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Neurourol Urodyn 2019 Apr 18. Epub 2019 Apr 18.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Aims: To assess the feasibility of a randomized controlled trial of a home-based integrated physical exercise and bladder-training program vs usual care in community-dwelling women with urinary incontinence (UI).

Methods: We conducted a parallel arm, nonblinded, pilot randomized controlled trial of a home-based integrated physical exercise and bladder training with urge suppression and fall prevention program (ExerciseUP) vs usual care in women aged 65 and older with UI. Outcomes included feasibility (process, resources, management, and acceptability), urinary symptoms, and falls risk using self-administered questionnaires. Read More

Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2019 29;14:767-774. Epub 2019 Mar 29.

Normandie University, UNIROUEN, UPRES EA 3830, Rouen University Hospital, Haute Normandie Research and Biomedical Innovation, Rouen, France,

Purpose: There are many barriers to pulmonary rehabilitation, including a limited access to evaluation centers. To cope with these difficulties, field tests are often used to prescribe endurance training. As field tests are related to muscle strength, they could also be used to prescribe strength training and increase the access to pulmonary rehabilitation in rural area. Read More

Sports Health 2019 Apr 15:1941738119834985. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Spain.

Background: The execution of resistance exercise against heavy loads promotes an acute intraocular pressure (IOP) rise, which has detrimental effects on ocular health. However, the effect of load on the IOP behavior during exercise remains unknown due to technical limitations.

Hypotheses: IOP monitoring during isometric squat exercise permits assessment of IOP behavior during physical effort. Read More

Wien Klin Wochenschr 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Österreichische Gesellschaft für Public Health, Wien, Österreich.

Lifestyle in general and particularly health enhancing physical activity is known to be an important component in the prevention and therapy of type 2 diabetes mellitus.To gain substantial health benefits a minimum of 150 min of moderate or vigorous intense aerobic physical activity and muscle strengthening activities per week are needed. Additionally, inactivity should be recognised as health hazard and prolonged episodes of sitting should be avoided. Read More

Trials 2019 Apr 11;20(1):208. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, 1495-687, Cruz Quebrada, Portugal.

Background: Benefits from cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs are evidence-based and widely recognized. Less than 50% of people who participate in hospital-based CR programs maintain an exercise regime for as long as six months after completion. Little is known about interventions making the patients continue to exercise after the hospital-based formal program has ended. Read More

Semin Dial 2019 Apr 9. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

School of Sport Health and Exercise Sciences, Bangor University, Wales, UK.

Dialysis adequacy is an independent predictor of high mortality rates in hemodialysis patients. Intradialytic exercise is a potential strategy to increase uremic solute removal by increasing blood flow to low perfusion tissue beds. The purpose of this review is to establish the efficacy of intradialytic exercise for hemodialysis adequacy. Read More

Wien Klin Wochenschr 2019 Apr 8;131(7-8):165-173. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

Department for Cardiology, Hospital Hietzing, Wolkersbergenstraße 1, 1130, Vienna, Austria.

Objective: Assessment of treatment routine and outcome for ranolazine in clinical practice as second-line treatment for stable angina pectoris (AP).

Design And Setting: Multicenter, prospective, uncontrolled, non-interventional study at 88 sites including internal specialists, cardiologists, pneumologists, angiologists and primary care practices in Austria.

Participants: In this study 292 patients receiving ranolazine in the course of routine treatment on top of beta blockers or calcium channel blockers after failure of first-line therapy. Read More

J Clin Med 2019 Apr 5;8(4). Epub 2019 Apr 5.

Departament of Physiotherapy, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain.

There is a lack of knowledge with regard to the adherence to different types of exercises prescribed for children with disabilities. The aim was to examine parents' adherence to prescriptions of different types of home exercises; to identify associated factors related to the parents, the children and the environment, and to assess the relative influence of the behaviour of health professionals. Parents (393) were recruited from 18 early intervention centres. Read More

J Public Health (Oxf) 2019 Apr 8. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

School of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Gloucestershire, Gloucestershire, UK.

Background: Arts on prescription interventions have grown in number in recent years with a corresponding evidence base in support. Despite the growth and presence of these interventions, there have been no evaluations to date as to what factors predict patient success within these referral schemes.

Methods: Using the largest cohort of patient data to date in the field (N = 1297), we set out to understand those factors that are associated with attendance, programme engagement and wellbeing change of patients. Read More

BMC Cancer 2019 Apr 5;19(1):321. Epub 2019 Apr 5.

School of Nursing, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.

