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Neuropsychopharmacology 2020 Jul 12. Epub 2020 Jul 12.

Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA.

Advances in digital technologies and data analytics have created unparalleled opportunities to assess and modify health behavior and thus accelerate the ability of science to understand and contribute to improved health behavior and health outcomes. Digital health data capture the richness and granularity of individuals' behavior, the confluence of factors that impact behavior in the moment, and the within-individual evolution of behavior over time. These data may contribute to discovery science by revealing digital markers of health/risk behavior as well as translational science by informing personalized and timely models of intervention delivery. Read More

J Pediatr Nurs 2020 Jul 9;55:40-74. Epub 2020 Jul 9.

Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10(th) Ave., Miami, FL 33136, United States of America. Electronic address:

Introduction: African American children with asthma demonstrate significant health disparities and poor health outcomes. Understanding the burdens faced by parents and caregivers of children with asthma may be helpful to develop future interventions to address this disparity.

Purpose: The purpose of this integrative review was to reveal the barriers and facilitators of child asthma management experienced by African American caregivers. Read More

J Surg Educ 2020 Jul 8. Epub 2020 Jul 8.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University Health, Richmond, Virginia.

Objective: Medical trainees often have a process in place to receive feedback from clinical faculty regarding overall performance. While there is guidance on effective methodologies for faculty to provide feedback for learners, there is a dearth of literature analyzing trainees' evaluation of faculty performance. We sought to identify an effective and anonymous method for surgery residents to evaluate clinical faculty. Read More

Drug Alcohol Depend 2020 Jun 27;214:108137. Epub 2020 Jun 27.

RAND Corporation, 4570 Fifth Ave #600, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.

Objective: Characterize the state of the science in opioid policy research based on a literature review of opioid policy studies.

Methods: We conducted a scoping review of studies evaluating the impact of U.S. Read More

Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2020 Jul 10. Epub 2020 Jul 10.

Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge & Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK.

Background: The Idea, Development, Exploration, Assessment and Long-term study (IDEAL) framework was created to provide a structured way for assessing and evaluating novel surgical techniques and devices.

Objectives: The aim of this paper was to investigate the utilization of the IDEAL framework within neurosurgery, and to identify factors influencing implementation.

Methods: A bibliometric analysis of the 7 key IDEAL papers on Scopus, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases (2009-2019) was performed. Read More

BMC Nephrol 2020 Jul 10;21(1):263. Epub 2020 Jul 10.

Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Background: The currently available data with respect to the association between vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism and risk to urolithiasis are inconclusive and inconsistent. Hence, an exhaustive meta-analysis can solve the discrepancies and provide a hint for upcoming investigations. Herein, a meta-analysis was carried out to attain a conclusive estimate of the association between VDR gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and urolithiasis risk. Read More

Hum Reprod 2020 Jul 10. Epub 2020 Jul 10.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Study Question: Can we develop a web-based sex education programme (programme running in a web browser) that addresses the needs of subfertile couples who are advised expectant management for at least 6 months?

Summary Answer: The 'Pleasure & Pregnancy' programme addresses couples' needs, is likely to improve couples' sexual functioning, and is subsequently hypothesised to improve the chance of natural pregnancy.

What Is Known Already: According to professional guidelines (e.g. Read More

J Interprof Care 2020 Jul 10:1-10. Epub 2020 Jul 10.

OT Collective , Melbourne, Vic, Australia.

There is emerging evidence on the value of interprofessional education (IPE) for health professional students; however, there is less focus on assessing students on IPE experiences in clinical placement contexts. Researchers have focused on student attitudes to, or readiness for, IPE. Multiple other elements need to be assessed, including formative student assessment, profession-specific competency standards, and students' interprofessional (IP) capabilities. Read More

BMC Health Serv Res 2020 Jul 9;20(1):629. Epub 2020 Jul 9.

The First Affiliate Hospital of Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China.

