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JAMA Netw Open 2018 Nov 2;1(7):e184406. Epub 2018 Nov 2.

University Bordeaux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1219, Bordeaux, France.

Importance: The eye is a sensory organ that is easily accessible for imaging techniques, allowing the measurement of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness. The eye is part of the central nervous system, and its neurons may be susceptible to degeneration; therefore, changes in the RNFL thickness may reflect microstructural and volume alterations in the brain.

Objective: To explore the association between the peripapillary RNFL thickness and brain alterations in the visual and limbic networks in elderly people without dementia. Read More

JAMA Netw Open 2018 Dec 7;1(8):e186529. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco.

Importance: Congenital Zika virus infection causes a spectrum of adverse birth outcomes, including severe birth defects of the central nervous system. The association of prenatal ultrasonographic findings with adverse neonatal outcomes, beyond structural anomalies such as microcephaly, has not been described to date.

Objective: To determine whether prenatal ultrasonographic examination results are associated with abnormal neonatal outcomes in Zika virus-affected pregnancies. Read More

JAMA Netw Open 2019 Jan 4;2(1):e186801. Epub 2019 Jan 4.

Department of Neuroscience/Ophthalmology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.

Importance: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) can cause severe visual disability even in high-resource settings. A better understanding of the prevalence and processes leading to ROP-induced severe visual impairment may help health care professionals design preventive measures.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of severe visual disability among children born preterm in Sweden, evaluate adherence to best practice, and determine the health system's structural capacity. Read More

JAMA Netw Open 2019 Jan 4;2(1):e186647. Epub 2019 Jan 4.

Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore.

Importance: Thicker or thinner central corneas may lead to either overestimation or underestimation of intraocular pressure, which is the most important causal and treatable risk factor for glaucoma. However, the findings on the associations between diabetes, random glucose, and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) with central corneal thickness (CCT) are conflicting.

Objective: To evaluate the associations between diabetes, random glucose, and HbA1c with CCT in a multiethnic Asian population. Read More

JAMA Netw Open 2018 Sep 7;1(5):e182460. Epub 2018 Sep 7.

Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.

Importance: The American Academy of Pediatrics currently recommends weight for length (WFL) for assessment of weight status in children younger than 2 years but body mass index (BMI) for children older than 2 years. However, the clinical implications of using WFL vs BMI in children younger than 2 years as an indicator of future health outcomes remains understudied.

Objective: To compare associations of overweight based on WFL vs BMI in children younger than 2 years with cardiometabolic outcomes during early adolescence. Read More

JAMA Netw Open 2018 Aug 3;1(4):e181755. Epub 2018 Aug 3.

Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics, New York, New York.

Importance: Consensus around an efficient second-line treatment option for type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains ambiguous. The availability of electronic medical records and insurance claims data, which capture routine medical practice, accessed via the Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics network presents an opportunity to generate evidence for the effectiveness of second-line treatments.

Objective: To identify which drug classes among sulfonylureas, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, and thiazolidinediones are associated with reduced hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels and lower risk of myocardial infarction, kidney disorders, and eye disorders in patients with T2D treated with metformin as a first-line therapy. Read More

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2019 Jan;60(1):245-254

Department of Ophthalmology, Jules Stein Eye Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States.

Purpose: Pathologic corneal neovascularization is a major cause of blindness worldwide, and treatment options are currently limited. VEGF is one of the critical mediators of corneal neovascularization but current anti-VEGF therapies have produced limited results in the cornea. Thus, additional therapeutic agents are needed to enhance the antiangiogenic arsenal. Read More

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2019 Jan;60(1):226-233

School of Optometry, Department of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States.

Purpose: Midday fogging is a frequent complaint among scleral contact lens (ScCL) wearers, and the mechanism and cause of this is unknown. The purpose of this investigation was to understand the relation between midday fogging, ocular surface leukocytes, and ScCL fitting characteristics.

