5,520 results match your criteria Fibrogenesis & Tissue Repair [Journal]
Cell Physiol Biochem 2018 Dec 6;51(5):2111-2122. Epub 2018 Dec 6.
Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Rui'an,
Background/aims: Sestrin 2 is associated with the pathophysiology of several diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects and potential mechanisms of Sestrin 2 in rat hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) during liver fibrogenesis.
Methods: In this study, Sestrin 2 protein expression was detected in rat HSC-T6 cells challenged with transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and in mice treated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), a well-known model of hepatic fibrosis. Read More
Domest Anim Endocrinol 2018 Nov 3;67:1-10. Epub 2018 Nov 3.
Department of Morphology and Function, CIISA- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
Prostaglandin E (PGE) has contradictory effects in many organs. It may have proinflammatory, anti-inflammatory, or anti-fibrotic roles, depending on the type of receptors to which it binds. By signaling through its receptors EP2 and EP4, PGE mediates anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic actions. Read More
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018 Nov 28. Epub 2018 Nov 28.
State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China. Electronic address:
The activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) plays a critical role in liver fibrosis. In current study, γ-mangostin (γ-man), one of the major xanthones from mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana), was found to alleviate fibrogenesis in human immortalized HSCs (LX-2 cells) and in liver from chronic carbon tetrachloride (CCl) injured mice. γ-Man suppressed the expressions of collagen I and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in LX-2 cells in both dose and time dependent manners. Read More
Genes (Basel) 2018 Nov 29;9(12). Epub 2018 Nov 29.
Biogen, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
Fibroblasts/myofibroblasts are the key effector cells responsible for excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and fibrosis progression in both idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and systemic sclerosis (SSc) patient lungs, thus it is critical to understand the transcriptomic and proteomic programs underlying their fibrogenic activity. We conducted the first integrative analysis of the fibrotic programming in these cells at the levels of gene and microRNA (miRNA) expression, as well as deposited ECM protein to gain insights into how fibrotic transcriptional programs culminate in aberrant ECM protein production/deposition. We identified messenger RNA (mRNA), miRNA, and deposited matrisome protein signatures for IPF and SSc fibroblasts obtained from lung transplants using next-generation sequencing and mass spectrometry. Read More
Histol Histopathol 2018 Dec 5:18072. Epub 2018 Dec 5.
Department of Forensic Pathology, China Medical University School of Forensic Medicine, Liaoning Province, PR China.
HIPK2 is an evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinase and is considered a co-regulator of an increasing number of transcription factors modulating a variety of cellular processes, including inflammation, proliferation and fibrosis. Skeletal muscle injuries repair is an overlapping event between inflammation and tissue repair. There are no reports about HIPK2 expression in skeletal muscles after trauma. Read More
Surgery 2018 Dec 1. Epub 2018 Dec 1.
Pediatric Liver and Gut Research Group and Section of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland. Electronic address:
Background: Progression of fibrosis and ensuing complications determine the postoperative course of patients operated on for biliary atresia. We evaluated predictors of the progression of fibrosis in the native liver after operative treatment.
Methods: Among patients whose bilirubin decreased to <34 µmol/L after portoenterostomy (n = 41), predictors of follow-up cirrhosis and the progression of fibrosis were analyzed with logistic regression and survival of their native liver was evaluated with the Kaplan-Meier method. Read More
Curr Eye Res 2018 Dec 4. Epub 2018 Dec 4.
a Department of Ophthalmology, Clinical Medical College , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou , Jiangsu Province , China.
Background: To determine the involvement of MicroRNA-200b (miR-200b) in human Tenon's fibroblasts (HTFs) fibrosis.
Methods: HTFs were treated with 10 ng/ml TGF-β1 for 24 hours. Expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), Fibronectin and Collagen1A1 (COL1A1) was assessed by western blot and immunofluorescence. Read More
Dig Dis Sci 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.
Boehringer-Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorfer Str. 65, 88397, Biberach an der Riss, Germany.
Background: There is a marked need for improved animal models of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) to facilitate the development of more efficacious drug therapies for the disease.
Methods: Here, we investigated the development of fibrotic NASH in male Wistar rats fed a choline-deficient L-amino acid-defined (CDAA) diet with or without cholesterol supplementation for subsequent assessment of drug treatment efficacy in NASH biopsy-confirmed rats. The metabolic profile and liver histopathology were evaluated after 4, 8, and 12 weeks of dieting. Read More
Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018 Nov 30. Epub 2018 Nov 30.
Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China. Electronic address:
Liver fibrosis, an important health condition associated with chronic liver injury that provides a permissive environment for cancer development, is characterized by the persistent deposition of extracellular matrix components that are mainly derived from activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). CDH11 belongs to a group of transmembrane proteins that are principally located in adherens junctions. CDH11 mediates homophilic cell-to-cell adhesion, which may promote the development of cirrhosis. Read More
Biomaterials 2018 Nov 21;192:440-460. Epub 2018 Nov 21.
Eduardo Anitua Foundation for Biomedical Research, Vitoria, Spain; BTI-Biotechnology Institute ImasD, Vitoria, Spain; University Institute for Regenerative Medicine & Oral Implantology, UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), Vitoria, Spain. Electronic address:
The healing of vascularized mammalian tissue injuries initiate with hemostasis and clotting as part of biological defense system leading to the formation of a fibrin clot in which activated platelets are trapped to quickly stop bleeding and destroy microbials. In order to harness the therapeutic potential of biomolecules secreted by platelets and stemmed from plasma, blood deconstruction has allowed to yield autologous platelet-and plasma-derived protein fibrin scaffold. The autologous growth factors and microparticles stemmed from platelets and plasma, interact with fibrin, extracellular matrix, and tissue cells in a combinatorial, synergistic, and multidirectional way on mechanisms governing tissue repair. Read More
Bull Exp Biol Med 2018 Dec 28;166(2):274-278. Epub 2018 Nov 28.
N. N. Priorov Central Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
Structural dynamics of the fibrous basis of the reparative regenerate during spontaneous skin wound healing comprises multiple stages, it successively transforms from one organization level to another more complex level, forms a multilevel 3D structure including molecular, supramolecular, fibrillar, fiber, and tissue elements. The formed reparative regenerate is integrated with the preserved skin, together they have common fibrous basis consisting of three parts that are different in organization of fibrous structures: atypical (central), tissue organospecific (peripheral), and transitional. Read More
Front Cell Dev Biol 2018 12;6:150. Epub 2018 Nov 12.
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
Activation of hepatic stellate cell (HSC) involves the transition from a quiescent to a proliferative, migratory, and fibrogenic phenotype (i.e., myofibroblast), which is characteristic of liver fibrogenesis. Read More
Am J Nephrol 2018 Nov 23;48(6):456-464. Epub 2018 Nov 23.
Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of
Background: Peritoneal fibrosis is a devastating complication of peritoneal dialysis. However, its precise mechanism is unclear, and specific treatments have not yet been established. Recent evidence suggests that the sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathway is involved in tissue fibrogenesis. Read More
Cell Commun Signal 2018 Nov 23;16(1):89. Epub 2018 Nov 23.
Immunology and Reproduction Biology Laboratory & State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School, Nanjing University, Hankou Road 22, Nanjing, 210093, China.
Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a devastating disease characterized by the histopathological pattern of usual interstitial pneumonia and is associated with a high mortality rate. Recently, lung resident mesenchymal stem cells (LR-MSCs) have been identified as an important contributor to myofibroblast activation in pulmonary fibrosis. Macrophages are also believed to play a critical role in pulmonary fibrosis. Read More
Cell Biol Int 2018 Nov 23. Epub 2018 Nov 23.
Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Rio Claro, SP, Brazil.
Hepatic fibrosis and its end-stage cirrhosis have increased worldwide, and, despite all the efforts, no successful therapy is available. More recently, the heptapeptide angiotensin-(1-7) [ang-(1-7)] was reported to be able to modulate liver fibrosis and even steatosis; however, the molecular bases of these effects are not clear. In this study, we investigated the overexpression of the microRNA-1254 in the human hepatic stellate cell line LX-2, based on the effect of the heptapeptide in such cells, previously, demonstrated by our research group. Read More
Clin Sci (Lond) 2018 Nov 20. Epub 2018 Nov 20.
Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
Type 3 innate lymphoid cell (ILC3) has recently emerged as a crucial effector in inflammatory and fibrotic diseases. This study was designed to determine the roles of ILC3 in liver fibrosis. By flow cytometry, we documented increased frequencies of peripheral ILC3 (LinCD127CD117CD294 lymphocytes) in patients, especially at the advanced stage of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related chronic liver diseases, and demonstrated their correlations with disease progression. Read More
J Drug Target 2018 Nov 20:1-7. Epub 2018 Nov 20.
b Department of Biochemistry , Boston University School of Medicine , Boston , MA , USA.
