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Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2020 May 15. Epub 2020 May 15.

Department of Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, School of Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. Electronic address:

Background And Aims: Great attention is now being paid to effective policies and programs to promote physical activity among adolescents, girls consistently found to be less active than boys. The aim of this study was to assess gender differences in perceived barriers for physical activity practice and their relationship with physical activity levels and physical condition among adolescents.

Methods And Results: A cross-sectional study was conducted in February-April 2017 among students (n = 368) in the last year of two state high schools in Florence (Italy). Read More

Eur J Prev Cardiol 2020 Jun 30:2047487320936021. Epub 2020 Jun 30.

College of Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, China.

J Pers Med 2020 Jun 27;10(3). Epub 2020 Jun 27.

Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Performance, Neuroscience, Therapy and Health, MSH Medical School Hamburg, University of Applied Sciences and Medical University, Am Kaiserkai 1, 20457 Hamburg, Germany.

It is well recognized that regular physical exercise has positive effects on physical and mental health. To use the beneficial health effects of physical exercise, there are worldwide movements encouraging health care providers to include physical exercise in their care and treatments strategies. However, a crucial point in administering the "exercise polypill" is the dosing and, in turn, the prescription of the physical intervention (PI). Read More

JCO Oncol Pract 2020 Jun 30:OP2000210. Epub 2020 Jun 30.

Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University; and School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Western Australia, Australia.

The novel 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is a global public health emergency. To date, physical distancing and good personal hygiene have been the only effective measures to limit spread. The pandemic has altered routine cancer care, including allied health and supportive care interventions. Read More

J Frailty Aging 2020 ;9(3):155-157

Agathe Daria Jadczak PhD, Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital DX 465701, 28 Woodville Road, Woodville South, SA 5011, Australia, Phone: +61 8 8133 4012 Email:

The study aimed to examine the sustained impact of a 1.5-hour medical school-based physical activity (PA) module on interns' perceived competence and importance in advising older adults about exercise. The modified Exercise and Physical Activity Competence Questionnaire (EPACQ) was administered in 2017 (CG: control group) and 2018 (IG: intervention group) two years post-course. Read More

J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2020 May 2;4(1):107-121. Epub 2020 May 2.

Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.

A growing body of evidence supports that aerobic exercise can decrease the risk of future cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease (AD). There is a pressing need to rigorously determine whether cognitively normal yet at-risk individuals stand to benefit from the protective effects of exercise. The present study will test the feasibility of an aerobic exercise intervention in such a population and inform the design of a larger-scale randomized, controlled trial examining the effect of aerobic exercise on biomarkers of AD in late-middle-aged, at-risk individuals. Read More

Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2020 Sep 9;19:100584. Epub 2020 Jun 9.

School of Human Sciences (Sport Science, Exercise and Health), The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.

Background: Exercise confers myriad health benefits and physical inactivity is a modifiable risk factor for many non-communicable chronic diseases. However, individual responsiveness to guideline-based exercise programs is idiosyncratic for health and fitness outcomes. It is not known whether the response of individuals to distinct exercise modalities tend to be concordant or whether there is a genetic contribution to variation in exercise responsiveness. Read More

BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2020 18;6(1):e000759. Epub 2020 Jun 18.

Centre for Oral Health and Performance, University College London, Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK.

Background: Poor oral health of elite athletes is common and is associated with negative performance impacts. There is a need for oral health promotion strategies that are effective within the elite sport environment.

Aim: To develop, implement and evaluate a pragmatic oral health promotion intervention that integrated the capability, opportunity, motivation and behaviour model of behavioural change into the knowledge transfer system for effective implementation of preventive interventions. Read More

Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg 2020 Jul;26(7):409-414

From the Departments of Health, Kinesiology, and Recreation.

Objectives: Intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) increases during physical activity. Activities with high IAP are often restricted for women because of potential pelvic floor overloading. Researchers categorize high IAP activities using absolute values (in centimeters of water). Read More

Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2020 Jun 23. Epub 2020 Jun 23.

Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goias, Setor Leste Universitário, CEP, Rua 240, esquina com 5ª Avenida, s/n, 74605-170, Goiânia, GO, Brasil.

