus. Read More

Gastroenterology 2018 10 5;155(4):e9-e10. Epub 2018 Jun 5.

Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.

Acta Gastroenterol Belg 2017 Jul-Sep;80(3):422-424

Service de Gastro-entérologie, CHU Tivoli (ULB), La Louvière, Belgium.

A 34-year-old woman in the 22nd week of gestation presented with generalized pruritis and weight loss since the first trimester of pregnancy. Physical examination revealed cutaneous scratch lesions, jaundice, and hepatomegaly. Blood tests revealed cholestasis with elevated direct bilirubinemia. Read More

Cancer Imaging 2018 Mar 1;18(1). Epub 2018 Mar 1.

Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, INF 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.

Background: Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FLC) is a rare malignancy occurring in young patients without cirrhosis. Objectives of our study were to analyze contrast material uptake in hepatobiliary phase imaging (HBP) in gadoxetic acid-enhanced liver MRI in patients with FLC and to characterize imaging features in sequence techniques other than HBP.

Methods: In this retrospective study on histology-proven FLC, contrast material uptake in HBP was quantitatively assessed by calculating the corrected FLC enhancement index (CEI) using mean signal intensities of FLC and lumbar muscle on pre-contrast imaging and HBP, respectively. Read More

Eur Radiol 2018 Apr 27;28(4):1529-1539. Epub 2017 Oct 27.

Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 101 Manning Drive, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA.

Purpose: To determine if rare primary malignancies of the liver may have consistent features on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Materials And Methods: This IRB-compliant retrospective study reviewed the records from the pathology departments of four university centres over an 11-year period from 2005-2016 to identify rare primary malignant tumours, which were cross-referenced with MRI records. MRI studies of these patients were reviewed to determine if these tumours exhibited consistent and distinctive features. Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2017 12;36:50-54. Epub 2017 May 12.

Department of Surgery, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker School of Medicine/West Michigan Cancer Center, Kalamazoo, MI, United States. Electronic address:

Background: Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FL-HCC) is a rare and unique variant of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) whose presentation remains inadequately described. We present a resectable case of FL-HCC which involved tumor thrombus of the common bile duct.

Presentation: A 27 year-old male presenting with jaundice, abdominal pain, vomiting, hepatic dysfunction and hyperbilirubinemia was found to have a large liver mass and lymphadenopathy on preoperative imaging. Read More

Rom J Morphol Embryol 2017 ;58(1):187-192

Center of General Surgery and Liver Transplantation, "Fundeni" Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania;

Aim: Fibrolamellar carcinoma (FLC) has been considered a distinct clinical entity vs. hepatocellular carcinoma, with respect to its epidemiology, etiology, and prognosis.

Case Presentation: We describe the unusual case of a 23-year-old female patient with FLC and ovarian (Krukenberg) and peritoneal metastases, clinically mimicking an ovarian carcinoma. Read More

Rev Esp Enferm Dig 2016 Aug;108(8):494-5

Medicina de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la rrixac, España.

We present the case of a young man with a hepatic mass in which ultrasound gives great and immediate support for diferential diagnosis. Read More

Diagn Cytopathol 2016 Sep 24;44(9):757-60. Epub 2016 May 24.

Cytology Division, Department of Pathology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi.

The fibrolamellar variant of hepatocellular carcinoma (FL-HCC) is distinguished from other hepatocellular carcinoma's (HCC) by its unique clinical and pathological features. Cytological features of this tumor on fine needle aspiration have been described earlier. We report a rare case of a 17-year-old African American male with metastatic FL-HCC, diagnosed by body fluid cytology. Read More

World J Surg Oncol 2016 May 23;14(1):151. Epub 2016 May 23.

Department of Surgery II, Faculty of Medicine, Clinic for Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, OKL, University of Leipzig, Liebig Strasse 20, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.

Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FL-HCC) is a malignant liver tumor which is thought to be a variant of conventional hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It accounts for a small proportion of HCC cases and occurs in a distinctly different group of patients which are young and usually not in the setting of chronic liver disease. The diagnosis of FL-HCC requires the integration of clinical information, imaging studies, and histology. Read More

J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2016 Feb;31(2):286

Mayo Clinic Arizona, Department of Radiology, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA.

