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Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2019 Mar 19. Epub 2019 Mar 19.

Laboratory of Arthroscopic and Surgical Anatomy, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (Human Anatomy Unit), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

Purpose: Tendon grafts are often utilized for reconstruction of the lateral ligaments unamenable to primary repair. However, tendon and ligaments have different biological roles. The anterior tibiofibular ligament's (ATiFL) distal fascicle may be resected without compromising the stability of the ankle joint. Read More

J Pediatr Orthop 2019 Apr;39(4):163-168

Division of Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH.

Background: Extensor pollicis longus (EPL) tendon injury following the dorsal approach to elastic stable intramedullary nailing (ESIN) of the radius has been reported in a growing number of cases in the literature. This study includes 5 new cases from our institution as well as a comprehensive review of previously reported cases from the literature.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of all patients undergoing ESIN between January 1, 2004 and December 31, 2013 at our institution. Read More

J Orthop Surg Res 2019 Feb 26;14(1):65. Epub 2019 Feb 26.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of scar overlapping suture for treating chronic tendinous mallet finger deformity in children.

Methods: Six patients younger than 18 years were investigated retrospectively. The active extensor lags of the distal interphalangeal joint (DIPJ) were all more than 40°, and the passive ranges of DIPJ motion were normal. Read More

J Hand Surg Asian Pac Vol 2019 Mar;24(1):100-104

1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York, NY, USA.

Combined simultaneous radial wrist extensor injuries, namely ipsilateral extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL) and brevis (ECRB) avulsion fractures, are rare. While non-operative management with cast immobilization has been described, most recommend operative intervention in the acute setting. Surgical repair of chronic injuries, however, has received little attention in the literature. Read More

Tech Hand Up Extrem Surg 2019 Feb 5. Epub 2019 Feb 5.

Dumfries and Galloway Royal Infirmary, Dumfries, Scotland, UK.

The structures on the radial side of the wrist and thumb base can be approached by a longitudinal incision on the radial side of the wrist. However, longer longitudinal scars can be cosmetically unacceptable and can result in a scar contracture. It is preferable to curve longer incisions along the Langer's skin lines to achieve better scar characteristics. Read More

J Hand Surg Am 2019 Jan 16. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors that influence the prognosis for patients with sagittal band injuries who were treated nonsurgically.

Methods: A total of 94 patients who had been diagnosed with traumatic sagittal band injury and initially treated with 7 weeks of metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint extension orthosis wear (5 weeks of full-time followed by 2 weeks of part-time use) were studied. The response to treatment, including finger range of motion (ROM), extensor tendon instability, grip strength, and functional outcome measured as Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (QuickDASH) score were assessed at 24-week follow-up. Read More

J Orthop Case Rep 2018 May-Jun;8(3):18-22

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NYU Langone Medical Center, Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York, USA.

Introduction: Isolated tibial tubercle fractures or patellar tendon ruptures are common injuries in adolescents. However, combined tubercle fractures with patellar tendon ruptures are rare, and hence, there are no definitive methods of surgical fixation or post-operative protocols.

Case Report: A 13-year-old healthy girl sustained an extensor mechanism injury after the left knee hyperflexion during a fall from skateboarding. Read More

J Foot Ankle Surg 2019 Jan;58(1):165-170

Faculty, Division of Foot & Ankle Surgery, West Penn Hospital, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA. Electronic address:

Posterior tibial tendon dysfunction (PTTD) is a progressive disorder secondary to advanced degeneration of the posterior tibial tendon, leading to the abduction of the forefoot, valgus rotation of the hindfoot, and collapse of the medial longitudinal arch. Eventually, the disease becomes so advanced that it begins to affect the deltoid ligament over time. This attenuation and eventual tear of the deltoid ligament leads to valgus deformity of the ankle. Read More

J Foot Ankle Surg 2019 Mar 13;58(2):213-220. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Medical Writer, Scriptum Medica, University Place, WA. Electronic address:

Rupture of the tibialis anterior tendon is a rare condition reported to occur most often spontaneously in patients >45 years of age. Diagnosis is often delayed due to transient pain at the time of rupture and the ability of the long extensors to compensate for the lost action of the tibialis anterior. Treatment has been proposed to be based on the activity level of the individual; however, no consensus has been reached on the optimal treatment modality for this rare condition. Read More

Injury 2018 Dec 22;49(12):2248-2251. Epub 2018 Oct 22.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya Ekisaikai Hospital, 4-66 Shonen-Cho, Nakagawa-Ku, Nagoya, 454-8502, Japan.

