Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

Sportverletz Sportschaden 2018 Dec 11;32(4):243-250. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Muscle Research Center Erlangen, Interdisciplinary Center for Muscle Research, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany.

Delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is a type of ultrastructural muscle injury. The manifestation of DOMS is caused by eccentric or unfamiliar forms of exercise. Clinical signs include reduced force capacities, increased painful restriction of movement, stiffness, swelling, and dysfunction of adjacent joints. Read More

Sportverletz Sportschaden 2018 Dec 11;32(4):233-242. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

SozialStiftung Bamberg, Sports Orthopedics, Bamberg.

Ski mountaineering (skimo) has recently gained popularity and established itself as a competition sport. It requires a specific training with a high hypoxic load. Although a variety of sport specific performance test protocols have been developed, a specific method for ski mountaineering (skimo) is pending. Read More

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2018 Dec 11;46(5-6):358-370. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Physical Therapy and Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.

Background: Tai Chi (TC) is a Chinese mind-body exercise with proven physical and psychological benefits. A modified TC via virtual reality (VR) may be suitable for the elderly owing to the immediate guidance and feedback regarding movement accuracy. This study explored the cognitive and physical effects of a VR-based TC (VRTC) exercise program on older adults with cognitive impairment (CI). Read More

Eur Surg Res 2018 Dec 11;59(5-6):349-360. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Background: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols are multimodal perioperative care pathways designed to achieve early recovery after surgical procedures by maintaining preoperative organ function and reducing profound stress responses following surgery [Wilmore and Kehlet: BMJ 2001; 322(7284): 473-6]. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAgs), such as liraglutide, have recently been widely used as antidiabetic agents in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) because they maintain blood glucose at an ideal level throughout the day, including during postprandial periods, thereby improving hypoglycemia and body weight more than insulin therapies. Additionally, the administration of liraglutide may exert cardiovascular, renal, and cerebral protective effects in T2D patients. Read More

Obes Facts 2018 Dec 11;11(6):475-490. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig,

Background/aims: Altered expression and circulating levels of glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPX3) have been observed in obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) across species. Here, we investigate whether GPX3 serum concentrations and adipose tissue (AT) GPX3 mRNA expression are related to obesity and weight loss.

Methods: GPX3 serum concentration was measured in 630 individuals, including a subgroup (n = 293) for which omental and subcutaneous (SC) GPX3 mRNA expression has been analyzed. Read More

Exp Physiol 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Kinesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA.

Background People with prediabetes have elevated risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in part due to low insulin sensitivity mediated arterial stiffness. However, the effect of short-term exercise training intensity, and/or amount (i.e. Read More

Milbank Q 2018 Dec;96(4):675-705

Friends of Parkside.

Policy Points Engaging and involving underrepresented communities when setting research priorities could make the scientific research agenda more equitable, more just, and more responsive to their needs and values. Groups and individuals from minority and underserved communities strongly prioritized child health and mental health research, often choosing to invest at the highest possible level. Groups consisting of predominantly Native American or Arab American participants invested in culture and beliefs research at the highest level, while many groups did not select it at all. Read More

Am J Hum Biol 2018 Dec 10:e23199. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.

Objectives: Physical activity is beneficial for metabolic health but the extent to which this may differ by ethnicity is still unclear. Here, the objective was to characterize the association between physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) and cardiometabolic risk among the Luo, Kamba, and Maasai ethnic groups of rural Kenya.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study of 1084 rural Kenyans, free-living PAEE was objectively measured using individually-calibrated heart rate and movement sensing. Read More

Clin Cardiol 2018 Dec 9. Epub 2018 Dec 9.

Institute of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umea University, Umea, Sweden.

Background: Electromechanical (EM) coupling heterogeneity is significant in long QT syndrome (LQTS), particularly in symptomatic patients; EM window (EMW) has been proposed as an indicator of interaction and a better predictor of arrhythmia than QTc.

