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Cureus 2020 Jun 27;12(6):e8862. Epub 2020 Jun 27.

Hematology and Medical Oncology, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, USA.

Small cell carcinoma is a type of highly aggressive poorly differentiated neuroendocrine tumor that can arise from multiple organs, including but not limited to bronchial tissue, pancreas, gastrointestinal tract, and genitourinary system. The most commonly studied type is small cell lung cancer (SCLC) which carries the worst prognosis among lung cancers. After multiple promising clinical trials, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network has recently added atezolizumab and durvalumab in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy/etoposide to the first-line treatment regimen for extensive-stage SCLC (ES-SCLC). Read More

Gynecol Oncol 2020 Jun 11. Epub 2020 Jun 11.

Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States. Electronic address:

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab in women with recurrent small cell neuroendocrine tumors of the lower genital tract.

Methods: We conducted an open-label, investigator-initiated phase II basket trial of pembrolizumab 200 mg intravenously every 3 weeks in patients with rare tumors (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02721732). Read More

Endocr Relat Cancer 2020 Jul;27(7):R219-R238

Department of Gastroenterology and Medical Oncology, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.

Patients with extrapulmonary poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (EP-PD-NECs) have a poor prognosis. Surgery is offered for those with localised disease, but the majority of patients present with advanced disease. Treatment strategies adopted are analogous to that of high grade NECs of the lung, with platinum/etoposide-based regimens advocated in the first-line setting for advanced disease. Read More

Eur J Surg Oncol 2020 Apr 19. Epub 2020 Apr 19.

Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Louisville Hospital, Louisville, KY, USA.

Background: Extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma is a rare malignancy with scarce data. Treatment paradigms extrapolate from pulmonary small cell carcinoma and single institution studies. We analyzed the epidemiology, patterns of care, prognostic factors, and overall survival (OS) of EPSCC patients. Read More

Ann Ital Chir 2020 ;91:65-68

Neuroendocrine carcinoma cases, more frequent in the GI tract, have rarely been reported in extrapulmonary areas. Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the bladder is one of the malignancies with a poor prognosis, which is expected to cause rapid metastases. In addition, neuroendocrine carcinoma of the bladder constitutes < 1% of all bladder carcinomas. Read More

Cureus 2019 Dec 28;11(12):e6488. Epub 2019 Dec 28.

Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA.

Extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma (EPSCC) of the breast is a very rare tumor. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) production from these tumors is extremely rare and seldom reported resulting in significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges and delays. We present a case of a 38-year-old female who presented with a breast lump and was diagnosed with primary EPSCC of the breast. Read More

Z Gastroenterol 2020 Feb 2;58(2):133-136. Epub 2020 Jan 2.

Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany.

High-grade neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) comprise a rare entity. Due to the lack of randomized controlled trials, therapy recommendations were mainly extrapolated from its pulmonary analogue, small cell lung cancer and mostly validated in small retrospective case series. The multicentric Nordic NEC Study of gastro-entero-pancreatic (GEP) and cancer of unknown primary (CUP) high-grade neuroendocrine neoplasms showed a significant disease control upon treatment with etoposide and platinum-based chemotherapies 1. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Dec 29;12(12). Epub 2019 Dec 29.

Internal Medicne, SAUSHEC, Fort Sam Houston, Texas, USA.

Small cell carcinoma (SCC) of the bladder is a rare malignancy, representing less than 1% of bladder cancers diagnosed annually in the USA. In contrast to SCC of the lung, paraneoplastic syndromes are rarely documented in cases of extrapulmonary SCCs, particularly those of genitourinary origin. We present a case of SCC of the bladder presenting with paraneoplastic syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone, which resolved after treatment with sequential chemoradiation. Read More

J Gastrointest Surg 2020 Jun 17;24(6):1441-1443. Epub 2019 Dec 17.