JAMA Surg 2015 Jul;150(7):677-8

Department of Surgery, Michigan State University, College of Human Medicine, East Lansing.

Pol J Radiol 2015 31;80:168-71. Epub 2015 Mar 31.

Department of Radiology, Nizams Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India.

Background: Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma is a rare primary malignant liver tumor, significantly different from generic hepatocellular carcinoma with distinct demographics, risk factors, imaging features, histopathology and prognosis.

Case Report: Unlike conventional hepatocellular carcinoma, it presents in young individuals with no preexisting hepatitis or cirrhosis and does not cause elevation of serum alpha feto proteins in most cases. This paper presents a case report of this rare tumor in a young female with an unusual clinical manifestation of obstructive jaundice (which has not been reported so far) along with a review of its imaging and pathological features, with treatment options. Read More

Radiol Bras 2014 Sep-Oct;47(5):310-6

Private Docent, Professor, Department of Imaging Diagnosis - Escola Paulista de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-Unifesp), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Most malignant liver tumors are represented by hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma; however a variety of other uncommon hepatic lesions might also be found. Common lesions such as hemangioma, focal nodular hyperplasia and metastases are well known and have already been extensively documented in the literature. The diagnosis of typical hepatic lesions may be done with some reliability by means of several imaging methods; on the other hand, uncommon lesions normally represent a diagnostic challenge for the radiologist. Read More

Abdom Imaging 2015 Aug;40(6):1904-25

Departments of Radiology, Fondation Hôpital Saint-Joseph, 185 Rue Raymond Losserand, 75674, Paris, France.

A central element was first described in focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) as a so-called "central scar," and is normally associated with this entity. However, many other liver masses may present with a central element. Depending on its appearance, and the lesion itself, central elements can be essential, helpful, or confusing for diagnosis. Read More

Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2014 Dec;13(6):618-21

Digestive Surgery Division, Department of Gastroenterology, University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Avenida Doutor Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 255, Instituto Central, 9 degree andar, Sala 9074, CEP: 05403-900, Cerqueira Cesar-Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Background: Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FLHCC) is a rare disease with an indolent behavior. Its prognosis is better than that of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. The authors present their experience with resection of FLHCC. Read More

Pan Afr Med J 2014 18;18:155. Epub 2014 Jun 18.

Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Militaire de Gabes 6000, Tunisie.

JIMD Rep 2014 5;16:47-50. Epub 2014 Jul 5.

Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15-2TH, UK,

We report an unusual case of recurrent non-hepatic hyperammonaemic encephalopathy in an adult patient. She had a previous history of treated fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FLC). This posed a diagnostic challenge, as she had normal liver function tests and normal looking liver on imaging but with extra hepatic metastases. Read More

Br J Radiol 2014 Aug 4;87(1040):20140024. Epub 2014 Jun 4.

1 Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.

Objective: Fibrolamellar carcinoma (FLC) is a rare disease, with limited radiographic reported information. We assessed the imaging patterns of primary and metastatic FLC.

Methods: CT and MR examinations of patients with FLC were retrospectively reviewed. Read More

AJR Am J Roentgenol 2014 Mar;202(3):544-52

1 Division of Diagnostic Imaging, Body Imaging Section, Unit 1473, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030-4009.

Objective: Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a rare primary liver tumor, which significantly differs from conventional HCC. This article reviews the molecular cytogenetics, pathology, imaging features, and management of this relatively rare tumor.

Conclusion: Fibrolamellar HCC predominantly occurs in young patients without underlying hepatitis or cirrhosis. Read More

Jpn J Radiol 2013 Oct 13;31(10):706-12. Epub 2013 Jul 13.

Department of Bio-Sciences and Radiological Imaging, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.

Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FHCC) is a rare malignant tumor of hepatocyte origin occurring earlier in life than typical hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We describe a distinctive case of FHCC with biliary tumor thrombus (BTT) in a 25-year-old Caucasian patient, pointing out the imaging features supported by histopathology. Read More

Liver Int 2014 Feb 7;34(2):227-34. Epub 2013 Jul 7.

Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids), Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Background & Aims: Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH), a benign liver tumour, has a characteristic appearance on diagnostic imaging (DI) and histology. The role of liver biopsy in children for the diagnosis of FNH is unclear. This study investigates the diagnostic accuracy of DI for FNH in children without comorbidities, compared to liver biopsy. Read More

Surg Today 2014 Jul 5;44(7):1359-66. Epub 2013 Jul 5.

First Department of Surgery, Yamanashi University School of Medicine, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo-city, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan,

We report a case of typical fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FL-HCC) in a 16-year-old Japanese boy. This is very rare malignancy in Japan. The patient was referred for investigation of a large hepatic tumor and the results of tests for hepatitis B virus surface antigen and hepatitis C virus antibody were negative. Read More

Diagn Interv Imaging 2013 Apr 19;94(4):443-52. Epub 2013 Feb 19.

Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Estaing University Hospital, Radiology and Medical Imaging Department, 1 place Lucie-Aubrac, Clermont-Ferrand cedex 1, France.

Objective: To assess the value of magnetic resonance cholangiography with gadobenate dimeglumine (Gd-BOPTA) where there is a suspicion of bile leakage in the post-liver transplant patient.

Patients And Methods: Eight patients who had undergone a liver transplant underwent 14 MR cholangiograms, five of whom presented bile leakage while the other three had no biliary system complications. The results were compared to conventional bile duct opacification (by endoscopy or t-tube cholangiogram). Read More

Wien Med Wochenschr 2013 Mar 8;163(5-6):113-22. Epub 2013 Feb 8.

Department Radiologie, Medizinische Universität Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Österreich.

Modern radiology offers countless opportunities both in the detection but also in the characterization of primary liver malignancies. Ultrasound remains usually the first exploratory overview study whereat using ultrasound contrast agent for a further characterization of liver lesions improves this technique considerably. Advanced cross-sectional imaging methods can, in most cases, already provide an exact diagnosis. Read More

Pediatr Radiol 2013 Mar 6;43(3):330-8. Epub 2012 Oct 6.

Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnett Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.

Background: Patients with congenital heart disease corrected by Fontan palliation have chronic liver congestion that commonly progresses to fibrosis and cirrhosis with resultant complications.

Objective: To define the hepatic imaging characteristics associated with Fontan circulation.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study was performed in patients who underwent Fontan palliation who had CT or MR examinations including the liver. Read More

Recent Results Cancer Res 2013 ;190:101-10

Department of Surgical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA.

The fibrolamellar variant of hepatocellular carcinoma is a rare primary liver cancer occurring in adolescents and young adults without chronic liver disease or known risk factors. Histologically, it is defined by lamellar bands of fibrosis surrounding well-differentiated tumor cells. Radiologic imaging typically demonstrates a large, solitary mass with calcifications and a central scar. Read More

Pediatr Cardiol 2012 Jun 25;33(5):872-3. Epub 2012 Mar 25.

Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, 6621 Fannin St, MC-19345-C, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

QJM 2011 Jun 14;104(6):477-83. Epub 2011 Apr 14.

Department of Cadres, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110001, China.

We report a case of liver cancer with features consistent with fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FLHCC) detected by PET-CT scan. A 20-year-old female with a large liver tumor was diagnosed with 'malignant hepatic tumor' 2 years earlier and received five courses of transhepatic arterial chemoembolization (TACE) before she presented to our hospital with abdominal distension and mild pain at the right upper quadrant. Ultrasound and CT scan showed a large tumor in the right lobe of the liver. Read More

Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2011 Jan;40(1):17-22

Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.

Objective: To study the clinicopathologic features of focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) of liver.

Methods: The clinical, radiologic, pathologic findings and follow-up data of 238 cases of FNH were retrospectively analyzed.

Results: The patients included 93 females and 145 males. Read More

Eur J Surg Oncol 2011 Jan;37(1):72-9

Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Norrebrogade 44, Aarhus, Denmark.