Methods: Subjects arrived at a clinical exam having worn ScCLs for at least 4 hours. Read More

Cerebrovasc Dis 2019 Jan 15;46(5-6):257-264. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.

Background: The association that exists between livedo reticularis (LR) and stroke is known as Sneddon's syndrome (SnS). The disorder is classified as primary SnS (PSnS), if the cause remains unknown and secondary SnS. The condition is rare and it occurs mainly sporadically. Read More

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2019 Jan 15. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

Purpose: To demonstrate the efficacy and safety of ranibizumab 0.5 mg pro re nata (PRN) versus laser photocoagulation for the treatment of Chinese patients with visual impairment due to diabetic macular edema (DME).

Methods: REFINE was a phase III, 12-month, double-masked, multicenter, laser-controlled study in patients (aged ≥ 18 years) with DME. Read More

Opt Express 2018 Dec;26(25):33356-33365

A large optofluidic compound eye is developed by using a straightforward, rapid, and low-cost technique. The compound eye's angle of view can be adjusted by injecting deionized water/calcium chloride solution of different volume into the optofluidic chip. Optofluidic compound eyes containing about 78,000 microlenses of 50 μm diameter are fabricated for analysis. Read More

Opt Express 2018 Dec;26(25):32802-32811

We propose an integrated holographic waveguide display system. An infrared volume holographic grating (IVHG) and a visible light grating are recorded on the same waveguide to achieve the purpose of a common light path for system miniaturization. Simulated and experimental results verify the feasibility of this method. Read More

Opt Express 2019 Jan;27(1):102-109

We demonstrate high-bandwidth O-band Mach-Zehnder modulators with indium phosphide-on-silicon (InP-on-Si) capacitive phase shifters that are compatible with heterogeneous laser fabrication processes. An electro-optic conversion efficiency of 1.3 V⋅cm and a 3 dB bandwidth of up to 30 GHz was observed for a phase modulator length of 250 μm at a 0 V bias. Read More

AJR Am J Roentgenol 2019 Jan 15:1-7. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

2 Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Section for Experimental Radiology, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.

Objective: The eye lens is one of the most radiosensitive organs, and medical radiation is one of the main causes of cataracts. To protect the lens during head CT examinations, protectors have been developed; however, they can lead to image artifacts, which is a major disadvantage of their use. This study retrospectively evaluates the frequency and extent of artifacts caused by these protectors related to three anatomic regions (eye, brain, and bone) and their dependence on protector positioning. Read More

FASEB J 2019 Jan 15:fj201802493R. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.

Cone photoreceptors are essential for vision under moderate to high illuminance and allow color discrimination. Their fast dark adaptation rate and resistance to saturation are believed to depend in part on an intraretinal visual cycle that supplies 11- cis-retinaldehyde to cone opsins. Candidate enzymes of this pathway have been reported, but their physiologic contribution to cone photoresponses remains unknown. Read More

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2019 Jan;60(1):202-208

Clinical Eye Research Division, Department of Ophthalmology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark.

Purpose: Geographic atrophy (GA) is a clinical phenotype of late age-related macular degeneration (AMD) with no current treatment available. In this study, we investigated markers of chronic inflammation in plasma of patients with GA and how these relate to progression rate.

Methods: We prospectively included 42 patients with GA, 41 patients with neovascular AMD, and 27 healthy controls. Read More

J Invest Surg 2019 Jan 15:1-9. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

a Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , Shimane University Faculty of Medicine , Izumo , Shimane , Japan.

Purpose: We investigated the feasibility of isolated medial orbital wall fracture reconstruction using an unsintered hydroxyapatite particles/poly L-lactide (u-HA/PLLA) sheet implant with the assistance of intraoperative navigation via the transcaruncular approach.

Patients And Methods: Ten consecutive patients (5 males and 5 females; mean age, 57.5 years) were included based on the clinical and imaging criteria. Read More

Orbit 2019 Jan 15:1-3. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

a Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences , Moran Eye Center, University of Utah Health Sciences Center , Salt Lake City , UT , USA.