Department of Surgery, North Florida/South Georgia Veterans Health System and the University of Florida College of Medicine, PO Box 100109, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.

Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi 2019 Nov;22(11):687-695

Department of General Medicine, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing 101149, China.

Background: In recent years, a number of clinical trials have shown that immunocheckpoint inhibitors (ICI) have brought survival benefits to patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), however, such clinical trials comprise cohorts selected based on strict and complex entry and exclusion criteria, and the results cannot fully reflect the real world situation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of immunotherapy in the real world, as well as possible prognostic factors.

Methods: Patients with advanced NSCLC receiving immunotherapy in Beijing Chest Hospital from January 2017 to July 2019 were retrospectively collected, and the following information were collected: curative effect, progression-free surival (PFS) and adverse reactions. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Nov;98(48):e18251

Department of Pulmonology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine.

Rationale: Small cell carcinoma (SCC) occurs mostly in the lung, and small cell lung cancer accounts for 13% of newly diagnosed lung cancers. Only 2.5% of SCC occurs in extrapulmonary sites, and SCC of pleural origin is especially very uncommon. Read More

Ann Thorac Surg 2020 01 22;109(1):255-261. Epub 2019 Aug 22.

Department of Medical Oncology, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan.

Background: To predict pathological response and survival in T3/T4 non-small cell lung cancer after induction chemoradiotherapy by assessing fluorodeoxyglucose uptake with positron emission tomography.

Methods: In this retrospective observational study, standard uptake values of whole tumors and extrapulmonary involvement sites were measured after induction chemoradiotherapy. The values were then compared with pathological responses and recurrence-free survival. Read More

Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2019 Nov 4;128(11):1006-1012. Epub 2019 Jun 4.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.

Objectives: Small cell carcinomas in extrapulmonary sites (ESmCCs) are very rare. ESmCCs originating in the head and neck account for approximately 10% of all ESmCCs, and there are few reports about this disease. ESmCCs have an aggressive natural history characterized by widespread metastasis. Read More

Med Clin (Barc) 2019 08 29;153(3):115-121. Epub 2019 May 29.

Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, España.

Bronchogenic carcinoma is the leading cause of death due to cancer worldwide. Nearly 75% of patients have a disseminated carcinoma at diagnosis. Up to 50% of patients with a localized disease will develop metastasis. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 May;98(19):e15614

Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital Gumi, Gumi, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea.

Rationale: Primary extrapulmonary small-cell carcinoma (SCC) of appendix is reported very rarely. We report herein a case of mixed SCC and adenocarcinoma of appendix.

Patient's Concern: A 70-year-old female was consulted to our Emergency Department with the right lower abdominal pain and low-grade fever for 2 days. Read More

J Radiat Res 2019 Jul;60(4):509-516

Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Research Hospital East, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan.

Small cell carcinoma of the bladder is extremely rare, accounting for <1% of all malignant tumours in the urinary tract. Thus, no standard therapy modality for this malignancy has been established. This study aimed to retrospectively analyse the clinical outcomes associated with definitive radiotherapy for small cell carcinoma of the bladder. Read More

Ann Ital Chir 2019 Mar 4;8. Epub 2019 Mar 4.

Neuroendocrine carcinoma cases, more frequent in the GI tract, have rarely been reported in extrapulmonary areas. Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the bladder is one of the malignancies with a poor prognosis, which is expected to cause rapid metastases. In addition, neuroendocrine carcinoma of the bladder constitutes < 1% of all bladder carcinomas. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Dec 3;11(1). Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Radiation Oncology, Batra Hospital & Medical Research Centre, New Delhi, Delhi, India.

Extrapulmonary small cell carcinomas (EPSCC) are a rare subtype of neuroendocrine tumours which have been documented to arise from a multitude of sites and treatment outcomes are disappointing. The most common site involved in the head and neck region is the larynx and the oropharynx as a primary site has been infrequently reported. The patient presented with bilateral neck swelling and an ulcerated lesion was noted in the base of tongue (BOT). Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Dec;97(49):e13469

Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital.