Paracetamol (PAR) is the most frequently consumed non-prescription drug, yet it is well known to induce toxicity. Here, we have evaluated the effects of exercise training on vascular dysfunction induced by PAR. Rats were distributed among 4 groups: 1-Sedentary; 2-Exercise; 3-Sedentary+PAR; and 4-Exercise+PAR. Read More

Semergen 2020 Jun 19. Epub 2020 Jun 19.

Centro de Salud Docente de Ceutí. Unidad Docente MFyC. IMIB, Murcia, España.

Objective: To determine if the Primary Health care professionals prescribe physical exercise (PE) using adequate knowledge criteria.

Material And Method: A comparative cross-sectional descriptive and observational study carried out in 32 health centres in the Region of Murcia. A total of 476 doctors and 327 nurses were included. Read More

Encephale 2020 Jun 19. Epub 2020 Jun 19.

Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, équipe Physiopathologie des Maladies Psychiatriques, CNRS GDR 3557, Institut de Psychiatrie, 75014 Paris, France; Université de Paris, Paris, France; GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Paris, France.

Patients with psychiatric disorders have a decrease in their life expectancy. Excess mortality of patients with schizophrenia was demonstrated by a meta-analysis in the late 1990s and has not decreased for the past 30years. A recent meta-analysis including nearly 250,000 patients with schizophrenia found an average decrease in life expectancy of 14. Read More

J Physiol 2020 Jun 22. Epub 2020 Jun 22.

School of Human Sciences, Exercise and Sport Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.

Key Points: 495·Exercise is considered medicine, however the individual degree of responsiveness to a standardised dose of exercise is idiosyncratic. 495·Individual responsiveness between distinct exercise modalities and the genetic/environmental contributions to exercise response are not well understood. 495·In this novel randomised cross-over design study, monozygotic and dizygotic twins, as pairs, underwent 3 months of resistance and endurance training, separated by a 3 month washout period, to assess training responses in strength and fitness outcomes to dichotomous training modalities, and the genetic/environmental contributions to exercise response. Read More

Int J Pharm Pract 2020 Jun 21. Epub 2020 Jun 21.

School of Pharmacy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.

Objective: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used in endurance running and by elite athletes. We examined the pattern of use of NSAIDs, the purpose of use and knowledge of the adverse effects of NSAID use in a population of recreational runners at Parkrun UK.

Methods: An online observational non-interventional cross-sectional survey of Parkrun UK participants being over the age of 18, on Parkrun UK's mailing list, and residing in the UK. Read More

Bipolar Disord 2020 Jun 21. Epub 2020 Jun 21.

Université Paris Diderot and INSERM UMRS1144, Paris, France.

Introduction: Although clinical practice guidelines (CPG) identify first, second- and third-line mood stabilizer (MS) treatments, they rarely define clinical response to prophylaxis or the core issues to be considered. This project aimed to develop a template for describing how clinical response may be classified and a framework to assist decision-making and monitoring of response in day-to-day practice.

Method: A scoping exercise was undertaken followed by narrative synthesis of (a) qualitative and quantitative definitions of MS response applied in clinical and research practice and (b) potential confounders (eg, non-adherence; tolerability issues) of relevance to routine practice, for example, the concepts are applicable to individuals with bipolar disorder for whom sustained remission is a less realistic goal. Read More

Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2020 Jun 16. Epub 2020 Jun 16.

Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA; School of Human Movement & Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Australia.

Importance: Personal activity intelligence (PAI) is a novel activity metric that can be integrated into self-assessment heart rate devices, and translates heart rate variations during exercise into a weekly score. Previous studies relating to PAI have been conducted in the same populations from Norway where the PAI metric has been derived, limiting generalizability of the results.

Objective: To test whether PAI is associated with total and cause-specific mortality in a large cohort from the United States. Read More

Support Care Cancer 2020 Jun 17. Epub 2020 Jun 17.

Laboratory of Pathophysiology of EXercise (LPEX), School of Kinesiology and Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, CEPSUM, 2100, boulevard Édouard Montpetit, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to demonstrate if childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) survivors exposed to chemotherapy (i.e., doxorubicin) are able to achieve a safe maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). Read More

Chiropr Man Therap 2020 Jun 19;28(1):29. Epub 2020 Jun 19.

