Am J Obstet Gynecol 2017 Jun 12. Epub 2017 Jun 12.

Division of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA.

Background: Fallopian tubes are commonly removed during laparoscopic and open hysterectomy to prevent ovarian and tubal cancer but are not routinely removed during vaginal hysterectomy because of perceptions of increased morbidity, difficulty, or inadequate surgical training.

Objective: We sought to quantify complications and costs associated with a strategy of planned salpingectomy during vaginal hysterectomy.

Study Design: We created a decision analysis model using TreeAgePro. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2016 Dec 21;10(1):374. Epub 2016 Dec 21.

Department of Clinical Genetics, Aalborg University Hospital, Ladegårdsgade 5, Aalborg, 9000, Denmark.

Background: The vertebral defect, anal atresia, cardiac defect, tracheoesophageal fistula/esophageal atresia, renal defect, and limb defect association and Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome are rare conditions. We aimed to present two cases with the vertebral defect, anal atresia, cardiac defect, tracheoesophageal fistula/esophageal atresia, renal defect, and limb defect association and Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser co-occurrence from our local surgical center and through a systematic literature search detect published cases. Furthermore, we aimed to collect existing knowledge in the embryopathogenesis and genetics in order to discuss a possible link between the vertebral defect, anal atresia, cardiac defect, tracheoesophageal fistula/esophageal atresia, renal defect, and limb defect association and Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome. Read More

Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2016 Aug;96(30):2424-6

Center of Minimally Invasive Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100006, China.

Objective: To clarify the advantages and the influence to reproductive outcome after laparoscopic salpingotomy with and without suturing for tubal pregnancy.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of patients underwent laparoscopic salpingotomy from March 2012 to October 2014 who were willing to reserve their reproductive function and were able to be followed up. Based on the operation procedure, the patients were assigned to undergo laparoscopic salpingotomy with suturing (group A; n=49) or without suturing (group B; n=69). Read More

Int Urogynecol J 2016 Dec 16;27(12):1873-1877. Epub 2016 Jun 16.

Division of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Although postoperative complications in women undergoing reconstructive pelvic surgery (RPS) have been characterized, little is known regarding the timeline of these occurrences. We aimed to determine the timeframe after RPS during which the majority of complications occur, to assist with planning intervals between postoperative visits.

Methods: Women undergoing RPS were identified through billing information. Read More

PLoS One 2016 25;11(3):e0152343. Epub 2016 Mar 25.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan Province, China.

Objective: To compare the natural fertility outcomes of salpingotomy and salpingectomy among women treated for tubal pregnancy.

Methods: An online database search including PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL and Web of Science was performed to identify studies comparing salpingotomy and salpingectomy to treat women with tubal pregnancy. The search included papers published after the databases were established until May 2015. Read More

J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2016 Jul-Aug;23(5):739-47. Epub 2016 Mar 9.

Department of Obstetric & Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. Electronic address:

Study Objective: To determine the incidence of interstitial pregnancy after in vitro fertilization/embryo transfer (ET) treatment and report on our experience of laparoscopic cornuostomy or cornual repair for interstitial pregnancy.

Design: Single-center, retrospective review (Canadian Task Force classification II-3).

Setting: University hospital. Read More

Ann Chir Plast Esthet 2016 Jun 2;61(3):177-82. Epub 2016 Mar 2.

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Georges-Pompidou European Hospital, AP-HP, 20, rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France.

Background: Prophylactic surgery remains the most effective modality for reducing both breast and ovarian cancer rate in woman at high risk, such as BRCA1 or BRCA2. Autologous breast reconstruction with bilateral deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap allows predictable and durable results. However, existing two-step approach separating salpingo-oophorectomy and reconstruction could even make DIEP flap impossible, or make insufflation more difficult during laparoscopy. Read More

Fertil Steril 2016 Apr 7;105(4):887-90. Epub 2016 Jan 7.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2016 Mar-Apr;23(3):404-9. Epub 2016 Jan 6.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal; Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal.