Introduction: Flexor tendon injury often occurs with concomitant injuries such as fracture, vascular injury, and extensor tendon injury. These injuries are repaired independently, without a comprehensive strategy. We aimed to identify the effect of concomitant injuries and treatment choice on the outcome of flexor tendon repair. Read More

BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2018 Dec 3;19(1):432. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Orthopedic Sports Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.

Background: Elbow dislocation represents a common injury, especially in the younger population. If treated surgically, the reattached tendons require a high amount of primary stability to allow for an early rehabilitation to avoid postoperative stiffness. The purpose of this study was to assess the biomechanical properties of a single and a double row technique for reattachment of the common extensor and common flexor muscles origin. Read More

J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2019 Mar 26;28(3):503-509. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.

Background: Lateral epicondylitis is a tendinopathy of the common extensor origin at the elbow. When traditional conservative treatment fails, more effective therapies are needed. Vergenix Soft Tissue Repair (STR) Matrix (CollPlant Ltd. Read More

J Orthop Surg Res 2018 Nov 27;13(1):301. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 37 Yiyuan street, Harbin, Nangang District, China.

Background: The objective of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of acidic fibroblast growth factor delivered in collagen (aFGF/collagen) for promoting tendon-bone interface healing after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in rabbits.

Methods: ACL reconstructions were performed in the right hind limbs of New Zealand rabbits. Each left long digital extensor tendon was harvested as an autograft, and collagen incorporating different concentrations of aFGF or same amount of collagen alone was applied at the tendon-bone interface after ACL reconstruction. Read More

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2018 Nov 23. Epub 2018 Nov 23.

Perth Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Centre, West Perth, Western Australia, 6005, Australia.

Purpose: To report outcomes following proximal hamstring reconstruction employing an ipsilateral distal hamstring tendon autograft, in patients with chronic proximal ruptures.

Methods: Six patients presenting with a chronic proximal hamstring avulsion and a medial time from injury of 11.0 months (range 7-18), confirmed via magnetic resonance imaging, underwent proximal hamstring repair using a free graft harvested from the ipsilateral distal hamstrings. Read More

Hand Clin 2019 Feb;35(1):59-66

W Institute for Hand & Reconstructive Microsurgery, W General Hospital, 1632 Dalgubeol-daero, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu 42642, Korea.

Wide-awake local anesthesia no tourniquet (WALANT) is a promising development for surgeons and patients through improved operation outcomes in hand and wrist surgery. The authors have mostly used WALANT for flexor and extensor tendon repair, tenolysis, and tendon transfer. Its application at W Hospital in korea has bolstered surgeon confidence in tendon repair integrity, gliding ability, and transfer tension via direct observation and patient feedback. Read More

Clin Orthop Relat Res 2019 Mar;477(3):584-593

C. A. Cipriano, D. J. McDonald , Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA J. Dalton , School of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.

Background: A rotational gastrocnemius flap is often used for soft tissue reconstruction after proximal tibia sarcoma resection. However, little is known about the frequency and severity of complications and the recovery of extensor function after this procedure.

Questions/purposes: After gastrocnemius flap reconstruction with split-thickness skin grafting (STSG) to augment the extensor mechanism repair after proximal tibial resection for sarcoma, we asked: (1) What ROM was achieved (including extensor lag and active flexion)? (2) How often did complications and reoperations occur and what caused them?

Methods: Between 1991 and 2014, one surgeon treated 26 patients with proximal tibial resections for primary bone sarcoma. Read More

J Hand Surg Asian Pac Vol 2018 Dec;23(4):463-468

† School of Biochemistry, Swansea University, Swansea, UK.