Background: The purpose of this review is to update previously published reviews on exercise programming in exercise trials in prostate cancer survivors. We evaluated: 1) the application of the principles of exercise training in prescribed programs; 2) the reporting of the components of the exercise prescription; and 3) the reporting of adherence of participants to the prescribed programs.

Methods: Building upon a previous review, a systematic review was conducted searching OVID Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus databases from 2012-2017. Read More

Eur J Appl Physiol 2019 Apr 4. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Applied Neuromuscular Physiology Laboratory, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.

Purpose: This study examined the time course of contralateral adaptations in maximal isometric strength (MVC), rate of force development (RFD), and rate of electromyographic (EMG) rise (RER) during 4 weeks of unilateral isometric strength training with the non-dominant elbow flexors.

Methods: Twenty participants were allocated to strength training (n = 10, three female, two left hand dominant) or control (n = 10, three female, two left hand dominant) groups. Both groups completed testing at baseline and following each week of training to evaluate MVC strength, EMG amplitude, RFD and RER at early (RFD, RER) and late (RFD, RER) contraction phases for the dominant 'untrained' elbow flexors. Read More

J Clin Nurs 2019 Apr 2. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

Deakin University, School of Nursing& Midwifery.

Aims And Objectives: To identify evidence for a recommended and feasible activity dose to minimise functional decline in older hospitalised general medical patients.

Background: Quality 24-hour care of older patients involves balancing activity to minimise functional decline, with rest to aid recovery. However, there is limited guidance regarding an optimal type and dose of activity to minimise functional decline in hospitalised elders receiving acute medical care. Read More

Complement Ther Med 2019 Apr 8;43:271-276. Epub 2019 Feb 8.

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA.

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to examine the characteristics of various types of meditation use (i.e., mantra, mindful, and spiritual meditation) among U. Read More

Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2019 Mar 30. Epub 2019 Mar 30.

Centre for Health, Exercise and Sports Medicine, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Objectives: Explore therapeutic alliance between physiotherapists and patients with knee osteoarthritis during telephone consultations. Specifically, i) describe and compare physiotherapist and patient ratings; ii) determine if alliance changes over time, and; iii) evaluate if individual characteristics are associated with alliance.

Methods: Secondary analysis of 84 patients in the intervention arm of a randomised controlled trial who completed 5-10 consultations with one of 8 physiotherapists via telephone over 26 weeks, involving education, advice, and prescription of a strengthening and physical activity program. Read More

J Am Dent Assoc 2019 Apr;150(4):259-268.e1

Background: Dentists contribute to the prevailing opioid epidemic in the United States. Concerning the population enrolled in Medicaid, little is known about dentists' opioid prescribing.

Methods: The authors performed a retrospective cohort study of beneficiaries of Medicaid in Washington state with dental claims in 2014 and 2015. Read More

Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019 Mar 25. Epub 2019 Mar 25.

Univ Lyon, UJM-Saint-Etienne, Inter-university Laboratory of Human Movement Sciences, EA7424, Saint-Etienne, France.

Purpose: While strenuous exercise may expose sickle cell disease (SCD) patients to risks of vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC), evidence suggests that regular endurance exercise may be beneficial. To test i) the safety and usefulness of a submaximal incremental exercise in evaluating physical ability of SCD patients and identify a marker for the management of endurance exercise, and ii) the feasibility of endurance exercise sessions in SCD patients.

Methods: Twenty adults with sickle cell disease (12 men and 8 women) performed a submaximal incremental exercise stopped as soon as blood lactate concentration ([lactate]b) reached ≥ 4 mmolL and used to determine the first lactate threshold (LT1). Read More

Gait Posture 2019 Mar 15;70:270-274. Epub 2019 Mar 15.

Central Remedial Clinic, Vernon Avenue, Clontarf, Dublin 3, Ireland; School of Physiotherapy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland.

Background: Reduced lumbo-pelvic postural control is a common feature of gait in children with Cerebral Palsy (CP). These features are commonly attributed to insufficiency of the hip musculature as well as underlying bony geometry. Exercises aimed at strengthening the hip muscles are frequently prescribed in children with Cerebral Palsy (CP). Read More

Semin Dial 2019 Mar 22. Epub 2019 Mar 22.

Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois.

