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J Orthop Trauma 2019 Jan;33 Suppl 1:S27-S32

*Institute for Biomechanics, BG Unfallklinik Murnau, Murnau, Germany; and †Institute for Biomechanics, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.

Fractures of the femoral neck can occur in young healthy individuals due to high loads occurring during motor vehicle accidents, impacts, or falls. Failure forces are lower if impacts occur sideways onto the greater trochanter as compared with vertical loading of the hip. Bone density, bone geometry, and thickness of cortical bone at the femoral neck contribute to its mechanical strength. Read More

J Pediatr Orthop 2019 Jan;39(1):e12-e17

Children's Healthcare of Atlanta.

Introduction: The insertion of 2 elastic stable intramedullary nails (ESINs) is a common treatment for pediatric femur fractures. However, the use of this technique in length-unstable or metadiaphyseal fractures has historically been associated with higher complication rates. To improve stability, the addition of a third ESIN has been assessed biomechanically and clinically, but the addition of a fourth nail has only been evaluated biomechanically. Read More

JBJS Case Connect 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Elite Sports Medicine, Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut.

Case: A 14-year-old adolescent with bilateral discoid menisci who had previously undergone discoid meniscal saucerization presented with pain and mechanical knee symptoms bilaterally. She had a torn left discoid lateral meniscus, a right lateral meniscal deficiency with an associated osteochondral defect, and valgus collapse of the right femur. She underwent successful repair of the left discoid meniscus as well as a femoral osteotomy, a meniscal transplant, and an osteochondral allograft transplantation in the right knee. Read More

Rev Paul Pediatr 2018 Oct-Dec;36(4):457-465

Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.

Objective: To compare muscle thickness and subcutaneous fat in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and healthy controls using ultrasonography (US), and to correlate US findings with nutritional, clinical and functional variables.

Methods: Patients aged 6 to 18 years old with a diagnosis of CF and healthy controls were included. Participants underwent anthropometric measurements, an ultrasonographic evaluation of muscle thickness and subcutaneous fat in the triceps, quadriceps, and gastrocnemius regions, and skinfold thickness measurements. Read More

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to reveal the relation between age and the morphological characteristics of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: Thirty-seven young subjects who were diagnosed with a meniscus injury without ACL tear using MRI (15 male and 22 female, median age 26, range 15-49), and 33 elderly subjects for whom knee MRI was performed before uni-compartmental knee arthroplasty (11 male and 22 female, median age 77, range 60-83), were included in this study. In the elderly group, healthy ACL gross morphology was confirmed macroscopically during surgery. Read More

Int Orthop 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Orthopaedic and Traumatologic Department, Santo Spirito General Hospital, Rome, Italy.

Introduction: In the last three decades, total hip replacement in young patient became a habitual procedure. Principles of bone preservation are pushing many surgeons to implant conservative femoral components in patient younger than 65 years. Despite an overall good survivorship and clinical outcomes of conservative implants, failed cases are reported and the need to revise a conservative femoral component became an occasional procedure (with high prevalence of failed resurfacing implants). Read More

Int J Nanomedicine 2018 21;13:7503-7516. Epub 2018 Nov 21.

Department of Oral & Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research, Institute of Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China,

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of biomimetic intrafibrillar mineralized collagen (IMC) bone scaffold materials on bone regeneration and the underlying biological mechanisms.

Materials And Methods: A critical-sized bone defect in the rat femur was created; then IMC, extrafibrillar mineralized collagen, and nano-hydroxyapatite bone scaffold materials were grafted into the defect. Ten weeks after implantation, micro-computed tomography and histology were applied to evaluate the bone regeneration. Read More

Indian J Surg Oncol 2018 Dec 18;9(4):585-591. Epub 2018 May 18.

4Department of Radiation Oncology, Lok Nayak Hospital, Delhi, India.