Chiropractic Service Chief, VA Connecticut Health Care System, 950 Campbell Ave, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA.

Background: Little is known about the preferred treatment strategies of chiropractors in managing low back pain patients with prior lumbar fusions. There are several case reports which describe chiropractic care following surgical intervention, but there are no cohort or experimental studies published. Therefore, we sought to examine self-reported management approaches and practice patterns related to the management of patients with prior surgical lumbar fusion, among United States Veterans Affairs (VA) chiropractors. Read More

Eur J Prev Cardiol 2020 Jun 17:2047487320928654. Epub 2020 Jun 17.

Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Italy.

The benefits of physical activity are well established, leading to both cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular benefits, improving quality of life and reducing mortality. Despite such striking body of evidence, patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy are often discouraged by health professionals to practice physical activity and personalised exercise prescription is an exception rather than the rule. As a result, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients are on average less active and spend significantly less time at work or recreational physical activity than the general population. Read More

Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol 2020 06 19. Epub 2020 Jun 19.

Allergy Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Ancona, Ancona, Italy.

Anaphylaxis is the most severe systemic hypersensitivity reaction, and it can be life-threatening or even fatal. It involves the activation of multiple immune and non immune pathways beyond IgE, thus exhibiting different phenotypes. New symptoms of hypersensitivity caused by chemotherapy drugs, monoclonal antibodies, and biological agents have been suggested to be recognized as anaphylaxis phenotypes. Read More

Sante Publique 2019 November December;31(6):827-836

Objective: This article presents a systematic review (2009-2018) of the literature in social sciences and public health concerning exercise on prescription. The review is oriented towards studies about the beneficiaries of these prescriptions and seeks to question the use of socio-ecological indicators.

Method: The interrogation of bibliographic databases made it possible to retain 28 papers taking into account the following inclusion criteria: (1) publication in a peer-reviewed journal; (2) prescription of physical activity by a health professional; (3) adult beneficiaries; (4) prescription for a supervised physical activity program; (5) physical activity program of at least one month; (6) socio-demographic or psychosocial indicators complementary to age and sex only. Read More

Iran J Public Health 2020 Apr;49(4):808-809

Department of Physical Education, Busan National University of Education, Busan 47503, South Korea.

BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2020 3;6(1):e000679. Epub 2020 Jun 3.

Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.

Background: At present education on exercise medicine and physical activity (PA) promotion does not feature heavily within the medical curriculum.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to test the feasibility of a self-directed educational tool (Faculty of Sports and Exercise Medicine (FSEM) exercise prescription booklet) on medical students' understanding of PA in disease management.

Methods: Students from 22 UK medical schools were invited to complete a brief online questionnaire before and after being provided access to the FSEM exercise prescription booklet. Read More

J Clin Med 2020 Jun 14;9(6). Epub 2020 Jun 14.

Department of Supportive Care, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada.

People with cancer who undergo allogeneic hematological stem cell transplant (allo-HSCT) experience significant deconditioning that can compromise quality of life. Exercise has shown to be beneficial before or after allo-HSCT; however, little is known about exercise therapy delivered across the continuum of care. We conducted a feasibility randomized controlled trial of exercise delivered prior to admission, during the inpatient stay, and after discharge versus control in people with planned allo-HSCT. Read More

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2020 Jun 14. Epub 2020 Jun 14.

The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy, Dartmouth, 1 Medical DriveWilliamson Translational Research Building, Level 5, Lebanon, US.

Background: Sarcopenia, defined as the age-associated loss of muscle mass and strength, can be effectively mitigated through resistance-based physical activity. With compliance at ~40% for home-based exercise prescriptions, implementing a remote-sensing system would help patients and clinicians understand treatment progress and increase compliance. Inclusion of end users in the development of mobile applications for remote sensing systems can ensure that they are both user-friendly and facilitate compliance. Read More

Curr Oncol Rep 2020 Jun 15;22(7):71. Epub 2020 Jun 15.

Division of Populations Sciences, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, 375 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.

Purpose Of Review: This review summarizes the effects of prehabilitative exercise interventions on the physical, psychosocial, and biological outcomes among patients with cancer. Current gaps and future directions in prehabilitative exercise research will be addressed.

