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J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018 Jun 26;44(3):128-135. Epub 2018 Jun 26.

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.

Objectives: The role of alloplastic materials in maxillofacial reconstruction is still controversial. Determining the utility of porous, high-density, polyethylene implants as a highly stable and flexible, porous alloplast, with properties such as rapid vascularization and tissue ingrowth, is crucial in cases of maxillofacial deformities and aesthetic surgery.

Materials And Methods: Thirty high-density porous polyethylene implants were implanted in 16 patients that had been referred to a private office over a three-year period. Read More

Ned Tijdschr Tandheelkd 2014 Nov;121(11):565-70

Alloplastic augmentation materials can be used to change or to accentuate facial contours and to add facial v olume. These implants are usually inserted in a subperiosteal pocket but can also be placed supraperiostally. The most popular facial implants are made of solid silicone, porous polyethylene or porous hydroxylapatite. Read More

J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2014 Jan 7;42(1):28-34. Epub 2013 Mar 7.

Cranio-Maxillofacial and Plastic Facial Surgery, (Head: Sader, Robert MD, DMD, PhD, FEBOMFS), J. W. Goethe-University of Frankfurt Medical Center, Frankfurt, Germany.

Severely deformed or absent temporomandibular joints (TMJ) benefit from total alloplastic joint replacement and large mandibular defects from revascularized free tissue transfer for reconstruction. However no cases of their combined one-stage placement with outcomes can be found in the literature. We present two cases with different indications and reconstruction. Read More

Facial Plast Surg 2001 May;17(2):91-7

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.

The chin is the keystone linking the aesthetics of the face and neck but is often neglected in the analysis. Procedures related to the chin play an important role in defining neck anatomy. Alloplastic implants can provide the illusion of a longer jaw line in a patient with retrogenia. Read More

Aesthetic Plast Surg 1998 Sep-Oct;22(5):318-28

Lutherville, Maryland, USA.

Recent technological advances in our specialty have made us reappraise the way we approach facial rejuvenation. Some of these technological interfaces have made it possible, in the author's experience, to improve results and to tackle difficult aesthetic problems. The purpose of this paper is to report how we combine these technological advances in an effort to improve the aesthetic outcomes. Read More

J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1996 Dec;54(12):1417-23

Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Purpose: This article describes the use of a large-pore polyethylene implant for mandibular angle augmentation.

Patients And Methods: Patients with severe facial deformities who had previously undergone multiple surgical procedures and were now seeking esthetic improvement were included in this series. Their deficient mandibular angles and reduced ramus height were corrected with polyethylene implants appropriately sculptured and fixed to the mandible through extraoral incisions that preexisted in most patients. Read More

Clin Plast Surg 1991 Jan;18(1):87-105

Clínica Mirasierra de Cirugía Plástica-Estética, Madrid, Spain.

The aesthetic surgery of the facial skeletal contour requires either the performance of ostectomies of excessively prominent segments or the augmentation of retruded segments with organic or synthetic material, in order to achieve balanced tridimensional relations of each segment with regard to the total facial unit. Craniomaxillofacial surgeries are necessary in major malformations or in those combined with malocclusion. In the nasal dorsum or tip, the author prefers the use of cartilage, because synthetic materials need adequate soft-tissue bulk for cover to be inserted without tension and absence of passive mobility of the reception site. Read More

Aesthetic Plast Surg 1990 ;14(3):199-206

This retrospective study was undertaken in order to compare the objective and subjective outcomes of the osteoplastic and alloplastic genioplasties. Of the 76 patients that underwent augmentation or advancement genioplasty, 34 were subjects of osteoplastic genioplasty and 42 received implants. Twenty seven of 34 patients who underwent osteotomy and 32 of 42 patients whose chins were augmented with an implant responded to the questionnaires. Read More

Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1988 May;65(5):515-8

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Munich, West Germany.

An innovative angle drill apparatus permits fixation of soft tissue, transplants, or alloplastic implants onto bone, as well as monocortical wire osteosynthesis. Thus it is necessary to expose only one bony surface. We are herewith reporting our initial clinical experience with this technique. Read More