Rationale: About 50% of patients with a diagnosis of nonsmall cell lung carcinoma exhibit metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis. The preferential sites of extrapulmonary spread are the lymph nodes, liver, brain, adrenal glands, and bones; gastrointestinal tract perforation secondary to metastatic lung cancer is extremely rare.

Patient Concerns: A 60-year-old male nonsmoker patient presented with a 20-day history of facial, neck, and right upper limb edema. Read More

Cureus 2018 Jul 16;10(7):e2987. Epub 2018 Jul 16.

Radiation Oncology, Cross Cancer Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, CAN.

Small cell carcinoma is rarely found to originate from the hypopharynx and there exists no treatment guidelines due to the small number of cases. Here, we present a case of a female patient with metastatic small cell carcinoma originating from the posterior hypopharynx with lymph node involvement. Her treatment consisted of chemotherapy with etoposide and cisplatin as well as radiation therapy. Read More

J Med Genet 2019 11 1;56(11):778-782. Epub 2018 Nov 1.

Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.

Background: Copa syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disorder with abnormal intracellular vesicle trafficking. The objective of this work is to expand the knowledge about this disorder by delineating phenotypic features of an unreported COPA family.

Methods And Results: A heterozygous missense variant (c. Read More

Clin Endosc 2019 May 5;52(3):278-282. Epub 2018 Oct 5.

Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Korea.

Small cell carcinomas are the most aggressive, highly malignant neuroendocrine tumors; among these, gastric small cell carcinoma (GSCC) is extremely rare. Here we report a case of a patient with primary GSCC, presenting as linitis plastic, who was diagnosed using endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided biopsy. With undiagnosed linitis plastica, an 80-year-old woman was referred to our institution. Read More

Onco Targets Ther 2018 3;11:5391-5395. Epub 2018 Sep 3.

Department of Oromaxillofacial-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital, College of Medicine, Southeast University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China,

Extrapulmonary small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (SNEC) is an extremely rare and highly malignant tumor with a poor prognosis. Multiple metastases of SNEC are even more rare, and patients with locally advanced and metastatic disease generally face a poor outcome. To date, only a few cases of SNEC have been reported. Read More

Am J Clin Oncol 2019 01;42(1):75-81

Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Cumming School of Medicine.

Objectives: To compare the clinical characteristics and outcomes between relapsed and de novo metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Materials And Methods: We reviewed all NSCLC diagnoses between January 1999 and December 2013 in the institutional Glans-Look Lung Cancer Database, which contains demographic, clinical, pathologic, treatment, and outcome information. Patients with distant metastasis at diagnosis (American Joint Committee on Cancer [AJCC] eighth edition, stage IV), the "de novo" cohort, were compared with the "relapsed" cohort, consisting of patients diagnosed with early stage disease (stage I/II) undergoing curative intent treatment and subsequently experiencing metastatic relapse. Read More

Clin Nucl Med 2018 Sep;43(9):697-698

Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.

A 46-year-old woman suffering from lower extremity weakness, dysarthria, dysphagia, dyspnea, and dry mouth was suspected of having Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome based on the characteristic electromyographic abnormalities of right ulnar nerve, which demonstrated reduced resting compound muscle action potential amplitude and greater than 100% incremental change in high-frequency repetitive nerve stimulation. An F-FDG PET/CT was performed to detect the underlying neoplasm and revealed a retroperitoneal soft tissue mass with high F-FDG avidity in the left iliac fossa. The patient's symptoms were prominently relieved after the tumor resection, and the histopathology indicated a small cell carcinoma. Read More

J Immunother Cancer 2018 07 9;6(1):66. Epub 2018 Jul 9.

Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine and Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1475 NW 12th Ave. Suite 3400, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) have shown promising results in many solid tumors. There are limited data on the safety and efficacy of these drugs in HIV infected patients as they have traditionally been excluded from CPIs clinical trials.