Study Objective: Total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and vaginectomy for genital reassignment surgery is a complex procedure that is usually performed with a combined vaginal and abdominal approach. The aim of this study was to describe the feasibility of laparoscopic vaginectomy in sex reassignment surgery.

Methods: We reviewed the relevant medical history, intra/postoperative complications, and surgical results of all patients diagnosed with gender dysphoria and submitted to totally laparoscopic gender confirmation surgery in our department between January 2007 and March 2015. Read More

Reprod Biomed Online 2015 Dec 21;31(6):722-31. Epub 2015 Sep 21.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Electronic address:

Assisted reproductive techniques yield high rates of success for women with tubal factor infertility. Because they are potentially effective for all categories of infertility, for two decades, clinical and basic research in infertility has been focused on IVF techniques and outcomes, rather than developing surgical techniques or training infertility subspecialists in tubal microsurgery. Nonetheless, in comparison with IVF, reconstructive tubal surgery is inexpensive and offers multiple opportunities to attempt conception. Read More

Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2015 Oct;27(5):385-9

Division of Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.

Purpose Of Review: This article reviews the current literature about prophylactic bilateral salpingectomy and provides guidelines for clinicians in regard to the inclusion of salpingectomy at the time of urogynecologic surgery.

Recent Findings: After the Nurses' Health Study showed that all-cause mortality was increased in women undergoing oophorectomy at the time of hysterectomy for benign indications, there was a shift in focus toward ovarian conservation at the time of gynecologic surgery. As there has been continued interest in the fallopian tube as the origin of ovarian cancer, a move toward prophylactic salpingectomy has occurred. Read More

Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2015 Feb;54(1):99-101

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan. Electronic address:

Kyobu Geka 2014 Jan;67(1):38-43

Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

We have experienced 6 cases with resection and reconstruction of sternum. They were 1 with osteosarcoma, 1 with synovial sarcoma, 1 with sternal metastasis of fallopian tube cancer, 1 with sternal metastasis of thyroid cancer, 1 with desmoid tumor, and 1 with dermatofibrosarcoma protuberance. Resection of both manubrium and sternum was performed in 3 cases and sternum resection in 3. Read More

J Reprod Med 2013 Nov-Dec;58(11-12):550-2

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Bari, Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy.

Background: Incarceration of the fallopian tube is a rare condition. Symptoms are often misleading, making proper diagnosis difficult because of nonspecific clinical presentations. We report a case of cornual pregnancy occurring 7 months after the treatment of an incarcerated fallopian tube. Read More

Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol 2014 ;41(5):601-2

The authors present a typical case of inguinal hernia containing rudimentary uterine horn, ovary, and fallopian tube. During the operation of herniorraphy the right ovary and fallopian tube with rudimentary uterine horn were found in the hernia sac. The woman underwent laparoscopic hysterectomy three months before herniorrhaphy and was diagnosed with unicornuate uterus. Read More

Ann Diagn Pathol 2014 Apr 25;18(2):71-3. Epub 2013 Nov 25.

Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, Houston, TX. Electronic address:

Hernia sacs are generally regarded as routine specimens in the daily practice of surgical pathology. However, unexpected findings including carcinoma can occasionally arise in these seemingly benign specimens. To ascertain the prevalence of metastatic carcinoma found within hernia sacs and to determine the importance of routine histologic examination of hernia sacs, we conducted a retrospective study of all hernia sacs with a diagnosis of metastatic carcinoma reported in our hospital system between January 2006 and December 2012. Read More

Acta Chir Belg 2013 Jul-Aug;113(4):281-4

Clinic of Pediatric Surgery, Denizli State Hospital, Denizli, Turkey.

Introduction: Articles published in the English language report that 15-20% of the inguinal hernias in female children are sliding hernias. These studies do not specify the age at moment of surgery, neither the age distribution of sliding hernia. We retrospectively evaluated inguinal canal pathologies to answer these questions. Read More

J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2013 Apr;18(2):81-3

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, India.