Recent Findings: Prehabilitative exercise mitigates the detrimental impact of cancer surgery on physical fitness, noted by increases in maximal oxygen consumption and 6-min walk distance. Read More

Sci Rep 2020 Jun 11;10(1):9485. Epub 2020 Jun 11.

Postgraduate Program on Physical Education, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.

Time-of-day dependent fluctuations in exercise performance have been documented across different sports and seem to affect both endurance and resistance modes of exercise. Most of the studies published to date have shown that the performance in short-duration maximal exercises (i.e. Read More

J Clin Med 2020 Jun 8;9(6). Epub 2020 Jun 8.

School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.

Purpose: This feasibility study investigated whether a year-long combined fitness wristband-based and personalized exercise prescription intervention improves Chinese breast cancer survivors' (BCSs) health outcomes.

Methods: Ninety-five BCSs (X̅ = 44.81 ± 7. Read More

J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2020 Jun 8. Epub 2020 Jun 8.

Department of Neuroscience.

Aims: Identification of silent cardiovascular diseases by preparticipation evaluation (PPE) and disqualification from competitive sports have the potential to prevent sudden death but may induce adverse psychological consequences, particularly for exercise addicted athletes. We investigated the relationship between exercise addiction, attitude towards PPE and reaction to cardiovascular disease diagnosis.

Methods: We invited Italian competitive athletes to participate in an online questionnaire investigating exercise addiction, opinion about mandatory PPE and potential reaction to both sports disqualification and hypothetical diagnosis of different cardiovascular diseases. Read More

J Neurol Phys Ther 2020 Jul;44(3):179-187

School of Rehabilitation Sciences (K.M., A.T.), Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Toronto Rehabilitation Institute (L.B., D.J., M.B., C.D., A.M., N.M.S., E.I.), University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Physical Therapy (L.B., C.D., A.M., N.M.S., E.I.), and Division of Physiatry (M.B.), Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Evaluative Clinical Sciences (A.M.), Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Background And Purpose: Aerobic exercise is a recommended part of stroke best practices; yet, access to aerobic exercise programs within stroke rehabilitation remains limited and inconsistent. The purpose of this scoping review was to describe the nature and extent of barriers and facilitators to aerobic exercise implementation with adults post-stroke as reported by health care professionals.

Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and AMED Allied and Complementary Medicine were searched from inception to October 16, 2019. Read More

J Sports Sci 2020 Jun 9:1-8. Epub 2020 Jun 9.

School of Sport and Exercise Science, College of Social Sciences, University of Lincoln , Lincoln, UK.

This study compared the effects of dictating load using individual (ILVP) or group (GLVP) load-velocity profiles on lower-body strength and power. Nineteen trained males (23.6 ± 3. Read More

Aging Clin Exp Res 2020 Jun 8. Epub 2020 Jun 8.

Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.

Background: Exercise is highly recommended in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Exercise-induced amelioration of motor, non-motor, and drug-induced symptoms are widely known. However, specific guidelines on exercise testing and prescription in PD are lacking. Read More

J Diabetes Res 2020 15;2020:2864069. Epub 2020 May 15.

Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.

Objectives: National estimates of healthcare expenditures by types of services for adults with comorbid diabetes and eye complications (ECs) are scarce. Therefore, the first objective of this study is to estimate total healthcare expenditures and expenditures by types of services (inpatient, outpatient, prescription, and emergency) for adults with ECs. The second objective is to estimate the out-of-pocket spending burden among adults with ECs. Read More

J Aging Res 2020 14;2020:1407896. Epub 2020 May 14.

Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.

Physical activity and exercise have emerged as potential methods to improve brain health among older adults. However, there are currently no physical activity guidelines aimed at improving cognitive function, and the mechanisms underlying these cognitive benefits are poorly understood. The purpose of this narrative review is to present the current evidence regarding the effects of physical activity and exercise on cognition in older adults without cognitive impairment, identify potential mechanisms underlying these effects, and make recommendations for exercise prescription to enhance cognitive performance. Read More

J Sports Sci 2020 Jun 7:1-9. Epub 2020 Jun 7.

Sports Injuries Research Group, Dept. Of Sport & Physical Activity, Edge Hill University , Lancashire, UK.