Background: Medical endoscope is widely used in clinical practice for the purpose of diagnosis and treatment, occupying around 5% of the medical device market. Evaluating the true service level of medical endoscope is essential and necessary to improve overall performance of medical diagnosis and treatment, and to maintain competitiveness of endoscope manufacturers, however, such a tool is not available in the market. This study develops an Evaluation Index System (EIS) to assess service level of medical endoscope, and to provide suggestions for improving the service level through the Delphi method. Read More

J Behav Addict 2020 Jul 7. Epub 2020 Jul 7.

6Center of Excellence in Behavioral Medicine, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.

Background And Aims: Excessive use of electronic devices has become a major global problem. However, little is known about the development and current landscape of research concerning this field. This study aimed at exploring the overall publication trend and topics of research on the overuse of electronic devices and the Internet from 1971 to 2017. Read More

Transfusion 2020 Jul 8. Epub 2020 Jul 8.

Transfusion Medicine, NHS Blood and Transplant, Oxford, UK.

Every day, new surveys are planned, distributed, or reported by health care professionals. Surveys are an inexpensive and convenient research tool used with increasing frequency as an approach to gather and collate information on attitudes and behaviors for a specific topic. However, surveys can squander the valuable time of respondents who may derive little, if any, benefit from participation. Read More

Intensive Crit Care Nurs 2020 Jul 5:102899. Epub 2020 Jul 5.

Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, "Magna Graecia" University, Catanzaro, Italy. Electronic address:

Background: Early enteral nutrition (EN) and prone position may both improve the outcome of patients affected by moderate to severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Recent guidelines suggest to administer early EN also during prone position. However, EN intolerance, such as high residual gastric volumes, regurgitation or vomiting, may occur during pronation. Read More

BMC Infect Dis 2020 Jul 8;20(1):482. Epub 2020 Jul 8.

Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.

Background: Persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is endorsed by the World Health Organization as an intermediate endpoint for evaluating HPV vaccine effectiveness/efficacy. There are different approaches to estimate the vaccine effectiveness/efficacy against persistent HPV infections.

Methods: We performed a systematic literature search in Pubmed to identify statistical approaches that have been used to estimate the vaccine effectiveness/efficacy against persistent HPV infections. Read More

J Palliat Med 2020 Jul 8. Epub 2020 Jul 8.

Palliative Care Program, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Santa Monica, California, USA.

The medical profession increasingly recognizes the growing need to educate nonpalliative physicians in palliative care. This study aims to provide a scoping review of the primary palliative care (PPC) education currently available to graduate medical trainees in primary and specialty tracks. Studies of PPC interventions in U. Read More

Nutrients 2020 Jul 6;12(7). Epub 2020 Jul 6.

Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.

Domestic cooking education programs are typically designed to improve an individual's food and cooking skills, although not necessarily diet quality. Currently, there are no comprehensive models to guide the planning, implementation and evaluation of domestic cooking education programs that focus on improving diet and health. Our aim was to address this through development of the Cooking Education ("Cook-Ed") model, using the PRECEDE-PROCEED model as the underlying Cook-Ed framework. Read More

J Healthc Manag 2020 Jul-Aug;65(4):256-264

University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.

Executive Summary: Even while making progress toward improved health outcomes, the United States is facing health disparities, increasing rates of chronic diseases, and rising healthcare costs. Health systems and organizations understand the positive impact that addressing social determinants of health (SDOH) can have on population health outcomes and cost savings, yet barriers exist to SDOH initiatives because of a lack of standardization and a clear framework. This essay proposes six steps for various types of healthcare organizations to take to achieve their unique SDOH goals. Read More

Ir J Psychol Med 2020 Jun 21;37(2):126-133. Epub 2016 Nov 21.

Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Limerick, Limerick, Republic of Ireland.

Introduction: The direct involvement of patients and carers in psychiatric education is driven by policy in the United Kingdom and Ireland. The benefits of this involvement are well known, however, it is important to consider the ethical aspects. This paper suggests how further research could explore and potentially mitigate adverse outcomes. Read More

Chem Res Toxicol 2020 Jul 8. Epub 2020 Jul 8.