Desmoplastic fibroma is an uncommon locally aggressive benign tumor of the bone. Patients usually present with a long-standing history of pain and swelling. Radiologically and histologically, it can mimic a variety of tumors. Read More

Methods Mol Biol 2019 ;1916:133-147

Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.

Purified mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may be used for a multitude of applications, from the study of biological processes such as cell division and coordinated gene expression to tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. However, although highly similar, MSCs isolated and purified from different tissues may be biologically different in the ability of the cells to respond to environmental cues that instigate and propagate changes in cell fate such as differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, and senescence. Selecting which MSC subtype to study may therefore profoundly influence the outcome of the investigation. Read More

Rom J Morphol Embryol 2018 ;59(3):781-786

Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Romania;

Implantology is a highly researched field with a constant concern in finding and studying new implant materials. Lately, zirconium has become a very attractive alternative to the detriment of titanium, but the research results were sometimes contradictory. Thus, we considered as opportune to study the osseointegration of zirconium dental implants in rabbit femur, three months after insertion. Read More

Radiol Case Rep 2019 Feb 1;14(2):291-297. Epub 2018 Dec 1.

University of Washington Medical Center, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.

Some proximal femur fractures may be treated surgically with the use of fracture fixation hardware such as the sliding hip screw and its variants. These devices allow the femoral head and neck fragment to compress against the trochanteric or shaft fragment as the hip screw telescopes into the barrel of the side plate. We describe an unusual complication in which the hip screw disengaged in the opposite direction, migrated through the hip joint, and came to rest inside the pelvic cavity. Read More

PLoS One 2018 11;13(12):e0207770. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Biomimetics Laboratory, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Ciudad Universitaria, Colombia.

The patella is a sesamoid bone embedded within the quadriceps tendon and the patellar tendon that articulates with the femur. However, how is it formed is still unknown. Therefore, here we have evaluated, computationally, how three theories explain, independently, the patella onset. Read More

Indian J Anaesth 2018 Nov;62(11):851-857

Department of Orthopaedics, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India.

Background And Aims: Perineural and intravenous dexmedetomidine as a local anaesthetic adjunct has not been compared previously in fascia iliaca compartment block (FICB). The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and side effect profile of dexmedetomidine as an adjunct to bupivacaine in single dose FICB for femur surgeries in two different routes i.e. Read More

Indian J Orthop 2018 Nov-Dec;52(6):631-637

Orthopaedic Department, V. S. General Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.

Background: Floating knee is a condition resulting from high energy trauma usually associated with minor to life threatening injuries making it challanging to treat There are no studies available in literature describing cross leg sitting and squatting after surgical management of floating knee. This study analyzes prognostic factors, plan of management, functional outcomes (special attention to squatting and cross legged sitting), complications.

Materials And Methods: 52 patients with floating knee injuries treated over a period of 3 years were included in this study. Read More

Indian J Orthop 2018 Nov-Dec;52(6):616-624

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, KIMS Al Shifa Hospital, Perinthalmanna, Kerala, India.

Background: Perthes disease is a condition in which a self-limiting avascular event affects the capital epiphysis of the femur with a very variable course. It has been shown frequently, however, that there is a group of patients who definitely benefit from containment, either surgical or nonsurgical, better with surgical. We studied midterm to long term outcome of closed wedge varus derotation osteotomy (VDRO) with trochanteric apophysiodesis in Perthes disease. Read More

Angiol Sosud Khir 2018 ;24(4):81-87

Department of Surgery, Institute of Additional Professional Education, South Ural State Medical University of the RF Ministry of Public Health, Chelyabinsk, Russia.

The purpose of this study was to assess the incidence of the development of symptoms of damage to subcutaneous nerves after endovenous laser coagulation (EVLC) of the great saphenous vein (GSV), as well as to determine the effect of these symptoms on quality of life (QoL) of patients. Our retrospective study enrolled a total of 119 patients (mean age 50±13.9 years) subjected to 151 isolated EVLC of the GSV. Read More

Int J Rehabil Res 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

3rd Orthopaedic and Traumatologic Clinic prevalently Oncologic, IRCCS - Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.

