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Anticancer Res 2021 Jun;41(6):3023-3027

Department of Pulmonology and Critical Care, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, U.S.A.

Background/aim: Small cell cancer of the esophagus (SCCE) is an extremely rare entity with an aggressive clinical course, thus early diagnosis and treatment are important for improved survival.

Case Report: A 35-year-old male presented with dysphagia, loss of appetite and weight loss. Diagnostic workup revealed an esophageal mass, which was diagnosed as primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) on initial biopsy. Read More

Genes Dev 2021 Jun 20;35(11-12):870-887. Epub 2021 May 20.

Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA.

Small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) is among the most lethal of all solid tumor malignancies. In an effort to identify novel therapeutic approaches for this recalcitrant cancer type, we applied genome-scale CRISPR/Cas9 inactivation screens to cell lines that we derived from a murine model of SCLC. SCLC cells were particularly sensitive to the deletion of NEDD8 and other neddylation pathway genes. Read More

J Cytol 2021 Jan-Mar;38(1):8-13. Epub 2021 Jan 8.

Department of Pathology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.

Context: Subtyping of solitary pulmonary lesion (SPL) in small amount of cytology specimen using a limited panel of immunohistochemistry (IHC) markers is very important to the correct choice of treatment. This study was performed to categorize non-small cell carcinoma-not otherwise specified (NSCC-NOS) on cytology in patients with SPL, especially with regard to the incidence of metastatic cancer.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed 91 cases, in which a precise morphology-based, lineage-specific IHC-aided subtyping was not possible, that qualified as NSCC-NOS on cytology. Read More

Oncology 2021 26;99(6):373-379. Epub 2021 Mar 26.

Institute of Oncology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Introduction: Extrapulmonary small-cell cancer (EPSCC) is a relatively rare malignancy. The management of EPSCC is usually extrapolated from small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). In spite of the morphological similarity of the 2 malignancies, there are many differences in clinical features, prognosis, and recommendations of treatment of these disorders. Read More

Cureus 2021 Jan 17;13(1):e12748. Epub 2021 Jan 17.

Hematology and Medical Oncology, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, USA.

Objectives: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with extrapulmonary neuroendocrine carcinomas (EPNECs) to explore the distribution and overall outcomes by different regimens and their primary sites.

Setting: We reviewed the outcomes of one of the largest data sets of patients with extrapulmonary small cell carcinomas (EPSCCs) identified at Allegheny General Hospital located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.

Participants: Patients diagnosed with grade 3 EPNECs were retrospectively identified. Read More

Medicines (Basel) 2021 Jan 18;8(1). Epub 2021 Jan 18.

Department of Urology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, 450 Clarkson Ave, P.O. Box 79, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA.

Primary small cell carcinoma of the kidney (PSCCK) is exceedingly rare and data on disease characteristics and outcomes are sparse. This study examines a nationally-representative cancer registry to better characterize PSCCK. We queried the National Cancer Database to identify patients with histology-confirmed PSCCK from 2004 to 2015. Read More

Thorac Cancer 2021 02 14;12(3):387-390. Epub 2020 Dec 14.

Lung Cancer and Respiratory Disease Center, Yamanashi Prefectural Central Hospital, Kofu, Japan.

Extensive disease small cell lung cancer (ED-SCLC) is a systemic disease characterized by diffuse metastases and a poor prognosis. Oligometastatic cases in ED-SCLC are rare. This study reports the case of a 72-year-old Japanese male. Read More

Curr Med Res Opin 2021 Jan 23;37(1):71-81. Epub 2020 Nov 23.

Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, P.R. China.

Objective: Few studies have investigated extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma (EPSCC) in a systematic way. This study is to analyze EPSCC in 11 tumor sites from different aspects in the United States (1975-2016).

Methods: In total 4397 patients diagnosed with EPSCC in 11 primary tumor locations were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. Read More

Urol Case Rep 2020 Nov 25;33:101320. Epub 2020 Jun 25.

Division of Urologic Oncology (Fox Chase), Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Small cell carcinoma (SCC) is an aggressive histologic subtype of neuroendocrine tumor and is most commonly of bronchogenic origin. However, it can present in an extrapulmonary fashion. Primary extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma (EPSCC) is a rare disease entity, especially within the genitourinary system and furthermore of the adrenal gland. Read More

Anticancer Res 2020 Oct;40(10):5933-5938

Division of Medical Oncology, Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, U.S.A.

Background/aim: Primary small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (SCNEC) of the adrenal gland is extremely rare with limited reports in the literature. There remain no definitive treatment guidelines, largely due to the rarity of the malignancy.