Transcriptomic approaches can give insight into molecular mechanisms underlying chemical toxicity and are increasingly being used as part of toxicological assessments. To aid the interpretation of transcriptomic data we have developed a systems toxicology method that relies on a computable biological network model. We created the first network model describing cardiotoxicity in zebrafish larvae - a valuable emerging model species in testing cardiotoxicity associated with drugs and chemicals. Read More

Addict Biol 2020 Jul 7:e12936. Epub 2020 Jul 7.

Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), UGC Salud Mental, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain.

Addiction is defined as the repeated exposure and compulsive seek of psychotropic drugs that, despite the harmful effects, generate relapse after the abstinence period. The psychophysiological processes associated with drug addiction (acquisition/expression, withdrawal, and relapse) imply important alterations in neurotransmission and changes in presynaptic and postsynaptic plasticity and cellular structure (neuroadaptations) in neurons of the reward circuits (dopaminergic neuronal activity) and other corticolimbic regions. These neuroadaptation mechanisms imply important changes in neuronal energy balance and protein synthesis machinery. Read More

Geriatr Orthop Surg Rehabil 2020 26;11:2151459320935094. Epub 2020 Jun 26.

Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Pain and Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Introduction: Based upon the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data, iron deficiency anemia is the cause of at least 20% of cases of anemia in adults over the age of 65. This is especially relevant in patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery as substantial perioperative blood loss is possible, leading to a high rate of allogeneic blood transfusion in total hip replacements, total knee replacements, and hip fracture repairs.

Significance: The results of this systematic review may be of interest to clinicians and hospital administrators evaluating the clinical efficacy and cost effectiveness of intravenous (IV) iron administration prior to major orthopedic surgery. Read More

J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2020 Jun 22;26:e20190101. Epub 2020 Jun 22.

Department of Infectology, Dermatology, Imaging Diagnosis and Radiotherapy, Botucatu Medical School (FMB), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.

Venous ulcers are the main causes of chronic lower-limb ulcers. The healing difficulties encourage the research and development of new products in order to achieve better therapeutic results. Fibrin sealant is one of these alternatives. Read More

BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2020 Jul 7;20(1):150. Epub 2020 Jul 7.

Institute of Digital Healthcare, International Digital Laboratory, WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.

Background: Patients with diabetes are at an increased risk of readmission and mortality when discharged from hospital. Existing research identifies statistically significant risk factors that are thought to underpin these outcomes. Increasingly, these risk factors are being used to create risk prediction models, and target risk modifying interventions. Read More

Antibiotics (Basel) 2020 Jul 4;9(7). Epub 2020 Jul 4.

Naval Medical Research Center, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA.

The advent and increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance commensurate with the absence of novel antibiotics on the horizon raises the specter of untreatable infections. Phages have been safely administered to thousands of patients exhibiting signals of efficacy in many experiencing infections refractory to antecedent antibiotics. Topical phage therapy may represent a convenient and efficacious treatment modality for chronic refractory infected cutaneous wounds spanning all classifications including venous stasis, burn-mediated, and diabetic ulcers. Read More

J Clin Med 2020 Jul 3;9(7). Epub 2020 Jul 3.

2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland.

The aim of this review was to summarize the available evidence about the use of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) as a contraceptive method in nulliparous women. For this purpose, studies evaluating the efficacy, safety, bleeding pattern, satisfaction and discontinuation of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system in nulliparous women were analyzed. Only original research articles published in English between 1990-27th March 2020 were considered eligible. Read More

Nutrients 2020 Jul 3;12(7). Epub 2020 Jul 3.

Health and Society, Social Sciences Group, Wageningen University & Research, 6706 KN Wageningen, The Netherlands.

Maternal nutrition is essential for the development and lifelong health of the offspring. Antenatal care provides unique opportunities for nutrition communication, and health promotion tools (e.g. Read More

Molecules 2020 Jul 3;25(13). Epub 2020 Jul 3.

Centre of Expertise on Sustainable Chemistry, Department of Sciences and Technology, Karel de Grote Applied University of Arts and Sciences, 2660 Antwerp, Belgium.