Knee A1 rotationplasty is a particular type of limb salvage surgery alternative to hip disarticulation and high transfemoral amputation for skeletally immature children with bone cancers in the distal femur. Notwithstanding optimal functional outcomes, long-term survivor patients often report frequent falls, and a sense of instability during gait, particularly on uneven terrain. This study aimed to assess the postural control, the proprioception, and the risk of fall in these patients, which have not been explored before. Read More

J Pediatr Orthop 2018 Dec 8. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

Gillette Children's Specialty Healthcare.

Background: Fixed knee flexion deformity is common in children with neuromuscular disorders. Anterior guided growth (AGG) of the distal femur can achieve gradual correction in patients who are skeletally immature. Little outcome data are available on this procedure. Read More

J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

From the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The MetroHealth System, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH.

Introduction: Extremity involvement is common among nonfatal gunshot injuries. Most of these injuries are low energy in nature and may be associated with fractures. Although displaced fractures of lower extremity long bones are often treated surgically, the purpose of this study was to review our experience in managing incomplete femur fractures caused by gunshot penetration and to develop treatment recommendations. Read More

J Pediatr Orthop B 2018 Dec 8. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, IRCCS Istituto 'Giannina Gaslini', Children's Hospital, Genova, Italy.

The aim of this study was to compare clinical and radiographical results for treatment of lower limb multiaxial deformities±limb length discrepancy (LLD) of at least 2 cm with the Truelok hexapod fixator system (TL-HEX). All consecutive cases of lower limb multiaxial deformities were included. Patients were divided in two groups: group 1, lower limb angular deformity+LLD less than 2 cm, and group 2, lower limb angular deformity+LLD of at least 2 cm. Read More

J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2018 Nov 1;90:689-701. Epub 2018 Nov 1.

Weapons and Materials Research Directorate, Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005, United States. Electronic address:

Bone specimens were collected from the frontal and parietal bones of 4 adult, human skulls. The microstructure was characterized using microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) at about 6-μm resolution to map the change of porosity as a function of the depth, P(d), from the inner surface nearest to the brain to the outer surface nearest to the skin. A quantifiable method was developed using the measured P(d) to objectively distinguish between the three layers of the skull: the outer table, diploë , and inner table. Read More

J Clin Densitom 2018 Nov 8. Epub 2018 Nov 8.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Care Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address:

The relationship between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and menopause remains unclear. The effects of MetS on breast and bone density in this group of women are also not fully elucidated. Herein, we aimed to investigate the relationship between components of the MetS, mammographic breast density (MBD), and vertebral/femoral bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal Turkish women. Read More

Med Dosim 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

The University of Hong Kong, Department of Clinical Oncology, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong.

The purpose of this study is to develop and evaluate a statistics-based model to predict the achievability of the planning criteria for intensity-modulated radiation therapy planning. A statistics-based model was proposed to predict the achievability of the planning criteria based on the structure set. A retrospective study was performed to validate the proposed model. Read More

J Biomech 2018 Nov 26. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. Electronic address:

Accurately estimating whole bone strength is critical for identifying individuals that may benefit from prophylactic treatments aimed at reducing fracture risk. Strength is often estimated from stiffness, but it is not known whether the relationship between stiffness and strength varies with age and sex. Cadaveric proximal femurs (44 Male: 18-78 years; 40 Female: 24-95 years) and radial (36 Male: 18-89 years; 19 Female: 24-95 years) and femoral diaphyses (34 Male: 18-89 years; 19 Female: 24-95 years) were loaded to failure to evaluate how the stiffness-strength relationship varies with age and sex. Read More

Injury 2018 Dec 3;49 Suppl 4:S9-S15. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

AOU Careggi, Firenze, Italy.

