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Semin Neurol 2018 Dec 6;38(6):627-633. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of Neurology, University at Buffalo School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York.

Headache is a neurologic disorder that displays gender dichotomy. It is well established that there is a strong link between migraine headache and sex hormones, specifically estrogen, which influences the severity of migraines during the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and menopause. Furthermore, the epidemiology of headaches during pregnancy and the postpartum period is very distinct from that in males or nonpregnant females, in part due to the hemodynamic and hematologic changes that occur during pregnancy. Read More

Neurotoxicology 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Biology, Neuroscience Program, University of Puget Sound, Tacoma, Washington, USA. Electronic address:

Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons in the brain are the main controllers of reproduction and reproductive behavior in most vertebrates, and are susceptible to endocrine disruption by different bisphenols. While the endocrine disrupting properties of bisphenol A have been well documented, commonly used analogues such as bisphenol F (BPF) are not as well studied. In this study we examined the effects of early, low-dose, chronic BPF exposure on the development of the GnRH neural system in the zebrafish embryo. Read More

JAMA Oncol 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York.

Importance: Obesity is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, including the estrogen receptor (ER)-positive subtype in postmenopausal women. Whether excess adiposity is associated with increased risk in women with a normal body mass index (BMI; calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) is unknown.

Objective: To investigate the association between body fat and breast cancer risk in women with normal BMI. Read More

Ugeskr Laeger 2018 Dec;180(49)

Phytoestrogens (PE) are widely used as a dietary supplement. PE affect oestrogen receptors. PE have been investigated regarding menopausal hot flushes, bone mineral density and prostate hyperplasia/cancer. Read More

Environ Sci Technol 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

The plastic monomer bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the highest production volume chemicals in the world and is frequently detected in wildlife and humans, particularly children. BPA has been associated with numerous adverse health outcomes relating to its estrogenic and other hormonal properties, but direct causal links are unclear in humans and animal models. Here we simulated measured (1×) and predicted worst-case (10×) maximum foetal exposures for BPA, or equivalent concentrations of its metabolite MBP, using fluorescent reporter embryo-larval zebrafish capable of quantifying Estrogen Response Element (ERE) activation throughout the body. Read More

Curr Neuropharmacol 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Laboratorio de Citoarquitectura y Plasticidad Neuronal, Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires. Argentina.

Hypoxic-ischemic brain injury is a complex network of factors, which is mainly characterized by a decrease in levels of oxygen concentration and blood flow, which lead to an inefficient supply of nutrients to the brain. Hypoxic-ischemic brain injury can be found in perinatal asphyxia and ischemic-stroke, which represent one of the main causes of mortality and morbidity in children and adults worldwide. Therefore, knowledge on underlying mechanisms triggering these insults may help establish neuroprotective treatments. Read More

Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.

HER2-positive breast cancer is defined by amplification or overexpression of the HER2/ERBB2 oncogene and accounts for about 15% of breast cancer (BC) cases. Somatic mutation of ERBB2 is an alternative mechanism, by which activation of HER2 signaling can occur. ERBB2 mutation has been associated with invasive lobular breast cancer (ILBC). Read More

J Assist Reprod Genet 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Assisted Reproductive Technologies and Reproductive Genetics Centre, Istanbul Memorial Hospital, Piyale Pasa Bulvari, 34385, Okmeydani, Istanbul, Turkey.

Purpose: To conduct a non-inferiority study to compare the clinical outcomes of transdermal estrogen patch and oral estrogen in patients undergoing frozen-thawed single blastocyst transfer non-donor cycles without GnRHagonist (GnRHa) suppression.

Methods: A total of 317 women with irregular menses or anovulatory cycle undergoing frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) non-donor cycles without GnRHa suppression were involved in a prospective randomized clinical trial between May 2017 and October 2017. The trial was conducted in an ART and Reproductive Genetics Centre within a private hospital. Read More

J Mol Model 2018 Dec 5;25(1). Epub 2018 Dec 5.

School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.

Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) were widely utilized in commercial and industrial applications, which could interfere with the endocrine systems of experimental animals and humans by interacting with estrogen receptors (ERs). Considering the possible differential binding preferences and relative binding affinities of PFCs to ERs of humans and other species, a cross-species comparison is necessary to effectively assess the health risk of PFCs to humans. In the present work, the species-specific binding characterizations between two PFCs, including perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and PFOS(4m, 5m), and the different ERαs from Rattus norvegicus, rainbow trout, and humans were explored based on a molecular dynamic modeling. Read More

Gynecol Oncol Rep 2019 Feb 16;27:1-4. Epub 2018 Nov 16.

Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.

Objective: Up to 87% of uterine leiomyosarcomas have estrogen receptor positivity. There are no effective adjuvant therapies for LMS. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of letrozole in patients with newly diagnosed uterine leiomyosarcoma (uLMS). Read More

J Cancer 2018 20;9(22):4197-4203. Epub 2018 Oct 20.

Department of Abdominal Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China.

Whether metastasectomy improves prognosis of gastric cancer patients with ovarian metastases (Krukenberg tumors) is not clear. In this study, we examined the survival benefit of metastasectomy combined with chemotherapy for treatment of synchronous Krukenberg tumors from gastric cancer and identified the prognostic factors. The subjects of this study were patients diagnosed as synchronous Krukenberg tumors of gastric origin in the period between December 2004 and December 2015. Read More

Onco Targets Ther 2018 9;11:8001-8012. Epub 2018 Nov 9.

Department of Internal Medicine,

Background: Breast cancer is still one of the major public health burdens worldwide, although there is tremendous progress in early diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. Tamoxifen was one of the most popular endocrine therapies for early-stage estrogen receptor (ER) + breast cancer patients. However, a high incidence of drug resistance develops along with poor prognosis in breast cancer. Read More

Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2018 Dec 5;16(1):122. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58, the 2nd Zhongshan Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.

Endometriosis is a complex and heterogeneous disorder with unknown etiology. Dysregulation of macrophages and innervation are important factors influencing the pathogenesis of endometriosis-associated pain. It is known to be an estrogen-dependent disease, estrogen can promote secretion of chemokines from peripheral nerves, enhancing the recruitment and polarization of macrophages in endometriotic tissue. Read More

Reprod Sci 2018 Dec 5:1933719118815576. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

3 Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of synthetic estrogen (E2) with a phytoestrogen and genistein in ameliorating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D)-mediated testicular dysfunction in mice. The streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 2 diabetic mice were treated exogenously with either E2 or genistein for 2 durations and compared their effects on testicular activities, serum glucose, and insulin level. Type 2 diabetic mice treated with E2 for only short term (14 days) improved regressive changes in the testicular histology by increasing testosterone synthesis and improving insulin sensitivity, whereas those treated for longer duration (28 days) failed to improve testicular dysfunctions. Read More

Nutrients 2018 Dec 4;10(12). Epub 2018 Dec 4.

School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.

Phytoestrogens derived from plants have attracted the attention of the general public and the medical community due to their potentially beneficial role in relieving menopausal symptoms. The deciduous tree Maxim (Aceraceae) has long been utilized in Korean folk medicine to alleviate many physiological disorders, including abscesses, surgical bleeding, and liver diseases. In order to explore structurally and/or biologically new constituents from Korean medicinal plants, a comprehensive phytochemical study was carried out on the bark of . Read More

Cancers (Basel) 2018 Dec 4;10(12). Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.

Previous preclinical studies have indicated that the activation of glucocorticoid receptor signaling results in inhibition of the growth of various types of tumors. Indeed, several glucocorticoids, such as dexamethasone and prednisone, have been prescribed for the treatment of, for example, hematological malignancies and castration-resistant prostate cancer. By contrast, the role of glucocorticoid-mediated glucocorticoid receptor signaling in the progression of bladder cancer remains far from being fully understood. Read More

Chemosphere 2018 Nov 20;218:793-798. Epub 2018 Nov 20.