Lysyl oxidase (LOX) and lysyl oxidase-like proteins (LOXL), a family of extracellular matrix (ECM) crosslinking enzymes that have been recognised as playing an important role in fibrogenesis for more than 40 years, are logical targets for antifibrotic treatments. Pulmonary fibrosis, especially idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), is a progressive and lethal disease characterised by excessive deposition of ECM in the lung parenchyma. In this review, we discuss the current clinical approaches for IPF and review members of LOX family-LOX, LOXL1, LOXL2, LOXL3 and LOXL4 in IPF patients and in animal models of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Read More
Front Immunol 2018 5;9:2571. Epub 2018 Nov 5.
IRMB, Montpellier University, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
Skin fibrosis is the hallmark of systemic sclerosis (SSc) a rare intractable disease with unmet medical need. We previously reported the anti-fibrotic potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in a murine model of SSc. This model, based on daily intra-dermal injections of hypochlorite (HOCl) during 6 weeks, is an inducible model of the disease. Read More
Life Sci 2018 Nov 16. Epub 2018 Nov 16.
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
Aims: Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) pathway has been in the limelight since its discovery as a key mediator in the process of liver fibrogenesis. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to elucidate the in vivo molecular mechanism underlying the hepatic preventive relevance of eugenol (EUG) and telmisartan (TEL) through iNOS pathway modulation against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatic injury.
Methods: Sixty healthy male albino rats were used in this study. Read More
Gastroenterology 2018 Nov 16. Epub 2018 Nov 16.
First Department of Medicine, Universitaetsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universitaet Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erlangen, Germany. Electronic address:
Background & Aims: Intestinal fibrosis is a long-term complication in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) frequently resulting in functional damage, bowel obstruction, and surgery. Interleukin 36 (IL36) is a group of cytokines in the IL1 family with inflammatory effects. We studied expression of IL36 and its receptor, interleukin 1 receptor like 2 (IL1RL2 or IL36R) in development of intestinal fibrosis in human tissues and mice. Read More
IUBMB Life 2018 Nov 19. Epub 2018 Nov 19.
Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China.
Myofibroblast apoptosis is essential for normal resolution of wound repair, including cardiac infarction repair. Impaired cardiac myofibroblast (CMF) apoptosis is associated with excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, which could be responsible for pathological cardiac fibrosis. Conventionally, angiotensin II (Ang II), a soluble peptide, is implicated in fibrogenesis because it induces cardiac fibroblast (CFb) proliferation, differentiation, and collagen synthesis. Read More
Cell Metab 2018 Nov 12. Epub 2018 Nov 12.
Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, 401 East River Parkway, MMC 194, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Center for Metabolic Origins of Disease, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL 32827, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. Electronic address:
Metabolic plasticity has been linked to polarized macrophage function, but mechanisms connecting specific fuels to tissue macrophage function remain unresolved. Here we apply a stable isotope tracing, mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomics approach to reveal the metabolome penetrated by hepatocyte-derived glucose and ketone bodies. In both classically and alternatively polarized macrophages, [C]acetoacetate (AcAc) labeled ∼200 chemical features, but its reduced form D-[C]β-hydroxybutyrate (D-βOHB) labeled almost none. Read More
Clin Mol Hepatol 2018 Nov 19. Epub 2018 Nov 19.
Medizinisches Proteom-Center, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
Background/aims: An estimated 80 million people worldwide are infected with viremic hepatitis C virus (HCV). Even after eradication of HCV with direct acting antivirals (DAAs), hepatic fibrosis remains a risk factor for hepatocarcinogenesis. Recently, we confirmed the applicability of microfibrillar-associated protein 4 (MFAP4) as a serum biomarker for the assessment of hepatic fibrosis. Read More
J Oral Pathol Med 2018 Nov 17. Epub 2018 Nov 17.
School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Background: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a progressive scarring disease and has been considered as a premalignant condition of the oral cavity. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of OSF are still unclear.
Method: Here, we examined the expression of a novel long non-coding RNA LINC00974 in OSF and investigated its function role in myofibroblast transdifferentiation. Read More
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2018 Nov 15. Epub 2018 Nov 15.
Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, United States.
Introduction: Replacement of the exocrine parenchyma by fibrous tissue is a main characteristic of chronic pancreatitis. Understanding the mechanisms of pancreatic fibrogenesis is critical for the development of preventive and therapeutic interventions. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), a rate-limiting enzyme for prostaglandin synthesis, is expressed in patients with chronic pancreatitis. Read More
World J Clin Cases 2018 Nov;6(13):600-610
Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China.
Aim: To investigate the relationship between levels of iron metabolism markers and hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related chronic liver diseases.
Methods: This case-control study with 318 participants included 78 cases of chronic hepatitis B, 85 cases of HBV-related liver cirrhosis, 77 cases of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma, and 78 healthy controls. Markers of iron metabolism were detected in participants. Read More
Sci Rep 2018 Nov 13;8(1):16749. Epub 2018 Nov 13.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawaharacho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
Acute cardiac rupture and adverse left ventricular (LV) remodeling causing heart failure are serious complications of acute myocardial infarction (MI). While cardio-hepatic interactions have been recognized, their role in MI remains unknown. We treated cultured cardiomyocytes with conditioned media from various cell types and analyzed the media by mass spectrometry to identify α1-microglobulin (AM) as an Akt-activating hepatokine. Read More
J Agric Food Chem 2018 Nov 26. Epub 2018 Nov 26.
Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources , Huanggang Normal University , Huanggang , Hubei 438000 , People's Republic of China.
Polyphenols derived from green tea have been reported to have a wide range of profound functions. Tea catechins, including epicatechin, epigallocatechin (EGC), epicatechin-3- O-gallate (ECG), and epigallocatechin-3- O-gallate (EGCG), are considered as the major bioactive polyphenols in tea. The present study was designed to elucidate the potential antifibrogenic role of three abundant tea catechins (ECG, EGC, and EGCG) in a CCl-induced fibrotic rat and their underlying molecular mechanisms. Read More
J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018 Nov 13. Epub 2018 Nov 13.
Tropical Medicine Department, Beni Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt.
Background: Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is a glycoprotein involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling which regulates cell growth. It could be involved in hepatic fibrogenesis related to chronic inflammations, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) angiogenesis, and tumor progression.
Aim: We aimed to study the expressions of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the SPARC gene and their impact on susceptibility and survival of HCC patients. Read More
Biomaterials 2018 Nov 1;192:51-61. Epub 2018 Nov 1.
Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China. Electronic address:
Blood is a treasure trove whose constituents have attracted increasing attention for use in understanding and controlling disease. However, the functions of blood, especially with regard to its composition at the nanoscale, remain largely unknown. Inspired by exosomes and lipoproteins, the present work isolated and characterized biotic nanodiscs from human blood (BNHBs) using multiple techniques. Read More
J Hepatol 2018 Nov 8. Epub 2018 Nov 8.
Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Background And Aims: Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC) is an inflammatory, cholestatic and progressively fibrotic liver disease devoid of effective medical intervention. NGM282, an engineered, non-tumorigenic FGF19 analogue, potently regulates CYP7A1-mediated bile acid homeostasis. We assessed the activity and safety of NGM282 in patients with PSC. Read More
Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2018 Dec 7;133:339-348. Epub 2018 Nov 7.
University of Groningen, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands.
Small interfering RNA (siRNA) can induce RNA interference, which leads to the knockdown of messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein. As a result, siRNA is often used in vitro and in vivo to unravel the function of genes and as a therapeutic agent to disrupt excessive expression of disease-related genes. However, there is a large gap between in vitro and in vivo models in terms of simplicity, flexibility, throughput, and translatability. Read More
Cell Commun Signal 2018 Nov 8;16(1):78. Epub 2018 Nov 8.
Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University Durham, 1801 Fayetteville St, Durham, NC, 27707, USA.
Background: Besides its neurotransmitter and vasoconstriction functions, serotonin is an important mediator of numerous biological processes in peripheral tissues including cell proliferation, steatosis, and fibrogenesis. Recent reports indicate that serotonin may promote tumor growth in liver cancer, however, the molecular mechanisms remain elusive. n this study, we investigated the role and molecular signaling mechanisms mediated by serotonin in liver cancer cell survival, drug resistance, and steatosis. Read More
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2018 Nov 7. Epub 2018 Nov 7.
