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J Clin Ultrasound 2022 Jun 18. Epub 2022 Jun 18.

Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Shenzhen Longgang District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China.

Objective: To evaluate and analyze the accuracy of ultrasound estimation of the fetal weight of Macrosomia at term.

Method: The instruments used were α6(Aloka; Japan) color Doppler ultrasound imagers, and vinno 80 (feieno; China) with a frequency of 3.5 MHz. Read More

J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2022 May;23(5):432-436

Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is common during pregnancy, with the prevalence reaching as high as 31.0% in some European regions (McIntyre et al., 2019). Read More

Cureus 2022 Mar 21;14(3):e23352. Epub 2022 Mar 21.

Department of Pediatrics, Mahatma Gandhi Mission (MGM) Medical College and Hospital, a Constituent Unit of MGM Institute of Health Sciences, Aurangabad, IND.

Background Kidney size determination and sonographic follow-up are important in clinical diagnosis and treatment in children. Various anthropometric measurements are correlated with gestational age and birth weight and are used to identify high-risk babies in need of early interventions. Although foot length has emerged as a simple and reliable anthropometric measurement, it is not correlated with kidney size, except in the fetal period. Read More

J Ultrasound 2022 Apr 17. Epub 2022 Apr 17.

Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.

Purpose: Because of the inaccuracy of the biparietal diameter in cases with an engaged fetal head in the pelvis, measuring the estimated fetal weigh (EFW) using Hadlock's formula could be compromised in these cases. The aim of this prospective study is to determine the accuracy of using only two thigh parameters, the femur length (FL) and the cross-sectional area of the thigh (CSAT) (Isobe's formula), in detecting the fetal weight of both engaged pelvis fetuses and non-engaged head fetuses and to compare this method with Hadlock's formula in both groups using the actual birth weight as a gold standard.

Methods: The study included 51 cases with an engaged fetal head and 51 cases with a non-engaged fetal head that came in active labour. Read More

Pediatr Radiol 2022 Apr 7. Epub 2022 Apr 7.

Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.

Background: Neonatal diseases differ depending on gestational age and weight. In the setting of an emergency in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), relevant clinical information is often not available when the first neonatal radiograph is obtained. When reading an initial chest-abdomen radiograph, the paediatric radiologist needs gestational age data for best radiologic practice. Read More

J Family Med Prim Care 2022 Feb 16;11(2):775-779. Epub 2022 Feb 16.

Department of Gynecology Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Vali-Asr Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Background: Estimation of fetal weight during pregnancy plays an important role in prenatal and intrapartum care and is more important in pregnancies after 37 weeks to determine the type of delivery. The aim of this study was to compare and evaluate the accuracy and diagnostic value of two-dimensional ultrasound and clinical examination in estimating fetal weight and pregnancy outcomes.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 pregnant women without abnormal fetuses and pregnancies after 37 weeks; mothers who had a normal delivery or cesarean section were evaluated by the available method. Read More

J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol 2022 Mar 28. Epub 2022 Mar 28.

Women's Health, Auckland District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand.

Introduction: Studies have shown that ultrasound estimated foetal weight (EFW) in small for gestational age (SGA) babies tends to be less-accurate when compared to appropriate (AGA) and large (LGA) for gestational age babies. We aimed to analyse the accuracy of ultrasound EFW overall, and by customised birth weight centile category (severe SGA, SGA, AGA, LGA). Also, the accuracy of estimating the centile category using calculated customised EFW centiles. Read More

Arch Gynecol Obstet 2022 Mar 25. Epub 2022 Mar 25.

EVMS Salaried Faculty, Maternal Fetal Medicine/OBGYN, 825 Fairfax Avenue Suite 555, Norfolk, VA, 23455, USA.

Objectives: To Determine whether maternal body mass index (BMI) can affect the accuracy of sonographic estimation of fetal weight (EFW) in the third trimester when compared to neonatal birthweight (BW).