Skeletal muscle loss is the most important hallmark of protein energy wasting syndrome as it contributes to declines in physical independence, poor quality of life, and higher mortality risk in individuals with ESRD on maintenance hemodialysis (HD). As such, exercise and nutritional interventions have been investigated with the goal to preserve skeletal muscle mass and overall quality of life. Unfortunately, current efforts are unable to confirm the capacity of exercise to mitigate ESRD-associated muscle wasting. Read More

Expert Rev Respir Med 2019 Mar 22:1-10. Epub 2019 Mar 22.

d La Trobe University and Alfred Health , Melbourne , Vic , Australia.

Introduction: The complex multisystem nature of cystic fibrosis (CF) commonly results in reduced exercise tolerance, which is independently associated with poor clinical outcomes. Exercise is routinely recommended as part of the therapeutic regimen in CF to improve both respiratory and non-respiratory impairments. Areas covered: This article summarises the most recent evidence regarding the use of exercise as a therapeutic intervention in CF and discusses some of the practical considerations for exercise prescription in this setting. Read More

Int J Exerc Sci 2019 1;12(4):245-255. Epub 2019 Mar 1.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, Knoxville, TN, USA.

High-intensity circuit training (HICT) using body weight as resistance is a popular fitness trend and an ideal exercise modality in terms of functionality and economy. Given the popularity of HICT, evidence suggests that sex may elicit unique physiological and perceptual responses to this mode of exercise and there is a need for further work in this area. The purpose of this study was to examine physiological and perceptual responses of females and males to HICT using body weight resistance exercise. Read More

Int J Exerc Sci 2019 1;12(3):505-514. Epub 2019 Mar 1.

School of Sport Science and Wellness Education, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, USA.

The purpose of this exploratory study was twofold: to determine whether exercise science and medical students are aware of the Exercise is Medicine (EIM) program and to construct a tool that would permit assessment of EIM variables with students enrolled in both programs. The study consisted of a quantitative, cross-sectional design, using a self-report electronic questionnaire. An Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) using principal component analysis extraction method with Varimax factor rotation was employed to validate the survey instrument based on the expected constructs, which posited five (5) contending factors: Value, Familiarity, Preparedness, Curricular Perceptions, and Opinions. Read More

Int J Exerc Sci 2019 1;12(2):57-68. Epub 2019 Mar 1.

Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Sports Medicine Unit, Umeå University, Gösta Skoglunds Väg 3, Sweden.

The response of blood lactate concentration (BLC) to exercise is a commonly used approach to set training intensities and to determine the anaerobic threshold, which are important in evaluation of endurance exercise performance. The maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) is defined as the highest workload or BLC that can be maintained without continual lactate accumulation over time. The aim of this study was to investigate MLSS in the cross-country skiing sub-technique double poling and to assess the validity of a fixed blood lactate threshold (OBLA and the 45° tangent of the lactate curve). Read More

Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi 2019 Mar;35(3):198-204

Burn Institute of PLA, Department of Burn Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.

To assess the cognitive level of first aid knowledge regarding the small area burn among the child caregivers in Shanghai and improve the level of first aid for small area burn in children. From November 2017 to March 2018, 7 municipal districts in Shanghai were selected according to the random number table, from which 2 750 students of 4 nurseries, 5 kindergartens, 6 primary schools, and 2 junior middle schools were selected by adopting the convenience sampling method. Each student was limited to one caregiver as the research object. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Mar;98(12):e14958

School of Health Sciences, Saitama Prefectural University, Saitama, Japan.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between knee extension strength and gait performance with walking aids and the threshold level of strength to predict gait performance with walking aids in patients with dementia using ordinal logistic modeling.This cross-sectional, observational correlation study was conducted in 56 hospital inpatients with dementia. Knee extensor strength was measured using a hand-held dynamometer. Read More

Br J Sports Med 2019 Mar 20. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

College of Pharmacy and Division of Life & Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate School, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Objective: Pharmacy services at large multisport events support safe and effective medication use. Our aim is to describe the contribution of pharmacists and to share the pharmacy experiences at the 2018 PyeongChang Olympic and Paralympic Games.

Methods: The data collected included the accreditation details of patients and prescribers indicating: sport, country, athlete or non-athlete status, and prescription details including: medication, strength, frequency, length of treatment, for the period of the Olympic Games (1-26 February 2018) and the Paralympic Games (5-20 March 2018). Read More

J Phys Act Health 2019 Apr 20;16(4):288-293. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

Background: Exercise referral schemes (ERSs) support inactive adults, who have chronic health conditions, to become physically active. Uncertainty exists regarding the effectiveness of ERSs, with few studies evaluating their long-term impact. The aims of this study were to evaluate the long-term impact (12 mo) of participation in an ERS on self-reported physical activity (PA) and a range of health-related outcomes. Read More

Eur J Prev Cardiol 2019 Mar 19:2047487319838221. Epub 2019 Mar 19.