Department and Institute of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan, ROC; Medical Center of Aging Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan, ROC. Electronic address:

Lung cancer has been one of the major cancers leading to mortalities worldwide. In addition to smoking, estrogen is considered to play an important role in the lung cancer development because women have a higher proportion of adenocarcinoma than men. In the environment, there are many metabolites and waste products that mimic human estrogen structurally and functionally. Read More

Ginekol Pol 2018 ;89(11):607-610

Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Gdansk, Poland.

Objectives: Endocrine therapy is the recommended systemic treatment for steroid receptor positive endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS). There is no current consensus on the optimal hormonal therapy for ESS. The literature offers several reports on advanced/recurrent/metastatic ESS patients treated with progestins, whereas data on the efficacy of aromatase inhibitors are scarce. Read More

Hum Reprod Update 2018 Dec 1. Epub 2018 Dec 1.

Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Background: The effect of postmenopausal hormone therapy (HT) on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk remains controversial.

Objective And Rationale: We aimed to systematically review the evidence regarding the role of dose, route of hormone administration, timing of initiation and duration of HT on cardiovascular risk among postmenopausal women.

Search Methods: The electronic databases Medline Ovid, Web of Science and Cochrane Central were systematically searched to identify studies published before 30 January 2018. Read More

Jpn J Clin Oncol 2018 Dec 1. Epub 2018 Dec 1.

Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.

Objective: Over the past decade, several studies have highlighted that axillary lymph node ratio (ratio of involved over excised axillary lymph nodes) was a superior predictor for survival outcomes compared with ypN staging. Thus, this study aimed to integrate the prognostic value of axillary lymph node ratio to improve individualized prediction of survival in node-positive breast cancer patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Methods: A clinical data of 339 node-positive breast cancer patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy from two independent centers were retrospectively reviewed. Read More

Dalton Trans 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

University of Puerto Rico, Department of Chemistry, PO Box 9019, Mayagüez, PR 00681, Puerto Rico.

Previously, ferrocene incorporation into the principal structural component of biologically active molecules resulted in enhanced cytotoxic activity against hormone-dependent MCF-7 and T-47D and hormone-independent MDA-MB-231 breast-cancer cell lines. Here we explore 4 new ferrocene estrogen conjugates at position 16 of the estrogen hormone and compared them to the previously reported ferrocene estrogen conjugate 3-ferrocenyl-estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-17β-ol. The ferrocene conjugate 16-ferrocenylidene-3-hydroxyestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-one was synthesized using estrone and ferrocene carboxaldehyde as starting materials in 86% yield. Read More

Br J Nutr 2018 Dec 3:1-9. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Food and Nutrition,Hanyang University,222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763,Republic of Korea.

Conversion of α-linolenic acid (ALA) into the longer chain n-3 PUFA has been suggested to be affected by the dietary intake of linoleic acid (LA), but the mechanism is not well known. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a low-LA diet with and without oestrogen on the fatty acid conversion enzymes and transcription factors. Rats were fed a modified American Institute of Nutrition-93G diet with 0% n-3 PUFA or ALA, containing low or high amounts of LA for 12 weeks. Read More

J Cell Biochem 2018 Dec 2. Epub 2018 Dec 2.

Department of Physiology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.

Evidence has been reported by us and others supporting the important roles of chloride channels in a number of osteoblast cell functions. The ClC-3 chloride channel is activated by estradiol binding to estrogen receptor alpha on the cell membranes of osteoblasts. However, the functions of these chloride channels in estrogen regulation of osteoblast metabolism remain unclear. Read More

Cancer Causes Control 2018 Dec 1. Epub 2018 Dec 1.

Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA.

Purpose: The comparability between serum, plasma, and urinary measurements of estrogen metabolites via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) has not been largely explored, and it is unclear if urinary LC-MS/MS measurements are suitable surrogates of circulating levels.

Methods: Serum, plasma (EDTA and heparin), and urinary estrogen/estrogen metabolite levels were measured via LC-MS/MS in paired samples from 64 healthy volunteers (18 men, 20 premenopausal women, 26 postmenopausal women). Geometric means and Spearman correlation coefficients were used to compare individual and combined pathway levels of estrogens/estrogen metabolites across biologic matrices by sex/menopausal status. Read More

Cancer Causes Control 2018 Dec 1. Epub 2018 Dec 1.