Idiopathic subepidermal calcinosis, also known as idiopathic calcinosis cutis, is a rare condition, which typically presents as a small, hard, subepithelial mass in the absence of systemic disease and trauma. We report on an atypical case of idiopathic calcinosis, which appeared in an otherwise healthy 61-year-old female along the tarsus of her right upper eyelid. The purpose of this case report is to demonstrate idiopathic calcinosis in an unusual location that is deep to the dermis and to discuss the vast differential diagnosis of this entity. Read More

Curr Eye Res 2019 Jan 15. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

e Clinical Medicine (Four-year program) of Grade 2014 , Xi'an Medical University , Xi'an , Shaanxi , PR China.

Backgroud: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is produced by a variety of cells involved in inflammation and acts as local intensification signals in pathological processes associated with chronic eye inflammation. This meta-analysis was performed to provide a better understanding of the relationship between IL-6 and Diabetic Retinopathy. Methods: The study was started with systematic search for literatures by using the PubMed, Web of Science and Embase online databases. Read More

Inorg Chem 2019 Jan 15. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Bright fluorescent rare-earth-ion-doped upconversion nanomaterials are attractive choices for photonic devices. A remarkable green upconversion emission has been obtained by the sensitizing effect of Yb in a Yb/Er:NaLaMgWO (NLMWO) nanophosphor under near-infrared (NIR) excitation. A citrate sol-gel method was employed to synthesize the nanophosphor samples. Read More

Stem Cells Transl Med 2019 Jan 15. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Department of Ophthalmology, Byers Eye Institute at Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA.

Severe corneal injuries often result in permanent vision loss and remain a clinical challenge. Human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their secreted factors (secretome) have been studied for their antiscarring, anti-inflammatory, and antiangiogeneic properties. We aimed to deliver lyophilized MSC secretome (MSC-S) within a viscoelastic gel composed of hyaluronic acid (HA) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) as a way to enhance corneal re-epithelialization and reduce complications after mechanical and chemical injuries of the cornea. Read More

Cancer 2019 Jan 15. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.

Background: Somatic mutations in hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (HIF2A) are associated with polycythemia-paraganglioma syndrome. Specifically, the classic presentation of female patients with recurrent paragangliomas (PGLs), polycythemia (at birth or in early childhood), and duodenal somatostatinomas has been described. Studies have demonstrated that somatic HIF2A mutations occur as postzygotic events and some to be associated with somatic mosaicism affecting hematopoietic and other tissue precursors. Read More

Nat Neurosci 2019 Jan 15. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Laboratory of Sensorimotor Research, National Eye Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.

The original and corrected figures are shown in the accompanying Publisher Correction. Read More

Sci Rep 2019 Jan 15;9(1):144. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Department of Psychology, Technical University Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Hesse, Germany.

The capability of directing gaze to relevant parts in the environment is crucial for our survival. Computational models have proposed quantitative accounts of human gaze selection in a range of visual search tasks. Initially, models suggested that gaze is directed to the locations in a visual scene at which some criterion such as the probability of target location, the reduction of uncertainty or the maximization of reward appear to be maximal. Read More

Nat Commun 2019 Jan 15;10(1):215. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA.

Spatial attention is discontinuous, sampling behaviorally relevant locations in theta-rhythmic cycles (3-6 Hz). Underlying this rhythmic sampling are intrinsic theta oscillations in frontal and parietal cortices that provide a clocking mechanism for two alternating attentional states that are associated with either engagement at the presently attended location (and enhanced perceptual sensitivity) or disengagement (and diminished perceptual sensitivity). It has remained unclear, however, how these theta-dependent states are coordinated across the large-scale network that directs spatial attention. Read More

Curr Pharm Des 2019 Jan 15. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN. 38163. United States.

