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BMJ Open 2019 Feb 19;9(2):e025158. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.

Introduction: The prevalence of neck pain is increasing rapidly with a high percentage of patients going on to experience recurrent or chronic symptoms. The resulting pain and disability are commonly managed using a variety of treatments including exercise. Resistance training exercise aimed at the neck and shoulders is advocated to treat chronic non-specific neck pain (CNSNP), however the dosage of prescribed exercise varies considerably between studies. Read More

Exp Brain Res 2019 Feb 18. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

Department of Physical Therapy, Brain Behavior Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 212-2177, Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.

Pairing an acute bout of lower-limb cycling exercise with skilled motor practice enhances acquisition and learning. However, it is not known whether an acute bout of exercise enhances a specific form of motor learning, namely motor adaptation, and if subsequent inter-limb transfer of this adaptation is enhanced. Seventeen young healthy participants performed a bout of cycling exercise and rest, on separate days, prior to right-arm reaching movements to visual targets under 45° rotated feedback of arm position (acquisition), followed by an immediate test of inter-limb transfer with the untrained left arm. Read More

J Vasc Surg 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Department of Vascular Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Objective: Cardiovascular events, such as myocardial infarction and stroke, contribute significantly to the prognosis of patients with peripheral artery disease. Therefore cardiovascular risk reduction is a vital element of treatment in patients with intermittent claudication (IC). The cardiovascular risk is largely determined by modifiable risk factors, which can be treated with medical care and lifestyle adjustments, such as increasing physical activity. Read More

Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019 Feb 13. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Department of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX.

Energy expenditure of resistance exercise (RE) is an important consideration for exercise prescription and weight management, yet prediction models are lacking.

Purpose: To develop regression equations to predict energy expenditure (kcal) for RE involving each major muscle group using commonly measured demographic and exercise variables as predictors.

Methods: Fifty-two healthy, active subjects (27 men, 25 women, age 20-58 years, height 174. Read More

Physiol Behav 2019 Feb 11. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

University of Pittsburgh, 4200 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA. Electronic address:

Self-selected intensity exercise has resulted in greater affective responses (AR) compared to prescribed exercise of similar intensity and many individuals self-select intensity at a moderate level identified by metabolic analysis. As such, self-selected intensity may be an effective alternative for exercise prescription designed to promote adherence and result in health and fitness benefits. Self-selected intensity has not been well described for many subject populations and exercise modes. Read More

Int J Exerc Sci 2019 1;12(2):144-154. Epub 2019 Jan 1.

Department of Medicine and Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Exercise intensity is a critical component of the exercise prescription model. However, current research employing various non-specific exercise intensity protocols have reported wide variability in maximum oxygen uptake (VO) improvement after training, suggesting a present lack of consensus regarding optimal heart rate (f) training zones for maximal athletic performance. This study examined the relationship between percentage of time (%time) spent training between the metabolic (VOθ) and ventilatory thresholds (Vθ), and the resultant change in markers of aerobic performance. Read More

Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2019 Feb 4;62:127-135. Epub 2019 Feb 4.

National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, UK.

Background: Knee valgus alignment has been associated with lower-limb musculoskeletal injury. This case-control study aims to: assess biomechanical differences between patients with patellar tendinopathy and healthy controls.

Methods: 43 military participants (21 cases, 22 controls) were recorded using 3D-motion capture performing progressively demanding, small knee bend, single leg and single leg decline squats. Read More

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2019 Feb 13:1-26. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

The George Washington University, Program in Physical Therapy, Washington, DC.

Study Design: Case report.

Background: Tendinopathy is a condition often associated with pain, functional and sport performance limitations. While targeted exercise prescriptions are often effective, many patients with tendinopathy develop persistent symptoms. Read More

Adv Otorhinolaryngol 2019 12;83:118-125. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

Department ENT Head and Neck Surgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Advances in and intensification of treatment in hypopharyngeal cancer have led to an increase in organ preservation and in overall survival. Treatment intensification comes at the cost of more pronounced acute and long-term side effects causing functional impairments in voice and swallowing. Swallowing and voice problems have a significant impact on communication, eating and nutrition, social well-being and quality of life. Read More

Scand J Med Sci Sports 2019 Feb 11. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

School of Human and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, UK.