Aim: To investigate the dynamic response of EMW to exercise in LQTS and its predictive value of arrhythmia.

Methods: Forty-seven LQTS carriers (45±15 years, 20 with arrhythmic events) and 35 controls underwent exercise echocardiogram. Read More

J Cell Physiol 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Postgraduation Program in Movement Sciences, Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil.

Purpose: Interleukin 10 (IL-10) is a cytokine that plays a critical role with potent anti-inflammatory properties when produced during exercise, limiting host immune response to pathogens and preventing tissue damage. The purpose of this systematic review was to assess the response of IL-10 after acute exercise session in healthy adults.

Methods: Databases of Ovid Medline (1978-2016), CINAHL (1998-2016), EMBASE (2003-2016), SportDiscus (1990-2016), and Web of Science library (1990-2016) were carefully screened. Read More

Clin Transplant 2018 Dec 11:e13461. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Loyola University Medical Center, Department of Cardiology.

Background: Current guidelines recommend against the use of hearts from donors that abuse alcohol. We explored the effect of donor alcohol abuse (AA) on cardiac allograft function and outcomes in heart transplant (HTx) recipients.

Methods: Overall, 370 HTx recipients were divided into two groups: (1) the alcoholic donor group (AD, n=58), and (2) the non-alcoholic donor group (NAD, n=312). Read More

Diabet Med 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Diabetes Research Group, Swansea University, Medical School, Swansea, UK.

In the UK the National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) advocates intensive lifestyle programmes that attain the levels of daily physical activity set out by the Chief Medical Officer as a first-line strategy for improving the health of people at risk of developing diabetes or reducing the risk of development of Type 2 diabetes. For people with Type 2 diabetes, lifestyle measures complement pharmacological treatments that include both oral and injectable therapies. In line with this, NICE guidelines also support intensification of efforts to improve patient lifestyle along with these glucose-lowering therapies. Read More

Am J Hum Biol 2018 Dec 10:e23208. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.

Objectives: The present study sought to expand upon prior investigations examining patterns of vagally mediated heart rate variability (vmHRV) and perceived exertion as a function of body mass index (BMI) in response to and recovery from exercise.

Methods: Participants underwent a resting (baseline) period, followed by a graded exercise protocol on an ergometer with ascending difficulty stages, and finally another resting (recovery) period. Individuals were stratified into three BMI groups: low, moderate, and high. Read More

Physiol Rep 2018 Dec;6(23):e13935

Institute of Advanced Active Aging Research, Tokorozawa, Japan.

Regular exercise reduces the risks for cardiovascular diseases. Although the gut microbiota has been associated with fitness level and cardiometabolic risk factors, the effects of exercise-induced gut microbiota changes in elderly individuals are unclear. This study evaluated whether endurance exercise modulates the gut microbiota in elderly subjects, and whether these changes are associated with host cardiometabolic phenotypes. Read More

Scand J Med Sci Sports 2018 Dec 9. Epub 2018 Dec 9.

Utrecht University, University Medical Center Utrecht, Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neurosciences, Department Rehabilitation, Physical Therapy Science & Sports, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Background: Although the Nordic Hamstring Exercise (NHE) prevents hamstring injury in soccer players effectively, the annual incidence of these injuries still increases. This may be because of poor long-term compliance with the program. Furthermore, the timing and amplitude of gluteal and core muscle activation seem to play an important role in hamstring injury prevention, the NHE program was not designed to improve activation of these muscles. Read More

J Appl Res Intellect Disabil 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Intellectual Disability Medicine, Department of General Practice, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Background: Resistance training has beneficial effects on fitness levels, cardiovascular disease risk, risk of sarcopenia and on performing activities of daily living. The focus of this study is to design a total body resistance exercise set for adults with intellectual disabilities (RESID) with minimal equipment required and to test its feasibility.