With potential implications for recovery and conditioning practices, the aim of this study was to assess the cumulative and residual response of angle specific eccentric knee flexor (eccKF) strength indices following soccer-specific activity. Thirteen semi-professional soccer players were therefore required to complete a 90-minute soccer-specific treadmill running. with eccKF isokinetic strength assessments completed pre-trial, immediately post-trial, and 48 hours post-trial. Read More

J Sports Sci 2020 Jun 6:1-8. Epub 2020 Jun 6.

Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition & Activity (ARENA), Allied Health & Human Performance, University of South Australia , Adelaide, Australia.

Comfort is important for running shoe prescription in athletes to enhance performance and potentially decrease injury risk. A three-stage process was used to develop a new running footwear comfort assessment tool (RUN-CAT): (i) a survey of 282 runners to identify meaningful items of comfort, (ii-a) field testing of 100 runners who assessed the comfort of different shoes, (ii-b) item reduction using bootstrap aggregation and weightings using multiple regressions to identify a final set of items, and (iii) defining test-retest reliability, standard error of measurement (SEM), minimal detectable difference (MDD) and minimal important difference (MID) values for the final tool. Of the 19 initial items, after item reduction, four were included in the final tool: heel cushioning, shoe stability, forefoot cushioning and forefoot flexibility. Read More

Sleep Med Rev 2020 May 13;53:101334. Epub 2020 May 13.

School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong; Alice Ho Miu Ling Nethersole Charity Foundation Professor in Nursing, Hong Kong; School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan. Electronic address:

Exercise has promising effects on sleep disturbances and quality of life among cancer patients. Aerobic exercises (AE) and mind-body exercises (MBE) have different mechanisms for improving sleep, but whether they are effective remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis is the first to examine the effectiveness of AE and MBE on sleep outcomes, specifically among cancer patients with sleep disturbances. Read More

Orphanet J Rare Dis 2020 Jun 6;15(1):143. Epub 2020 Jun 6.

Regional Coordinator Center for Rare Diseases, Academic hospital of Udine, p.zzale SM della Misericordia 15, 33100, Udine, Italy.

Background: Late onset Pompe disease (LOPD) is a lysosomal neuromuscular disorder which can progressively impair the patients' exercise tolerance, motor and respiratory functions, and quality of life. The available enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) does not completely counteract disease progression. We investigated the effect of exercise training alone, or associated with a high-protein diet, on the exercise tolerance, muscle and pulmonary functions, and quality of life of LOPD patients on long term ERT. Read More

Brain Sci 2020 Jun 3;10(6). Epub 2020 Jun 3.

German University for Health and Sports, (DHGS), Vulkanstraße 1, 10367 Berlin, Germany.

In the literature, it is well established that regular physical exercise is a powerful strategy to promote brain health and to improve cognitive performance. However, exact knowledge about which exercise prescription would be optimal in the setting of exercise-cognition science is lacking. While there is a strong theoretical rationale for using indicators of internal load (e. Read More

J Phys Act Health 2020 Jun 5:1-11. Epub 2020 Jun 5.

Background: Nordic walking (NW) is a potentially beneficial exercise strategy for overweight and obese people. To date, no reviews have synthesized the existing scientific evidence regarding the effects of NW on this population. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to identify the characteristics, methodological quality, and results of the investigations that have studied the effects of NW in overweight and obese individuals. Read More

Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2020 Jun 5:1-10. Epub 2020 Jun 5.

Context: Combat sports are composed of high-intensity actions (eg, attacks, defensive actions, and counterattacks in both grappling and striking situations depending on the specific sport) interspersed with low-intensity actions (eg, displacement without contact, stepping) or pauses (eg, referee stoppages), characterizing an intermittent activity. Therefore, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) is at the essence of combat-sport-specific training and is used as complementary training, as well. HIIT prescription can be improved by using intensity parameters derived from combat-sport-specific tests. Read More

J Appl Physiol (1985) 2020 Jun 5. Epub 2020 Jun 5.

State University of Maringá.

