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Cardiovasc Endocrinol Metab 2021 Jun 3;10(2):62-71. Epub 2020 Sep 3.

Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in persons with cancer. The elevated risk is thought to derive from the combination of cardiovascular risk factors and direct cardiotoxicity from cancer therapies. Exercise may be a potential strategy to counteract these toxicities and maintain cardiovascular reserve. Read More

PLoS One 2021 10;16(6):e0252956. Epub 2021 Jun 10.

Institute for Music Physiology and Musicians' Medicine, Hannover University for Music, Drama and Media, Hannover, Germany.

An increasing body of evidence notes the health benefits of arts engagement and participation. However, specific health effects and optimal modes and 'doses' of arts participation remain unclear, limiting evidence-based recommendations and prescriptions. The performing arts are the most popular form of arts participation, presenting substantial scope for established interest to be leveraged into positive health outcomes. Read More

J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2021 Jun;61(6):803-809

Physical Education School, Neuromuscular Assessment Laboratory, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.

Background: This study compared the effect of treadmill running on subsequent upper limb exercise performance in young men.

Methods: Seventeen young men (24.8±5. Read More

J Spinal Cord Med 2021 Jun 8:1-16. Epub 2021 Jun 8.

Department of Rehabilitation Sciences & Technology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.

Context: Extreme conditioning programs (ECPs), such as CrossFit, are a relatively new method of fitness with rapid growth in individuals with paraplegia. However, it is unknown if wheelchair users are at an additional risk of musculoskeletal injury during these exercises. Biomechanical characterization is necessary to determine the safety and efficacy of ECPs as an exercise modality for wheelchair users with paraplegia. Read More

Br J Nutr 2021 Jun 7:1-34. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

Internal medicine department, faculty of medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to be a global health crisis. The gut microbiome critically affects the immune system and some respiratory infections are associated with changes in the gut microbiome, here we evaluated the role of nutritional and lifestyle habits that modulate gut microbiota on COVID-19 outcomes in a longitudinal cohort study that included 200 consecutive patients infected with COVID-19. Of these, 122 cases were mild and 78 were moderate, according to WHO classification. Read More

Breast Cancer Res Treat 2021 Jun 7. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

Department of Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.

Purpose: Breast cancer survivors may be at risk for increased rates of emotional distress and poorer quality of life. Survivorship care plans (SCPs) promoting wellness activities may support well-being; however, survivors may not receive or engage in their SCPs. This study aimed to assess receipt and participation in SCP activities as well as barriers to engagement amongst breast cancer survivors. Read More

Front Physiol 2021 20;12:505149. Epub 2021 May 20.

Department of Sports, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences (INEF), Polytechnic University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.

Prescription of post-match or post-training recovery strategies in young soccer players is a key point to optimize soccer performance. Considering that the effectiveness of recovery strategies may present interindividual variability, scientific evidence-based recovery methods and protocols used in adults are possibly not applicable to young soccer players. Therefore, the current systematic review primarily aimed to present a critical appraisal and summary of the original research articles that have evaluated the effectiveness of recovery strategies in young male soccer players and to provide sufficient knowledge regarding the effectiveness of the recovery methods and strategies. Read More

Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2021 Jun 4:1-10. Epub 2021 Jun 4.

Purpose: Rating of perceived exertion (RPE) as a training-intensity prescription has been extensively used by athletes and coaches. However, individual variability in the physiological response to exercise prescribed using RPE has not been investigated.

Methods: Twenty well-trained competitive cyclists (male = 18, female = 2, maximum oxygen consumption =55. Read More

Qual Manag Health Care 2021 Jun 3. Epub 2021 Jun 3.

Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (Drs Khammarnia, Ansari-Moghaddam, and Setoodehzadeh and Mss Rezaei and Peyvand); and Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, England, United Kingdom (Dr Clark).

Background And Objectives: Medical errors (MEs) are one of the main factors affecting the quality of hospital services and reducing patient safety in health care systems, especially in developing countries. The aim of this study was to determine the rate of ME in Iran.

Methods: This is a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of extracted data. Read More

Open Heart 2021 Jun;8(1)

Cardiology, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Bristol, UK.

J Dance Med Sci 2021 Jun 3. Epub 2021 Jun 3.

Background: Dancers possess a large degree of hip range of motion that results from a combination of innate and acquired osseous morphology and permissive soft tissues. Generalized hypermobility in dancers may predispose them to a spectrum of hip instability. The objective of this narrative review is to discuss the anatomical characteristics, pathogenesis, risk factors, clinical signs and symptoms, management, and outcomes of hip instability treatments in dancers. Read More

Health (London) 2021 Jun 3:13634593211021481. Epub 2021 Jun 3.

University of Colorado Colorado Springs, USA.