Case Presentation: We present a case of an HIV-positive patient with extensive extrapulmonary high-grade small cell carcinoma who was treated with dual CPIs (nivolumab and ipilimumab) with a complete response to therapy and with a manageable safety profile. Read More

Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018 Jul;32(13):1032-1033

The aim of the study was to present a case of small cell carcinoma of external auditory canal and associated facial nerve paralysis. Extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma from the head and neck is rarely described and carries a poor prognosis. To our knowledge, this is the first case report describing small cell carcinoma of the EAC in our nationality. Read More

J Immunother Cancer 2018 05 29;6(1):42. Epub 2018 May 29.

Lahey Hospital & Medical Center, Hematology and Oncology, Burlington, MA, USA.

Background: Extrapulmonary small cell carcinomas (ESCC) are rare but aggressive tumors. Relapses are common despite treatment with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. Prospective data for treatment of ESCC are lacking; treatment of these cancers usually incorporates lung small cell carcinoma treatment recommendations. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018 18;9:170. Epub 2018 Apr 18.

Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai St. Luke's and West Hospital Center, New York, NY, United States.

Objective: Extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma (EPSCC) is rare and frequent metastases at presentation can complicate efforts to identify a site of origin. In particular, SCC comprises <1% of prostate cancers and has been implicated in castration resistance.

Methods: Clinical, laboratory, imaging, and pathology data are presented. Read More

Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2018 11 8;159(5):859-865. Epub 2018 May 8.

1 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.

Objective: The pathogenetic underpinnings of extrapulmonary small cell carcinomas (EPSCCs) of the head and neck are poorly understood. We sought to describe the clinical case and whole-exome DNA sequencing data of a patient with sinonasal Schneiderian carcinoma in situ whose tumor progressed to small cell carcinoma (SCC).

Study Design: Case report and whole-exome sequencing of tumor DNA. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2018 Apr 24;19:482-485. Epub 2018 Apr 24.

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.

BACKGROUND Extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma (SmCC) is a relatively rare clinical entity constituting only 2.5-5% of SmCCs. Recently, evidence has emerged that high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV) might play an etiologic role in oropharyngeal SmCC, similar to squamous cell carcinoma. Read More

Ann Diagn Pathol 2018 Apr 11;33:23-29. Epub 2017 Nov 11.

Šikl's Department of Pathology, Charles University in Prague, The Faculty of Medicine and Faculty Hospital in Pilsen, Czech Republic; Bioptická laboratoř s.r.o., Pilsen, Czech Republic.

Pulmonary small cell carcinoma (SCLC) is usually diagnosed in small biopsy or cytological specimens based on cytomorphology; however in ambiguous cases diagnosis requires additional support by immunohistochemistry. While TP53 and RB1 alterations with secondary overexpression of p16 are mainstay events in SCLC pathogenesis, diagnostic value of p16-positivity in the diagnosis of SCLC has not yet been fully investigated. We examined the expression of p16, CD56, synaptophysin (SYP), chromogranin A and thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF1) in a series of pulmonary and extrapulmonary small cell carcinomas, pulmonary carcinoids and non-small cell lung carcinomas, and compared diagnostic performance of these markers in the diagnosis of SCLC. Read More

J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep 2018 Jan-Dec;6:2324709618760644. Epub 2018 Mar 5.

Department of Hematology/Oncology, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, USA.

Small cell carcinomas (SCCs) are aggressive neoplasms commonly associated with a pulmonary origin. However, albeit rare, extrapulmonary SCC can occur in a variety of sites with an incidence in North America approximated to be 0.1% to 0. Read More

Ann Surg Oncol 2018 May 15;25(5):1254-1261. Epub 2018 Feb 15.

Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.