Method: The RESID was selected in an expert meeting, and its feasibility was determined in a cross-sectional pilot study. Read More

Exp Physiol 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Automation, Biocybernetics and Robotics, Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia.

What is the central question of this study? Controlled-hyperthermia heat acclimation protocols induce an array of thermoregulatory and cardiovascular adaptations that facilitate exercise in hot conditions. We investigated whether this ergogenic potential can be transferred to thermoneutral normoxic or hypoxic exercising conditions. What is the main finding and its importance? We show that heat acclimation did not affect maximal cardiac output or maximal aerobic power in thermoneutral normoxic/hypoxic conditions. Read More

Lipids 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, 110 Chandlee Laboratory, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.

Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake is well below the amount recommended by the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (0.25 g/day), supporting the need for alternative dietary sources. Stearidonic acid (SDA)-enriched soybeans were bioengineered to endogenously synthesize SDA, which can be readily metabolized to EPA in humans; thus, incorporating the derived SDA-enriched soybean oil into the food supply is a potential strategy to increase EPA. Read More

J Cell Physiol 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Shanghai Fengxian District Central Hospital and East China Normal University Joint Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.

The key signaling networks regulating bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are poorly defined. Lgr4, which belongs to the leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor (LGR) family, is widely expressed in multiple tissues from early embryogenesis to adulthood. We investigated whether Lgr4 functions in BMSCs and in osteogenesis, adipogenesis, and skeletal myoblasts, using mice with a β-geo gene trap inserted into the Lgr4 gene. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Dec 11;12:CD012280. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland.

Background: People undergoing multimodal cancer treatment are at an increased risk of adverse events. Physical fitness significantly reduces following cancer treatment, which is related to poor postoperative outcome. Exercise training can stimulate skeletal muscle adaptations, such as increased mitochondrial content and improved oxygen uptake capacity may contribute to improved physical fitness. Read More

Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.

Background And Aims: The main aim of this study was to analyze how the lipid accumulation affects the whole-body fat oxidation over a range of intensities during a submaximal incremental exercise test in post-menopausal overweight-obese women.

Patients And Methods: The maximal fat oxidation (MFO), the intensity where the MFO occurs (FatMax), fat oxidation were measured over a range of intensities during a submaximal incremental exercise test through indirect calorimetry in 60 postmenopausal overweight-obese women (aged>49 years; body mass index 28.0 to 39. Read More

Clin Res Cardiol 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Institution for Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Aims: Left ventricular diastolic pressure estimation is essential for characterization of heart failure (HF). Patients with normal resting left atrial (LA) pressures (LAP), but steep LAP elevation on exertion, pose a particular diagnostic challenge. Current recommendations on echocardiographic LAP estimation have limited accuracy. Read More

J Physiol Sci 2018 Dec 8. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Care and Social Welfare, Kibi International University, Takahashi, Okayama, Japan.

Statins and exercise reduce cardiovascular disease incidence. We investigated whether endurance exercise in mice induces mitochondrial adaptation in skeletal muscle and muscle injury during administration of atorvastatin, a member of the statin medication class. Male C57BL mice were assigned to one of three groups: control (Con), statin (Statin), or statin and exercise (Statin + Ex). Read More

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2018 Dec 8. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK.

Purpose: People with severe mental ill health (SMI) are less physically active and more sedentary than the general population. There is limited research investigating the correlates of physical activity (PA) in people with SMI impeding the development of successful interventions. This study aimed to assess the factors associated with regular participation of PA among a large sample of people with SMI. Read More

Cardiovasc Toxicol 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.

Previous studies show that anabolic steroids impair innate cardioprotective mechanisms. Here, we investigated the effect of supraphysiological doses of nandrolone on ischemic preconditioning (IPC) as a potent cardioprotective tool against ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury in rat hearts. Male Wistar rats in two experimental settings of sedentary and exercise-trained (60 min/day swimming, 5 days/week, for 8 weeks) were either pretreated with intramuscular injections of arachis oil (Arach, n = 16) as vehicle or nandrolone decanoate (ND, n = 8), 10 mg/kg/week, for 8 weeks. Read More

Eur J Appl Physiol 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Autonomic Cardiovascular Control and Exercise Laboratory, School of Health and Human Performance, Division of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, 6230 South Street, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada.