5 Department of Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Germany.

Background: Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation has a class 1A recommendation in coronary artery disease and heart failure based on its beneficial effects on mortality, morbidity and quality of life. However, the inter-individual response to exercise training is highly variable and influenced by both training and patient characteristics. Notably, men and women display a different training response, even when accounting for age, height and lean muscle mass. Read More

Br J Sports Med 2019 Mar 16. Epub 2019 Mar 16.

Department of Biomedical Sciences, University Of Copenhagen, København N, Denmark.

Objectives: To evaluate effects of active bike commuting or leisure-time exercise of two intensities on peripheral insulin sensitivity (primary outcome), cardiorespiratory fitness and intra-abdominal adipose tissue mass (secondary outcomes).

Methods: 188 physically inactive, healthy women and men (20-45 years) with overweight or class 1 obesity were recruited. In the 6-month trial, 130 participants were randomised to either: no intervention (CON), active commuting (BIKE) or leisure-time exercise of moderate (MOD, 50% VOpeak) or vigorous (VIG, 70% VOpeak) intensity. Read More

Mil Med 2019 Mar 16. Epub 2019 Mar 16.

Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, 305 Annie and John Glenn Avenue, Columbus, OH.

Introduction: Ketogenic diets (KDs) that elevate ketones into a range referred to as nutritional ketosis represent a possible nutrition approach to address the emerging physical readiness and obesity challenge in the military. An emerging body of evidence demonstrates broad-spectrum health benefits attributed to being in nutritional ketosis, but no studies have specifically explored the use of a KD in a military population using daily ketone monitoring to personalize the diet prescription.

Materials And Methods: To evaluate the feasibility, metabolic, and performance responses of an extended duration KD, healthy adults (n = 29) from various military branches participated in a supervised 12-wk exercise training program. Read More

Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2019 Mar 15. Epub 2019 Mar 15.

University of Montreal , Department of Kinesiology , CP 6128 , Montr�al, Quebec, Canada , H3C 3J7 ;

Currently, exercise prescription relies heavily on parameters included in the FITT principle: frequency, intensity, time (duration), and type of exercise. In this paper, the benefits of including timing (FITT+T), referring to when exercise is performed in relation to meal-time, is discussed. Current research indicates that timing is outcome specific. Read More

J Am Med Dir Assoc 2019 Mar 11. Epub 2019 Mar 11.

Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (IUGM), CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Département des Sciences de l'Activité Physique, Faculté des Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada. Electronic address:

Background: Older patients experience increased loss of mobility after hospitalization, largely because of physical disabilities and inactivity. There are, however, no current recommendations for prescribing physical activity (PA) at hospital discharge.

Objectives: Develop a decisional tree for the systematic prescription of an individualized, adapted, nonsupervised home-based PA program for older adults after hospital discharge; investigate its feasibility, acceptability, and safety; and estimate its efficacy at improving physical function and mobility. Read More

Sports Med 2019 May;49(5):731-742

Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Research Nucleus in Health, Physical Activity and Sport, Laboratory of Measurement and Assessment in Sport, University of Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile.

Background: Small-sided games have been suggested as a viable alternative to conventional endurance training to enhance endurance performance in youth soccer players. This has important implications for long-term athlete development because it suggests that players can increase aerobic endurance through activities that closely resemble their sport of choice.

Objectives: The objectives of this meta-analysis were to compare male youth soccer players' adaptability to small-sided games vs. Read More

Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2019 Mar 12:1-21. Epub 2019 Mar 12.

a School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia.

Purpose:: To determine the reliability and validity of a power-prescribed on-water graded exercise test (GXT) for flat-water sprint kayak athletes.

Methods:: Nine well-trained sprint kayak athletes performed three GXTs in a repeated measures design. The initial GXT was performed on a stationary kayak ergometer in the laboratory (LAB). Read More

CNS Spectr 2019 Feb;24(1):182-183

1Psychiatrist,Department of Psychiatry,Santa Creu and Sant Pau Hospital;Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB),Barcelona,Spain.

Rate of treatment non-compliance in schizophrenia, like in other chronic diseases. Long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics have proven to be more effective than orals in reducing the number of recurrences. Although the perception of LAIs has changed over the last few years with the introduction of new molecules, there might be prejudices regarding these formulations within the mental health professionals community. Read More

Sports Med 2019 May;49(5):669-682

Flinders University, Social Health Sciences, Adelaide, SA, Australia.