This paper aimed to systematically review the evidence base to uncover the key psychosocial factors that underpin adherence to an exercise referral scheme (ERS). Databases PsycINFO, MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, PubMed, PsycARTICLES, Open Grey, and PsycEXTRA were systematically searched. A parallel results-based convergent synthesis was performed by identifying key themes from quantitative and qualitative studies separately. Read More

Sports Med 2019 Feb 11. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

Department of Nutrition, Food, and Exercise Sciences, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA.

Clinical management of concussion has evolved over the last 20 years, and complete cognitive and physical rest remains a common clinical recommendation. The duration of rest may vary widely, from 24-48 h to several weeks or until the patient's symptoms have resolved or returned to near baseline levels. Following a period of rest, a stepwise progression of exercise is used for gradual return to play or to work. Read More

Am J Health Promot 2019 Feb;33(2):316-317

1 American Council on Exercise, San Diego, CA, USA.

Hematol Oncol 2019 Feb 8. Epub 2019 Feb 8.

Sport and Exercise Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, IT.

Therapy of hematological malignancies lasts for long periods implicating various complications. The chemotherapy induces fatigue and forces bed rest. These features strongly contribute to a general impairment of the physical efficiency. Read More

Physiology (Bethesda) 2019 Mar;34(2):112-122

UAB Center for Exercise Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama.

Older adults undergoing age-related decrements in muscle health can benefit substantially from resistance exercise training, a potent stimulus for whole muscle and myofiber hypertrophy, neuromuscular performance gains, and improved functional mobility. With the use of advancing technologies, research continues to elucidate the mechanisms of and heterogeneity in adaptations to resistance exercise training beyond differences in exercise prescription. This review highlights the current knowledge in these areas and emphasizes knowledge gaps that require future attention of the field. Read More

J Diabetes Res 2019 6;2019:4858740. Epub 2019 Jan 6.

Research Group in Physiology, Department of Life Sciences, Regional University of Northwestern Rio Grande do Sul State (UNIJUI), Ijuí, RS, Brazil.

Obesity, air pollution, and exercise induce alterations in the heat shock response (HSR), in both intracellular 70 kDa heat shock proteins (iHSP70) and the plasmatic extracellular form (eHSP72). Extra-to-intracellular HSP70 ratio (H-index = eHSP70/iHSP70 ratio) represents a candidate biomarker of subclinical health status. This study investigated the effects of moderate- and high-intensity exercise in the HSR and oxidative stress parameters, in obese mice exposed to fine particulate matter (PM). Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018 Jun 1;15(6). Epub 2018 Jun 1.

Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Block MD1, 12 Science Drive 2, #10-01, Singapore 117549, Singapore.

Previous studies in primary care settings showed that brief advice prescribing physical activity for inactive patients could be an effective way to promote physical activity. Park prescription interventions confer health benefits associated with exposure to nature and increased physical activity by recommending park use specifically to increase physical activity in parks. The purpose of this trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of a park prescription intervention for increasing time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) assessed by accelerometry. Read More

Sports Med 2019 Feb 5. Epub 2019 Feb 5.

Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of death worldwide, and percutaneous transluminal coronary angiography (PTCA) and/or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI; angioplasty) are commonly used to diagnose and/or treat the obstructed coronaries. Exercise-based rehabilitation is recommended for all CAD patients; however, most guidelines do not specify when exercise training should commence following PTCA and/or PCI. Catheterization can result in arterial dysfunction and acute injury, and given the fact that exercise, particularly at higher intensities, is associated with elevated inflammatory and oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction and a pro-thrombotic milieu, performing exercise post-PTCA/PCI may transiently elevate the risk of cardiac events. Read More

Lipids Health Dis 2019 Feb 4;18(1):42. Epub 2019 Feb 4.

Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Background: Strong evidence shows that physical inactivity increases the risk of many adverse health conditions, including major non-communicable diseases, such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), metabolic syndrome, and breast and colon cancers, and shortens life expectancy. We aimed to determine the effects of moderate (MCT)- versus high-intensity interval training (HIT) on vascular function parameters in physically inactive adults. We hypothesized that individualized HIT prescription would improve the vascular function parameters more than the MCT in a greater proportion of individuals. Read More

JAMA Pediatr 2019 Feb 4. Epub 2019 Feb 4.

Department of Psychiatry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo.

Importance: Sport-related concussion (SRC) is a significant public health problem without an effective treatment.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of subsymptom threshold aerobic exercise vs a placebo-like stretching program prescribed to adolescents in the acute phase of recovery from SRC.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This multicenter prospective randomized clinical trial was conducted at university concussion centers. Read More

J Sports Sci 2019 Feb 4:1-9. Epub 2019 Feb 4.

a Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport, Faculty of Sport , University of Porto , Porto , Portugal.

Changes in performance, energetics and kinematics during age-group swimmers off-season inform the prescription of training for the following season. Age-group swimmers (n = 15, age 14.3 ± 0. Read More

J Strength Cond Res 2019 Jan 30. Epub 2019 Jan 30.

Pharmacology and Physiology Department School of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.

Soria, M, Ansón, M, Lou-Bonafonte, JM, Andrés-Otero, MJ, Puente, JJ, and Escanero, J. Fat oxidation rate as a function of plasma lipid and hormone response in endurance athletes. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2019-Plasma lipid changes during incremental exercise are not well known. Read More

Eur J Sport Sci 2019 Jan 31:1-9. Epub 2019 Jan 31.

a MUSCULAB - Laboratory of Neuromuscular Adaptations to Resistance Training, Department of Physical Education , Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) , São Carlos , Brazil.

The aim of the present study was to investigate if resistance training (RT), performed with individualized recovery between sessions (RT-IND), promotes greater gains in strength and muscle mass and reduces the variability on adaptations compared to RT with fixed recovery intervals (RT-FIX). Twenty young men (age 21.9 ± 3. Read More

Georgian Med News 2018 Dec(285):69-74

Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University; War Veterans' Regional Clinical Hospital of Kirovograd Regional Council, Ukraine.

Regular physical activity causes many positive effects on the cardiovascular system and improves cardiorespiratory fitness. Long term exercise leads to physiologic remodeling of the heart, including adaptive molecular and cellular reprogramming, that have cardioprotective effect. Aerobic physical activity, the most studied modality with beneficial dose-response effect on prognosis, is recommended for all healthy adults, subjects with coronary risk factors and patients with chronic cardiac diseases. Read More

Sports Med 2019 Jan 30. Epub 2019 Jan 30.

Graduate Program in Physical Activity Sciences, Salgado de Oliveira University, Bloco A, Rua Marechal Deodoro, 217, bloco A, Centro, Niterói, RJ, CEP 24030-060, Brazil.

Background: Institutional position stands are useful for practitioners when designing exercise routines for specific populations. Resistance training has been included in programs for patients with cardiovascular disease.

Objective: The objective of this systematic review was to analyze institutional guidelines providing recommendations for resistance training applied to cardiovascular disease. Read More

J Foot Ankle Res 2019 25;12. Epub 2019 Jan 25.

8York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK.

Background: Guidelines recommend foot orthoses for people with both early (< 2 years) and established rheumatoid arthritis (RA). While prefabricated foot orthoses are cheaper and can exhibit comparable effects to customised devices, the available evidence for their effectiveness is inconsistent. Little is known about what types of foot orthoses clinicians prescribe. Read More

Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019 Jan 25. Epub 2019 Jan 25.

Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Purpose: Exercise intervention studies for brain health can be difficult to interpret due to heterogeneity in exercise intensity, exercise duration, and in adherence to the exercise intervention. This study aimed to characterize heterogeneity in these components in a cohort of healthy middle-aged and older adults who participated in a prescribed six-month supervised aerobic exercise intervention as part of the Brain in Motion (BIM) study.

