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Horm Behav 2021 Jun 8;133:105005. Epub 2021 Jun 8.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-Cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan. Electronic address:

Oxytocin (OT) and its receptor (OTR) play various roles in the central and peripheral regulation of appetite and body weight. Previously, we have shown that the administration of OT markedly decreased appetite and body weight gain in ovariectomized (OVX) obese rats. In addition, recent studies have shown that the endogenous OT system is also affected by endogenous or exogenous estrogen. Read More

Environ Int 2021 Jun 8;155:106676. Epub 2021 Jun 8.

Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA. Electronic address:

Background/objectives: Pregnant women are ubiquitously exposed to phthalates from food packaging materials and personal care products. Phthalates alter estrogen and testosterone concentrations in experimental models, but their ability to impact these hormones in human pregnancy is not well characterized.

Methods: We recruited women ages 18-40 into the Illinois Kids Development Study (I-KIDS) in early pregnancy. Read More

Neurosci Lett 2021 Jun 8:136038. Epub 2021 Jun 8.

Department of Applied Neuroscience and Neuroimaging (RA) and Department of Experimental Neuroscience (SVO), National Institute of Mental Health, Topolová 748, 250 67, Klecany, Czech Republic.

Although produced largely in the periphery, gonadal steroids play a key role in regulating the development and functions of the central nervous system and have been implicated in several chronic neuropsychiatric disorders, with schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) most prominent. Despite major differences in pathobiology and clinical manifestations, in both conditions, estrogen transpires primarily with protective effects, buffering the onset and progression of diseases at various levels. As a result, estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) emerges as one of the most widely discussed adjuvant interventions. Read More

Steroids 2021 Jun 8:108875. Epub 2021 Jun 8.

Department of Medical Service, No. 901 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Hefei City, Anhui Province 230001, China. Electronic address:

As an aromatase inhibitor, letrozole reduces estrogen levels, affecting lipid indices because of the positive role of estrogens in modulating lipoproteins and lipids. Thus, our aim was to meta-analyze data regarding letrozole administration and its effects on the traditional lipid profile. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were performed based on the PRISMA guidelines. Read More

Surg Endosc 2021 Jun 11. Epub 2021 Jun 11.

Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.

Background: Female gender is known to be protective against acute kidney injury (AKI) after radical or partial nephrectomy and estrogen is considered a protective factor. If estrogen is a major contributor to the protective effects of female gender against renal injury, these protective effects may be diminished in postmenopausal women. Therefore, this retrospective study investigated the influence of female age on gender-related differences in AKI after minimally invasive radical or partial nephrectomy. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2021 Jun;100(23):e26216

Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Valencia and Service of Obstetrics and Gynecology, INCLIVA, Av Menéndez y Pelayo, Valencia, Spain.

Abstract: There is debate on the role of estrogens in modulating the risk for atherosclerosis in women. Our purpose was to investigate whether the size of the estrogenic impact was independently associated with variation of carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in healthy late postmenopausal women. The levels of circulating estrogens have been used in previous studies but the influence of SNPs of the estrogen receptors (ER) α and β have not been investigated. Read More

JMIR Form Res 2021 Jun 11;5(6):e23884. Epub 2021 Jun 11.

College of Nursing, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States.

Background: Although the incidence of breast cancer is lower in African-American women than in White women, African-American women have a decreased survival rate. The difference in survival rate may stem from poor endocrine therapy adherence, which increases breast cancer recurrence. Therefore, accessible and culturally sensitive interventions to increase endocrine therapy adherence are necessary. Read More

Am J Clin Nutr 2021 Jun 10. Epub 2021 Jun 10.

Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.

Background: The gut microbiota (GM)-bone axis has emerged as a crucial mediator of bone homeostasis. Estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss is closely associated with an altered GM. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Read More

Front Immunol 2021 25;12:680227. Epub 2021 May 25.

Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia.

Glycans attached to immunoglobulin G (IgG) directly affect this antibody effector functions and regulate inflammation at several levels. The composition of IgG glycome changes significantly with age. In women, the most notable change coincides with the perimenopausal period. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021 25;12:653407. Epub 2021 May 25.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Pregnancy is a complex state with many endocrinological challenges to a woman's physiology. Gestational Hypothyroidism (GHT) is an emerging condition where insufficiency of the thyroid gland has developed during pregnancy in a previously euthyroid woman. It is different to overt hypothyroidism, where marked elevation of thyroid-stimulating hormone with corresponding reduction in free thyroxine levels, is well known to cause detrimental effects to both the mother and the baby. Read More

Onco Targets Ther 2021 4;14:3611-3624. Epub 2021 Jun 4.

Department of General Surgery, Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China.

Background: Endocrine therapy is the backbone therapy in estrogen receptor α (ER)-positive breast cancer, and tamoxifen resistance is a great challenge for endocrine therapy. Tamoxifen-resistant and sensitive samples from the international public repository, the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, were used to identify therapeutic biomarkers associated with tamoxifen resistance.