Methods: Secondary analysis from our original prospective cohort of pregnant women beyond 34 weeks, distributed in 4 groups according to their BMI: normal, overweight, obese and morbid obese. Fetal biometry and fluid measurements were obtained by two experienced sonographers, blinded for patient's clinical information and to each other's measurements. Read More

Antioxidants (Basel) 2022 Mar 17;11(3). Epub 2022 Mar 17.

Department of Physiology and Cellular Development, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia, Mexico City 11000, Mexico.

(1) Background: Size at birth is an important early determinant of health later in life. The prevalence of small for gestational age (SGA) newborns is high worldwide and may be associated with maternal nutritional and metabolic factors. Thus, estimation of fetal growth is warranted. Read More

Ann Afr Med 2022 Jan-Mar;21(1):49-53

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja FCT, Nigeria.

Background: Ultrasound measurement provides a noninvasive means of obtaining information about fetal weight and may help in necessary preparations at and after delivery. Although some ultrasound methods include only one or two fetal indices, others, to improve accuracy, incorporate either three or all the four fetal indices. The aim of this report is to assess the accuracy of two different methods for fetal weight estimation. Read More

Int J Reprod Biomed 2022 Jan 18;20(1):21-28. Epub 2022 Feb 18.

Fetomaternal Department, Shariati Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Background: Estimation of the fetal birth weight and diagnosis of small for gestational age in the fetuses of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are currently imprecise.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the association between fetal renal artery Doppler indices and neonatal birth weight in women with GDM in late pregnancy.

Materials And Methods: This cohort study recruited 246 pregnant women from Shariati Hospital in Tehran, Iran, in two GDM and healthy control groups. Read More

Eurasian J Med 2022 02;54(1):72-76

Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrica, Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Training and Research Hospital, Diyarbakır, Turkey.

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the factors affecting successful vaginal delivery in induction with slow-release dinoprostone at term pregnancy with premature rupture of membranes.

Materials And Methods: Pregnancies between 370/7 and 416/7 gestation weeks with premature rupture of membranes in which slow-release dinoprostone was used for cervical ripening were sought for inclusion in the study. Pregnancies with previous uterine surgery, multiple fetal gestations, chorioamnionitis, non-cephalic presentation, fetal distress at the time of admission, HIV positivity, and estimated fetal weight >4500 on ultrasonographic evaluation were excluded. Read More

JAMA Netw Open 2022 03 1;5(3):e222177. Epub 2022 Mar 1.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center Affiliated with the Hebrew University Hadassah School of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel.

Importance: Antenatal diagnosis of fetal weight is challenging, and the detection rate of fetal growth restriction (FGR) is low. Neonates with FGR are known to have an increased rate of obstetric intervention during labor, but the association of antenatal fetal weight estimation with mode of delivery and neonatal outcomes among neonates who are small and appropriate for gestational age (SGA and AGA) has not been reported.

Objective: To evaluate the association of antenatal fetal weight estimation with mode of delivery and neonatal outcomes among neonates who are SGA and AGA, applying psychological concepts of cognitive bias and prospect theory to a model of clinical behavior. Read More

J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2021 Sep-Dec;25(3):457-462. Epub 2022 Jan 11.

Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, College of Dental Sciences, Davangere, Karnataka, India.

Background: Pregnancy is a physiological condition in which the maternal environment undergoes many changes. Serum uric acid (UA) levels have been used for the early diagnosis of preeclampsia, predictor of reduced birth weight and fetal outcome. UA is also expressed in saliva, and collection of saliva sample is a noninvasive method which will be more acceptable by the patients. Read More

Obstet Gynecol 2022 04 10;139(4):529-535. Epub 2022 Mar 10.

Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Mercy Perinatal, Mercy Hospital for Women, Melbourne, Australia; the Translational Obstetrics Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, Australia; the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; the Centre for Clinical Research, Dalarna, Sweden; and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Science, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Objective: To estimate whether low-dose aspirin use is associated with an altered risk of delivering a small-for-gestational age (SGA) neonate among women with a history of having an SGA neonate in a prior pregnancy.