Background: The eye is considered as a window of the disease, and a better understanding of neurodegenerative changes in the eye may help diagnose and manage neurodegenerative diseases including the diseases of brain, heart, kidney and liver. In the eye, the blood retinal barrier (BRB] is maintained by the combination of endothelial cells, pericytes, and glia. This BRB integrity is fundamental to the physiology of retinal cellular function and accurate vision. Read More

Eur J Ophthalmol 2019 Jan 15:1120672118823135. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Advanced Eye Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India.

Aim:: To find out and compare various predictors of glaucoma-related visual impairments in primary and secondary glaucoma.

Methods:: A prospective observational study of patients, who were above 30 years of age. They were diagnosed as primary/secondary glaucoma with visual acuity <20/200 Snellen's/visual field showing less than 20° isopter in at least one eye, with a minimum follow-up of one year at a tertiary center. Read More

J Adv Nurs 2019 Jan 15. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Australia.

Aim: To explore nurses' and midwives' experiences of urinary symptoms at work.

Background: Lower urinary tract symptoms are common in female nurses and midwives. There is limited understanding of the relationship between urinary symptoms, bladder health practices and work. Read More

Cardiol J 2019 Jan 15. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.

Background: Mobile devices are gaining a rising number of users in all countries around the globe. Novel solutions to diagnose patients with out-of-hospital onset of arrhythmic symptoms can be easily used to record such events, but the effectiveness of these devices remain unknown.

Methods: In a group of 100 consecutive patients of an academic cardiology care center (mean age 68 ± 14. Read More

Int Ophthalmol 2019 Jan 14. Epub 2019 Jan 14.

Cornea and Refractive Surgery Department, Asociación Para Evitar la Ceguera (APEC), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, #46 Vicente García Torres, Delegación Coyoacán, 04030, México City, México.

Purpose: To translate and validate a Spanish-language adaptation of the 5-Item Dry Eye Questionnaire for the Mexican population.

Methods: Based on the MAPI Institute guidelines, the linguistic validation procedures consisted of four steps. Every step was reviewed by the committee. Read More

Angiogenesis 2019 Jan 14. Epub 2019 Jan 14.

Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) with pathological retinal neovascularization is the most common cause of blindness in children. ROP is currently treated with laser therapy or cryotherapy, both of which may adversely affect the peripheral vision with limited efficacy. Owing to the susceptibility of the developing retina and vasculatures to pharmacological intervention, there is currently no approved drug therapy for ROP in preterm infants. Read More

Int Urogynecol J 2019 Jan 14. Epub 2019 Jan 14.

Department of Urology, Komatsu Municipal Hospital, Ishikawa, Japan.

Introduction And Hypothesis: The steep Trendelenburg position, high pneumoperitoneum pressure, and longer surgical time may lead to significantly increased intraocular pressure (IOP), which could result in unexpected eye disease complications, including perioperative visual loss (POVL). We monitored IOP to induce early laparoscopic sacral colpopexy (LSC) safely.

Methods: This prospective study enrolled 39 patients with pelvic organ prolapse (POP), including 10 with eye diseases (6 with normal tension glaucoma and 4 with a narrow anterior chamber and normal range IOP). Read More

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2019 Jan 15. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Glaucoma Research Center, Wills Eye Hospital, 840 Walnut Street, Suite 1140, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.

Primary open-angle glaucoma is currently characterized by a pattern of progressive retinal ganglion cell loss that stems from a complex underlying pathophysiology that remains poorly elucidated. The roles of blood flow and intraocular pressure (IOP) in glaucoma pathogenesis have been extensively studied. Further, it has been established that lowering IOP can slow the progression of glaucoma. Read More

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2019 Jan 14. Epub 2019 Jan 14.

Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, No. 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.

Purpose: This study compares the posterior corneal elevation and corneal biomechanics after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and laser-assisted subepithelial keratomileusis (LASEK) for myopia correction in a short- and long-term observation.

