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Cureus 2020 Apr 29;12(4):e7882. Epub 2020 Apr 29.

Internal Medicine, Citrus Memorial Hospital, Inverness, USA.

Hemorrhagic cholecystitis is a rare presentation of acute calculous cholecystitis which presents with abdominal pain, jaundice, and gastrointestinal bleeding. It is a challenging diagnosis to make because it present similar to other common disorders such as calculous cholecystitis. We present a unique case of hemorrhagic cholecystitis in a patient with cirrhosis and rectal cancer. Read More

ESMO Open 2020 Jun;5(3)

Oncology Medicine Department, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.

Purpose: Pseudocirrhosis is a radiological term used to describe rapid changes in the contour of liver invaded by metastases and treated with chemotherapy. Our primary objectives were to analyse the clinical and biological characteristics of those patients with breast cancer and to assess the prevalence of complications generally associated with decompensated cirrhosis. We have also assessed associated treatments and response. Read More

World J Gastroenterol 2020 May;26(18):2247-2267

Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beijing You'an Hospital Affiliated with Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.

Background: Computed tomography (CT), liver stiffness measurement (LSM), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are non-invasive diagnostic methods for esophageal varices (EV) and for the prediction of high-bleeding-risk EV (HREV) in cirrhotic patients. However, the clinical use of these methods is controversial.

Aim: To evaluate the accuracy of LSM, CT, and MRI in diagnosing EV and predicting HREV in cirrhotic patients. Read More

EClinicalMedicine 2020 May 20;22:100357. Epub 2020 May 20.

Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy & Rehabilitation, King's College London, Address: Bessemer Road, London, SE5 9PJ, United Kingdom.

Background: End-of-life intensive care may be futile and can be a cause of distress to both patients and their families. This study aimed to understand the utilization of intensive care and its associated factors in patients with End-stage liver disease (ESLD) during terminal hospitalization.

Methods: Population-based retrospective cohort study using the National Health Institute Research Database of Taiwan. Read More

Methods Mol Biol 2020 ;2151:75-84

National Reference Centre for Parasitology, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Schistosomiasis is one of the most important helminthic parasitic infections in the world, with over 700 million people at risk of infection. Species of Schistosoma have a complex life cycle involving the infection of freshwater snails before infecting their mammalian definitive host. Taking about 130,000 lives per annum, S. Read More

Rev Esp Enferm Dig 2020 May 26;112. Epub 2020 May 26.

Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario La Paz, España.

Background: there is controversy about the need to maintain vasoconstrictor treatment after adequate haemostasis is achieved through endoscopic band ligation (EBL) in bleeding esophageal varices (BEV). Measuring a "before and after urgent-EBL" hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) in acute variceal hemorrhage is very difficult. Thus, the goal of this study was to determine hemodynamic variations after an EBL session. Read More

Dig Dis 2020 May 25. Epub 2020 May 25.

Background: The relationship between the amount of adipose tissue and advanced-stage liver cirrhosis with esophageal varices (EV) is unknown. We aimed to reveal the prognostic significance of adipose tissues in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Methods: We enrolled 87 patients with EV who received initial endoscopic treatment and underwent scheduled treatments in our hospital. Read More

J Hepatol 2020 May 21. Epub 2020 May 21.

Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxue Lane, Chengdu 610041, China. Electronic address:

Abdom Radiol (NY) 2020 May 23. Epub 2020 May 23.

Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center (ADIR), Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Purpose: To investigate the associated Multi-Detector Computed Tomography (MDCT) features for esophageal varices (EVs) and esophageal variceal hemorrhage (EVH), with particular emphasis on different collateral veins.

Materials And Methods: All cirrhotic patients who had undergone both Upper Gastrointestinal Tract (UGIT) endoscopy and contrast-enhanced MDCT within 6 months from 2013 to 2019 were included in the study. MDCT of 124 patients, 76 males and 48 females, aged between 21 and 73 years old were evaluated for presence of EV and presence and size of different collaterals. Read More

Dig Dis Sci 2020 May 21. Epub 2020 May 21.

Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.

Background: The expanded Baveno-VI criteria may further reduce the need for screening gastroscopy compared to Baveno-VI criteria.