Methods: We performed a Swedish register-based cohort study including women in their second pregnancy who had a history of having an SGA neonate (birth weight less than the 10th percentile). The association between use of low-dose aspirin in subsequent pregnancy and birth of an SGA neonate or a severely SGA neonate (birth weight less than the third percentile) were estimated using inverse propensity-weighted estimation, accounting for potential confounders. Read More

J Clin Lab Anal 2022 Apr 4;36(4):e24312. Epub 2022 Mar 4.

Joint Inspection Center of Precision Medicine, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China.

Introduction: This study evaluated whether changes in homocysteine concentrations in pregnant women with preeclampsia (PE) might be useful for predicting foetal death.

Materials And Methods: This study evaluated 1,368 PE women at two Chinese centres. Medical records were reviewed to collect data regarding maternal age, homocysteine concentrations and other clinical parameters. Read More

Prenat Diagn 2022 04 11;42(4):512-517. Epub 2022 Mar 11.

Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Background: There is a significant variability in reported fetal fraction (FF), a common cause for no-calls in cell-free (cf)DNA based non-invasive prenatal screening. We examine the effect of imprecision in FF measurement on the performance of cfDNA screening for Down syndrome, when low FF samples are classified as no-calls.

Methods: A model for the reported FF was constructed from the FF measurement precision and the underlying true FF. Read More

Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM 2022 05 18;4(3):100599. Epub 2022 Feb 18.

Background: The use of birthweight standards to define small for gestational age may fail to identify neonates affected by poor fetal growth as they include births associated with suboptimal fetal growth.

Objective: This study aimed to compare intrauterine vs birthweight-derived standards to define newborn small for gestational age to predict neonatal morbidity and mortality.

Study Design: This was a secondary analysis of a multicenter observational study of 118,422 births. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 01 20;19(3). Epub 2022 Jan 20.

American Institutes for Research, Arlington, VA 22202, USA.

We studied the health effects of economic development in heavily urbanized areas, where congestion poses a challenge to environmental conditions. We employed detailed data from air pollution and birth records around the metropolitan area of São Paulo, Brazil, between 2002 and 2009. During this period, the megacity experienced sustained growth marked by the increases in employment rates and ownership of durable goods, including automobiles. Read More

Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2022 Mar 13;101(3):293-302. Epub 2022 Feb 13.

Centre for Medical Parasitology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen and Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark.

Introduction: Identification of low birthweight and small for gestational age is pivotal in clinical management and many research studies, but in low-income countries, birthweight is often unavailable within 24 h of birth. Newborn weights measured within days after birth and knowledge of the growth patterns in the first week of life can help estimate the weight at birth retrospectively. This study aimed to generate sex-specific prediction maps and weight reference charts for the retrospective estimation of birthweight for exclusively breastfed newborns in a low-resource setting. Read More

Pediatr Endocrinol Diabetes Metab 2021 ;27(4):249-252

Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland.

Introduction: Estimation of carbohydrate metabolism parameters in the groups: AGA preterm, SGA term, SGA preterm and AGA term.

Material And Methods: 89 children were qualified: group A - AGA preterm 22, group B - SGA preterm 26, SGA term group C - 30 children, AGA - term group D - 11 children; at the age of 6-7 years. Insulin and fasting glucose levels were measure. Read More

PLoS One 2022 27;17(1):e0263336. Epub 2022 Jan 27.

Department of Community Medicine, R. G. Kar Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in pregnancy leads to a range of perinatal complications. Although several randomized controlled trials (RCT) have tested the effect of non-pharmacological standard GDM care adjuncts on these outcomes, there is no agglomerated statistical evidence on how their occurrence risk varies across interventions and with placebo. Therefore, a systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) protocol is proposed here to address this evidence gap. Read More

J Perinatol 2022 02 24;42(2):181-186. Epub 2022 Jan 24.

Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, USA.

Objective: Our study sought to determine whether metabolites from a retrospective collection of banked cord blood specimens could accurately estimate gestational age and to validate these findings in cord blood samples from Busia, Uganda.