Background: Flexor tendon injuries are extremely common and they are usually the result of incised traumatic glass or knife injury. The process of tendon healing is a complicated and exceptionally-regimented mechanism that is originated and monitored by a vast number of diverse molecules. One of the most pivotal groups of mediators that are crucial to the healing process are growth factors (GF). Read More

J Hand Surg Am 2018 Oct 30. Epub 2018 Oct 30.

Department of Orthopedics, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.

Ruptures of the extensor pollicis longus (EPL) tendon are known to occur primarily from local mechanical causes at Lister's tubercle. Other reasons for ruptures have been proposed including local steroid or even distant steroid injections that might have weakened the tendon, leading to rupture. There have been rare cases in the literature that describe ruptures without any known causes. Read More

J Hand Surg Am 2018 Oct 18. Epub 2018 Oct 18.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN. Electronic address:

Purpose: Distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) prostheses designed as semiconstrained devices aiming to replace the function of the ulnar head, sigmoid notch of the radius, and triangular fibrocartilage complex have demonstrated the capacity to restore the functional status of the DRUJ. However, soft tissue complications including tendons, nerves, and wounds, although documented, have not been the primary focus of prior reports. This study investigated short- to medium-term soft tissue complications after DRUJ semiconstrained implant arthroplasty. Read More

Case Rep Orthop 2018 17;2018:6107287. Epub 2018 Sep 17.

Clinique du Sport de Bordeaux-Mérignac, 33700 Mérignac, France.

Chronic rupture of the patellar tendon is a severe injury that leads to dramatic functional consequences including lack of extension and walking difficulty. Surgery is the gold standard to treat this type of injury, but revision reconstructions are problematic because an ipsilateral graft was often harvested for the initial surgery. Because fibrotic tissues on the patellar tendon need to be debrided, another graft must be added to reinforce the tendon. Read More

Oper Orthop Traumatol 2018 Oct 9. Epub 2018 Oct 9.

Orthopädie Chirurgie Würzburg, Oeggstraße 3, 97070, Würzburg, Germany.

Objective: Restore the function of the tibialis anterior muscle, which is responsible for dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot.

Indications: Spontaneous or traumatic rupture of the tibialis anterior tendon.

Contraindications: Patients with multimorbidity or lack of functional demands. Read More

Z Orthop Unfall 2018 Oct 5;156(5):593-607. Epub 2018 Oct 5.

Ruptures of the extensor mechanism of the knee joint are rare but disabling injuries. Injuries occur on the basis of degeneration or acute trauma. The understanding of anatomy and biomechanical function plays an essential role for choosing the right diagnostic methods and initiating successful treatment. Read More

J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2018 Oct 8;71(10):1440-1445. Epub 2018 Jun 8.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya Ekisaikai Hospital, 4-66 Shonen-Cho, Nakagawa-Ku, Nagoya city, Aichi prefecture, 454-8502, Japan.

Central slip tears often occur with concomitant hand injuries. However, the outcome of a central slip tear and the effect of concomitant injuries are rarely reported. We evaluated 67 fingers in 63 patients with central slip tears who underwent primary surgery in our hospital between April 2009 and June 2017. Read More

Tech Hand Up Extrem Surg 2018 Dec;22(4):150-155

Florida Orthopaedic Institute, Hand and Upper Extremity Service, Tampa, FL.

Multiple reconstruction techniques have been described for correction of boutonniere deformities including direct repair, central slip reconstruction, lateral band reconstruction, transverse retinacular ligament reconstruction, staged reconstruction, and extensor tenotomy. Each technique has been reported to have variable results with complications including capsular contracture, loss of proximal interphalangeal flexion, and residual deformity. We describe a surgical technique for central slip reconstruction using a slip of the flexor digitorum superficialis tendon through a bone tunnel. Read More

J Orthop Case Rep 2018 Mar-Apr;8(2):57-60

Department of Orthopaedics, AIIMS, New Delhi, India.