Whilst the "acute hypothesis" was originally coined to describe the detrimental effects of concurrent training on strength development, similar physiological processes may occur when endurance training adaptations are compromised. There is a growing body of research indicating that typical resistance exercises impair neuromuscular function and endurance performance during periods of resistance training-induced muscle damage. Furthermore, recent evidence suggests that the attenuating effects of resistance training-induced muscle damage on endurance performance are influenced by exercise intensity, exercise mode, exercise sequence, recovery and contraction velocity of resistance training. Read More

J Strength Cond Res 2019 Mar 5. Epub 2019 Mar 5.

School of Medical and Health Science, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia.

Appleby, BB, Cormack, SJ, and Newton, RU. Unilateral and bilateral lower-body resistance training does not transfer equally to sprint and change of direction performance. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2018-Given maximal strength can be developed using bilateral or unilateral resistance training, the purpose of this study was to determine the magnitude of transfer of unilateral or bilateral resistance training to sprint and change of direction (COD) performance. Read More

Rev Salud Publica (Bogota) 2018 Jul-Aug;20(4):460-464

GB: MD. M. Sc Epidemiologia. Fundación para la producción y gestión del conocimiento. Cali, Colombia.

Objective : To determine the factors associated with adherence to physical activity in patients with chronic non-communicable diseases (CND) in the Ladera health network of the municipality of Santiago de Cali.

Methods : A case-control study was conducted with 268 adults diagnosed with diabetes, high blood pressure or obesity, 134 cases and 134 controls, treated at the Empresa Social del Estado (E.S. Read More

J Clin Med 2019 Mar 5;8(3). Epub 2019 Mar 5.

Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation Program, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M4G 1R7, Canada.

While cardiorespiratory fitness (VO₂peak) can be improved with exercise and training, it is unclear whether older age is associated with an attenuated VO₂peak improvement among patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) who complete a cardiac rehabilitation (CR) program. A retrospective review of patient demographics and VO₂peak data from January 2012 to December 2017 was performed. CAD patients were included if they had successfully completed the supervised 6-month CR program (>75% of exercise prescription) and two VO₂peak assessments (respiratory exchange ratio (RER) >1. Read More

J Sports Sci 2019 Mar 5:1-9. Epub 2019 Mar 5.

a Studies, Research and Sport Medicine Centre (CEIMD) , Government of Navarre , Pamplona , Spain.

This study aimed to estimate the maximal lactate steady-state velocity (MLSS) from non-invasive bloodless variables and/or blood lactate-related thresholds (BLTs) measured during an Incremental submaximal Shuttle Test (IST), and to determine whether the addition of a Constant Velocity Test (CVT) could improve the estimation. Seventy-five postmenopausal women conducted an IST to determine several BLTs and bloodless variables, and two to seven CVTs to determine MLSS. Determined BLTs were conventionally used lactate threshold (LT) measured either visually (LT) or mathematically (LE), and 0. Read More

J Clin Med 2019 Mar 1;8(3). Epub 2019 Mar 1.

School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.

Patients with known vascular disease are at increased risk for cognitive impairments. Exercise has been shown to improve cognition in healthy elderly populations and those with mild cognitive impairments. We explored the literature to understand exercise as a modality to improve cognition in those with vascular disease, focusing on dose-responses. Read More

Aust N Z J Public Health 2019 Apr 4;43(2):190-196. Epub 2019 Mar 4.

School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, New Zealand.

Objective: Direct-to-consumer advertising of prescription medicines encourages individuals to search for or request advertised medicines, can stimulate taking medications rather than making lifestyle behaviour changes, and may target individuals with poorer demographic and socioeconomic status and riskier health-related behaviours. This study thus explored whether responses to medicine advertising vary as a function of lifestyle behaviours, and demographic and socioeconomic factors.

Methods: Data were collected through an online survey of a nationally representative sample of 2,057 adults in New Zealand. Read More

Musculoskeletal Care 2019 Mar 1. Epub 2019 Mar 1.

Centre for Health, Exercise and Sports Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to explore the attitudes of individuals with knee osteoarthritis (OA) towards the role of physiotherapists in weight management in knee OA.

Methods: The study took the form of a qualitative semi-structured telephone interview study. Participants included 13 purposively sampled individuals with symptomatic knee OA who were overweight or obese by body mass index. Read More

J Binocul Vis Ocul Motil 2019 Jan-Mar;69(1):30-33. Epub 2019 Mar 1.

c Department of Ophthalmology , SMS Medical College , Jaipur , India.