Background: The prognostic nutritional index (PNI), an immune nutritional marker based on serum albumin levels and total lymphocyte count, predicts postoperative complications in various types of malignancies. However, the clinical significance of the PNI for postoperative complications following lung cancer surgery is uncertain.

Methods: Patients with resected non-small cell lung cancer (n = 515) were retrospectively analyzed and the relationship between the preoperative PNI and postoperative complications was evaluated. Read More

Histopathology 2018 Jul 19;73(1):162-166. Epub 2018 Apr 19.

Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics and Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA.

Aims: Merkel cell carcinoma represents poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma of cutaneous origin. In most studies, the vast majority of Merkel cell carcinomas are Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV)-associated. SV40 polyomavirus immunohistochemistry is typically used in the diagnosis of other polyomavirus-associated diseases, including tubulointerstitial nephritis and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, given cross-reactivity with BK and JC polyomaviruses. Read More

J Gastrointest Cancer 2019 Jun;50(2):244-253

Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.

Objective(s): The objective of this study was to characterize the clinicopathological prognostic factors and treatment patterns for small cell carcinoma (SCC) of the colon, a rare disease without standard treatment guidelines.

Methods: We analyzed clinicopathological and treatment variables for 503 cases of histologically proven SCC colon entered into the National Cancer Database (NCDB) between 2004 and 2013. Survival curves were generated using Kaplan-Meier and compared by the log-rank test. Read More

Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019 02 6;17(3):e15-e16. Epub 2018 Jan 6.

Pathology Department, Sharp Medical Group, San Diego, California.

Pathol Oncol Res 2019 Jul 16;25(3):889-895. Epub 2017 Dec 16.

Department of Pathology, Lenox Hill Hospital-Northwell Health System, New York, NY, USA.

Muscle invasive bladder cancer, an aggressive disease with heterogeneous molecular profiles, has recently been subclassified into three major molecular subtypes -basal, luminal and "p53-like" urothelial carcinomas (UCas), which bear prognostic and therapeutic implication. Similar to breast cancer, basal and luminal subtype UCas are designated by basal (CK5/14) and luminal (CK20) markers. The "p53-like" subtype presents with wild-type p53 gene with upregulated p53 pathways and is implicated in chemoresistance. Read More

Cancer 2018 02 6;124(4):807-815. Epub 2017 Dec 6.

Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.

Background: Extrapulmonary neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) are poorly studied and are managed similar to lung NECs, which may not account for differences between the 2 groups of tumors as well as the heterogeneity within extrapulmonary NEC.

Methods: Data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program between 1973 and 2012 were used to estimate the relative percentages of lung NECs and subgroups of extrapulmonary NECs, epidemiological patterns at these sites, and the median and 5-year overall survival rates.

Results: Of 162,983 NEC cases, 14,732 were extrapulmonary; of these, 5509 were gastrointestinal (37. Read More

J Dent Sci 2017 Dec 17;12(4):413-416. Epub 2012 Nov 17.

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

Small-cell carcinomas at extrapulmonary primary sites are rare but they have been documented to arise at various locations. We report a case of small-cell carcinoma arising in the mandible, which has so far not been reported in the literature. A 37-year-old male patient underwent partial resection of the left mandible and adjuvant chemotherapy. Read More

Ann Am Thorac Soc 2018 01;15(1):76-82

2 Division of General Internal Medicine.

Rationale: Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) and open lobectomy are both standard of care for the treatment of early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) because of equivalent long-term survival.

Objectives: To evaluate whether the improved perioperative outcomes associated with VATS lobectomy are explained by surgeon characteristics, including case volume and specialty training.

Methods: We analyzed the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare-linked registry to identify stage I-II NSCLC in patients above 65 years of age. Read More

Intern Med 2018 Feb 1;57(4):587-590. Epub 2017 Nov 1.

Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.

Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration and Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (PCD-LEMS) are usually associated with small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). PCD-LEMS with extrapulmonary non-SCLC tumors; however, has not been previously reported. A 78-year-old man presented with dysarthria, dysphagia, staggering gait, and lower extremity muscle fatigue. Read More

Ecancermedicalscience 2017 11;11:767. Epub 2017 Sep 11.

Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo - Adress: Dr Arnaldo Av, 251 - Sao Paulo/SP, 01246-000, Brazil.

Background: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and high-grade extrapulmonary neuroendocrine carcinomas (EPNEC) share similar histopathological features and treatment, but outcomes may differ. We evaluated in our study the expression of biomarkers associated with response rate (RR) to chemotherapy and overall survival (OS) for these entities.

Materials And Methods: This is a multicentre retrospective analysis of advanced EPNEC and SCLC patients treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. Read More

Acad Radiol 2017 12 6;24(12):1517-1525. Epub 2017 Sep 6.

Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The 306th Hospital of PLA, No. 9 An-xiang North Road, Chao-yang District, Beijing 100101, China. Electronic address:

Rationale And Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the overall survival (OS) rate, progression survival rate, and local control rate over 10 years of medically inoperable patients with lung cancer undergoing computed tomography (CT)-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA).

Materials And Methods: Between September 2004 to March 2016, 668 neoplasms were treated in 476 medically inoperable patients (294 men, 60 women; median age 74 years; range 29-84) who underwent CT-guided RFA. All patients had clinical or pathologic evidence of the neoplastic lesion: 22. Read More

Case Rep Oncol 2017 May-Aug;10(2):720-725. Epub 2017 Aug 9.

Mercy St Anne Cancer Center, Toledo, Ohio, USA.

Extrapulmonary small-cell neuroendocrine cancers are rare in clinical practice. They are frequently metastatic at the time of diagnosis with survival in months even with the most intensive treatment. So far, treatment recommendations for this group rely on data from the similar but more common small-cell carcinoma of the lungs. Read More

Case Rep Oncol 2017 May-Aug;10(2):489-492. Epub 2017 Jun 9.

Drexel University College of Medicine, Hahnemann University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.

Small cell carcinoma of the urinary tract is an extremely rare disease with very few cases reported in the literature. Its clinical course is aggressive, and the prognosis is poor. Here, we present a case of metastatic extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract in a 74-year-old African-American male. Read More

In Vivo 2017 May-Jun;31(3):451-454

Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Laikon Hospital, Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece.

Background/aim: The treatment of patients with solitary hematogenous metastases from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains controversial, although numerous retrospective studies have reported favorable results for patients offered combined surgical therapy. Our aim was to determine the role of surgical resection in the management of NSCLC with solitary extrapulmonary metastases and to investigate for possible prognostic factors.

Patients And Methods: Between January 2004 and December 2012, 12 patients with NSCLC, from two Institutions, underwent metastasectomy for their solitary metastatic lesion. Read More

Diagn Cytopathol 2017 Mar 23;45(3):195-201. Epub 2017 Jan 23.

Department of Cytology and Gynaecological Pathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.

Objective: Pleural effusion is present in some patients with lung carcinoma. This study was undertaken to evaluate the role of pleural fluid cytology in suspected cases of lung carcinoma.

Methods: In this prospective study, 86 cases of suspected primary lung carcinoma associated with pleural effusion were included. Read More

Balkan Med J 2016 Jul 1;33(4):407-10. Epub 2016 Jul 1.

Department of Medical Oncology, Trakya University School of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey.

Background: Lung cancer is one of the most lethal cancers. It is mainly classified into 2 groups: non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Extrapulmonary small cell carcinomas (EPSCC) are very rare. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2016 Sep;95(36):e4759

Department of Internal Medicine and Research Center for Pulmonary Disorders, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Geumam-dong, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, South Korea.

Background: Primary small cell carcinomas (SCCs) are uncommon in extrapulmonary sites and account for only 2.5% to 5.0% of all SCCs. Read More