This report describes a girl with congenital pouch colon (CPC), uterus didelphys with septate vagina, and a cloacal anomaly. The girl underwent cloacal reconstruction at the age of 15 months. Subsequently, at puberty, the child had primary amenorrhea with severe cyclic abdominal pain due to endometriosis of both the uteruses and adnexal cysts with hematometra and hematosalpinx. Read More

J Pathol 2013 Sep;231(1):21-34

Department of Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) is characterized by poor outcome, often attributed to the emergence of treatment-resistant subclones. We sought to measure the degree of genomic diversity within primary, untreated HGSCs to examine the natural state of tumour evolution prior to therapy. We performed exome sequencing, copy number analysis, targeted amplicon deep sequencing and gene expression profiling on 31 spatially and temporally separated HGSC tumour specimens (six patients), including ovarian masses, distant metastases and fallopian tube lesions. Read More

Gynecol Obstet Fertil 2013 Feb 4;41(2):80-4. Epub 2013 Feb 4.

Département de gynécologie-obstétrique, centre hospitalier Paul-Ardier, 63340 Issoire, France.

Objectives: To evaluate the rate of pre-cancerous and cancerous endometrial lesions in hysterectomy during vaginal reconstructive pelvic surgery.

Patients And Methods: In this retrospective and continuous study, a vaginal procedure including reconstructive pelvic surgery with vaginal mesh, hysterectomy and adnexectomy was performed in 152 patients between April 2001 and January 2006. An ultrasonography evaluation was done before surgery. Read More

J Pediatr Surg 2013 Jan;48(1):e17-9

Department of Pediatric Surgery, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 31, 66013 Chieti, Italy.

Indirect inguinal hernia is the most common congenital anomaly in the pediatric age group. About 15-20% of hernias in infant girls contain ovary, sometimes with a Fallopian tube. The presence of the uterus incarcerated with the adnexa is a very unusual occurrence in female infants with normal kariotype and phenotype, being commonly associated with several disorders of sex development. Read More

Obstet Gynecol 2013 Jan;121(1):14-24

University of British Columbia and BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

Objective: Prophylactic bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy is advised for women with BRCA mutations, but there are adverse consequences of premature menopause. The majority of BRCA-associated ovarian cancers appear to arise in the fallopian tube; therefore, salpingectomy may be an alternative to bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. We compared the costs and benefits of salpingectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy among BRCA mutation carriers. Read More

Urol Int 2013 9;90(1):83-6. Epub 2012 Nov 9.

Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.

Persistent müllerian duct syndrome (PMDS) is a rare form of male pseudohermaphroditism, characterized by the presence of a uterus and fallopian tubes owing to failure of müllerian duct regression in genotypically normal males. The association between a persistent müllerian duct and transverse testicular ectopia (TTE) is even more uncommon. PMDS with TTE is a very rare pathological association, often discovered during repair for inguinal hernia or cryptorchidism. Read More

Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2012 Sep;26(9):1088-90

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Yantai Economic and Technology Development Area, Yantai Shandong 264006, PR China.

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of the tubal reconstruction after laparoscopic tubal pregnancy operation by comparing with simple laparoscopic tubal pregnancy operation.

Methods: Between May 2007 and May 2010, 63 patients with tubal pregnancy underwent laparoscopic tubal pregnancy operation and tubal reconstruction in 30 cases (trial group) or simple laparoscopic tubal pregnancy operation in 33 cases (control group). There was no significant difference in age, pregnancy time, and position between 2 groups (P > 0. Read More

Pediatr Surg Int 2012 Nov 23;28(11):1089-94. Epub 2012 Sep 23.

Pediatric Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara-shi, 259-1193, Kanagawa, Japan.

Purpose: Although the traditional cutdown inguinal hernia repair in children is well established, tubal occlusion has been reported as a complication in girls. The purpose was to investigate the mechanism of this complication and the efficacy of laparoscopic repair for preventing tubal occlusion.