Nephrology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical university Munich.
Renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) leads to acute kidney injury or delayed allograft function which predisposes to fibrosis in the native kidney or kidney transplant. Here we investigated the role of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) in inflammatory responses following renal IRI. Our study showed that a subsequent stimulation of Janus Kinase 2/STAT1 and toll-like receptor 4 pathways led to greater STAT1 activation followed by increased cytokine transcription compared to single-pathway stimulation in murine renal tubular cells. Read More
Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2018 Nov 6:1535370218810892. Epub 2018 Nov 6.
4 Department of Infectious Diseases, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Union Hospital, Wuhan 430022, China.
Impact Statement: Liver fibrosis is a common wound-healing response to all kinds of liver injuries. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation is the key event during liver fibrogenesis. Thus, the elucidation of mechanisms for regulating HSCs activation is helpful for identifying novel anti-fibrotic targets and strategies. Read More
J Agric Food Chem 2018 Nov 13;66(46):12257-12264. Epub 2018 Nov 13.
College of Forestry , Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang , Liaoning 110866 , China.
Sea buckthorn ( Hippophae rhamnoides L.) is a berry bearing multiple nutritional properties. In this study, 46 compounds were isolated from sea buckthorn berries. Read More
Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2018 Nov 11;34(11):626-633. Epub 2018 Jun 11.
Department of Critic Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.
Heart failure creates a leading public health burden worldwide and cardiac fibrosis is a hallmark of pathological cardiac remodeling which was found in HF patients. In this study, we detected the expression of 9 candidate miRNAs in the plasma exosome samples from 31 HF patients, and found the level of miR-21, miR-425 and miR-744 was altered. The downregulation of miR-425 and miR-744 was also found in angiotensin II treated cardiac fibroblasts. Read More
J Cell Physiol 2018 Nov 2. Epub 2018 Nov 2.
Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Learning Key Laboratory for Pharmacoproteomics, University of South China, Hengyang, China.
Apelin is an endogenous ligand of seven-transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptor APJ. Apelin and APJ are distributed in various tissues, including the heart, lung, liver, kidney, and gastrointestinal tract and even in tumor tissues. Studies show that apelin messenger RNA is widely expressed in gastrointestinal (GI) tissues, including stomach and small intestine, which is closely correlated with GI function. Read More
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2018 Nov 2. Epub 2018 Nov 2.
Experimental Cardiology, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Australia.
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a major cause of heart failure without effective therapy. Fibrogenesis plays a key role in DCM development but little is known on the expression of a pro-fibrotic factor galectin-3 (Gal-3) and its role in DCM pathophysiology. In a mouse DCM model by transgenic (TG) overexpression of mammalian sterile 20-like kinase 1 (Mst1), we studied Gal-3 expression and effects of the Gal-3 inhibitor modified citrus pectin (MCP) or Gal-3 gene knockout (KO). Read More
World J Hepatol 2018 Oct;10(10):708-718
Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
Adiponectin is known to play primary roles in the regulation of systemic glucose homeostasis and lipid metabolism. Interestingly, emerging evidence indicates beneficial effects of adiponectin on liver fibrosis; however, the exact mechanisms of this action remain unclear. Herein, we aimed to summarize the recent findings regarding the role of adiponectin in liver fibrogenesis and update the current comprehensive knowledge regarding usefulness of adiponectin-based treatments in liver fibrosis. Read More
Mol Aspects Med 2018 Nov 1. Epub 2018 Nov 1.
First Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. Electronic address:
Extensive tissue fibrosis is the end-stage process of a number of chronic conditions affecting the gastrointestinal tract, including inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis), ulcerative jejunoileitis, and radiation enteritis. Fibrogenesis is a physiological, reparative process that may become harmful as a consequence of the persistence of a noxious agent, after an excessive duration of the healing process. In this case, after replacement of dead or injured cells, fibrogenesis continues to substitute normal parenchymal tissue with fibrous connective tissue, leading to uncontrolled scar formation and, ultimately, permanent organ damage, loss of function, and/or strictures. Read More
J Gastroenterol 2018 Oct 31. Epub 2018 Oct 31.
Nagoya City University, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.
Background: The aim of this study is to ascertain whether the TLL1 variant at rs17047200 is associated with the development of HCC after achieving sustained virological response (SVR) by interferon (IFN)-free therapy for chronic hepatitis C (CHC).