Aim: We sought to validate the performance of these criteria in a cohort of compensated advanced chronic liver disease (cACLD) patients with predominantly hepatitis B infection.

Methods: Consecutive cACLD patients from 2006 to 2012 with paired liver stiffness measurements and screening gastroscopy within 1 year were included. Read More

VideoGIE 2020 May 30;5(5):190-192. Epub 2020 Mar 30.

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2020 May 13. Epub 2020 May 13.

Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Severance Pediatric Liver Disease Research Group, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

Background And Aims: Portoenterostomy is the initial surgical treatment for biliary atresia (BA); however, no curative therapy exists for BA. Varix bleeding is a major complication of end-stage liver disease and must be determined in patients with BA, necessitating routine surveillance using esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). We attempted to validate criteria to identify BA patients requiring EGD. Read More

Cureus 2020 Apr 12;12(4):e7644. Epub 2020 Apr 12.

Gastroenterology, BronxCare Health System, Bronx, USA.

Cameron lesion is an uncommon cause of overt upper gastrointestinal bleed (GI bleed). Though hiatal hernia is a well-known entity, Cameron lesions that may occur in them are usually missed during upper endoscopy. Patient with Cameron lesions usually presents as chronic iron deficiency anemia, rarely as acute GI bleed. Read More

J Clin Exp Hepatol 2020 May-Jun;10(3):189-193. Epub 2019 Nov 6.

SMS Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.

Introduction: India is witnessing high hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection burden in patients of chronic kidney disease. Due to unavailability of costly Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes-recommended directly acting antiviral drugs, a widely available pan-genotypic combination of Sofosbuvir and Velpatasvir can become an economical option. Data regarding treatment experience of sofosbuvir-velpatasvir combination in chronic kidney disease is scarce. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2020 May 12;13(5). Epub 2020 May 12.

Department of Nephrology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK

Critically ill patients are at risk of developing both acute kidney injury (AKI) and invasive fungal infections (IFIs). Prompt and efficient treatment of the IFI is essential for the survival of the patient. This article examines three distinct clinical situations where liposomal amphotericin B, a broad-spectrum antifungal agent, was successfully used in the setting of AKI. Read More

Rev Gastroenterol Peru 2020 Jan-Mar;40(1):29-35

Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas. Lima, Perú; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California. Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Introduction: The diagnosis of esophageal varices in cirrhotic patients is made by the upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Multiple non-invasive predictors have been studied for the diag-nosis of esophageal varices. The objective of this study is to testthe FIB4 index as screening of esophageal varices in patients with liver cirrhosis. Read More

Hepat Med 2020 14;12:49-60. Epub 2020 Apr 14.

Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.

Thrombocytopenia is a frequent complication in patients with cirrhosis. As many as 84% of patients with cirrhosis have thrombocytopenia, and it is an independent variable indicative of advanced disease and poor prognosis. Although there is great concern that it may aggravate bleeding during surgical procedures, there is limited evidence to inform decisions regarding the treatment of cirrhotic patients with thrombocytopenia undergoing invasive procedures. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 Apr;99(17):e19727

Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hainan Branch of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Sanya.

Successful treatment of esophagogastric varices (EGV) with giant portal-systemic shunt is challenging. To explore the feasibility and safety of a novel hybrid procedure involving interventional radiology and endoscopy in the same sitting.Three cases clinically diagnosed to have decompensated cirrhosis and EGV with giant gastrorenal shunt (GRS) on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) were included. Read More

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020 Apr;24(7):3876-3881

First Clinical College of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the value and determine the accuracy of two kinds of scoring models in predicting the degree of esophageal varices (EV) and esophageal variceal bleeding (EVB) in patients with liver cirrhosis (LC).

Patients And Methods: A total of 189 patients with LC, who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), color Doppler ultrasound (CDU), and computed tomography (CT), were retrospectively analyzed. Then, the routine blood examination, liver function test, M-index of the spleen in CT, EGD, and CDU results were recorded. Read More

Orv Hetil 2020 04 1;161(15):583-587. Epub 2020 Apr 1.