Proximal femoral fractures are a very common disease which affect elderly patients after low energy trauma, but can also affect the young population as a consequence of high energy trauma. Classification of sub trochanteric fractures has not yet been clearly defined representing a major issue in comparing different treatment techniques among the scientific literature.These fractures are well known by orthopaedic surgeons for intraoperative difficulties in reduction and post-operative high rate of non-unions and malunions. Read More

Injury 2018 Dec 3;49 Suppl 4:S2-S8. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Section of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Ospedali Riuniti, Ancona, Italy.

This case report describes the management and therapeutic solution for the treatment of subtrochanteric non-union in a patient with hip arthrodesis. Two techniques can be used in the treatment of these non-unions: a closed intramedullary nailing or an open technique with plate, preferably carried out together with cortical bone graft. The surgical technique varies depending on the fixation method used for the initial treatment of the fracture and on the characteristics of the non-union. Read More

Injury 2018 Dec 3;49 Suppl 4:S16-S20. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy.

Background: Open articular fractures are an important issue due to their increasing incidence, along with the rise in motorcycle accidents. Oncology experience with allograft in orthopedics may be extended to cases of traumatic bone loss.

Clinical Case: A 37-year-old man with an open fracture of the distal femur and proximal tibia presented a massive bone loss of the lateral femoral condyle after a motorcycle accident. Read More

Injury 2018 Dec;49(12):2161-2166

University of Edinburgh, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Little France, Edinburgh, EH 16 4SU, United Kingdom.

Introduction: It is accepted that the incidence of fractures in patients aged ≥ 65 years is increasing but little is known about which fractures are becoming more common in this group of patients. Virtually all research has concentrated on the classic fragility fractures of the proximal femur, proximal humerus, pelvis, spine and distal radius but it is likely that other fractures are becoming more common.

Methods: We have examined two prospectively collected databases 10 years apart to see which fractures are becoming more common in ≥ 65 year old patients. Read More

Elife 2018 Dec 11;7. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Center for Open Science, Charlottesville, United States.

As part of the Reproducibility Project: Cancer Biology we published a Registered Report (Lesnik et al., 2016) that described how we intended to replicate selected experiments from the paper 'Melanoma exosomes educate bone marrow progenitor cells toward a pro-metastatic phenotype through MET' (Peinado et al., 2012). Read More

Br J Nutr 2018 Dec 11:1-28. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Animal Nutrition,The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition,Polish Academy of Sciences,Jabłonna,Poland.

Sports Biomech 2018 Dec 11:1-15. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

b Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences , Brock University , St. Catharines , ON , Canada.

This study examined the influence of the Theraband CLX gold band on lower-limb muscle activity and kinematics during an overhead barbell squat. Participants performed two sets (band and no-band) of 12 repetitions of overhead barbell squats at 25% bodyweight. Three-dimensional kinematics were measured using motion capture with rigid bodies placed bilaterally on the foot, shank, thigh and thorax. Read More

Am J Sports Med 2018 Dec 7:363546518812435. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.

Background:: In anterior cruciate ligament-deficient (ACL-D) knees, injury pattern and bony morphologic features have been shown to influence both static anterior tibial subluxation relative to the femur and dynamic rotatory knee laxity. Therefore, the relationship between static anterior tibial subluxation and dynamic rotatory knee laxity was investigated.

Purpose:: To determine whether static tibial subluxation as measured on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is associated with the grade of rotatory knee laxity in ACL-D knees. Read More

Am J Sports Med 2018 Dec 7:363546518814236. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

Background:: The initial focus of cartilage restoration algorithms has been on the femur; however, the patellofemoral compartment accounts for 20% to 30% of significant symptomatic chondral pathologies. While patellofemoral compartment treatment involves a completely unique subset of comorbidities, with a comprehensive and thoughtful approach many patients may benefit from osteochondral allograft treatment.

Purpose:: To perform a systematic review of clinical outcomes and failure rates after osteochondral allograft transplantation (OCA) of the patellofemoral joint at a minimum 18-month follow-up. Read More

FASEB J 2018 Dec 6:fj201801463R. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7178, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.