Aerobic exercise training (AER) may promote several adaptations in white adipose tissue (WAT), including a phenotypic change known as browning. The present study aimed at assessing if resistance exercise training (RES) would be as efficient as AER in inducing a brown-like adipocyte reprogramming in WAT. 30 Swiss male mice were randomly divided into three groups with 10 animals each: 1. Read More

Musculoskeletal Care 2020 Jun 5. Epub 2020 Jun 5.

School of Medical Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.

Objectives: Clinical guidelines for the non-surgical management of knee osteoarthritis (OA) recommend exercise and education. This study aimed to evaluate the extent to which accredited exercise physiologists (AEPs) deliver exercise and education for knee OA and how it aligns with clinical practice guidelines.

Design: Cross-sectional survey. Read More

Braz J Phys Ther 2020 May 15. Epub 2020 May 15.

Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to determine, in Australian pulmonary rehabilitation programs for people with COPD: (1) whether oxygen saturation (SpO) was monitored during exercise testing; (2) whether supplemental oxygen was available during exercise testing and/or training; (3) whether oxygen was prescribed during exercise training; and the reason for providing oxygen; (4) whether a protocol was available for supplemental oxygen prescription during exercise training.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional multi-center study using a purposed-designed survey. De-identified survey data were analyzed and the absolute number and percentage of responses were recorded for each question. Read More

PLoS One 2020 4;15(6):e0233796. Epub 2020 Jun 4.

Leeds Beckett University, Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds, United Kingdom.

Background: Rugby union match demands are complex, requiring the development of multiple physical qualities concurrently. Quantifying the physical qualities of age grade rugby union players is vital for practitioners to support athlete preparation and long-term development.

Aim: This systematic review aimed to identify the methods used to quantify the physical qualities of male age grade (≤ Under-20) rugby union players, present the normative values for physical qualities, and compare physical qualities between age grades and positions. Read More

Phys Ther 2020 Jun 3. Epub 2020 Jun 3.

Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network-KITE Research Institute; and Faculty of Medicine, Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Toronto.

Objective: The benefits of aerobic exercise early after stroke are well known, but concerns about cardiovascular risk are a barrier to clinical implementation. Symptom-limited exercise testing with electrocardiography (ECG) is recommended but not always feasible. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of and corresponding exercise intensities at which ECG abnormalities occurred during submaximal exercise testing, that would limit safe exercise prescription beyond those intensities. Read More

CNS Neurosci Ther 2020 Jun 3. Epub 2020 Jun 3.

School of Physical Education and Health, Shanghai Lixin University of Accounting and Finance, Shanghai, China.

Depression is a common mental disorder characterized by high incidence, high disability, and high fatality, causing great burden to the society, families, and individuals. The changes in brain plasticity may be a main reason for depression. Recent studies have shown that exercise plays a positive role in depression, but systematic and comprehensive studies are lacking on brain plasticity changes in depression. Read More

Pulm Circ 2020 Apr-Jun;10(2):2045894020922806. Epub 2020 May 14.

Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Australia.

Exercise training was not traditionally recommended for patients with pulmonary hypertension. However, recent work has demonstrated that exercise improves endurance and quality-of-life in patients with pulmonary hypertension. Unfortunately, patients with pulmonary hypertension are often sedentary. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020 May 31;17(11). Epub 2020 May 31.

Department of City and Metropolitan Planning, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.

Urban green space use is often associated with improved physical and mental health and lower noncommunicable disease (NCDs) burdens. Factors that influence green space visits have been documented in cities of the Global North, but evidence of urban green space use patterns for cities in the Global South is scarce. The aim of this study is to investigate factors influencing urban green space use patterns in Dhaka, Bangladesh, a megacity of the Global South, with a particular focus on how poor health condition and healthcare professionals' prescriptions to exercise outdoors (park prescriptions-ParkRx) impact the green space use of middle-aged adults. Read More

Res Sports Med 2020 Jun 1:1-15. Epub 2020 Jun 1.

Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, Sports Nutrition and Performance Research Group , Ormskirk, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

Background:  In the elderly, low protein intake exacerbates the effects of sarcopenia and anabolic resistance.  Protein supplementation to maximise muscle protein synthesis, may be an effective intervention. Aim: To determine the effects of a low/high dose of protein, ingested immediately post-exercise, during resistance training in novice elderly males. Read More