Jahn Ferenc Dél-pesti Kórház és Rendelőintézet, Budapest, Köves út 1., 1204.

Introduction: Variceal bleeding is a life-threatening complication of portal hypertension with a six-week mortality rate of approximately 20%. Aim: To analyse whether the changes introduced in the treatment of variceal gastrointestinal haemorrhage in our department affected the mortality rate of these patients. Method: A retrospective method was used to compare the data of patients treated with variceal bleeding in 2014 and 2015. Read More

J Family Med Prim Care 2020 Feb 28;9(2):992-996. Epub 2020 Feb 28.

Department of Medicine, PGIMER, DR. RML HOSPITAL, New Delhi, India.

Introduction: Esophageal varices develop as a consequence of portal hypertension (PHT) in patients with chronic liver disease. Hence, screening of all cirrhotic patients with upper gastrointestinal endoscopy to detect the presence of significant esophageal varices implies a number of unnecessary endoscopies and has its limitation where such facilities are not available, especially in the rural part of country.

Method: Patients with either sex, aged between 18 and 60 years with diagnosis of cirrhosis were studied. Read More

ACG Case Rep J 2020 Jan 20;7(1):e00309. Epub 2020 Jan 20.

University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA.

The use of endoscopic spray cryotherapy to manage pathological conditions of the esophagus has become increasingly common. This mucosal ablation technique is believed to carry a lower risk of bleeding than other modalities. A 71-year-old woman and a 64-year-old man with portal hypertension and varices were diagnosed with invasive esophageal adenocarcinoma during routine variceal surveillance. Read More

ACG Case Rep J 2019 Nov 28;6(11):e00267. Epub 2019 Nov 28.

Department of Gastroenterology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ.

A 59-year-old man with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, recently diagnosed from a renal biopsy, presented to the emergency department with melena, dizziness, and epigastric pain. He was tachycardic and had a hemoglobin level of 6.4 g/dL. Read More

Ann Transl Med 2020 Mar;8(5):186

Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu 610041, China.

Background: To explore whether a multiparametric radiomics nomogram on computed tomography (CT) images based on radiomics and relevant parameters of esophageal varices (EV) can be used for predicting the EV severity in patients with cirrhotic livers.

Methods: From January 2016 to August 2018, 136 consecutive patients with clinicopathologically confirmed liver cirrhosis were included for the development of a predictive model. The patients were then divided into two groups, including non-conspicuous EV group (mild-to-moderate EV, n=30) and conspicuous EV group (severe EV, n=106) by using the endoscopic validation as the reference standard. Read More

Eur J Case Rep Intern Med 2020 12;7(4):001482. Epub 2020 Mar 12.

Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, USA.

Oesophageal varices are a dilated submucosal venous plexus in the lower third of the oesophagus which result from increased pressure in the portal venous system. The portal system is connected to the systemic circulation in specific locations referred to as sites of portosystemic anastomosis. An increase in portal venous pressure is therefore reflected at these anastomotic sites, causing manifestations such as oesophageal varices, rectal varices, caput medusae and splenorenal shunts. Read More

Gastroenterol Res Pract 2020 27;2020:3825186. Epub 2020 Mar 27.

Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command (Formerly General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area), Shenyang 110840, China.

Background And Aims: Left-sided portal hypertension (LSPH) is a rare type of portal hypertension, which occurs due to obstruction, stenosis, or thrombosis within the splenic vein. Pancreatic diseases are the most common etiology of LSPH. This study is aimed at reporting our experiences and discussing the presentation, management, and prognosis of LSPH secondary to pancreatic diseases. Read More

World J Gastroenterol 2020 Apr;26(13):1540-1545

Department of Gastroenterology, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing 100142, China.

Background: Hemolymphangiomas are rare malformations composed of both lymphatic and vascular vessels and are located in the pancreas, spleen, mediastinum, . Small intestinal hemolymphangioma is extremely rare and often presents as obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. It is rarely diagnosed correctly before the operation. Read More

Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2020 Mar;28(3):266-268

Gastroenterology Department, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou 313000, China.

J Hepatol 2020 Apr 13. Epub 2020 Apr 13.

Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address:

Background/aims: Whether the effect of β-blockers on arterial pressure and/or cardiac function may offset the benefit of portal-pressure lowering effect in advanced cirrhosis is controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the systemic and splanchnic hemodynamic effects of β-blockers in decompensated vs compensated cirrhosis and to investigate the influence of systemic hemodynamic changes on survival times in decompensated cirrhosis.

Methods: Patients with cirrhosis and high-risk esophageal varices, without previous bleeding, were consecutively included and grouped according to the presence or absence of cirrhosis decompensation (ascites with or without overt-encephalopathy). Read More

Dig Endosc 2020 Apr 16. Epub 2020 Apr 16.

Department of Gastroenterology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Sapporo Hokushin Hospital, Hokkaido, Japan.

Eur J Clin Invest 2020 May 5;50(5):e13231. Epub 2020 May 5.

Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS-Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.

Background: In patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and compensated advanced chronic liver disease (cACLD), there is evidence that sustained virological response (SVR) to direct-acting antivirals (DAA) may ameliorate portal hypertension, although both the course of oesophageal varices and the performance of their noninvasive predictors following DAA-induced SVR are less defined. In this study, our aim was to assess the variation in oesophageal varices status in HCV patients with cACLD who obtained an SVR to DAAs and to evaluate the diagnostic performance of noninvasive predictors of varices after HCV cure.

Material And Methods: Sixty-three HCV patients with cACLD and SVR to DAAs were prospectively followed up, and oesophageal varices surveillance was carried out according to the Baveno VI indications. Read More

Dig Endosc 2020 Apr 14. Epub 2020 Apr 14.

Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.

COVID-19, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), is now a global pandemic with serious health consequences. Currently, many strict control measures are applied in health care settings, including endoscopy units, in order to limit virus spread. Several recommendations called to limit endoscopic procedures to emergent endoscopies; however, several uncertainties still existing concerning patient safety, protective measures, and infection control methods in emergency endoscopic settings. Read More

Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020 Apr 10. Epub 2020 Apr 10.

Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

Introduction: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of liver and spleen stiffness on magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) for detecting clinically significant portal hypertension.

Methods: A systematic review of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, and the Grey Literature through to 15 August 2019 was performed. Original articles with >10 patients evaluating liver and/or spleen stiffness on MRE using a reference standard of portal hypertension defined as intractable ascites, esophageal varices, encephalopathy and/or death were included in analysis. Read More

JGH Open 2020 Apr 1;4(2):299-300. Epub 2019 Aug 1.

Department of Gastroenterology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh India.

Portal hypertension is a clinical syndrome characterized by splenomegaly, with or without hypersplenism, and esphagogastric varices. Non-cirrhotic portal hypertension (NCPH) belongs to the presinusoidal sub category of portal hypertension. We present the case of a young 35-year-old male who had presented with two episodes of upper gastrointestinal bleed. Read More

JGH Open 2020 Apr 10;4(2):256-259. Epub 2019 Sep 10.

Division of Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Diseases Lahey Hospital and Medical Center Burlington Massachusetts USA.

Background And Aim: Enteric tube (ET) placement is approached with caution in patients with esophageal varices (EV) due to concern of causing variceal bleeding. Data are limited on rates and predictors of gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) in these patients. This study aims to assess the rate and predictors of bleeding from EV after ET placement. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2020 Apr 12;21:e922163. Epub 2020 Apr 12.

Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.

BACKGROUND Mediastinal vascular malformations are rare, and most patients are asymptomatic or present with unrelated symptoms. Imaging can be challenging to interpret, but plays an important role in diagnosis and prognostication. CASE REPORT We present the case of a 48-year-old man with history of intravenous drug abuse and incompletely treated pulmonary tuberculosis. Read More

Dig Endosc 2020 Apr 9. Epub 2020 Apr 9.

Third Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan.

Objectives: Esophageal variceal bleeding can be fatal in patients with liver cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between gastroesophageal flap valve (GEFV) and esophageal variceal bleeding.