Bone loss and immune dysregulation are among the main adverse outcomes of spaceflight challenging astronaut's health and safety. However, consequences on B-cell development and responses are still under-investigated. To fill this gap, we used advanced proteomics analysis of femur bone and marrow to compare mice flown for 1 mo on board the BION-M1 biosatellite, followed or not by 1 wk of recovery on Earth, to control mice kept on Earth. Read More

Acta Ortop Mex 2018 May-Jun;32(3):163-166

Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital de Sabadell. Institut Universitari Parc Taulí Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, España.

We present the case of an 81-year-old woman who was followed up by the Rheumatology Service for osteoporosis and treated with bisphosphonates for more than five years. She reported a fracture of the distal third of the contralateral femur by a low energy mechanism, treated with retrograde intramedullary nailing the previous year. She presented a clinic of cruralgia and left gonalgia, without previous trauma. Read More

Acta Ortop Mex 2018 May-Jun;32(3):126-130

Centro de Evaluación de Tecnologías, Universidad CES, Medellín, Colombia.

Introduction: Cephalomedullary nails are used for the treatment of hip fractures; however, there are few studies that allow identifying data on the complications of the use of these devices and the results in terms of restoration of the functionality of the patient.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of patients with femur fracture was conducted during the period from January 2008 to December 2012. Data on demographic and clinical variables were collected. Read More

Clin Anat 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.

Introduction: We compared the spatial distribution of tibiofemoral cartilage change between individuals who will develop accelerated knee osteoarthritis (KOA) versus typical onset of KOA prior to the development of radiographic KOA.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a longitudinal case-control analysis of 129 individuals from the Osteoarthritis Initiative. We assessed the percent change in tibiofemoral cartilage on magnetic resonance images at 36 informative locations from two to one year prior to the development of accelerated (n=44) versus typical KOA (n=40). Read More

Acta Bioeng Biomech 2018 ;20(4):31-42

Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, New Delhi, India.

Purpose: Deep freezing and storing in formalin are some of the common techniques of human tissue preservation. However, the preservation modes affect the biomechanical properties of the tissues. In this work, the effects of the above-stated preservation tech- niques are compared with that of fresh cadaveric samples. Read More

Hip Int 2018 Dec 6:1120700018815404. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

4 Depaetment of Orthopaedics, Uppsala University Hospital, Sweden.

Purpose:: We present a randomised clinical study using 18F-fluoride positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F-PET/CT) to analyse the osteoblastic part of bone metabolism (new bone mineralisation) in periprosthetic bone adjacent to femoral stems following total hip arthoplasty (THA) surgery. Patients with hip osteoarthritis were randomly assigned to THA surgery with cemented or uncemented femoral components.

Patients And Methods:: THA was performed on 26 patients (26 cases) with hip osteoarthritis. Read More

Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via Pupilli n1, 40136, Bologna, Italy.

Introduction: Combining massive bone allograft and vascularized fibula in intercalary reconstruction following resection of bone tumors represents a complex reconstructive procedure that requires specialists in microvascular surgery as well as orthopedic surgery. The purpose of our study was to examine the outcomes using this surgical technique in patients with bone tumors in terms of oncologic results, complications related to surgery, Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) scores and duration of surgery.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed 81 patients with femoral or tibial sarcomas who underwent intercalary resection and microsurgical reconstruction with massive bone allograft and vascularized fibula. Read More

Nat Commun 2018 12 5;9(1):5169. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100044, Beijing, China.

Medullary bone is an ephemeral type of bone tissue, today found only in sexually mature female birds, that provides a calcium reservoir for eggshell formation. The presence of medullary bone-like tissues in extant birds, pterosaurs, and dinosaurs distantly related to birds shows that caution must be exercised before concluding that fossils bear medullary bone. Here we describe a new specimen of pengornithid enantiornithine from the Lower Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation. Read More

Injury 2018 Dec 3;49 Suppl 4:S21-S24. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Traumatology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milano, Italy.