Purpose: Aerobic fitness is directly related to favorable vasodilatory (i.e., flow-mediated dilation; FMD) and vasoconstrictor functions (i. Read More

Adv Ther 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan.

Introduction: Orlistat is an inhibitor of pancreatic lipase and is used as an anti-obesity drug in many countries. However, there are no data available regarding the effects of orlistat on visceral fat accumulation in Japanese subjects. Therefore, this comparative, placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of orlistat in Japanese participants with excessive visceral fat accumulation and without dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension ("metabolic diseases"). Read More

J Anim Sci 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Graphics and Imaging Laboratory (GILAB), University of Girona, Girona, Catalonia.

The use of e-learning tools for medical teaching is a common practice, but similar tools do not exist for veterinary teaching. In this paper we present a fully web-based e-learning platform, denoted Interactive Veterinary Education Tool (IVET), which is designed to support teaching and learning in veterinary science. To make content creation easier, it provides theory, exercise, and image editors with functionalities to prepare exercises and theoretical content including two-dimensional (2D) images, three-dimensional (3D) models, and Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) files, which can be manipulated by the users. Read More

Mil Med 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Human Physiology Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.

Introduction: Soldiers are exposed to extreme training regimens in order to optimally prepare for real battle. High attrition rates are a known issue during training courses, especially for elite troops. An underlying factor might be the disbalance between stress/strain and recovery. Read More

J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2018 Dec 8. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

The long term benefits conferred by cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in those with CAD are strongly linked with an improvement in cardiopulmonary fitness. This study aimed to determine the association between peripheral sphingolipids and cardiopulmonary fitness in CAD subjects undertaking CR. Patients with CAD (n=100, mean age=64±6 years, 85% male, mean years of education=17±3 years) underwent 6 months of CR with blood collected at baseline, 3 and 6 months. Read More

J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2018 Dec 8. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine.

Background: Adiposity-related ventilatory constraints in older adults can potentially contribute to greater risk of exercise intolerance and mobility disability. This study investigated whether ventilatory limitation, measured by breathing reserve at peak exercise (BR), is associated with body composition and physical function in older adults with obesity.

Methods: This study was a cross-sectional analysis of data from a community-based cohort (n=177) of older men and women (65-79 years) with obesity (BMI=30-45 kg/m 2). Read More

Rev Med Chil 2018 Aug;146(8):894-901

Departamento de Medicina Interna, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFDL) includes fatty liver or simple steatosis, characterized by lipid deposits in hepatocytes and more advanced stages such as steatohepatitis (NASH) and non-alcoholic cirrhosis. Physical inactivity, hypercaloric and unbalanced diet together with aging play a key role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and are strongly associated with metabolic and physical activity continue to be major components in prevention and first-line treatment to attenuate or reverse NAFLD. Dietary patterns, their composition and weight reduction would be the most relevant nutritional aspects in NAFDL treatment. Read More

NPJ Microgravity 2018 4;4:24. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Departments of Academic Affairs and Biomedical Sciences, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN USA.

We have previously reported that exercise-related secretion of IL-6 by peripheral blood mononuclear cells is proportionate to body weight, suggesting that IL-6 is gravisensitive and that suboptimal production of this key cytokine may contribute to homeostatic dysregulations that occur during spaceflight. This review details what is known about the role of this key cytokine in innate and adaptive immunity, hematopoiesis, and in bone, muscle and metabolic homeostasis on Earth and in the microgravity of space and suggests an experimental approach to confirm or disavow the role of IL-6 in space-related dysregulations. Read More

Front Public Health 2018 26;6:341. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.

