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Clin Plast Surg 2022 Jul;49(3):409-414

Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cole Eye Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.

Direct browlifting comprises various techniques to lift the brows using incisions on or around the brows. The classic direct browlift involves removing an ellipse of skin and subcutaneous tissue within or just above the brow cilia. However, the technique can be modified to address only lateral brow ptosis, to place the incision in the midforehead or the eyelid crease, and to place the incisions in different areas during bilateral surgery to attempt to improve symmetry. Read More

Polymers (Basel) 2022 May 27;14(11). Epub 2022 May 27.

Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Sec. 3, Zhongxiao E. Rd., Taipei 10608, Taiwan.

Using barbed thread lifting for facial rejuvenation has become popular these days due to its minimally invasive procedures with reduced complications. However, only limited studies regarding its mechanical properties for face suspension were published. The aim of this study was to evaluate suture-holding ability regarding its facelift property, and different specimens were tested in order to establish an in vitro model. Read More

Clin Plast Surg 2022 Apr;49(2):257-273

Clinica Gomez Bravo, Claudio Coello 76, Madrid 28001, Spain. Electronic address:

Specialists seeking successful outcomes in male facial rejuvenation must be able to achieve adequate results in the neck and submental region to provide their patients with balanced and natural results. A thorough understanding of male jawline and neck surface aesthetics is described and its relevance to perceived age, attractiveness, and body mass index is presented. The neck lift technique described is based on the pursuit of 2 distinct objectives managed independently: (1) Volume contouring or reduction, which is mainly accomplished in the deep structures of the neck beneath the platysma and (2) superficial redraping, which consists of the management of the platysma itself and of the overlying subcutaneous fat and skin under minimal tension. Read More

Lasers Surg Med 2022 01 25;54(1):189-192. Epub 2021 Aug 25.

Biology Group, Pulse Biosciences, Hayward, CA.

Objectives: As clinicians continue to implement safety protocols amid the global pandemic, considerations to mitigate potential viral transmission of airborne particulates (plume) generated from certain dermatologic procedures are of growing interest. This study intended to measure the change in airborne particulate matter using a non-thermal energy modality called nano-pulse stimulation (NPS) and compare levels of concentration to common thermal modalities (CO2 laser and electrocautery). NPS is a new non-thermal modality that applies nanosecond pulses of electrical energy to induce regulated cell death in cellular structures while sparing the surrounding acellular structure of the dermis. Read More

Aesthetic Plast Surg 2021 12 3;45(6):2939-2947. Epub 2021 Jun 3.

Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.

Background: Fat grafting has been extensively applied as natural filler and has been very promising in restoring volume loss. Lipografting has also been credited to reduce age-related skin changes due to the regenerative potential of adipose derived stem cells. Cell-mediated therapies in plastic surgery are rapidly evolving with growing applications. Read More

Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2021 Apr 23;9(4):e3541. Epub 2021 Apr 23.

Department of Burn, Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.

Background: Although a local flap repair is optimal for facial defects, an extra flap or split-thickness skin graft may be needed if a sufficient local flap area is not available. In this study, we developed a distant axial pedicle flap procedure based on the inner transverse perforator of the ascending frontal branch of the superficial temporal artery to repair facial defects while meeting patients' requirements for a like-for-like tissue reconstructive outcome.

Methods: For defect repair after facial tumor removal, we designed upper frontal facial pedicle flaps based on the inner transverse perforator of the ascending frontal branch of the superficial temporal artery. Read More

Facial Plast Surg 2021 Apr 3;37(2):149-159. Epub 2021 Mar 3.

PLLC-Otolaryngology Division, Rochester, New York.

Facial aging in the midface has been described to encompass both soft tissue descent and volumetric change. Currently, there is no established and widely accepted grading system for midfacial ptosis. We propose a simplified grading system for midfacial ptosis ranging from mild to severe in terms of Grades I through III. Read More

Aesthet Surg J 2021 10;41(11):NP1394-NP1404

Regenerative Medicine Department of San Francesco Hospital, Verona, Italy.

Background: Facial aging is a degenerative process that impairs contour and angle prominence. Rejuvenation is based on tissue replacement, volumization of the atrophic areas, and improving flaccidity and cutaneous photoaging.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to apply structural fat grafting to manage volumetric deficits of the face, following a new systematic protocol called "Regen Fat Code" (RF Code) that was created to standardize structural lipotransfer methods. Read More

Ann Chir Plast Esthet 2021 Feb 10;66(1):62-68. Epub 2020 Dec 10.

59, rue Spontini, 75116 Paris, France. Electronic address:

The main and more frequent problem in face lift is recurrence of platysma bands, and of skin excess at the bitterness and naso-jugal folds. To improve face lift stability, a new aging analysis is proposed. The visible sign of face aging is skin excess. Read More

Aesthet Surg J 2021 08;41(9):987-999

Division of Plastic Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY, USA.