Introduction: The disruption of extensor mechanism during or after total knee arthroplasty is a rare but disabling complication for the patients. The results of various methods of managing patellar ligament rupture are not predictable and favorable.

Case Report: We report a case of patellar ligament rupture which occurred 6 months after the primary total knee replacement. Read More

J Neurophysiol 2018 Nov 22;120(5):2484-2497. Epub 2018 Aug 22.

Atlantic Mobility Action Project, Brain Repair Center, Department of Medical Neuroscience, Dalhousie University , Halifax, Nova Scotia , Canada.

Terrestrial animals increase their walking speed by increasing the activity of the extensor muscles. However, the mechanism underlying how this speed-dependent amplitude modulation is achieved remains obscure. Previous studies have shown that group Ib afferent feedback from Golgi tendon organs that signal force is one of the major regulators of the strength of muscle activity during walking in cats and humans. Read More

Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol 2018 Dec 19;28(8):1543-1547. Epub 2018 Jun 19.

Stanford University Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford, USA.

Background: In distal radius fracture repair, complications often lead to reoperation and increased cost. We examined the trends and complications in open reduction internal fixation of distal radius fractures across hand specialist and non-hand specialist surgeons.

Methods: We examined claims data from the Humana administrative claims database between 2007 and 2016. Read More

J Bone Joint Surg Am 2018 Jun;100(12):e83

Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany.

Background: Displaced transverse patellar fractures require open reduction and internal fixation. State-of-the-art stabilization techniques are tension band wiring (TBW) using Kirschner wires or cannulated screws. These techniques are associated with high rates of secondary fracture displacement, implant migration, implant prominence, wound-healing disturbances, and the need for implant removal. Read More

Tech Hand Up Extrem Surg 2018 Sep;22(3):104-109

Institute of Orthopedics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart of Rome, Roma, Italy.

Objectives: The aim of our study was to assess the results of antegrade percutaneous intramedullary Kirschner wire (K-wire) fixation, for the treatment of unstable displaced metacarpal fractures in a large number of cases, in order to support the usage of this mini-invasive technique in the largest variety of fractures as possible.

Material And Methods: Every patient meeting the inclusion criteria was treated with closed reduction and antegrade intramedullary fixation with 1 or 2 K-wire from January 2013. A total of 150 patients with 165 metacarpal fractures were evaluated until February 2016. Read More

Trauma Case Rep 2018 Jun 26;15:1-3. Epub 2018 Apr 26.

Department of Paediatric Hand Surgery, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom.

Delayed rupture of the extensor and flexor tendons are recognised complications of distal radius fractures. However, acute flexor tendon rupture in the context of forearm fractures is rare. A twelve-year-old female sustained midshaft fractures of the radius and ulna. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Jun;97(22):e10752

People's First Hospital of Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu, China.

Rationale: Dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint and injury to distal forearm are commonly encountered. However, delayed diagnosis or misdiagnosis has been relatively rare due to improved diagnosis and treatment. Treatment of old dislocation of radioulnar joint is challenging due to development of secondary chronic instability and difficulties in restoration of joint function. Read More

Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2017 Aug;31(10):1245-1249

Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi Guizhou, 563000, P.R.China.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of anterolateral thigh polyfoliate perforator flap plus pedicle with one foliate flap for repairing extremities soft tissue defect.

Methods: Between January 2014 and January 2017, 24 patients with extremities soft tissue defects were treated by anterolateral thigh polyfoliate perforator flap plus pedicle with one foliate flap. There were 15 males and 9 females, with a median age of 33. Read More

Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2017 Nov;31(11):1287-1290

Department of Orthopedics, the 454th Hospital of Chinese PLA, Nanjing Jiangsu, 210001,

Objective: To evaluate the short-term effectiveness of Kirschner wire (K-wire) elastic fixation in the treatment of Doyle type Ⅰ and Ⅱ mallet finger.

Methods: Between July 2016 and March 2017, 18 patients with Doyle type Ⅰ and Ⅱ mallet finger were treated. There were 12 males and 6 males, with an average age of 45 years (range, 16-61 years). Read More

Int J Burns Trauma 2018 5;8(2):34-39. Epub 2018 Apr 5.