Methods: Between October 2006 and May 2010, we performed laparoscopic hernia repair in 100 girls (54 with a right hernia, including 2 with an inguinal ovarian hernia, 40 with a left hernia, including 3 with an inguinal ovarian hernias, and 6 with bilateral hernias). Read More

Fam Cancer 2012 Jun;11(2):215-24

Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Baddiley-Clark Building, Richardson Road, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4AX, UK.

Most studies of quality of life following risk-reducing bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) and mastectomy (RRM) for inherited breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility were conducted before counseling protocols were established and included women at varying times since surgery. This study aimed to overcome these deficiencies and to provide current data on outcomes for this growing group of women. Semi-structured interviews were used to explore the experiences of an Australian cohort of 40 high-risk women 3 years after they underwent RRM and/or RRSO. Read More

Arch Gynecol Obstet 2012 Mar 24;285(3):863-71. Epub 2011 Sep 24.

Division of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical School of Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.

Purpose: The incidence of ectopic pregnancy (EP) in the general population is 2%, whereas the EP rate following assisted reproductive technologies (ART) is between 2.1 and 11%. EP is also an adverse effect of tubal surgery with incidences up to 40% depending on the type, location, and severity of tubal disease and the surgical procedure. Read More

Aktuelle Urol 2011 Nov 11;42(6):378-81. Epub 2011 Jul 11.

ehem. Abteilung für Urologie, St. Nikolaus Stiftshospital, Andernach, Gutachterkommission für ärztliche Behandlungsfehler bei der Ärztekammer Nordrhein, Düsseldorf.

Background: Serious errors may occur in the reconstruction of injured ureters if the degree of -devascularisation is not taken in account.

Material And Methods: The problems involved in ureter reconstruction after traumatic reconstruction are presented by means of two case -studies reviewed by the Expert Committee for Re-viewing Errors in Medical Treatment of the Ärztekammer Nordrhein.

Results: In a 55-year-old man there was a persistent drainage disorder of the left kidney following implantation of a Y-prosthesis with "lateralisation of the ureter". Read More

Stem Cell Rev 2012 Jun;8(2):355-62

Human Genome Research Center, Biosciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

We have recently reported that human fallopian tubes, which are discarded during surgical procedures of women submitted to sterilization or hysterectomies, are a rich source of human fallopian tube mesenchymal stromal cells (htMSCs). It has been previously shown that human mesenchymal stromal cells may be useful in enhancing the speed of bone regeneration. This prompted us to investigate whether htMSCs might be useful for the treatment of osteoporosis or other bone diseases, since they present a pronounced capacity for osteogenic differentiation in vitro. Read More

Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2011 Jun;23(3):200-5

Division of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical School of Hannover, Germany.

Purpose Of Review: To review the current role of tubal reconstructive surgery in the era of assisted reproductive techniques (ARTs).

Recent Findings: After tubal reconstructive surgery, couples may have unlimited attempts to conceive naturally. Operative risks are low; the risk for ectopic pregnancy after surgery is 4-10%. Read More

Hernia 2012 Aug 7;16(4):471-3. Epub 2011 Jan 7.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hokkaido University Hospital, Kita-ku, Kita 14, Nishi 5, Sapporo, 060-8648, Japan.

An indirect inguinal hernia containing the entire uterus, ovaries, and Fallopian tubes is extremely rare in pediatrics. The present report describes the very rare case of a 1-month-old girl with an irreducible indirect inguinal hernia containing the entire uterus, ovaries, and Fallopian tubes, and the successful surgical treatment of simple herniorraphy. We review the literature on this type of relationship between indirect inguinal hernia and hernial visceras of the uterus, ovaries, and Fallopian tubes and discuss the clinical features of this complication. Read More

Surg Technol Int 2010 Oct;20:221-4

Lakeshore Surgical Center, Gainesville, GA, USA.