Materials And Methods: In this study, integrated analysis was used to identify tamoxifen resistance-associated genes. Read More

Drug Des Devel Ther 2021 4;15:2417-2430. Epub 2021 Jun 4.

Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, 16424, Indonesia.

Introduction: In this research, we used a volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) technique to collect blood samples from the patients. A rapid and simple sample preparation method and LC-MS.MS assay was then developed and validated for the simultaneous analysis of tamoxifen and its three active metabolites. Read More

Genet Med 2021 Jun 10. Epub 2021 Jun 10.

Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic.

Purpose: To evaluate the association between a previously published 313 variant-based breast cancer (BC) polygenic risk score (PRS) and contralateral breast cancer (CBC) risk, in BRCA1 and BRCA2 pathogenic variant heterozygotes.

Methods: We included women of European ancestry with a prevalent first primary invasive BC (BRCA1 = 6,591 with 1,402 prevalent CBC cases; BRCA2 = 4,208 with 647 prevalent CBC cases) from the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2 (CIMBA), a large international retrospective series. Cox regression analysis was performed to assess the association between overall and ER-specific PRS and CBC risk. Read More

Biol Sex Differ 2021 Jun 10;12(1):41. Epub 2021 Jun 10.

Department of Psychology, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada.

Background: Women attempt to quit smoking less often than men and are less likely to maintain abstinence. Reproductive hormones have been postulated as a reason for this sex difference, though this remains to be clarified. Research suggests that estradiol and progesterone may influence nicotine addiction, though various methodologies have led to inconsistent findings. Read More

BMC Cancer 2021 Jun 10;21(1):682. Epub 2021 Jun 10.

Department of Gynecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Rua Alexander Fleming, 101, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, 13083-881, Brazil.

Background: We aimed to evaluate the effects of different therapeutic options to prevent the evolution of vaginal stenosis after pelvic radiotherapy in women with cervical cancer.

Methods: open-label randomized clinical trial of 195 women, stage I-IIIB, aged 18-75 years, using topical estrogen (66), topical testosterone (34), water-based intimate lubricant gel (66), and vaginal dilators (29) to assess the incidence and severity of vaginal stenosis after radiotherapy at UNICAMP-Brazil, from January/2013 to May/2018. The main outcome measure was vaginal stenosis assessed using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) scale and percental changes in vaginal volume. Read More

Exp Cell Res 2021 Jun 7:112665. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Haiyuan 1st Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, 518053, China. Electronic address:

Various proteins in the endometrial epithelium are differentially expressed in the receptive phase and play a pivotal role in embryo implantation. The Protein Disulphide Isomerase (PDI) family contains 21 members that function as chaperone proteins through their redox activities. Although total PDIA1 protein expression was high in four common receptive (Ishikawa and RL95-2) and non-receptive (HEC1-B and AN3CA) endometrial epithelial cell lines, significantly higher membrane PDIA1 expression was found in non-receptive AN3CA cells. Read More

JCO Oncol Pract 2021 Jun;17(6):320-330

Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA.

The addition of trastuzumab to chemotherapy dramatically improved the prognosis of early-stage human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer. However, 15%-31% of patients still develop disease recurrence, on the basis of long-term follow-up of adjuvant pivotal trials. A better understanding of tumor biology has led to the development of optimized anti-HER2 drugs and add-on strategies to further improve survival outcomes. Read More

J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2021 Jun 10. Epub 2021 Jun 10.

Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.

Evidence has shown that oestrogen suppresses lipids deposition in the liver of mammals. However, the molecular mechanism of oestrogen action in hepatic steatosis of geese liver has yet to be determined. This study aimed to investigate the effect of oestrogen on lipid homeostasis at different states of geese hepatocytes in vitro. Read More

PLoS One 2021 10;16(6):e0252807. Epub 2021 Jun 10.

Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Background: Despite the widespread use of oral contraceptives (OCs), and the well-documented influence of estrogens, notably 17β-estradiol (E2), on cognition, research relating OCs to working memory is limited and mixed. Two factors may contribute to these mixed findings: 1) pharmacokinetics of oral contraceptives, which drive fluctuations in synthetic hormone levels; and 2) genetic polymorphisms related to dopamine degradation and working memory, which interact with E2. This research investigated whether the pharmacokinetics of oral contraceptives, in concert with the single nucleotide polymorphism (Val158Met; rs4680) of the catechol-o-methyltransferase gene (COMT), influence working memory performance. Read More

Hum Reprod 2021 Jun 10. Epub 2021 Jun 10.

Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany.

Study Question: Is there a difference in the growth and vascularization between murine endometriotic lesions originating from menstrual or non-menstrual endometrial fragments?

Summary Answer: Endometriotic lesions developing from menstrual and non-menstrual tissue fragments share many similarities, but also exhibit distinct differences in growth and vascularization, particularly under exogenous estrogen stimulation.