Methods: This prospective study included 32 patients in the SMILE group and 32 patients in the LASEK group. Corneal posterior central elevation (PCE), posterior mean elevation (PME), corneal back power (Kb), and anterior chamber depth (ACD) were evaluated with Pentacam, and intraocular pressure (IOP), corneal hysteresis (CH), and corneal resistance factor (CRF) were evaluated with the ORA at pre-operation and 3 months and 3 years post-operation. Read More

Ther Adv Ophthalmol 2019 Jan-Dec;11:2515841418820755. Epub 2019 Jan 5.

Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Porto, Portugal.

Introduction: Macular edema after central retinal vein occlusion is a common cause of vision loss. Upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor and higher levels of inflammatory mediators have been involved in the pathogeny of the macular edema in central retinal vein occlusion.

Case Report: The authors report a case with non-ischemic central retinal vein occlusion that was successfully treated with a single sustained-release fluocinolone acetonide intravitreal implant. Read More

Biomed Res Int 2018 17;2018:4374087. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA.

Purpose: Lutein, RR-zeaxanthin, and RS-zeaxanthin (L-Z) are antioxidants which can reduce endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and oxidative stress (OS), and ameliorate neurodegenerative diseases. However, their treatment effect in the () mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and the underlying cellular mechanisms have not been studied. ERS is an important factor which causes photoreceptor apoptosis. Read More

Ocul Oncol Pathol 2018 Jun 1;4(4):261-266. Epub 2018 Feb 1.

Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.

The management of patients with diffuse invasive conjunctival melanoma focuses on local tumor control and screening for metastasis. Despite the lack of consensus on the benefit of sentinel lymph node biopsy for these neoplasms, the information obtained by histopathology is useful for tumor staging and treatment planning. Due to the lack of evidence of survival improvement, orbital exenteration is being performed with diminishing frequency. Read More

Ocul Oncol Pathol 2018 Jun 19;4(4):254-260. Epub 2018 Jan 19.

Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.

Background: The liver is the most common site for metastases of several primary malignancies including uveal melanoma.

Methods: Review of imaging characteristics of incidental common benign liver lesions including hepatic cyst, hemangioma, focal nodular hyperplasia, and hepatic adenoma and contrasting them with uveal melanoma metastases.

Results: Benign hepatic lesions may be cystic or, if solid, relatively stable in size over time. Read More

Ocul Oncol Pathol 2018 Jun 19;4(4):250-253. Epub 2018 Jan 19.

Department of Vitreoretina and Oncology, Medical Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India.

Purpose: To report the clinicopathological correlation of absent crystalline lens in an eye with retinoblastoma.

Methods: A 1-year-old female child was brought to our patient services for pain and swelling in the right eye since the past few months. The child was diagnosed to have bilateral retinoblastoma and was suspected to have absence of crystalline lens in the right eye on the basis of clinical findings and ocular imaging. Read More

Ocul Oncol Pathol 2018 Jun 19;4(4):240-249. Epub 2018 Jan 19.

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.

Aim: To describe 4 cases of conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with corneal stromal invasion.

Methods: Retrospective, clinicopathologic case series.

Results: All patients had prior resections of presumed pterygia. Read More

Ocul Oncol Pathol 2018 Jun 17;4(4):236-239. Epub 2018 Jan 17.

Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.

Ocular melanocytosis portends a higher risk of uveal melanoma. Multifocal uveal melanoma has been described previously and has been associated with ocular melanocytosis. Historically, histopathology has been used to differentiate tumors; however, molecular profiling now allows for better prognostication and determination of metastatic risk. Read More

Ocul Oncol Pathol 2018 Jun 12;4(4):230-235. Epub 2018 Jan 12.

Department of Ophthalmic Pathology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Primary cutaneous angiosarcoma is a rare vasoformative malignant neoplasm that can present a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. We describe a 76-year-old Caucasian man with right upper eyelid swelling and nodularity, initially suspected clinically to represent either ocular adnexal lymphoma or basal cell carcinoma. Incisional biopsy and wide resection of the mass with frozen section control of margins were interpreted as compatible with hobnail (Dabska-retiform) hemangioendothelioma. Read More

Ocul Oncol Pathol 2018 Jun 22;4(4):225-229. Epub 2017 Dec 22.