The modified suspension technique for reanastomosis of the fallopian tube enables safer and more accurate placement of sutures at the anastomotic site. For all of the primary sutures, this technique enables careful inspection of the tissue layers prior to final approximation of the two tubal segments, thereby significantly reducing the possibilities of technical errors, such as posterior wall inclusion. This approach does not require the use of approximating clamps, and is an organized, well-staged approach. Read More

Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2010 Oct;22(5):381-7

Section of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039, USA.

Purpose Of Review: Müllerian anomalies include a fascinating constellation of congenital malformations. There is significant diversity in anatomic variants and their respective long-term sexual and reproductive outcomes. We review the current controversies in classification and management of vaginal, uterine, and fallopian tube anomalies. Read More

J Reconstr Microsurg 2010 Jul 1;26(5):317-23. Epub 2010 Mar 1.

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Hannover, Hannover, Germany.

Tubal infertility mostly results from infections. Conception only is possible through complex treatments (in vitro fertilization or surgery). Success cannot be guaranteed, even after repeated treatments. Read More

J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2009 Oct;35(5):997-9

Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey.

A unique case of fallopian tube herniation into the endometrial cavity after dilatation and curettage is presented. A 28-year-old patient who had secondary infertility for 2 years following dilatation and curettage without any other specific complaint was evaluated by laparoscopy and hysteroscopy. During these procedures, herniation of the right tube and infundibulopelvic ligament into the uterine cavity were observed. Read More

Int J Impot Res 2010 Mar-Apr;22(2):105-14. Epub 2010 Jan 14.

Division of Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Good Samaritan Hospital, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA.

Sexual function is complex and involves interaction of many factors, including emotional connection, body image, intact physical response and partner sexual function. Disease processes such as abnormal uterine bleeding, endometriosis, urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse may have a negative impact on various parameters of sexual health. Gynecological surgery to address these common complaints may correct the pathological process. Read More

Urology 2010 Jun 6;75(6):1499-503. Epub 2009 Dec 6.

Department of Urology, Hirosaki University, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan.

Objectives: To evaluate oncological outcomes and voiding functions after orthotopic neobladder reconstruction with preservation of gynecologic organs in female bladder cancer patients.

Methods: A total of 30 consecutive female patients who underwent radical cystectomy and U-shaped ileal neobladder (constructed using 40 cm of a double-folded ileal loop) substitution were retrospectively analyzed. Of the 30 patients, 29 had urothelial carcinoma and 1 had leiomyosarcoma. Read More

Fertil Steril 2010 Mar 26;93(4):1359-61. Epub 2009 Sep 26.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Medicine, OE 6410, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.

In this retrospective study, we observed a total of 553 patients with tubal infertility who underwent microsurgical reconstructive surgery of the fallopian tubes (including adhesiolysis, anastomosis, fimbrioplasty, salpingostomy, and refertilization after former sterilization). The pregnancy (43.4%) and birth (29. Read More

Am Surg 2009 Apr;75(4):335-7

Department of Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA.

Carcinosarcomas are relatively rare tumors composed of both carcinomatous and sarcomatous components. The most common sites involved by this tumor are the head and neck, respiratory tract, uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes. Within the gastrointestinal tract this tumor most often occurs in the esophagus, followed by the stomach. Read More

Fertil Steril 2008 Nov;90(5 Suppl):S250-3

Tubal reconstructive surgery has fewer indications in the era of assisted reproductive technologies than in the past, but is still appropriate and effective treatment for properly selected individuals. Read More

Microsurgery 2008 ;28(8):671-5

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey.

Although there is no distinct, absolute, and ideal method for vaginal reconstruction, intestinal transfers are preferable to the other described techniques in the main clinics. In this report, we describe the transfer of a jejunal segment for vaginal reconstruction in a 20-year-old female patient, harvesting the flap based on its vascular pedicle by means of a laparoscopic technique that obviates the use of midline laparotomy. To prevent any vascular compromise, two different vascular supply sources were provided for the flap performing additional arterial and venous microvascular anastomosis. Read More

Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult 2008 Jul-Aug(4):26-8

The efficiency of sinusoidal modulated currents applied to the vaginosacral region in the early postoperative rehabilitation period after plastic and reconstructive surgery on the fallopian tubes was assessed in 30 women aged from 21 to 38 (mean 29.3+/-0.6) years. Read More

ANZ J Surg 2008 Aug;78(8):670-2

Mount Hospital, Multidisciplinary Breast Service, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.