Epidemiology and Biostatistics Program, Division of Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.

Purpose: Breast cancer risk associated with pregnancy characteristics may be mediated by maternal hormones or angiogenic factors.

Methods: We conducted a prospective breast cancer case-control study among women in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) and Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) related to maternal pregnancy prolactin (n = 254 cases and 374 controls), placental growth factor (PlGF, n = 252 and 371), soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1, n = 118 and 240) and steroid hormone concentrations (ALSPAC only, n = 173 and 171). Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for a 1 SD change in analytes were estimated using unconditional logistic regression with matching factors (cohort, mother's birth year, serum/plasma, blood collection timing) and gestational age. Read More

Indian J Pharmacol 2018 Jul-Aug;50(4):169-176

Department of Biotechnology, Liatris Biosciences LLP, Kottayam, Kerala, India.

Context: Chemical toxicity prediction at early stage drug discovery phase has been researched for years, and newest methods are always investigated. Research data comprising chemical physicochemical properties, toxicity, assay, and activity details create massive data which are becoming difficult to manage. Identifying the desired featured chemical with the desired biological activity from millions of chemicals is a challenging task. Read More

Neuroendocrinology 2018 Nov 30. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Menopause is associated with significant symptomatic burden, with approximately two thirds of post menopausal women suffering from vasomotor symptoms, hot flushes and night sweats. The mainstay of treatment for hot flushes continues to be hormone replacement therapy. However, as HRT is contraindicated in some cases, alternative, efficacious treatment options are also required. Read More

Anticancer Res 2018 Dec;38(12):6639-6652

Department of Surgery, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy.

Background/aim: Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) with F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) has recently been used to investigate lymph node (LN) metastases and several predictive features in patients with breast cancer (BC). The aim of this study was to assess the value of this non-invasive imaging procedure for axillary staging.

Patients And Methods: Fifty patients with early primary unilateral, locally advanced, or recurrent invasive operable BC were enrolled. Read More

Anticancer Res 2018 Dec;38(12):6615-6620

London Breast Institute, London, U.K.

Background/aim: Hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) is hypothesised to manifest in postmenopausal women at onset of menopause due to decreased oestrogen levels. Transdermal testosterone is a potential treatment option. This systematic review explores the relationship between the incidence of breast cancer and transdermal testosterone use. Read More

Anticancer Res 2018 Dec;38(12):6607-6613

School of Engineering, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K.

Artificial intelligence was recognised many years ago as a potential and powerful tool to predict disease outcome in many clinical situations. The conventional approaches using statistical methods have provided much information, but are subject to limitations imposed by the complexity of medical data. The structures of the important variants of the machine learning system artificial neural networks (ANN) are discussed and emphasis is given to the powerful analytical support that could be provided by ANN for the prediction of cancer progression and prognosis. Read More

Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018 Nov 29;363:88-97. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Bioquímica, Faculdade de Farmácia, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.

The endometrium is a particular sensitive target tissue for estradiol that is able to promptly modify its structure. Tamoxifen (TAM), a selective estrogen receptor modulator, was shown to promote a spectrum of uterine abnormalities, though the morphological and stereological effects of this drug in uterus is not clear. In this way, we have used an established model of ovariectomy followed by estradiol benzoate (EB) or TAM treatment and analyzed their effects in uterine histopathology and proliferation. Read More

Fertil Steril 2018 Dec;110(7):1398-1407.e1

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland. Electronic address:

Objective: To observe the antifibroid effects of therapeutic concentrations of simvastatin, which interferes with cholesterol biosynthesis, a known precursor of five major classes of steroid hormones, including progesterone and estrogen, which play a major role in the development and growth of uterine leiomyomas.

Design: Two-dimensional and three-dimensional cell culture study of immortalized human leiomyoma and patient-matched myometrium cells treated with simvastatin.