Methods And Results: Group-based multi-trajectory analysis (GBMTA) was used to characterize variation in the trajectory of exercise intensity and duration for male and female participants in the first three-months of the exercise program. Read More

Phys Ther 2019 Mar;99(3):297-310

Institute of Sport, Physical Education and Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh; and Institute for Clinical Exercise and Health Science, University of the West of Scotland, Hamilton, United Kingdom.

Background: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is the most prevalent musculoskeletal disorder. Aquatic exercises are commonly used by physical therapists for CLBP treatment and management; however, there are no data on trunk muscle activation during aquatic exercises in people with CLBP.

Objective: We quantified activation of trunk and gluteal muscles, exercise intensity, pain, and perceived exertion in people with and without CLBP when performing water and land exercises. Read More

Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2019 Jan 25. Epub 2019 Jan 25.

Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.

The purpose of this paper is to discuss how knowledge of the biomechanics of walking can be used to inform the prescription of resistance exercises for people with mobility limitations. Muscle weakness is a key physical impairment that limits walking in commonly occurring neurological conditions such as cerebral palsy, traumatic brain injury and stroke. Few randomised trials to date have shown conclusively that strength training improves walking in people living with these conditions. Read More

J Strength Cond Res 2019 Feb;33(2):318-326

School of Medical and Health Science, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.

Appleby, BB, Cormack, SJ, and Newton, RU. Specificity and transfer of lower-body strength: Influence of bilateral or unilateral lower-body resistance training. J Strength Cond Res 33(2): 318-326, 2019-To examine the development of lower-body strength using either bilateral or unilateral resistance training. Read More

Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2019 Jan 24. Epub 2019 Jan 24.

University of Queensland, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

High intensity interval training (HIIT) is now recognized in international clinical-based exercise guidelines as an appropriate and beneficial adjunct to moderate intensity continuous training. HIIT involves alternating periods of high intensity aerobic exercise with light recovery exercise or no exercise, allowing for greater physiological stimulus and adaptation than moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) for cardiorespiratory fitness and other cardiometabolic processes. However, there is no universal criteria or framework for the prescription and monitoring of HIIT in clinical populations, and safety concerns remain a common barrier for implementing HIIT as standard care. Read More

Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2019 Jan 24:1-24. Epub 2019 Jan 24.

5 School of Sport and Exercise, University of Gloucestershire, Oxstalls Campus, Gloucester, UK.

Purpose:: To determine if the mathematical model used for the estimation of critical force (CF) and the energy store component W' is applicable to intermittent isometric muscle actions of the finger flexors of rock climbers, using a multi-session test. As a secondary aim, the agreement of estimates of CF and W' from a single-session test were also determined. The CF was defined as the slope coefficient and W' the intercept of the linear relationship between total "isometric work" (W) and time to exhaustion (T). Read More

J Strength Cond Res 2019 Jan 22. Epub 2019 Jan 22.

Graduate Program on Cardiovascular Sciences, Medical Science Center, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Araujo, MP, Soares, PP, Hausen, MR, Julio, HS, Porto, F, and Gurgel, JL. Validity of an interval taekwondo-specific cardiopulmonary exercise test. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2018-The objective of this study is to propose and validate an interval taekwondo-specific cardiopulmonary exercise test (ITKDtest) and compare it with running cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) and a continuous taekwondo-specific cardiopulmonary exercise test (CTKDtest). Read More

J Aging Phys Act 2019 Jan 24:1-26. Epub 2019 Jan 24.

4 Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

This study investigated the influence of cardiac intervention and physical capacity of individuals attending an Australian outpatient cardiac rehabilitation program on the initial exercise prescription. Eighty-five patients commencing outpatient cardiac rehabilitation at a major metropolitan hospital had their physical capacity assessed by an incremental shuttle walk test, and the initial aerobic exercise intensity and resistance training load prescribed were recorded. Physical capacity was lower in surgical patients than non-surgical patients. Read More

Int J Endocrinol 2018 24;2018:3093208. Epub 2018 Dec 24.

Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy.

Med Sci Sports Exerc 2018 Nov 8. Epub 2018 Nov 8.

Western State Colorado University, Recreation and Exercise & Sport Science, Gunnison, CO.

Introduction: Despite knowledge of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) training responders and non-responders, it is not well understood how the exercise intensity prescription impacts the incidence of response. The purpose of this study was to determine CRF training responsiveness based on cohort specific technical error (TE) following 12 weeks of standardized or individually prescribed exercise and the use of a verification protocol to confirm maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max).

Methods: Sedentary adult participants (9 men; 30 women; 48. Read More

Dose Response 2019 Jan-Mar;17(1):1559325818819946. Epub 2019 Jan 6.

Sport and Exercise Science Research Centre, London South Bank University, London, United Kingdom.

Aim: The aim of this study was to characterize acceleration transmission and neuromuscular responses to rotational vibration (RV) and vertical vibration (VV) at different frequencies and amplitudes.

Methods: Twelve healthy males completed 2 experimental trials (RV vs VV) during which vibration was delivered during either squatting (30°; RV vs VV) or standing (RV only) with 20, 25, and 30 Hz, at 1.5 and 3. Read More

BMJ Open 2019 Jan 21;9(1):e025030. Epub 2019 Jan 21.

Department of Pulmonology, Merem Pulmonary Rehabilitation Centre, Hilversum, The Netherlands.

Introduction: Limb muscle dysfunction is a common manifestation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Optimising of limb muscle function is therefore an important goal during pulmonary rehabilitation of patients with COPD. Resistance training (RT) is the best available intervention to achieve this goal. Read More

Exp Physiol 2019 Jan 18. Epub 2019 Jan 18.

School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.

New Findings: What is the central question of this study? Are individual changes in exercise-induced mRNA expression repeatable (i.e. representative of the true response to exercise rather than random error)? What is the main finding and its importance? Exercise-induced changes in mRNA expression are not repeatable even under identical experimental conditions, thereby challenging the use of mRNA expression as a biomarker of adaptive potential and/or individual responsiveness to exercise. Read More

Psychooncology 2019 Jan 18. Epub 2019 Jan 18.

Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Surrey, UK.

Objective: It is well established that exercise and lifestyle behaviours improve men's health outcomes from prostate cancer. With 3.8 million men living with the disease worldwide, the challenge is creating accessible intervention approaches that lead to sustainable lifestyle changes. Read More

J Exerc Rehabil 2018 Dec 27;14(6):1092-1095. Epub 2018 Dec 27.

Department of Kinesiology, College of Natural Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea.

While common characteristics between wearing of high heel between carrying an infant elevate height of center of gravity, it is not known what interaction effect influence to leg stiffness. The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of carrying infant by hip seat carrier on leg mechanics during high heel gait. Adult female (n=9) and infant (n=9) participated as subjects. Read More

PLoS One 2019 17;14(1):e0201196. Epub 2019 Jan 17.

Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester. England.

Introduction: Previous research has shown that statin adherence for the primary prevention of CVD is lower compared to secondary prevention populations. Therefore the aim of this systematic review was to review predictors of statin adherence for the primary prevention of CVD.

Methods: A systematic search of papers published between Jan 1984 and May 2017 was conducted in PubMed, PsycINFO, EMbase and CINAHL databases. Read More

Respirology 2019 Jan 16. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.

This paper aims to provide physiological rationale for airway clearance, mucoactive therapy and pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) (or exercise interventions) in bronchiectasis. There is increasing emphasis on the role of airway clearance techniques (ACT) in the management of bronchiectasis. No single ACT has currently shown superior effect over another. Read More

J Burn Care Res 2019 Jan 9. Epub 2019 Jan 9.

Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston, TX.