Purpose: To determine the efficacy of Smartphone-based exercises in conjunction with modified glasses prescription in the treatment of convergence insufficiency and fusion weakness.

Methods: A total of 150 patients using glasses and having asthenopia between 15 and 30 years of age were subjected to thorough eye examination including binocular vision testing and refraction. Of them 26 individuals were found to have convergence insufficiency with fusion weakness and exophoria >6 pd. Read More

Physiother Theory Pract 2019 Mar 1:1-7. Epub 2019 Mar 1.

a Department of Physical Therapy , Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) , Presidente Prudente , São Paulo , Brazil.

Background: Prescription of exercise training in subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains a challenge in clinical practice. The heart rate deflection point (HRDP) is an option to reduce costs, reflects the anaerobic threshold and it is noninvasive; however its applicability in COPD is still unknown.

Aim: To compare HRDP with gas exchange threshold values (GET) in subjects with COPD. Read More

BMJ Open 2019 Feb 27;9(2):e025723. Epub 2019 Feb 27.

Research Team for Promoting Independence of the Elderly, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan.

Introduction: Resistance training (RT) and nutritional supplementation seem to have beneficial effects on muscle properties and physical performance in older adults. However, the reported effects of specific RT programmes and supplementation prescriptions vary among studies. The present study aims to examine the acute and residual effects of RT and/or beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB) supplementation on muscle mass, muscle strength and physical performance in older women with reduced muscle mass. Read More

PLoS One 2019 27;14(2):e0212168. Epub 2019 Feb 27.

Melbourne School of Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.

A large body of evidence demonstrates that resistance training has been ineffective for improving walking outcomes in adults with neurological conditions. However, evidence suggests that previous studies have not aligned resistance exercise prescription to muscle function when walking. The main aim of this study was to determine whether a training seminar for clinicians could improve knowledge of gait and align resistance exercise prescription to the biomechanics of gait and muscle function for walking. Read More

PLoS One 2019 27;14(2):e0212085. Epub 2019 Feb 27.

Institute for Sport, Physical Activity and Leisure, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, United Kingdom.

This aims of this study were (I) to determine the velocity variable and regression model which best fit the load-velocity relationship during the free-weight prone bench pull exercise, (II) to compare the reliability of the velocity attained at each percentage of the one-repetition maximum (1RM) between different velocity variables and regression models, and (III) to compare the within- and between-subject variability of the velocity attained at each %1RM. Eighteen men (14 rowers and four weightlifters) performed an incremental test during the free-weight prone bench pull exercise in two different sessions. General and individual load-velocity relationships were modelled through three velocity variables (mean velocity [MV], mean propulsive velocity [MPV] and peak velocity [PV]) and two regression models (linear and second-order polynomial). Read More

Prim Care Diabetes 2019 Feb 23. Epub 2019 Feb 23.

University of South Carolina College of Pharmacy, 715 Sumter Street, Columbia, SC 29208, United States. Electronic address:

Aims: To assess the effect of regular exercise on health care utilization patterns and expenses in a real-world national sample of overweight and obese US adults with diabetes.

Methods: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data (2010-2015) identified adults with diabetes and a body mass index (kg/m) ≥25. Two groups were created: exercise (moderate or vigorous physical activity >30min at least five times weekly) and non-exercise groups. Read More

Physiol Behav 2019 Feb 22. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu em Educação Física, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil. Electronic address:

Background: Running velocity associated with VOmax (vVOmax) is a parameter widely used for exercise prescription and is related to endurance performance. However, the vVOmax determination usually requires a maximal effort test and equipped laboratory for expired gas analysis, what make difficulty its assessment.

Objective: We aimed to test the validity of a simple method of vVOmax prediction through the heart rate cost of running (HRC) in a submaximal 6-min running test, both in treadmill and in a 400-meter track. Read More

Am J Vet Res 2019 Mar;80(3):284-293

OBJECTIVE To determine whether the lactate threshold of dogs could be determined by a visual method and to assess the extent of agreement and bias among treadmill velocities for the lactate threshold as determined by visual (LTv) and polynomial (LTp) methods, glucose threshold as determined by visual (GTv) and polynomial (GTp) methods, and heart rate deflection point (HRdp) as a method for estimating the aerobic capacity of dogs. ANIMALS 18 healthy adult Beagles. PROCEDURES Each dog underwent a standardized incremental treadmill exercise test once. Read More