Study Design: Forty-seven metabolites were measured by tandem mass spectrometry or enzymatic assays from 942 banked cord blood samples. Multiple linear regression was performed, and the best model was used to predict gestational age, in weeks, for 150 newborns from Busia, Uganda. Read More

Int J Biomater 2021 20;2021:9090338. Epub 2021 Dec 20.

Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Assam Medical College and Hospital, Dibrugarh 786002, Assam, India.

Methods: The cross-sectional study included 100 pregnant women aged 20-45 years from the Kamrup district admitted to Guwahati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, Assam. The data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS version 16. The EFW at term was calculated using Shepard's formula and Hadlock's formula. Read More

Front Public Health 2021 18;9:735699. Epub 2021 Nov 18.

Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.

Fine particulate matter (PM) is one of the most common outdoor air pollutants, and secondhand smoking (SHS) is an important source of inhalable indoor air pollution. Previous studies were controversial and inconsistent about PM and SHS air pollutants on neonatal birth weight outcomes, and no studies assessed the potential interactive effects between PM and SHS on birth weight outcomes. To investigate the interaction between gestational PM and SHS air pollution exposure on the risk of macrosomia among pregnant women and examine the modifying effect of SHS exposure on the association of PM air pollution and birth weight outcomes during pregnancy. Read More

Fetal Diagn Ther 2021 17;48(10):708-719. Epub 2021 Nov 17.

School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences and School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences in Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the standard ultrasound (US) estimated fetal weight (EFW) and MRI volume-derived methods for the midtrimester fetus.

Methods: Twenty-five paired US and MRI scans had the EFW calculated (gestational age [GA] range = 20-26 weeks). The intra- and interobserver variability of each method was assessed (2 operators/modality). Read More

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022 Mar 12;29(15):21642-21655. Epub 2021 Nov 12.

Department of Pharmacy Practice, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati, India, 781101.

The presence of parabens and bisphenols in maternal products and usage during pregnancy have raised serious concern about their possible harm to pregnant women. The concentrations of six parabens and eight bisphenols were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in the samples of commercially available herbal-based ayurvedic maternal products and urine of healthy pregnant women from Assam, India. Methyl paraben (MP) and bisphenol AF (BPAF) were found to be more dominant in the maternal products, whereas MP, bisphenol A (BPA), and BPAF were dominant in urine samples of healthy pregnant women. Read More

Australas J Ultrasound Med 2021 Feb 12;24(1):13-19. Epub 2021 Jan 12.

Greenlane Clinical Centre National Women's Health 214 Green Lane West Epsom, Auckland 1051 New Zealand.

Introduction: Ultrasound estimation of fetal weight is an important factor guiding antenatal management. We aimed to review the accuracy of ultrasound in predicting fetal weight and birthweight category and identify influencing factors.

Methods: We performed a retrospective study of term pregnant women who underwent ultrasound within 7 days of delivery at National Women's Health between January 2019 and January 2020. Read More

Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2022 Jan 2;101(1):102-110. Epub 2021 Nov 2.

Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.

Introduction: Fetal growth restriction is a major risk factor for adverse perinatal outcome. As most of the growth-restricted fetuses are small for gestational age (SGA), an efficient antenatal screening method for SGA fetuses would have a major impact on perinatal health. The aim of this study was to compare the SGA prediction rate achieved with third-trimester routine ultrasound estimation of fetal weight (EFW) with that obtained using ultrasound examination on indication. Read More

J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2022 Mar 14;44(3):261-271.e4. Epub 2021 Oct 14.

Research Center of CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, QC; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, QC. Electronic address:

Objectives: This study aimed to estimate the impact of third-trimester ultrasound with measurement of the lower uterine segment thickness (LUST) and estimation of fetal weight (EFW) on maternal and perinatal morbidity among women with a prior cesarean delivery.

Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of the QUARISMA trial, including women who delivered at term after one prior cesarean delivery in tertiary care centres. Major and minor maternal and perinatal morbidities were compared between centres that had introduced LUST and EFW measurements into routine practice and those that had not, using generalised estimating equations and adjusted odds ratios (aOR). Read More