Case Report: We present the case of a 62-year-old Caucasian male who presented with low back pain and was found to have a large retroperitoneal mass arising from the left adrenal gland, measuring 18. Read More

J Int Med Res 2020 Aug;48(8):300060520946517

Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China.

Extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma (EPSCC) affecting the external auditory canal (EAC) is uncommon. We herein report a case involving a 56-year-old man with EPSCC of the EAC who had a 48-year history of recurrent purulent discharge in both ears and a 20-day history of right ear pain and hemorrhage followed by incomplete right eyelid closure and an askew mouth. He underwent surgical removal of middle ear granulation tissue, residual ossicles, and a right EAC mass. Read More

Cureus 2020 Jul 22;12(7):e9340. Epub 2020 Jul 22.

Hematology / Oncology, Bassett Medical Center, Cooperstown, USA.

We report a case of metastatic small cell carcinoma presenting as a rectal mass in an 80-year-old male with a history of change in bowel movement and rectal pain for six months. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen and pelvis was done, which showed a large rectal mass with many liver metastases. He had a diagnostic colonoscopy, which showed a large obstructing rectal mass, and the biopsy result came back as small cell carcinoma. Read More

Urol Case Rep 2020 Nov 7;33:101338. Epub 2020 Jul 7.

Medical pratitioner at CHU Mohammed 6 Oujda, Department of Urology, Morocco.

Small cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract is very rare. Their aggressiveness and their poor prognosis make it grave. We report the management of a patient who consulted in the emergency room for low back pain and to whom the radiological and endoscopic assessments found a tumor of the upper urinary tract with lung, liver, bone and adrenal damage. Read More

Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 2020 Aug;47(8):1205-1208

Dept. of Medical Oncology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center, Komagome Hospital.

Standard regimens for extrapulmonary neuroendocrine carcinomas(EPNEC)are not established. Treatment used for small cell lung cancer is also used for EPNECs. Amrubicin(AMR) monotherapy is used as salvage therapy for small cell lung cancer, but its efficacy in EPNEC is not clear. Read More

Cureus 2020 Jun 27;12(6):e8862. Epub 2020 Jun 27.

Hematology and Medical Oncology, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, USA.

Small cell carcinoma is a type of highly aggressive poorly differentiated neuroendocrine tumor that can arise from multiple organs, including but not limited to bronchial tissue, pancreas, gastrointestinal tract, and genitourinary system. The most commonly studied type is small cell lung cancer (SCLC) which carries the worst prognosis among lung cancers. After multiple promising clinical trials, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network has recently added atezolizumab and durvalumab in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy/etoposide to the first-line treatment regimen for extensive-stage SCLC (ES-SCLC). Read More

Gynecol Oncol 2020 09 11;158(3):570-575. Epub 2020 Jun 11.

Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States. Electronic address:

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab in women with recurrent small cell neuroendocrine tumors of the lower genital tract.

Methods: We conducted an open-label, investigator-initiated phase II basket trial of pembrolizumab 200 mg intravenously every 3 weeks in patients with rare tumors (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02721732). Read More

Endocr Relat Cancer 2020 07;27(7):R219-R238

Department of Gastroenterology and Medical Oncology, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.

Patients with extrapulmonary poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (EP-PD-NECs) have a poor prognosis. Surgery is offered for those with localised disease, but the majority of patients present with advanced disease. Treatment strategies adopted are analogous to that of high grade NECs of the lung, with platinum/etoposide-based regimens advocated in the first-line setting for advanced disease. Read More

Eur J Surg Oncol 2020 09 19;46(9):1596-1604. Epub 2020 Apr 19.

Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Louisville Hospital, Louisville, KY, USA.

Background: Extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma is a rare malignancy with scarce data. Treatment paradigms extrapolate from pulmonary small cell carcinoma and single institution studies. We analyzed the epidemiology, patterns of care, prognostic factors, and overall survival (OS) of EPSCC patients. Read More

Ann Ital Chir 2020 ;91:65-68

Neuroendocrine carcinoma cases, more frequent in the GI tract, have rarely been reported in extrapulmonary areas. Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the bladder is one of the malignancies with a poor prognosis, which is expected to cause rapid metastases. In addition, neuroendocrine carcinoma of the bladder constitutes < 1% of all bladder carcinomas. Read More

Cureus 2019 Dec 28;11(12):e6488. Epub 2019 Dec 28.

Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA.

Extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma (EPSCC) of the breast is a very rare tumor. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) production from these tumors is extremely rare and seldom reported resulting in significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges and delays. We present a case of a 38-year-old female who presented with a breast lump and was diagnosed with primary EPSCC of the breast. Read More

Z Gastroenterol 2020 Feb 2;58(2):133-136. Epub 2020 Jan 2.

Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany.

High-grade neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) comprise a rare entity. Due to the lack of randomized controlled trials, therapy recommendations were mainly extrapolated from its pulmonary analogue, small cell lung cancer and mostly validated in small retrospective case series. The multicentric Nordic NEC Study of gastro-entero-pancreatic (GEP) and cancer of unknown primary (CUP) high-grade neuroendocrine neoplasms showed a significant disease control upon treatment with etoposide and platinum-based chemotherapies 1. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Dec 29;12(12). Epub 2019 Dec 29.

Internal Medicne, SAUSHEC, Fort Sam Houston, Texas, USA.

Small cell carcinoma (SCC) of the bladder is a rare malignancy, representing less than 1% of bladder cancers diagnosed annually in the USA. In contrast to SCC of the lung, paraneoplastic syndromes are rarely documented in cases of extrapulmonary SCCs, particularly those of genitourinary origin. We present a case of SCC of the bladder presenting with paraneoplastic syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone, which resolved after treatment with sequential chemoradiation. Read More

J Gastrointest Surg 2020 06 17;24(6):1441-1443. Epub 2019 Dec 17.

Department of Surgery, North Florida/South Georgia Veterans Health System and the University of Florida College of Medicine, PO Box 100109, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.

Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi 2019 Nov;22(11):687-695

Department of General Medicine, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing 101149, China.

Background: In recent years, a number of clinical trials have shown that immunocheckpoint inhibitors (ICI) have brought survival benefits to patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), however, such clinical trials comprise cohorts selected based on strict and complex entry and exclusion criteria, and the results cannot fully reflect the real world situation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of immunotherapy in the real world, as well as possible prognostic factors.

Methods: Patients with advanced NSCLC receiving immunotherapy in Beijing Chest Hospital from January 2017 to July 2019 were retrospectively collected, and the following information were collected: curative effect, progression-free surival (PFS) and adverse reactions. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Nov;98(48):e18251

Department of Pulmonology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine.

Rationale: Small cell carcinoma (SCC) occurs mostly in the lung, and small cell lung cancer accounts for 13% of newly diagnosed lung cancers. Only 2.5% of SCC occurs in extrapulmonary sites, and SCC of pleural origin is especially very uncommon. Read More

Ann Thorac Surg 2020 01 22;109(1):255-261. Epub 2019 Aug 22.

Department of Medical Oncology, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan.

Background: To predict pathological response and survival in T3/T4 non-small cell lung cancer after induction chemoradiotherapy by assessing fluorodeoxyglucose uptake with positron emission tomography.

Methods: In this retrospective observational study, standard uptake values of whole tumors and extrapulmonary involvement sites were measured after induction chemoradiotherapy. The values were then compared with pathological responses and recurrence-free survival. Read More

Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2019 Nov 4;128(11):1006-1012. Epub 2019 Jun 4.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.

Objectives: Small cell carcinomas in extrapulmonary sites (ESmCCs) are very rare. ESmCCs originating in the head and neck account for approximately 10% of all ESmCCs, and there are few reports about this disease. ESmCCs have an aggressive natural history characterized by widespread metastasis. Read More

Med Clin (Barc) 2019 08 29;153(3):115-121. Epub 2019 May 29.

Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, España.

Bronchogenic carcinoma is the leading cause of death due to cancer worldwide. Nearly 75% of patients have a disseminated carcinoma at diagnosis. Up to 50% of patients with a localized disease will develop metastasis. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 May;98(19):e15614

Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital Gumi, Gumi, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea.

Rationale: Primary extrapulmonary small-cell carcinoma (SCC) of appendix is reported very rarely. We report herein a case of mixed SCC and adenocarcinoma of appendix.

Patient's Concern: A 70-year-old female was consulted to our Emergency Department with the right lower abdominal pain and low-grade fever for 2 days. Read More

J Radiat Res 2019 Jul;60(4):509-516

Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Research Hospital East, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan.

Small cell carcinoma of the bladder is extremely rare, accounting for <1% of all malignant tumours in the urinary tract. Thus, no standard therapy modality for this malignancy has been established. This study aimed to retrospectively analyse the clinical outcomes associated with definitive radiotherapy for small cell carcinoma of the bladder. Read More