Aims: No valid markers are routinely available to follow disease progression in patients with fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FLHCC). We report data suggesting that the vitamin B12 binding protein haptocorrin (HC) may prove a suitable marker.

Methods: We monitored a 15-year-old boy diagnosed to have FLHCC by measuring the common markers alanine aminotransaminase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, and bilirubin, as well as vitamin B12 (B12), and the forms of the B12 binding proteins. Read More

J Gastrointest Cancer 2010 Mar;41(1):2-5

Department of Radiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.

Introduction: We report a rare case of a 23-year-old male who presented with abdominal discomfort for 15 days. An ultrasound was performed which showed a hypoechoic, heterogenous mass in the left lobe of the liver and distended portal vein, followed by further investigation with computed tomography (CT), MRI, and MRA. Serum alpha-fetoprotein was not elevated and hepatitis B antigen was negative. Read More

Semin Ultrasound CT MR 2009 Oct;30(5):418-25

Department of Radiology, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.

Central or eccentric scar has been described in (most frequently) focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH), large hemangioma, and fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma, and moreover, a central scar may be rarely seen in conventional nonfibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma, (peripheral type) cholangiocarcinoma, and some hepatic metastases. Among the liver tumors with central or eccentric scar, differentiating FNH from other solid hepatic tumors is important because FNH usually requires no treatment. Multiphasic computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are useful for the differential diagnosis of liver tumors with central or eccentric scar. Read More

Am J Gastroenterol 2009 Oct 28;104(10):2617-24; quiz 2625. Epub 2009 Jul 28.

Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China.

Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FHLCC) generally occurs in young individuals lacking a background of chronic liver disease and other risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma. The clinical presentations of FLHCC are generally nonspecific, and the alpha-fetoprotein level is typically within the normal range in most cases. Imaging studies have a major role in clinical diagnosis, but pathology is the gold standard in confirming diagnosis. Read More

Rev Med Chil 2009 Mar 15;137(3):394-400. Epub 2009 Jun 15.

Instituto Oncológico Fundación Arturo López Pérez, Santiago,Chile.

Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FLC) is a rare histologic variant of hepatocellular carcinoma that appears most commonly in teenagers and young adults. The diagnosis is often made incidentally and surgical resection is the only curative treatment. Here we report two cases of incidental FLC involving a 19 year-old male, initially diagnosed with screening abdominal ultrasound, and a 14 year-old female that presented with abdominal pain. Read More

Gastroenterol Clin Biol 2009 May 9;33(5):382-6. Epub 2009 Apr 9.

Service de radiologie et imagerie médicale, Hôtel-Dieu, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, boulevard Leon-Malfreyt, 63058 Clermont-Ferrand cedex, France.

In most cases, fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma has specific and distinctive histopathological features that distinguish it from hepatocellular carcinoma. Magnetic resonance imaging can provide characteristic features to obtain a diagnosis of this entity. We report a case of fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma with a radiological-pathological correlation in a 37 year-old man with chronic viral hepatitis B without cirrhosis who underwent right hepatectomy. Read More

J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2008 Dec;30(12):968-71

Department of Oncology, Hospital San Joan de Déu, Universidad de Barcelona, Spain.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a rare pediatric neoplasm exceptionally reported in infants and fibrolamellar hepatocarcinoma (FLC) a HCC variant. Controversy exists whether FLC has a better prognosis than classic HCC, although recent studies of children and young adults with FLC did not report a better outcome. We present a 4-month-old male infant without any related metabolic or infectious disease who developed a metastatic and multifocal FLC. Read More

Transplant Proc 2008 Dec;40(10):3806-7

Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.

Fibrolamellar (FL) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a distinctive form of primary HCC that occurs principally in children and young adults. Although liver transplantation is not contraindicated for FL-HCC, noncirrhotic patients with large HCC tumors (including FL-HCCs) are not prioritized. Although hepatic resection is considered to be the primary treatment for FL-HCC, living donor liver transplantation is evolving into a potentially better alternative. Read More

Clin Nucl Med 2008 Sep;33(9):633-4

Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.