Background: Patients desire facelifting procedures to look younger, refreshed, and attractive. Unfortunately, there are few objective studies assessing the success of types of facelift procedures and ancillary techniques.

Objectives: The authors sought to utilize convolutional neural network algorithms alongside patient-reported FACE-Q outcomes to evaluate perceived age reduction and patient satisfaction following various facelift techniques. Read More

Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2021 Mar-Apr 01;37(2):179-182

Corneoplastic Unit, Queen Victoria Hospital, East Grinstead, RH19 3DZ, United Kingdom.

Purpose: The direct brow lift is a simple and popular technique, particularly in patients with brow ptosis secondary to facial palsy. It provides a high degree of control in determining the degree of brow elevation and shape achieved. However, it is arguably the least debated in terms of addressing some of its sequelae, namely the risks of a visible or indrawn scar and forehead paraesthesia. Read More

J Craniofac Surg 2020 Oct;31(7):1958-1961

Department of Plastic Surgery, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea.

In our previous anatomic study, the authors could pull the platysma effectively in the medial direction, lateral direction, or both the medial and lateral directions. In this paper, the authors analyzed the results of our series of modified medial and lateral platysmaplasties, in which the technique was based on Hamra's platysmaplasty, modified in light of Feldman's corset platysmaplasty and Mendelson's concepts.In medial platysmaplasty, subcutaneous dissection was performed from the mandibular border to 2 or 3 finger breadths above the xiphoid process. Read More

Handchir Mikrochir Plast Chir 2020 Dec 14;52(6):545-551. Epub 2020 May 14.

Institut für Plastische, Rekonstruktive und Ästhetische Chirurgie, Zürich-Zollikon.

Introduction And Background:  The human desire to achieve an improved/better way of looking can be traced back through all times of human history and culminated in the realm of plastic surgery in the beginning of the early 20th century. In particular a main interest was hereby the so-called facelift surgery and the first two German pioneers in this field: Eugen Holländer and Erich Lexer.

Aim Of The Paper:  The surgeons Eugen Holländer and Erich Lexer contributed to a big part to the development of facelift techniques. Read More

J Craniofac Surg 2020 May/Jun;31(3):642-647

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.

Background: Utilizing the concept of Barton's high superficial musculo-aponeurotic system (SMAS) technique, the authors performed the more extensive skin-attached SMAS/platysma flap elevation and the 'dual deep tissue support' technique involving multiple plications of the parotid-masseteric fascia, repositioning of the SMAS, and platysma muscle. Our aim was to demonstrate a specific surgical procedure for face and neck lift and offer its pitfalls and outcomes.

Methods: This study included 83 patients aged between 54 and 73 years. Read More

J Clin Aesthet Dermatol 2020 Jan 1;13(1):28-31. Epub 2020 Jan 1.

Dr Hopkins is with the Department of Dermatology at Broward Health in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. Mr. Moreno is with the College of Medicine at Texas A&M University in Temple, Texas.

Social media is increasingly cited as a contributing factor to the rising public interest in cosmetic procedures. By tracking online search interests, Google Trends (GT) can help quantify these trends. We used GT (trends. Read More

Ann Plast Surg 2020 04;84(4):397-401

From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.

Background: Impaired brow function in adult patients with arteriovenous malformation is a serious disability that can even influence the field of vision. Brow reanimation techniques are used to recover a more natural appearance and brow function. Many static procedures have been set to augment brow elevation, but only dynamic procedures can lead to better functional results. Read More

Skin Appendage Disord 2020 Jan 11;6(1):41-43. Epub 2019 Sep 11.

Department of Dermatology, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel.

Autologous fat grafting (AFG) is a common procedure, which gains popularity for a large number of indications, mainly for reshaping and filling of contour defects. It is considered a safe procedure, with only uncommon and mild complications. Here we report on a 60-year-old female patient who developed excess hair growth on both cheeks 1 month following facial AFG done in conjunction with a facelift. Read More

Arch Dermatol Res 2020 Sep 2;312(7):473-480. Epub 2020 Jan 2.

Dermatology Department, Kasr Al Ainy Faculty of Medicine Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.

Nasolabial folds are caused by loss of deep fat and subsequent loss of muscle contour in the midface, leading to sagging which forms cosmetic issues in some cases when they are otherwise overly pronounced. Various treatment procedures have been developed to reduce their appearance. The objective of this study is to compare the efficacy of hyaluronic acid (HA) cheek fillers injection and thread lifting in improving the nasolabail folds. Read More

Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2019 Jun 27;7(6):e2270. Epub 2019 Jun 27.

Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill.