Setting: University laboratory. Read More

Chin J Nat Med 2018 Nov;16(11):838-845

Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China. Electronic address:

Postmenopausal women, who have reduced circulating estrogen levels, are more prone to develop obesity and related metabolic diseases than premenopausal women. The absence of safe and effective treatments for postmenopausal obesity has changed the focus to natural products as alternative remedies. Total salvianolic acids (TSA) are the major water-soluble ingredients of Danshen. Read More

J Surg Res 2019 Jan 20;233:426-435. Epub 2018 Sep 20.

Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York; Department of Surgery, University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York; Department of Breast Surgery and Oncology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan; Department of Breast Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan. Electronic address:

Background: MicroRNA-9 (miR-9) was found to play an important role in a variety of different cancers and can adopt either tumor suppressor or oncogenic activity. Most studies have suggested an oncogenic role in breast cancer. We were interested in the relationship of miR-9 expression and survival in breast cancer and hypothesized that high expression of miR-9 was associated with worse prognosis in breast cancer patients. Read More

EBioMedicine 2018 Nov 27. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perinatal Initiative, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Circulating estrogen (E2) levels are high throughout pregnancy and increase towards term, however its local tissue specific actions vary across gestation. For example, myometrial E2 regulated uterotonic action is disabled until term, whereas it's proliferative function is maintained in the breast. We have identified gestationally regulated splicing events, mediated by hnRNPG and modulated by E2 that generate alternatively spliced estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) variants (ERΔ7 and ERα46) in the myometrium. Read More

Pathol Res Pract 2018 Nov 17. Epub 2018 Nov 17.

Hebei Medical University, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Province Tumor Hospital, China. Electronic address:

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NCT) has become the standard treatment for breast cancer. The information about the tumor's sensitivity to chemotherapy and prognostic significance based on response to therapy can be provided after individualized neoadjuvant treatment. The biomarkers are key factors in the decision-making process regarding treatment as well as important prognostic indicators. Read More

Gynecol Oncol 2018 Nov 27. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

Nicola Murray Centre for Ovarian Cancer Research, Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Edinburgh Cancer Centre, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK. Electronic address:

Objectives: The role of endocrine therapy (ET) in high grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is poorly defined due to the lack of phase III data and significant heterogeneity of clinical trials performed. In this study, we sought to identify predictive factors of endocrine sensitivity in HGSOC.

Methods: HGSOC patients who received at least four weeks of ET for relapsed disease following one line of chemotherapy at the Edinburgh Cancer Centre were identified. Read More

Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2018 Dec 3:1-18. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

a Breast Cancer Now Edinburgh Team, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine , University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital , Edinburgh , UK.

Introduction: In breast cancer, estrogen receptor (ER) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) are essential biomarkers to predict response to endocrine and anti-HER2 therapies, respectively. In metastatic breast cancer, the use of these receptors and targeted therapies present additional challenges: temporal heterogeneity, together with limited sampling methodologies, hinders receptor status assessment, and the constant evolution of the disease invariably leads to resistance to treatment. Areas covered: This review summarizes the genomic abnormalities in ER and HER2, such as mutations, amplifications, translocations, and alternative splicing, emerging as novel biomarkers that provide an insight into underlying mechanisms of resistance and hold potential predictive value to inform treatment selection. Read More

Lupus 2018 Dec 1:961203318815768. Epub 2018 Dec 1.

1 Laboratory of Inflammation and Autoimmunity, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by aberrant production of auto-antibodies and a sexual dimorphism both in the phenotypic expression and frequency of the disease between males and females. The striking female predominance was initially attributed primarily to sex hormones. However, recent data challenge this simplistic view and point more towards genetic and epigenetic factors accounting for this difference. Read More

JAMA Surg 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Center for Gender Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.

Importance: A growing number of transgender patients are receiving gender-affirming hormone treatments. It is unclear whether the evidence supports the current practice of routinely discontinuing these hormones prior to surgery.

Objective: To determine how medications used in cross-sex hormone treatment (CSHT) affect perioperative risk. Read More

Menopause 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

TherapeuticsMD, Boca Raton, FL.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the clinical meaningfulness of TX-001HR in reducing moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms (VMS) in menopausal women with a uterus.