Isokinetic dynamometry is used during exercise testing and rehabilitation to obtain a quantitative strength measurement on which progressive strength training programs can be based. This study assesses the test-retest reliability of isokinetic leg function in the knee flexors and extensors at 150 degrees/second in children and young adults with severe burns to be used for rehabilitation exercise program prescription. In 39 severely burned patients (49 ± 14% total body surface area burn [TBSA], mean ± SD; 34 ± 21% TBSA 3 rd degree; 14 ± 5 years, 153. Read More

PLoS One 2019 15;14(1):e0210794. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Department of Community Health Sciences and O'Brien Institute of Public Health, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Objective: To develop key performance indicators that evaluate the effectiveness of a prescription medication system.

Methods: A modified RAND/UCLA appropriateness method was used to develop key performance indicators (KPIs) for a prescription medication system. A broad list of potential KPIs was compiled. Read More

PeerJ 2019 7;7:e6159. Epub 2019 Jan 7.

Department of Kinesiology, California State University, East Bay, Hayward, CA, United States of America.

Background: Regular exercise training stimulates physiological adaptations to improve physical performance, reduce chronic disease risk, and slow age-related cognitive decline. Since the physiological mechanisms responsible for aging-associated cognitive decline are not yet fully understood, and training-induced physiological adaptations responsible for performance measure improvements are specific to the type (aerobic vs. strength) and intensity of training, studies are needed to assess the relationships between physical performance measures and cognitive performance in older adults. Read More

Eur J Prev Cardiol 2019 Jan 14:2047487318820420. Epub 2019 Jan 14.

17 University Cardiology Department and Heart Failure Unit and Cardiopulmonary Laboratory, Cardiology, I.R.C.C.S., Milan, Italy.

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus suffer from dysregulation of a plethora of cardiovascular and metabolic functions, including dysglycaemia, dyslipidaemia, arterial hypertension, obesity and a reduced cardiorespiratory fitness. Exercise training has the potential to improve many of these functions, such as insulin sensitivity, lipid profile, vascular reactivity and cardiorespiratory fitness, particularly in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with cardiovascular comorbidities, such as patients that suffered from an acute myocardial infarction, or after a coronary intervention such as percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass grafting. The present position paper aims to provide recommendations for prescription of exercise training in patients with both type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. Read More

Acta Reumatol Port 2018 Oct-Dec;43(4):256-263

Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa.

Introduction: Knee osteoarthritis(KOA) has a considerable prevalence in obese individuals and recommendations of weight loss for KOA management are gaining greater importance. Exercise is recommended to interrupt the cycle obesity-KOA-pain-inactivity, where walking is the most common exercise pattern recommended for obese individuals who initiate a weight loss exercise program. Thus this study aimed to analyse the factors which can affect the walking capacity in obese adults with symptomatic KOA. Read More

J Strength Cond Res 2019 Mar;33(3):597-605

Department of Exercise Science, Lindenwood University Belleville, Belleville, Illinois.

Fahs, CA, Blumkaitis, JC, and Rossow, LM. Factors related to average concentric velocity of four barbell exercises at various loads. J Strength Cond Res 33(3): 597-605, 2019-The resistance exercise load is the primarily determinant of the average concentric velocity (ACV) during a repetition. Read More

Bone 2019 Jan 8;121:107-115. Epub 2019 Jan 8.

Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Human Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America.

The proximal humerus is a common, yet understudied site for osteoporotic fracture. The current study explored the impact of prolonged physical activity on proximal humerus bone health by comparing bone properties between the throwing and nonthrowing arms within professional baseball players. The proximal humerus in throwing arms had 28. Read More

Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 2019 Jan 11:1-29. Epub 2019 Jan 11.

5 Australian Institute of Sport, Belconnen ACT 2616, Australia.

Over the last decade, in support of training periodization there has been an emergence around the concept of nutritional periodization. Within athletics (track and field), the science and art of periodization is a cornerstone concept with recent commentaries emphasizing the underappreciated complexity associated with predictable performance on demand. Nevertheless, there are numerous training, with varying levels of evidence, that feature sport and event specific purposeful sequencing of different training units [long (macro-cycle; months), medium (meso-cycle; weeks) and short (micro-cycle; days and within-day duration] training cycles and sessions. Read More