Solvents come in many shapes and types. Looking for solvents for a specific application can be hard, and looking for green alternatives for currently used nonbenign solvents can be even harder. We describe a new methodology for solvent selection and substitution, by applying Artificial Intelligence (AI) software to cluster a database of solvents based on their physical properties. Read More

Toxicol Pathol 2020 Jul;48(5):633-648

Department of Safety Assessment and Laboratory Animal Resources, Merck & Co, Inc, West Point, PA, USA.

To date, there has been very little published data evaluating the performance of novel urinary kidney biomarkers in nonhuman primates (NHPs). To assess the biomarker performance and characterize the corresponding histomorphologic patterns of tubular renal injury in the NHP, several studies were conducted using mechanistically diverse nephrotoxicants including cefpirome, cisplatin, naproxen, cyclosporine, and a combination of gentamicin with everninomicin. An evaluation of 10 urinary biomarkers (albumin, clusterin, cystatin C, kidney injury molecule-1, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, liver-type fatty acid-binding protein, N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase, osteopontin, retinol binding protein 4 and total protein) was performed on urine collected from these studies. Read More

Ann Pharmacother 2020 Jul 7:1060028020941014. Epub 2020 Jul 7.

University of Florida College of Pharmacy, Gainesville, FL, USA.

To review the pharmacology, efficacy, and safety of ferric maltol (FM), an oral iron formulation, for iron deficiency anemia (IDA). A MEDLINE/PubMed and EMBASE (January 1, 1985, to June 19, 2020) literature search was performed using the terms , and . Additional data sources included prescribing information, abstracts, and the National Institutes of Health Clinical Trials Registry. Read More

Head Neck 2020 Jul 7. Epub 2020 Jul 7.

Department of Otolaryngology/Head & Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.

Background: There is a well documented racial disparity in overall survival for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC); however, it is unknown to what extent this disparity varies by HPV-status.

Methods: A literature search was conducted through December 2019 using Ovid Medline, Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus, and Clinicaltrials.gov. Read More

J Perinatol 2020 Jul 6. Epub 2020 Jul 6.

Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.

The COVID-19 pneumonia was firstly reported in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. The disease had a rapid spread all over the word becoming an international public health emergency. Limited data were available on COVID-19 positive neonates. Read More

Brain Sci 2020 Jul 1;10(7). Epub 2020 Jul 1.

Rocco Salvatore Calabrò, IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, via Palermo, SS 113, Ctr. Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy.

Chronic disorders of consciousness cause a total or partial and fluctuating unawareness of the surrounding environment. Virtual reality (VR) can be useful as a diagnostic and/or a neurorehabilitation tool, and its effects can be monitored by means of both clinical and electroencephalography (EEG) data recording of brain activity. We reported on the case of a 17-year-old patient with a disorder of consciousness (DoC) who was provided with VR training to improve her cognitive-behavioral outcomes, which were assessed using clinical scales (the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised, the Disability Rating Scale, and the Rancho Los Amigos Levels of Cognitive Functioning), as well as EEG recording, during VR training sessions. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 Jul;99(27):e20947

Department of Obstetrics, Maternity and Child Health Care of Zaozhuang, Zaozhuang, Shandong, PR China.

Background: Depression and anxiety are common psychological manifestations encountered during the antenatal stage of pregnancy. Treatments by pharmacological interventions have been reported to impart negative implications on maternal and fetal health outcomes. Therefore, the use of psychotherapeutic interventions to bypass these side-effects and manage depression, anxiety has received a lot of attention. Read More

Environ Int 2020 Jul 3;143:105748. Epub 2020 Jul 3.

Air Quality & Public Health Group, Environmental Hazards and Emergencies Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Chilton, UK.

Disparities in outdoor air pollution exposure between individuals of differing socio-economic status is a growing area of research, widely explored in the environmental health literature. However, in developed countries, around 80% of time is spent indoors, meaning indoor air pollution may be a better proxy for personal exposure. Building characteristics - such as build quality, volume and ventilation - and occupant behaviour, mean indoor air pollution may also vary across socio-economic groups, leading to health inequalities. Read More

J Chem Theory Comput 2020 Jul 6. Epub 2020 Jul 6.