The facelift has significantly evolved over the past several decades. What was once considered a skin only operation is now a sophisticated, elegant procedure that requires meticulous preoperative analysis, understanding of underlying anatomically based aging changes, and extreme attention to detail. According to the American Society of Plastic Surgeons, 125,697 facelifts were performed in 2017. Read More

Clin Plast Surg 2019 Oct 17;46(4):505-513. Epub 2019 Jul 17.

Department of Plastic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, A60, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA. Electronic address:

In this article, we review the history of the facelift operation and how it evolved from skin excision only to the modern superficial musculoaponeurotic system operation. We describe the critical surgical anatomy of the facial layers, retaining ligaments of the face, facial spaces, the 3-dimensional complex course of the facial nerve branches, and the pertinent anatomy of the neck. This article is supplemented by fresh cadaver anatomic dissections. Read More

JAMA Facial Plast Surg 2019 Sep;21(5):375-380

Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Department of Otolaryngology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York.

Importance: Glabellar wrinkling is a critical component of upper facial aging.

Objective: To compare the long-term outcomes on the wrinkle lines of the glabella and forehead following browlifts with vs without corrugator and procerus muscle resection.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A prospective cohort comparative trial was conducted of 23 patients who underwent browlift procedures by a single surgeon at a single institution (16 with glabellar muscle resection and 7 without muscle resection) between May 1, 2016, and July 1, 2017. Read More

Aesthet Surg J 2019 08;39(9):927-942

Facial plastic surgeon in private practice in North Charleston, SC.

Background: Sub-superficial musculo-aponeurotic system (SMAS) rhytidectomy techniques are considered to have a higher complication profile, especially for facial nerve injury, compared with less invasive SMAS techniques. This results in surgeons avoiding sub-SMAS dissection.

Objectives: The authors sought to aggregate and summarize data on complications among different SMAS facelift techniques. Read More

Aesthetic Plast Surg 2018 Dec 8;42(6):1576-1581. Epub 2018 Oct 8.

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Microsurgery, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.

Background: Correction of tear trough (TT) deformity is a crucial aspect of facial rejuvenation. Because the anatomical origins of TT deformity lie in the TT ligaments, which firmly attach the dermis to the periosteum, the release of TT ligaments should be considered when performing an etiological correction. The aim of this paper is to propose an alternative method for TT deformity correction, comprising use of filler together with the release of TT ligaments. Read More

Clin Plast Surg 2018 Oct;45(4):585-600

Marten Clinic of Plastic Surgery, 450 Sutter Street Suite 2222, San Francisco, CA 94108, USA.

For a subset of patients poor neck contour exists as a largely isolated problem and can be treated with a short scar neck lift procedure whereby no skin is removed. The procedure is performed through a submental incision without any removal of skin and relies on modification of deep-layer structures to improve neck contour. "Excess" skin is allowed to redistribute itself over the increased neck surface area created when deep-layer maneuvers are performed, neck contour is improved, and the cervicomental angle deepened. Read More

Aesthet Surg J 2019 01;39(1):1-7

Department of Plastic Surgery, Lenox Hill Hospital and Manhattan Eye, Ear and Throat Hospital, New York, NY.

Background: Recurrent platysma bands remain a common problem in neck rejuvenation.

Objectives: The goals of this cadaver study were to document the course of the cervical branches of the facial nerve and investigate the pattern of platysma muscle innervation before and after various platysmaplasty maneuvers.

Methods: A total of 8 fresh cadaver specimens were dissected for a total of 16 hemifaces/necks. Read More

Aesthetic Plast Surg 2018 Dec 20;42(6):1551-1555. Epub 2018 Jul 20.

Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.

Background: In his facial aesthetics practice, the senior author (B.G.) observed that many patients presenting with horizontal forehead lines also demonstrated upper eyelid ptosis or enough blepharodermachalasia to require compensation. Read More

J Drugs Dermatol 2018 06;17(6):647-655

A complete approach to facial rejuvenation includes restoration of the skin's surface, relaxation of muscles that contribute to hyperkinetic movement, revolumization, and repositioning/recontouring of descended tissues and fat pads. After receiving 510(k) clearance from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2015, the Silhouette InstaLift™ absorbable suspension suture became the only available non-surgical technique for repositioning of facial tissue. In January 2017, a consensus paper presented a review of the literature on the efficacy and safety of absorbable suspension sutures and provided information on treatment procedures. Read More

Aesthet Surg J 2018 Oct;38(11):1225-1236

Division of Plastic Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.

Background: The perioral region is the most dynamic anatomic area of the face and subject to complex and dramatic changes during aging. Successful treatment for perioral rejuvenation has yet to be identified, and prior studies have reported only subjective outcomes.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to utilize our validated dynamic 3-dimensional imaging technology to determine whether conservative neuromodulation combined with hyaluronic acid filler volumization can decrease perioral strain and increase volume with significant patient satisfaction. Read More