Despite the well-established benefits of regular participation in physical activity, many Australians still fail to maintain sufficient levels. More self-determined types of motivation and more positive affect during activity have been found to be associated with the maintenance of physical activity behaviour over time. Need-supportive approaches to physical activity behaviour change have previously been shown to improve quality of motivation and psychological well-being. Read More

Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2018 Nov;22(Suppl 1):S14-S16

Department of Endocrinology, MP Shah Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya.

Sports and endocrinology are complex interrelated disciplines. Sports and exercise modulate endocrine and metabolic health, and are used to prevent and manage disease. Endocrine and metabolic function influence participation and performance in sports activity. Read More

Int J Sports Phys Ther 2018 Dec;13(6):1083-1094

Background And Purpose: Tendinopathy of the supraspinatus muscle is a frequent cause of shoulder pain. Although it is a common condition, the pathophysiology is not fully understood. The purpose of this clinical commentary is to provide an overview of the pathophysiology of supraspinatus tendinopathy and discuss the conservative treatment solutions. Read More

BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2018 6;10:23. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

5Exercise Science and Neuroscience, Department of Exercise & Health, University of Paderborn, Warburger Str. 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany.

Background: Strength deficits, muscle imbalances, and quadriceps inhibition are common after the surgical reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), even after the patient's returned-to-sport. Typically, asymmetries between the operated and non-operated leg as well as the hamstring/quadriceps (HQ) ratio are calculated using maximum isokinetic torque values. Moreover, the knee flexion angles, which correspond to the measured torque values, were not considered. Read More

BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2018 28;10:22. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

1Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zürich, Leopold-Ruzicka-Weg 4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.

Background: Internal and external rotation exercises of the shoulder are frequently performed to avoid injury and pain. Knowledge about the motion and loadings of the upper extremities during these exercises is crucial for the development of optimal training recommendations. However, a comparison of the angles and corresponding moments in the upper extremities that are achieved during internal and external rotation exercises for the shoulder by using different resistance types has not yet been performed. Read More

Behav Neurol 2018 11;2018:2404191. Epub 2018 Nov 11.

Department of Exercise and Health Promotion, College of Education, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan.

Front Physiol 2018 26;9:1682. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Sport and Exercise Science Research Institute, Ulster University, Antrim, United Kingdom.

Metabolomics is a relatively new "omics" approach used to characterize metabolites in a biological system at baseline and following a diversity of stimuli. However, the metabolomic response to exercise in hypoxia currently remains unknown. To examine this, 24 male participants completed 1 h of exercise at a workload corresponding to 75% of pre-determined O in hypoxia (Fo = 0. Read More

Front Physiol 2018 26;9:1648. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a public health problem and a recognized risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). CKD could amplify the progression of chronic heart failure leading to the development of type 4 cardio-renal syndrome (T4CRS). The severity and persistence of heart failure are strongly associated with mortality risk in T4CRS. Read More

Front Behav Neurosci 2018 26;12:269. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Division of Medical Sciences and Graduate Entry Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.

The euphoric feeling described after running is, at least in part, due to increased circulating endocannabinoids (eCBs). eCBs are lipid signaling molecules involved in reward, appetite, mood, memory and neuroprotection. The aim of this study was to investigate whether activities other than running can increase circulating eCBs. Read More

Front Behav Neurosci 2018 23;12:268. Epub 2018 Nov 23.

Department of Psychology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.