Methods: In the REPLENISH study (NCT01942668), women with moderate to severe hot flushes (≥7/d or ≥50/wk) were enrolled in a VMS substudy and randomized to four doses of daily TX-001HR (17β-estradiol/progesterone) or placebo. Participants assessed improvement of their VMS by the Clinical Global Impression and the Menopause-Specific Quality of Life (MENQOL) questionnaire, which were used to define clinical responders, clinically important differences (CIDs) or minimal CID (MCID) in VMS frequency. Read More

Clin Nucl Med 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Gynecomastia is not uncommon in men older than 50 years of age and is characterized by glandular proliferation of breast tissue. Non-physiologic gynecomastia is mostly caused by a variety of external medical interventions. Medications that belong to classes of antiandrogens, antipsychotics, or antibiotics alter the levels of estrogen and testosterone and are commonly implicated in patients with gynecomastia. Read More

Int J Cancer 2018 Dec 4. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.

Diet is the primary source of cadmium - a proven Group 1 human carcinogen - for non-smokers. Observational studies investigating the effect of cadmium from food sources on breast cancer risk have produced inconsistent results. We examined the association between dietary cadmium and risk of breast cancer defined by estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and HER2 status, in 8,924 women recruited to a prospective study between 1987 and 1992. Read More

Int J Cancer 2018 Dec 4. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, 141 57, Stockholm, Sweden.

Chronic inflammation of the colon (colitis) is a risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC). Hormone-replacement therapy reduces CRC incidences, and the estrogen receptor beta (ERβ/ESR2) has been implicated in this protection. Gut microbiota is altered in both colitis and CRC and may influence the severity of both. Read More

Int J Clin Oncol 2018 Dec 4. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.

Background: In PALOMA-2, palbociclib-letrozole significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) vs placebo-letrozole in women with estrogen receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (ER+/HER2-) advanced breast cancer (ABC) in the first-line setting. We evaluated the efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of palbociclib in Japanese women in PALOMA-2.

Methods: In this phase 3 study, 666 postmenopausal women with ER+/HER2- ABC were randomized 2:1 to palbociclib (125 mg/day [3 weeks on/1 week off]) plus letrozole (2. Read More

Chem Cent J 2018 Dec 4;12(1):130. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, India.

Background: In view of wide range of biological activities of oxazole, a new series of oxazole analogues was synthesized and its chemical structures were confirmed by spectral data (Proton/Carbon-NMR, IR, MS etc.). The synthesized oxazole derivatives were screened for their antimicrobial and antiproliferative activities. Read More

Int J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol 2018 29;10(5):144-153. Epub 2018 Oct 29.

Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy Moga, Punjab, India.

The present study aimed to investigate the role of adenylyl cyclase activator in preventing diabetic nephropathy in rats. Renal function parameters, renal hypertrophy, lipid profile, markers of oxidative stress and free radical scavenging activities were assessed. Histopathology was performed to confirm Streptozotocin induced renal morphological changes in diabetic rats. Read More

Front Immunol 2018 20;9:2660. Epub 2018 Nov 20.

Cancer Biomarker and Immunotherapy Group, Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia.

An important role for tumor infiltrating B lymphocytes (TIL-B) in the immune response to cancer is emerging; however, very little is known about the antigen specificity of antibodies produced . The presence of IgA antibodies in the tumor microenvironment has been noted although their biological functions and clinical significance are unknown. This study used a 91-antigen microarray to examine the IgG and IgA autoantibody repertoires in breast cancer (BC). Read More

Front Neurosci 2018 20;12:855. Epub 2018 Nov 20.

Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.

Gonadal hormones play a vital role in driving motivated behavior. They not only modulate responses to naturally rewarding stimuli, but also influence responses to drugs of abuse. A commonality between gonadal hormones and drugs of abuse is that they both impact the neurocircuitry of reward, including the regulation of structural plasticity in the nucleus accumbens (NAc). Read More