Department of Orthopaedics, Southern Medical University, Guangdong No.2 Province People's Hospital Guangdong, China.

Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of treating mallet finger deformity using a modified palmaris longus tendon graft through a bone tunnel.

Methods: Altogether, 21 patients with mallet finger deformity (16 men, 5 women; average age 31 years, range 19-47 years) were treated with a modified palmaris longus tendon graft through a bone tunnel during 18 months (2014-2016). Four index fingers, seven middle fingers, eight ring fingers, and two little fingers were treated for four cutting injuries, eleven finger sprains, four crush injuries, and two twist injuries (7 open and 14 closed injuries). Read More

Surg Radiol Anat 2018 Sep 5;40(9):979-988. Epub 2018 Apr 5.

Department of Anatomy, Health Sciences Institute, Vocational School of Health Science, Karadeniz Technical University, 61040, Trabzon, Turkey.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine morphometry and morphology of intertendinous connection on fetal cadavers and perform an evidence on tendon relationships.

Methods: Thirty dorsal fetal cadaveric hands were dissected. Morphometric measurements (length, width, beginning-ending angles and areas) of intertendinous connections were performed. Read More

Hand Ther 2018 Mar 12;23(1):3-18. Epub 2017 Sep 12.

Health and Rehabilitation Research Institute, School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.

Introduction: Early mobilisation protocols after repair of extensor tendons in zone V and VI provide better outcomes than immobilisation protocols. This systematic review investigated different early active mobilisation protocols used after extensor tendon repair in zone V and VI. The purpose was to determine whether any one early active mobilisation protocol provides superior results. Read More

Pan Afr Med J 2017 18;28:152. Epub 2017 Oct 18.

Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique et de Traumatologie, Centre Hospitalier de Beauvais, France.

We report the case of a 36-year old female patient injured in a fall from a horse. Radiological assessment showed closed comminuted fracture of the lower extremity of the left radius with extensive displacement (A & B). Initial management was based on open osteosynthesis with screwed anterior plate and nails (C) followed by functional rehabilitation. Read More

Ann Plast Surg 2018 Aug;81(2):176-177

From the Orthopaedic Department, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.

Extensor tendon injuries are classified as per the zone of injury. Zone 1 injuries disrupt the lateral bands with resultant inability to extend the distal interphalangeal joint. Open Zone 1 injuries have many well-described treatment options. Read More

Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ) 2018 Jan;47(1)

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY.

Quadriceps tendon ruptures disrupt the extensor mechanism of the knee and require urgent surgical management. Traditional repair techniques have had mixed biomechanical and clinical results risking weakness and extensor lag. We describe a novel technique using tape suture and knotless anchors, which has performed superiorly during biomechanical testing and yielded terrific early clinical results. Read More

Zhongguo Gu Shang 2017 Jun;30(6):538-544

Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100853, China;

Objective: To explore highly agglutinative staphylococcin (HAS) pomoting on tendon-bone healing after reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) in rabbits.

Methods: Animal model of ACL reconstruction in 24 mature New Zealand white rabbits(3 months, 2.56 kg on average, either gender) were established using autologous digital long extensor tendon and randomly classified into 2 groups(HAS and control group), 12 rabbits for each group. Read More

Case Rep Orthop 2017 20;2017:7201312. Epub 2017 Dec 20.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 10-22 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan.

A 45-year-old man presented with painless subcutaneous masses bilaterally on his hands and loss of motion or contracture of the fingers. Initially, drug therapy to reduce the serum uric acid was administered and was expected to reduce the tophi. However, during observation at the clinic, spontaneous rupture of an extensor tendon occurred, and surgical repair of the tendon and resection of the masses were performed. Read More

J Hand Surg Am 2018 02;43(2):192.e1-192.e6

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC.