Despite the prevalence of physical exertion and fatigue during military, firefighting and disaster medicine operations, sports or even daily life, their acute effects on moral reasoning and moral decision-making have never been systematically investigated. To test the effects of physical exertion on moral reasoning and moral decision-making, we administered a moral dilemma task to 32 male participants during a moderate or high intensity cycling intervention. Participants in the high intensity cycling group tended to show more non-utilitarian reasoning and more non-utilitarian decision-making on impersonal but not on personal dilemmas than participants in the moderate intensity cycling group. Read More

Int J Health Sci (Qassim) 2018 Nov-Dec;12(6):50-64

Lifestyle and Health Research, Health Science Research Center, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Objectives: Saudi Arabia has recently witnessed enormous economic growth accompanied by undesirable lifestyle behaviors, along with an associated increase in non-communicable diseases (NCD's). This systematic review presents a comprehensive and an updated overview of the status of physical activity (PA) or inactivity among the Saudi population and examines the major barriers and correlates of PA.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted using MEDLINE and Google Scholar databases. Read More

Int J Health Sci (Qassim) 2018 Nov-Dec;12(6):44-49

Department of physical therapy, Ziauddin College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to examine the effectiveness of diverse exercise regimes used in multiple Randomized Control Trials as the only conservative management strategy for increased Cobb angle among Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis.

Methods: Database such as Google Scholar, Medline, and BioMed Central was reconnoitered for the purpose of research articles of interest. Studies in which the effects of conservative management of scoliosis on the magnitude of Cobb angle were calculated were scrutinized procedurally, studies fulfilling the inclusion criteria were retrieved and encompassed in the present study. Read More

Indian J Psychol Med 2018 Nov-Dec;40(6):600-601

Department of Psychopharmacology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

The ability to critically read a research paper is a skill that all postgraduate students and academicians require because the findings of a study must be interpreted in the context of its strengths and limitations. This article summarizes a recent study on continuation vs. discontinuation of antidepressants during pregnancy; preterm birth and low-birth weight were the outcomes of interest. Read More

JB JS Open Access 2018 Sep 7;3(3):e0005. Epub 2018 Aug 7.

Departments of Health Services Policy and Management (C.G.C., S.B.F., B.C., and J.M.B.) and Exercise Science (C.A.T.), Center for Effectiveness Research in Orthopaedics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina.

Background: Atraumatic rotator cuff tear is a common orthopaedic complaint for people >60 years of age. Lack of evidence or consensus on appropriate treatment for this type of injury creates the potential for substantial discretion in treatment decisions. To our knowledge, no study has assessed the implications of this discretion on treatment patterns across the United States. Read More

J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2018 Dec 3;3(4). Epub 2018 Nov 3.

Muscle Morphology, Mechanics, and Performance Laboratory, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC 20422, USA; (K.B.); (E.L.); (B.A.); (V.M.).

The optimal management of sarcopenia requires appropriate endpoint measures to determine intervention efficacy. While hand grip strength is a predictor of morbidity and mortality, lower extremity strength may be better associated with functional activities in comparison to hand grip strength. The purpose of our study was to examine the comparative association of upper and lower extremity strength with common measures of physical performance in older adults. Read More

J Sports Med (Hindawi Publ Corp) 2018 7;2018:6024574. Epub 2018 Nov 7.

Department of Cardiology, National Teaching Hospital of Cotonou, University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), 01 P.O. Box 827, Cotonou, Benin.

Introduction: The goal of this study was to describe the echocardiographic parameters of soccer referees and to examine the changes in these parameters after a period of intensive physical exercise.

Methods And Patients: We conducted a prospective study that included Beninese soccer referees. The study of the geometry and function of the left ventricle (LV) was made at the beginning and end of the national Division 1 championship, which was held during the course of 10 weeks. Read More

Case Rep Genet 2018 7;2018:6898546. Epub 2018 Nov 7.

Consortium for Health and Military Performance, Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD 20184, USA.

Individuals with Sickle Cell Trait (SCT), generally considered a benign carrier state of hemoglobin S (HbAS), are thought to be at risk for exertional rhabdomyolysis and hematuria, conditions that can also be caused by various other acquired and inherited factors. We report an SCT positive service member with an exertional rhabdomyolysis event, recurrent hematuria with transient proteinuria, and episodic burning pain in the lower extremities. Clinical and genetic studies revealed the multifactorial nature of his complex phenotype. Read More