What Is Known Already: Mouse models are increasingly used in endometriosis research. For this purpose, menstrual or non-menstrual endometrial fragments serve for the induction of endometriotic lesions. Read More

Nihon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi 2021 ;118(6):555-561

Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Nagoya First Hospital.

A 52-year-old woman had a surgical history of breast cancer. A follow-up blood test showed that the level of carcinoembryonic antigen was elevated. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed a Borrmann type IV tumor in the stomach, and biopsy revealed poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma with signet ring cells. Read More

BMC Endocr Disord 2021 Jun 9;21(1):115. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan.

Background: Tamoxifen, which is one of the selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), can bring out life-threatening complication, e.g. hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis, although it is rare. Read More

BMC Genomics 2021 Jun 9;22(1):428. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.

Background: Estrogen plays an essential role in female development and reproductive function. In chickens, estrogen is critical for lipid metabolism in the liver. The regulatory molecular network of estrogen in chicken liver is poorly understood. Read More

Ann Palliat Med 2021 May;10(5):5590-5599

Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.

Background: Although combination of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6(CDK4/6) inhibitors with endocrine therapy for advanced breast cancer (ABC) prolongs PFS in patients, but also has associated toxic side effects. However, few previous studies have summarized the toxic and side effects of CDK4/6 inhibitors. Therefore, this study summarized the corresponding toxic and side effects of CDK/6 inhibitors, which is of great importance for doctors and patients to understand how to balance the high survival rate brought by drugs with the decreased quality of life and improve the management of BC. Read More

Phytomedicine 2021 May 26;88:153605. Epub 2021 May 26.

Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518000, China; Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China.

Osteoporosis is the process of bone loss, particular after menopause, when the production of estrogen in women is decreaing. Bioenergetic function is one of the critical roles in bone remodeling. Danggui Buxue Tang (DBT) is an herbal mixture containing Astragali Radix (AR) and Angelicae Sinensis Radix (ASR), and which is consumed for "Qi-invigorating", i. Read More

Chembiochem 2021 Jun 9. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

The University of Adelaide, Department of Chemistry, AUSTRALIA.

An i-i+4 or i-i+3 bimane-containing linker was introduced into a peptide known to target Estrogen Receptor alpha (ERα) in order to stabilise an α-helical geometry. These macrocycles were studied by CD and NMR to reveal the i-i+4 constrained peptide adopts a 310-helical structure in solution, and an α-helical conformation on interaction with the ERα coactivator recruitment surface in silico. An acyclic bimane-modified peptide is also helical, when it includes a tryptophan or tyrosine residue; but is significantly less helical with a phenylalanine or alanine residue, which indicates such a bimane modification influences peptide structure in a sequence dependent manner. Read More

Pain Ther 2021 Jun 9. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (DAMS), Headache Center, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy.

Introduction: Migraine shows a significantly higher prevalence in women, especially during reproductive age when menstrual-related hormonal fluctuations represent the most common migraine trigger. Indeed, over 50% of patients report a higher occurrence of migraine attacks during the perimenstrual window. Menstrual migraine attacks are consistently referred to as more disabling, less responsive to symptomatic treatments, longer in duration, and more prone to relapse than non-menstrual migraine attacks. Read More

Eur J Appl Physiol 2021 Jun 9. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Griffith Sports Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Gold Coast, QLD, 4222, Australia.

Purpose: To examine the temporal changes in blood oxidative stress biomarkers in recreationally-trained women that were naturally-cycling (WomenNC) or using oral contraceptives (WomenOC) across one month.

Methods: Blood samples were acquired at three timepoints of the menstrual cycle (1: early-follicular, 2: late-follicular and 3: mid-luteal) and oral contraceptive packet (1: InactiveOC, 2: Mid-activeOC and 3: Late-activeOC) for determination of estradiol, progesterone, oxidative stress, C-reactive protein (CRP) and other cardiometabolic biomarkers in plasma and serum.

Results: There was a Group by Time effect on estradiol (p < 0. Read More

Ann Surg Oncol 2021 Jun 8. Epub 2021 Jun 8.

Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.

Background: Breast cancer treatment delays are common. This study was designed to examine the association between the time interval from time of diagnosis to completion of all acute breast cancer treatment modalities (surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy) and survival.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed utilizing data from the National Cancer Database (NCDB) to determine an association between the duration of time from diagnosis to completing all acute breast cancer treatment (surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy) and survival. Read More

SAGE Open Med Case Rep 2021 24;9:2050313X211016992. Epub 2021 May 24.

Departments of Pathology and Translational Research, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan.

The spleen has no epithelial element; thus, primary carcinoma of the spleen is quite rare. We present the case of a patient with serous carcinoma of the spleen. A 76-year-old woman with no significant medical history presented with a huge lesion in the spleen. Read More