Pseudo-boutonniere deformity is an uncommon complication from long-standing proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint contracture in Dupuytren disease. Prolonged flexion contracture of the PIP joint can lead to central slip attenuation and resultant imbalances in the extensor mechanism. We present a technique of flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) tendon transfer to the lateral bands to correct pseudo-boutonniere deformity at the time of palmar fasciectomy for the treatment of Dupuytren disease. Read More

Foot Ankle Surg 2017 Dec 6. Epub 2017 Dec 6.

Foot and Ankle Unit, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile. Electronic address:

Background: Extensor hallucis longus (EHL) tendon injuries often occur in the setting of lacerations to the dorsum of the foot. End-to-end repair is advocated in acute lacerations, or in chronic cases when the tendon edges are suitable for tension free repair. Reconstruction with allograft or autograft is advocated for cases not amenable to a primary direct repair. Read More

Knee 2018 Jan;25(1):192-194

Bone and Joint Institute, Sunshine Hospital, Penderghast Road, Hyderabad, India.

Background: Extensor mechanism disruption following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a rare complication and results in significant morbidity and severe functional limitations. Quadriceps tendon rupture in the early postoperative period after TKA is one limitation about which there is a significant paucity of available information.

Methods: In this retrospective study of 2404 patients who underwent primary TKA between June 2015 to May 2016, there were 10 quadriceps tendon ruptures in seven patients (three bilateral, four unilateral) presented within 3 months after surgery. Read More

J Hand Surg Am 2018 Jul 1;43(7):681.e1-681.e5. Epub 2018 Feb 1.

Department of Hand Surgery and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Electronic address:

Purpose: It is a common belief that extension of the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint of the finger is achieved via the sagittal bands acting as a sling or lasso to attach the extensor tendon to the base of the proximal phalanx. The aim of this study was to test the hypotheses that (1) division of the sagittal bands reduces extension force or torque of the MCP joint, and (2) division of the extensor tendon distal to the sagittal band will not affect the extension force or torque of the MCP joint.

Methods: Ten cadaver limbs were secured to a jig to allow for testing of the extension force of the MCP joints of the index, middle, and ring fingers. Read More

Arthrosc Tech 2017 Oct 11;6(5):e1541-e1545. Epub 2017 Sep 11.

Southwest Orthopaedic Surgery Specialists, Tucson, Arizona, U.S.A.

Repair of a torn quadriceps tendon is necessary to restore the extensor mechanism of the knee. Traditional repair involves transosseous sutures tied over bone bridges on the inferior pole of the patella. Suture anchor repair has been shown to be stronger than transosseous repair and facilitates a smaller incision. Read More

Arthrosc Tech 2017 Dec 27;6(6):e2271-e2276. Epub 2017 Nov 27.

Clínica do Dragão, Espregueira-Mendes Sports Centre-FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Porto, Portugal.

Patellar tendon ruptures can lead to significant functional deficiency of the extensor mechanism of the knee. These injuries, because of their inherent nature and associated complications, may require a complex treatment and remains a challenge for orthopaedic surgeons. Current surgical techniques present significant complications, including patellar fracture, damage to patellar articular cartilage, and abnormal patella height. Read More

Arthrosc Tech 2017 Dec 13;6(6):e2177-e2181. Epub 2017 Nov 13.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine Center, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota, U.S.A.

Patellar tendon ruptures are rare but potentially devastating injuries. Acute repair after patellar tendon rupture affords the best opportunity for tension-free restoration of the extensor mechanism. Biological augmentation of primary repair is believed to decrease strain across the repair site and reduce the risk of rerupture. Read More

Arthrosc Tech 2017 Dec 6;6(6):e2071-e2077. Epub 2017 Nov 6.

The Steadman Clinic, Vail, Colorado, U.S.A.

Quadriceps tendinopathy in an increasingly recognized diagnosis can lead to quadriceps tendon rupture, especially in the older population. It can be caused by repeated micro trauma or also predisposed by systemic diseases such as diabetes mellitus and connective tissue disorders that can in turn lead to extensor mechanism deficits. Although a trial of conservative treatment is advocated, operative treatment should be performed in cases of persistent pain, extension deficit, or complete rupture of the tendon. Read More