Radiographics 2008 Mar-Apr;28(2):609-13

Department of Radiology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, 12631 E 17th Ave, MS 8200, Bldg L15, Room 2414, PO Box 6511, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.

Hepatol Res 2008 May 6;38(5):529-33. Epub 2007 Dec 6.

Department of Surgery, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan.

A sclerosed hemangioma of the liver is an extremely rare type of benign hepatic tumor. A 77-year-old female was referred to Tokushima University Hospital with fever, abnormal liver function tests and a large liver mass. The tumor, 10 x 5 cm in size and located in segment 5-6 of the liver, was depicted as a low density tumor with enhancement by computed tomography (CT). Read More

Diagn Cytopathol 2006 Aug;34(8):568-71

Department of Medical Biology and Pathology, Institut Gustave Roussy, France.

We report a case of a 16-yr-old girl with a liver tumor revealed by thrombophlebitis of the left leg. On physical examination the patient was found to have painless hepatomegaly. Ultrasound and CAT scan showed a large tumor of the left portion of the liver, measuring 14 cm in diameter. Read More

JBR-BTR 2005 Sep-Oct;88(5):237-40

Dienst Radiologie, Stedelijk Ziekenhuis Roeselare, Roeselare, Belgium.

A 65-year old woman with recurrent deep vein thrombosis underwent a CT scan of the upper abdomen for detection of underlying malignancy. A fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma with extrahepatic subdiaphragmatic satellite lesion was found. This uncommon tumor has distinct clinical, pathological, radiological and prognostic features and therefore it is important to distinguish it from benign liver tumors, especially FNH, and from other malignant liver tumors such as conventional HCC. Read More

Hepatogastroenterology 2003 Nov-Dec;50(54):1886-8

Department of Surgery II, Kanazawa Medical University Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku-gun, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan.

We report a case of fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma, which occurred in a 58-year-old man with normal liver function. Preoperative ultrasonography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging depicted a large tumor in the left lateral segment, which was compatible with the typical radiological features of fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma. He underwent left lobectomy and no lymphadenopathy or distant metastasis was demonstrated. Read More

Isr Med Assoc J 2003 Mar;5(3):216-7

Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Hum Pathol 2002 Jul;33(7):765-9

Department of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery and the Institute of Pathology, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland.

A large hepatic tumor was detected in the noncirrhotic liver of a 27-year-old female patient. The tumor was radiologically characterized by a peripheral mass encircling a central ovoid tumor, and was resected by an extended right hemihepatectomy. Histologic examination revealed that the peripheral and major component of the tumor represented a fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma, whereas the central, well-demarcated tumor was a less well-differentiated adult-type hepatocellular carcinoma completely encircled by the former. Read More

Malays J Pathol 2001 Dec;23(2):115-8

Department of Pathology, Hospital Sultanah Aminah, Johor Bahru, Malaysia.

A 6-year-old Malay boy presented with fever and abdominal pain for 2 months. Computerised tomography showed a nodular mass in the left lobe of the liver. There was also portal vein thrombosis on the left side. Read More

Radiology 2002 May;223(2):532-9

Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 200 Lothrop St, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.

Purpose: To determine the performance of radiologists with differing levels of expertise in the diagnosis of the most common types of liver tumors with central scars (ie, focal nodular hyperplasia [FNH], fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC], and large hepatic hemangioma) by using specific computed tomographic (CT) findings.

Materials And Methods: Review of medical records at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center identified patients with a total of 64 liver tumors that had central scars-including 29 cases of FNH, 20 fibrolamellar HCCs, and 15 large (>3.5 cm in diameter) hemangiomas-and with CT scans available for review. Read More

J Clin Gastroenterol 2002 Apr;34(4):463-71

Department of Radiology, Medical College of Virginia of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298-0615, USA.

Over the last decade, major advances in computed tomography and magnetic resonance technology have occurred. These advances enable accurate, noninvasive detection and characterization of many hepatic neoplasms. This article illustrates the role of imaging in the evaluation of hepatic neoplasms and reviews the typical imaging features of both benign and malignant hepatic tumors. Read More