The bacterial cell envelope of Gram-negative bacteria is a complex biological barrier with multiple layers consisting of the inner membrane, periplasm of peptidoglycan and the outer membrane with lipopolysaccharides (LPS). With rising antimicrobial resistance there is increasing interest in understanding interactions of small molecules with the cell membrane to aid in the development of novel drug molecules. Hence suitable representations of the bacterial membrane are required to carry out meaningful molecular dynamics simulations. Read More

Ann Intern Med 2020 Jul 7. Epub 2020 Jul 7.

Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts (L.W.).

In comparative studies, treatment effect is often assessed using a binary outcome that indicates response to the therapy. Commonly used summary measures for response include the cumulative and current response rates at a specific time point. The current response rate is sometimes called the probability of being in response (PBIR), which regards a patient as a responder only if they have achieved and remain in response at present. Read More

J Intensive Care Med 2020 Jul 6:885066620937673. Epub 2020 Jul 6.

Department of Pharmacy and Critical Care Medicine, Clinical Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Background: Agitation and delirium are common in mechanically ventilated adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients and may contribute to delayed extubation times. Difficult-to-wean ICU patients have been associated with an increased risk of longer ICU length of stays and mortality. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the evidence of dexmedetomidine facilitating successful mechanical ventilation extubation in difficult-to-wean ICU patients and clinical outcomes. Read More

Rev Neurol 2020 Jul;71(2):43-53

Universidad del Estado de Pensilvania , Derry, EEUU.

Introduction: University students tend to suffer from problems of sleep regularity, quantity and quality, which can affect their academic performance. These problems are related to changes typical of the phase of the life cycle in which they find themselves due to maturational, psychosocial development (associated with the processes of individuation and socialisation) and academic factors. The study of the relationship between sleep and academic performance in university students is an area of research of growing interest, which has started to be studied over the last two decades. Read More

Cureus 2020 Jun 2;12(6):e8415. Epub 2020 Jun 2.

Cardiology, Ocala Regional Medical Center, Ocala, USA.

COVID-19 represents a global health crisis. Several studies are evaluating potential therapies including hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) which is given to patients based on limited observational evidence. However, it can cause serious adverse events. Read More

Patient Educ Couns 2020 Jul 2. Epub 2020 Jul 2.

Department of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.

Objective: As the prevalence of obesity increases, more women are at risk of potentially experiencing weight stigma in prenatal health care settings. The objective of this scoping review was to summarize the primary literature assessing potential causes of weight stigma in prenatal health care settings and synthesize recommendations for health care providers to improve clinical practice.

Methods: A search strategy was developed combining the terms pregnancy, weight stigma, obesity, and prenatal care. Read More

Nurse Educ Pract 2020 Jun 9;46:102818. Epub 2020 Jun 9.

State University of New York, University at Buffalo, School of Nursing, 3435 Main St., Wende Hall, Buffalo, NY, 14214-8013, USA. Electronic address:

Simulation is an experiential learning process which provides a safe environment for learning, preventing the risk of patient harm. A review of the literature was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses approach to explore the question: What is the state of the science on the evidence of learning outcomes in high-fidelity simulation in undergraduate nursing education? This synthesis included 20 research studies focusing on evaluating outcomes of high-fidelity simulation in undergraduate pre-licensure baccalaureate nursing students. Studies were excluded if they did not use high-fidelity simulation for the intervention group, or they evaluated faculty outcomes. Read More

Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2020 Jun 25;196:106030. Epub 2020 Jun 25.

Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America. Electronic address:

Objective: As the ageing population continues to grow, the incidence of osteoporosis continues to rise. Patients with osteoporosis are often managed pharmacologically. It is unclear the impact of these medications on osteoporotic patients requiring lumbar interbody fusion, and whether differences exist with respect to patient outcomes among the different medication classes that are often employed. Read More

J Cosmet Dermatol 2020 Jul 3. Epub 2020 Jul 3.

Department of Psychiatry, Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey.