Background: Oophorectomy is being increasingly carried out in the management of breast disease, as either adjuvant treatment for breast cancer or for prevention of ovarian and fallopian tube cancer in BRCA gene mutation carriers. The aims of this study were to determine the surgical outcome of laparoscopic oophorectomy when carried out by breast surgeons and whether laparoscopic oophorectomy can be safely carried out during the same anaesthesia as breast surgery.

Methods: Patients who had laparoscopic oophorectomy carried out by two breast surgeons were reviewed with regard to the indication, surgical outcome and concurrent procedures. Read More

Curr Urol Rep 2008 Jul;9(4):305-13

Division of Urology, Maimonides Medical Center, 48-02 Tenth Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11219, USA.

Tuberculosis of the genitourinary tract presents with atypical manifestations. Only 20% to 30% of patients with genitourinary tuberculosis have a history of pulmonary infection. Tuberculosis often affects the lower genitourinary system rather than the kidney. Read More

Handchir Mikrochir Plast Chir 2008 Aug 20;40(4):239-47. Epub 2008 Aug 20.

Klinik für Plastische und Asthetische Chirurgie, Helios Klinikum Emil-von-Behring, Berlin.

In women at high-risk for breast cancer, bilateral prophylactic mastectomy achieves a risk reduction of up to 95 percent. Provided that proper indications are adhered to and informed consent has been obtained, prophylactic mastectomy can be performed starting at the age of 25 years. As an option, in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer, bilateral prophylactic ovarectomy and salpingectomy reduce the risk of breast cancer by 50 percent and the risk of ovarian cancer by 90 percent. Read More

Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult 2007 Sep-Oct(5):35-8

Fertil Steril 2008 Mar 24;89(3):723.e13-6. Epub 2007 Oct 24.

School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India.

Objective: To surgically reconstruct rare Müllerian duct anomalies with varying degrees of bladder exstrophy and congenital absence of ampullary portion of fallopian tube.

Design: Case report.

Setting: Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Salt Lake, Kolkata, India. Read More

Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi 2006 Jul-Sep;110(3):624-32

Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie Gr.T. Popa Iaşi, Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Clinica a II-a Obstetrică-Ginecologie.

The aim of this study is to estimate the advantages of laparoscopy for a correct diagnosis and an adequate treatment in cases of tubal infertility. The group of study included 141 patients, hospitalised and treated in the 2-nd Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology Iaşi. We used diagnostic laparoscopy to elaborate the adhesion score and the tubal score. Read More

Saudi Med J 2007 Apr;28(4):637-8

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ataturk Research Hospital, Bilkent Ankara, Turkey.

Isolated torsion of the fallopian tube without ovarian involvement and associated pathology is a rare event. We report an 18-year-old single female who presented with acute lower abdominal pain during menstruation after a minor trauma of the pelvis. It was diagnosed as isolated torsion of normal right tube during laparatomy due to herniation of the tube through a tear in the broad ligament. Read More

Int Surg 2006 Sep-Oct;91(5 Suppl):S81-4

Microsearch Foundation of Australia Institute, University of Sydney, North Sydney, Australia.

Despite the fact that gynecologists were very early users of the operating microscope to observe the possible pathology of the cervical mucosa by brilliant lighting and magnification, the advent of in vitro fertilization (IVF) seems to have stopped this specialty from using the benefits of microsurgery in female tubal reconstruction. Now having performed and followed up for at least 2 years nearly 1000 microsurgical tubal reconstructions after sterilizations, with an endpoint being the birth of a baby in the time following, it is obvious that there are real benefits in pursuing these techniques, because no single IVF Unit in the world gets even half as many live birth results from their best practices. Apart from a genuine 82. Read More