The large bone defect treatment is a challenge issue in modern orthopaedic trauma surgery. One of the most used technique is the Masquelet's technique. In this case report we used a modified Masquelet technique to fill a six centimeters bone gap in the proximal femur. Read More

Clin Orthop Relat Res 2018 Nov 29. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

F. Schmaranzer, E. F. Liechti, M. Tannast, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland L. Arendt, K. Nuss, B. von Rechenberg, M. Tannast, Musculoskeletal Research Unit (MSRU), Equine Hospital, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland P. R. Kircher, Department of Small Animals, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.

Background: Biochemical MRI of hip cartilage such as delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI of cartilage (dGEMRIC) and T2 mapping is increasingly used to judge cartilage quality in the assessment of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). The current evidence is sparse about which of these techniques yields a stronger correlation with histologic cartilage degeneration because of the difficulty in validating biochemical MRI techniques against histology in the clinical setting. Recently, an experimental ovine FAI model was established that induces chondrolabral damage and offers a validated platform to address these limitations. Read More

Calcif Tissue Int 2018 Dec 1. Epub 2018 Dec 1.

State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.

Hyperglycemia induces osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption through complicated, undefined mechanisms. Ca/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) promotes osteoclastogenesis, and could be activated by hyperglycemia. Here, we investigated whether CaMKII is involved in hyperglycemia-induced osteoclastogenesis and subsequent bone resorption. Read More

Clin Rheumatol 2018 Dec 1. Epub 2018 Dec 1.

Laboratory of Immunology, Research Unit UR 807, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, Ibn Al Jazzar street, 4000, Sousse, Tunisia.

Objectives: This study was aimed to investigate the association of the single nucleotide polymorphism of tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 6 (TRAF6), rs540386, with low bone mineral density (BMD) among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: TRAF6 rs540386 genotyping was performed by mutagenically separated PCR in a cohort of 188 (23 men, 165 women, median age, 56.2 years) adult RA patients and 224 age and gender-matched controls. Read More

Int J Orthop (Hong Kong) 2018 28;5(1):863-871. Epub 2018 Feb 28.

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.

Breast cancer-associated bone metastasis induces bone loss, followed by an increased risk of bone fracture. To develop a strategy for preventing tumor growth and protecting bone, an understanding of the mechanical properties of bone under tumor burden is indispensable. Using a mouse model of mammary tumor, we conducted finite element analysis (FEA) of two bone samples from the distal femur. Read More

Clin Orthop Surg 2018 Dec 21;10(4):491-499. Epub 2018 Nov 21.

Department of Orthopaedics, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.

Background: Advances in surgical techniques, implant technology, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy have increased the recovery chances of patients with bone sarcomas. Accordingly, patients' expectations on life quality have also increased, highlighting the importance of objective evaluation of the functional results of reconstruction.

Methods: Thirteen patients with distal femoral endoprosthesis, who had been followed for an average of 2. Read More

Clin Orthop Surg 2018 Dec 21;10(4):420-426. Epub 2018 Nov 21.

Center for Joint Disease, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea.

Background: The tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance is used to determine the necessity of tibial tubercle osteotomy. We conducted this study to determine the extent to which each of the tibial tuberosity lateralization, trochlear groove medialization, and knee rotation angle affects the TT-TG distance in both normal and patella dislocated patients and thereby scrutinize the rationale for tuberosity transfer based on the TT-TG distance.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of rotational profile computed tomography was done for patella dislocated and control group patients. Read More

Patient Saf Surg 2018 27;12:32. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

1Department of Trauma, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Background: Nonoperative management for blunt splenic injury is the preferred treatment. To improve the outcome of selective nonoperative therapy, the current challenge is to identify factors that predict failure. Little is known about the impact of concomitant injury on outcome. Read More