University of Southern California Roski Eye Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Purpose: To describe late apical relapse of a choroidal melanoma at the site of fine needle aspiration biopsy 10 years following successful treatment with I brachytherapy.

Methods: Retrospective case report of a 78-year-old male presenting 10 years following successful I brachytherapy for a choroidal melanoma with a medium-sized nodular amelanotic tumor recurrence at the site of the prior tumor biopsy.

Results: Fundus photography and B-scan ultrasound documented the findings at presentation at our institution. Read More

Ocul Oncol Pathol 2018 Jun 22;4(4):220-224. Epub 2017 Dec 22.

Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, WA, USA.

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to describe a case of relapsed pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) presenting as a rapidly progressive subretinal infiltrate, as diagnosed by ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (FNA).

Methods: We conducted a clinical pathological retrospective chart review.

Results: Eleven months after documented remission of T-cell ALL while on maintenance therapy, this 17-year-old patient presented with acute open angle glaucoma in the right eye. Read More

Ocul Oncol Pathol 2018 Jun 16;4(4):203-212. Epub 2017 Dec 16.

Department of Pathology, Wills Eye Hospital, Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Background/aims: Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) has become a mainstay of ophthalmic practice that has revolutionized the assessment and treatment of a variety of ocular disorders. Studies that directly correlate SD-OCT and histopathology are necessary to demonstrate the actual nature of the retinal pathology responsible for the images that resemble histologic sections, but are generated by mathematical algorithms.

Methods: Careful correlative light microscopy was performed on a small number of eyes undergoing enucleation for intraocular tumors that had pertinent findings imaged by SD-OCT. Read More

Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov (N Y) 2018 9;8:589. Epub 2019 Jan 9.

Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic, Baylor College of Medicine Houston, TX, USA.

Background: There is longstanding controversy surrounding the possible link between essential tremor (ET) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Inconsistent and unreliable diagnostic criteria may in part account for some of the difficulties in defining the relationship between these two common movement disorders.

Methods: References for this systematic review were identified using PubMed with the search terms "essential tremor" AND "Parkinson's disease" with articles published in English between 1960 and September 2018 included. Read More

Case Rep Ophthalmol Med 2018 10;2018:4856019. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, Milano, Italy.

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of corneal cross-linking window absorption (CXL-WA) as an adjuvant therapy for keratitis.

Methods: A 90-year-old male came to our clinic complaining of hyperemic conjunctivitis and progressive visual loss in the right eye. Slit-lamp examination showed keratic precipitates, severe corneal opacity, and stromal edema. Read More

Hong Kong J Occup Ther 2018 Dec 3;31(2):106-114. Epub 2019 Jan 3.

Soonchunhyang University, South Korea.

Background/objective: Eye-hand coordination, which is essential for activities of daily living, develops with age. The objective of this study was to investigate the temporal patterns of visual fixation coupled with hands during manual action on objects in children and young adults.

Methods: Twelve eight-year-old children and 12 young adults performed the Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test (JTT) wearing eye-tracking glasses. Read More

Clin Interv Aging 2019 27;14:53-63. Epub 2018 Dec 27.

Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) has been emerging as one of the most serious health problems worldwide. Ocular complications of DM are currently one of the major causes of blindness in developed countries, among which diabetic retinopathy is relatively well studied and understood. However, although ocular surface complications of DM are common, diabetic complications of anterior segment of the eye, such as, cornea, conjunctiva, and lacrimal glands, are often overlooked. Read More

Clin Ophthalmol 2019 31;13:95-105. Epub 2018 Dec 31.

Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA,

Purpose: To characterize and compare choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to white dot syndromes (WDS) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A).

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study in which we imaged patients with CNV secondary to WDS and AMD with either the Zeiss Angioplex OCT-A or Optovue AngioVue OCT-A. Relevant demographic and clinical characteristics were collected and analyzed. Read More