This paper offers new insights into the promotion of the Exercise is Medicine (EIM) framework for mental illness and chronic disease. Utilising the Syndemics Framework, which posits mental health conditions as corollaries of social conditions, we argue that medicalized exercise promotion paradigms both ignore the social conditions that can contribute to mental illness and can contribute to mental illness via discrimination and worsening self-concept based on disability. We first address the ways in which the current EIM framework may be too narrow in scope in considering the impact of social factors as determinants of health. Read More

Biol Sport 2021 Jun 22;38(2):277-283. Epub 2020 Oct 22.

Department of Physical Education, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Russia.

Direct determination of muscle fiber composition is invasive and expensive, with indirect methods also requiring specialist resources and expertise. Performing resistance exercises at 80% 1RM is suggested as a means of indirectly estimating muscle fiber composition, though this hypothesis has never been validated against a direct method. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between the number of completed repetitions at 80% 1RM of back squat exercise and muscle fiber composition. Read More

Eur J Prev Cardiol 2021 Jun 2. Epub 2021 Jun 2.

Heart Failure Unit, G. da Saliceto Hospital, AUSL Piacenza and University of Parma, Parma, Italy.

A proper determination of the exercise intensity is important for the rehabilitation of patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) since it affects the effectiveness and medical safety of exercise training. In 2013, the European Association of Preventive Cardiology (EAPC), together with the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation and the Canadian Association of Cardiac Rehabilitation, published a position statement on aerobic exercise intensity assessment and prescription in cardiovascular rehabilitation (CR). Since this publication, many subsequent papers were published concerning the determination of the exercise intensity in CR, in which some controversies were revealed and some of the commonly applied concepts were further refined. Read More

Hypertension 2021 Jun 2:HYP0000000000000196. Epub 2021 Jun 2.

Current guidelines published by the American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology broadly recommend lifestyle approaches to prevent and treat elevated blood pressure and cholesterol. For patients with mildly or moderately elevated blood pressure and blood cholesterol, lifestyle-only approaches are the first line of therapy. The purpose of this scientific statement is to: (1) highlight the mild-moderate-risk patient groups indicated for lifestyle-only treatment for elevated blood pressure or cholesterol; (2) describe recommendations, average effects, and additional considerations when prescribing lifestyle treatment with physical activity; and (3) provide guidance and resources for clinicians to assess, prescribe, counsel, and refer to support increased physical activity in their patients. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021 May 28;18(11). Epub 2021 May 28.

Department of Health and Biostatistics, Sport Innovation Research Group, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia.

Progression of prescribed exercise is important to facilitate attainment of optimal physical capacity during cardiac rehabilitation. However, it is not clear how often exercise is progressed or to what extent. This study evaluated whether exercise progression during clinical cardiac rehabilitation was different between cardiovascular treatment, age, or initial physical capacity. Read More

Nutrients 2021 May 18;13(5). Epub 2021 May 18.

Department of Kinesiology & Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.

Insulin resistance is a key etiological factor in promoting not only type 2 diabetes mellitus but also cardiovascular disease (CVD). Exercise is a first-line therapy for combating chronic disease by improving insulin action through, in part, reducing hepatic glucose production and lipolysis as well as increasing skeletal muscle glucose uptake and vasodilation. Just like a pharmaceutical agent, exercise can be viewed as a "drug" such that identifying an optimal prescription requires a determination of mode, intensity, and timing as well as consideration of how much exercise is done relative to sitting for prolonged periods (e. Read More

Healthcare (Basel) 2021 May 19;9(5). Epub 2021 May 19.

Department of Public Health, University of Fort Hare, 5 Oxford Street, East London 5021, South Africa.

Despite scientific evidence on prenatal physical activity and exercise, synthesized evidence is lacking on the provision of prenatal physical activity and exercise advice and counselling by prenatal healthcare providers. The scoping review seeks to fill this gap by synthesizing available literature on the provision of prenatal physical activity and exercise advice and counselling by prenatal healthcare providers to women during antenatal visits. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) search framework for scoping reviews was applied to retrieve original research articles on the prenatal physical activity and exercise practices of healthcare providers with pregnant women, published between 2010-2020, and available in English. Read More

Nutrients 2021 May 14;13(5). Epub 2021 May 14.

Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth 6027, WA, Australia.

Fat mass (FM) gain and lean mass (LM) loss are common side effects for patients with prostate cancer receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Excess FM has been associated with an increased risk of developing obesity-related comorbidities, exacerbating prostate cancer progression, and all-cause and cancer-specific mortality. LM is the predominant contributor to resting metabolic rate, with any loss impacting long-term weight management as well as physical function. Read More

Nutrients 2021 May 13;13(5). Epub 2021 May 13.

Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.

The goal of this retrospective study was to document any alterations in plasma amino acids (AAs) in subjects with cardiorenal syndrome type 2 (CRS 2). We analyzed data from sixteen patients with CRS 2 and eight healthy subjects (control group, C), whose plasma arterial (A) and venous (V) AA concentrations had been measured. Compared to C, the group of CRS 2 patients showed significant reductions by more than 90% in A ( < 0. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021 May 20;18(10). Epub 2021 May 20.

Health Science Research Center of Tai Chi Association, Department of Physical Education, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.

In our randomized controlled trial, we investigated whether Wu-style Tai Chi (Tai Chi combined with Daoyin) as a potential exercise prescription is more effective than simplified Tai Chi in the prevention and treatment of hypertension and hyperlipidemia in the middle-aged and elderly. We randomly assigned 66 patients with hypertension and hyperlipidemia to one of the two groups: the Wu-style Tai Chi group or the simplified Tai Chi group; the simplified Tai Chi group only exercised simplified Tai Chi three times a week for 6 weeks. The Wu-style Tai Chi group participated in 60 min of Wu-style Tai Chi three times a week for 6 weeks. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021 May 11;18(10). Epub 2021 May 11.

Research Group in Environment, Physical Activity and Health, Federal University of Technology-Parana, Curitiba 81310-900, Brazil.

Physical activity (PA) counseling by health professionals has promising results in behavior change. However, few studies have evaluated its prevalence in Primary Health Care in Latin American countries. This study aimed to describe the prevalence and analyze the associated factors of PA counseling in adults in Primary Health Care in Brazil. Read More

J Pharm Health Care Sci 2021 Jun 1;7(1):22. Epub 2021 Jun 1.

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.

Background: Renal function and use of concomitant medications should be carefully monitored in patients subjected to treatment with direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs); the dose should be individually designed for each patient. Owing to the complex therapeutic indications and dose reduction criteria, pharmacists exercise caution when determining the optimal dose for each patient. A DOAC check sheet has been developed that is automatically printed in the dispensing room at the same time as the prescription and can be used by pharmacists to dispense DOACs promptly and correctly. Read More

Front Cardiovasc Med 2021 12;8:603354. Epub 2021 May 12.

Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, China.

Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a kind of large-vessel vasculitis that mainly affects the aorta and its branches, and the patients are usually women at a relatively young age. The chronic inflammation of arteries in TA patients leads to stenosis, occlusion, dilatation, or aneurysm formation. Patients with TA thereby have a high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) complications, which are the most common cause of mortality. Read More

Front Public Health 2021 13;9:628333. Epub 2021 May 13.

Quality and Assurance Directorate, Nuffield Health, Epsom, United Kingdom.

High levels of physical, cognitive, and psychosocial impairments are anticipated for those recovering from the COVID-19. In the UK, ~50% of survivors will require additional rehabilitation. Despite this, there is currently no evidence-based guideline available in England and Wales that addresses the identification, timing and nature of effective interventions to manage the morbidity associated following COVID-19. Read More

Front Physiol 2021 12;12:660818. Epub 2021 May 12.

Department of Health Sciences and Kinesiology, Biodynamics and Human Performance Center, Georgia Southern University (Armstrong Campus), Savannah, GA, United States.

J Obes Metab Syndr 2021 May 28. Epub 2021 May 28.

Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Sejong General Hospital, Bucheon, Korea.

Obesity is a prevalent and complex disease. The prevalence of obesity in Korea increased from 29.7% in 2010 to 35. Read More

BMC Public Health 2021 05 28;21(1):1003. Epub 2021 May 28.

Physiology, Exercise and Nutrition Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK.

Background: Exercise referral schemes (ERS) aim to tackle non-communicable disease (NCD) by increasing physical activity levels through prescribed exercise. However, there is a sparsity of knowledge upon what exercises are prescribed and if they are targeted towards tackling NCD.

Method: Mixed methods were employed. Read More

Trials 2021 May 26;22(1):367. Epub 2021 May 26.

Postgraduate Physiotherapy Department of Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luiz, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil.

Background: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) present pulmonary and extrapulmonary impairments. The strategies used to mitigate these impairments are pulmonary rehabilitation programs (PRP). However, there is limited access to PRP in specialized centers and the study of low-cost home rehabilitation programs had non-individualized prescription, which might have led to insignificant positive effects. Read More

Percept Mot Skills 2021 May 26:315125211018445. Epub 2021 May 26.

Departmento de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil.

Session ratings of perceived exertion (sRPE) are considered a practical marker of whole session exercise intensity, but its relationship to exercise volume has remained unclear. We analyzed the effects of exercise duration at different intensities on overall and differentiated sRPE. Sixteen males ( = 22. Read More