Methods: A total of 1029 Japanese CHC patients with the following inclusion criteria were enrolled: (i) achieved SVR by IFN-free therapy, (ii) followed up at least 1 year from the end of treatment (EOT) (median 104 weeks), (iii) no history of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by 1 year from the EOT.
Results: Nineteen patients developed HCC (HCC group) and 1010 did not (non-HCC group). Read More
J Physiol 2018 Oct 31. Epub 2018 Oct 31.
Renal medicine, Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Key Points: Maternal high-fat diet (MHF) consumption led to metabolic and liver disorders in male offspring, which are associated with reduced sirtuin (SIRT)1 expression and activity in the offspring liver SIRT1 overexpression in MHF offspring reduced their body weight and adiposity and normalized lipid metabolic markers in epididymal and retroperitoneal adipose tissues SIRT1 overexpression in MHF offspring improved glucose tolerance, as well as systemic and hepatic insulin sensitivity SIRT1 overexpression ameliorated MHF-induced lipogenesis, oxidative stress and fibrogenesis in the liver of offspring.
Abstract: Maternal obesity can increase the risk of metabolic disorders in the offspring. However, the underlying mechanism responsible for this is not clearly understood. Read More
Reprod Med Biol 2018 Oct 16;17(4):369-397. Epub 2018 Aug 16.
Shanghai Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Fudan University Shanghai China.
Background: One recent study reports cancer driver mutations in deep endometriosis, but its biological/clinical significance remains unclear. Since the natural history of endometriosis is essentially gradual progression toward fibrosis, it is thus hypothesized that the six driver genes reported to be mutated in endometriosis (the RP set) may play important roles in fibrogenesis but not necessarily malignant transformation.
Methods: Extensive PubMed search to see whether RP and another set of driver genes not yet reported (NR) to be mutated in endometriosis have any roles in fibrogenesis. Read More
Sci Rep 2018 Oct 30;8(1):16005. Epub 2018 Oct 30.
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Chronic liver damage leads to the onset of fibrogenesis. Rodent models for liver fibrosis have been widely used, but are less suitable for screening purposes. Therefore the aim of our study was to design a novel model for liver fibrosis in zebrafish embryos, suitable for high throughput screening. Read More
J Cell Biochem 2018 Oct 28. Epub 2018 Oct 28.
Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
There has been an increasing number of studies about microRNAs as key regulators in the development of hepatic fibrosis. Here, we demonstrate that miR-542-3p can promote hepatic fibrosis by downregulating the expression of bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP-7), which is known to antagonize transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1)-mediated fibrogenesis effect. The expression of miR-542-3p is increased in activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Read More
Biofactors 2018 Oct 27. Epub 2018 Oct 27.
Department of Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India.
Scleroderma is an inflammatory autoimmune disease which begins with inflammation due to tissue injury and advances to progressive accumulation of extracellular matrix resulting in scarring and hardening of the skin. Inflammation is a salutary response to tissue injury caused by varied factors. While inflammation is required for systematic wound healing, dysregulated chronic inflammation often leads to tissue scarring. Read More
Hepatol Res 2018 Oct 26. Epub 2018 Oct 26.
Third Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan.
Aim: Intestinal endotoxin is important for the progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Circulating endotoxin levels are elevated in most animal models of diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and NASH. Further, plasma endotoxin levels are significantly higher in NAFLD patients, which is associated with small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and increased intestinal permeability. Read More
J Cell Physiol 2018 Oct 26. Epub 2018 Oct 26.
Department of Digestive Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Liver fibrosis is a wound-healing response represented by excessive extracellular matrix deposition. Activation of hepatic stellate cell (HSC) is the critical cellular basis for hepatic fibrogenesis, whereas hepatocyte undergoes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) which is also involved in chronic liver injury. Long noncoding RNA H19 has been found to be associated with cholestatic liver fibrosis lately. Read More
Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018 Nov 23;506(3):557-562. Epub 2018 Oct 23.
Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
Intestinal fibrosis with stricture formation is a severe complication of Crohn's disease (CD). Though new therapeutic targets to enable the prevention or treatment of intestinal fibrosis are needed, markers of this condition and the basic mechanisms responsible have not been established. NADPH oxidase (NOX) 4 has already been reported to play a key role in models of fibrogenesis, including that of the lung. Read More