Background: Acne vulgaris (AV) is an inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous unit. The relationship between personality and acne development has not been fully explained and to the best of our knowledge, there are a limited number of studies in the literature evaluating temperament and character traits of individuals with acne.

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate temperament-character traits of individuals with severe acne and to compare them with healthy controls. Read More

J Med Imaging Radiat Sci 2020 Jun 30. Epub 2020 Jun 30.

Midwestern State University, Gunn College of Health Sciences and Human Services, The Shimadzu School of Radiologic Sciences, Wichita Falls, Texas, USA. Electronic address:

Three-dimensional printing (3DP), first implemented as nonmedical science in engineering in 1986, has grown immensely in its current integration into the health care field. Three-dimensional printing may possibly lower health care costs and promote a higher quality of patient care. The implementation of 3DP in conjunction with postprocessing computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging has opened up avenues for the medical and allied health fields including prosthetics, surgery, radiation therapy, medical dosimetry, biomedical research, and organ transplantation. Read More

Arthroscopy 2020 Jun 30. Epub 2020 Jun 30.

Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO; The Steadman Clinic, Vail, CO. Electronic address:

Purpose: The purpose of this meta-analysis and systematic review was to critically evaluate the biomechanical outcomes of different fixation constructs for a variety of biceps tenodesis techniques in cadaveric models based on both type of fixation as well as location.

Methods: A PROSPERO registered systematic review (CCRD42018109243) was conducted of the current literature with the terms "long head of biceps" AND "tenodesis" AND "biomechanics" and numerous variations thereof in PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane yielding 1460 abstracts. After screening by eligibility criteria, 18 full-text articles were included. Read More

Pediatr Emerg Care 2020 Jul;36(7):347-352

Professor, Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA.

Appendicitis is a common diagnosis in children being evaluated in the emergency department. After diagnosis, standard treatment has been surgical appendectomy; however, in recent years there is a growing body of evidence evaluating the possibility of nonoperative management in both children and adults. This review will present the current state of the pediatric literature that suggests patients may be successfully treated with antibiotics alone (ie, without surgery), but that a proportion of these patients will have recurrent appendicitis. Read More

Vet Med Sci 2020 Jul 3. Epub 2020 Jul 3.

Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, LISBOA, Portugal.

Neonatal mortality in puppies is highly variable, with large scale surveys still reporting average values around 10% -15%. Weight measurement is the simplest way to monitor the development of the puppies, and a weight loss during the first 48 hr has been recognized as one of the factors that puts puppies at a higher risk of neonatal mortality. However, little is known about what constitutes optimum growth up to 3 weeks. Read More

J Biol Regul Homeost Agents 2020 May-Jun;34(3 Suppl. 1):99-105

Department of Medicine and Surgery, Centre of Neuroscience of Milan, University of Milan-Bicocca, 20900 Milan, Italy.

This review aims to address the procedures and indications, required for the application of the mesenchymal stem cells treatment strategy of regenerative dentistry. Mesenchymal stem cells have rarely been used in this field; conversely, experience from other clinical fields and basic research seems to recommend the suitability of this scope of application. We reviewed 31 out of 206 articles on Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, etc. Read More

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2020 Jul 2. Epub 2020 Jul 2.

Department of Urology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.

Purpose: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) is used for (re)staging prostate cancer (PCa) and as a biomarker for evaluating response to therapy, but lacks established response criteria. A panel of PCa experts in nuclear medicine, radiology, and/or urology met on February 21, 2020, in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, to formulate criteria for PSMA PET/CT-based response in patients treated for metastatic PCa and optimal timing to use it.

Methods: Panelists received thematic topics and relevant literature prior to the meeting. Read More

Ann Transl Med 2020 Jun;8(11):707

Department of Chinese Language and Literature, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.

Background: Developmental language disorders (DLDs) are the most common developmental disorders in children. For screening DLDs, speech ability (SA) is one of the most important indicators.

Methods: In this paper, we propose a solution for the fast screening of children's DLDs based on a comprehensive SA evaluation and a deep framework of machine learning. Read More