Methods: Subjects were cirrhotic patients with endoscopically diagnosed esophageal varices treated at our hospital between 2005 and 2019, excluding those with F3 form and red color (RC) signs at first endoscopy. Read More

Abdom Radiol (NY) 2020 Apr 9. Epub 2020 Apr 9.

Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, 660 First Ave, New York, NY, 10016, USA.

Purpose: To evaluate the correlation between liver stiffness as measured on MR elastography and T1 and T2 relaxation times from T1 and T2 mapping with clinical parameters of liver disease, including the MELD score, MELD-Na and ALBI grade, and endoscopically visible esophageal varices.

Materials And Methods: 223 patients with known or suspected liver disease underwent MRI of the liver with T1 mapping (Look-Locker sequence) and 2D SE-EPI MR elastography (MRE) sequences. 139 of these patients also underwent T2 mapping with radial T2 FS sequence. Read More

Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2020 Jun;34(12):e8799

Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.

Rationale: For pharmaceutical quality control, impurities may have unexpected pharmacological or toxicological effects on quality, safety, and efficacy of drugs. Arginine vasopressin (AVP) is an important cyclic peptide drug that is mainly used for the treatment of diabetes insipidus and esophageal varices bleeding. With the advancement made in analytical techniques, liquid chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC/HRMS) has emerged as a critical technique for the identification and quantification of structurally related peptide impurities in AVP. Read More

Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020 Mar 20. Epub 2020 Mar 20.

Hepatology Department, National Liver Institute, Menofia University.

Introduction: There is a growing need for identification of non-endoscopic, non-invasive methods that can accurately predict esophageal varices (EV). Previous studies found an inconclusive correlation between blood ammonia level and the presence and size of EV.

Aim: We aimed at assessing the value of serum ammonia as a non-invasive method for early prediction of EV. Read More

N Engl J Med 2020 04;382(14):1299-1308

From the Institute of Digestive Disease, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.

Background: It is recommended that patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding undergo endoscopy within 24 hours after gastroenterologic consultation. The role of endoscopy performed within time frames shorter than 24 hours has not been adequately defined.

Methods: To evaluate whether urgent endoscopy improves outcomes in patients predicted to be at high risk for further bleeding or death, we randomly assigned patients with overt signs of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding and a Glasgow-Blatchford score of 12 or higher (scores range from 0 to 23, with higher scores indicating a higher risk of further bleeding or death) to undergo endoscopy within 6 hours (urgent-endoscopy group) or between 6 and 24 hours (early-endoscopy group) after gastroenterologic consultation. Read More

Angiol Sosud Khir 2020 ;26(1):103-112

A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical and Biophysical Center of FMBA, Moscow, Russia.

Aim: The study was aimed at improving the immediate and remote results of splenorenal bypass grafting.

Patients And Methods: A total of 57 patients presenting with hepatic cirrhosis, portal hypertension, and recurrent haemorrhage from oesophageal varices underwent an H-shaped partial splenorenal shunt procedure using an externally reinforced 1.5-2. Read More

Scand J Gastroenterol 2020 Apr 1;55(4):383-394. Epub 2020 Apr 1.

Gastro Unit, Medical Division, Hvidovre Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Detailed knowledge and understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms and changes in hepatic and splanchnic function leading to the development of haemodynamic changes and portal hypertension in patients with cirrhosis are essential since it guides the search for targets to ameliorate liver-related abnormalities. Recent research has focused on the gut-liver axis, changes in intestinal permeability, translocation of bacterial products, and inflammation as important drivers of haemodynamic alterations and thereby targets for treatment. Additionally, treatment strategies should focus on microbiotic modulation, antiangiogenics, anti-inflammatory strategies, and modulation of bile acid metabolism. Read More

Acta Gastroenterol Belg 2020 Jan-Mar;83(1):5-10

Cairo University, Kasr Alainy Faculty of Medicine, Internal Medicine division of Gastroenterology, Cairo, Egypt.

Background And Study Aims: Bleeding esophageal varices is a common life-threatening emergency that carries a significant morbidity and mortality. Acute variceal bleeding is considered active when spurting and/or oozing varix is seen at the time of endoscopy, or inactive in the presence of large esophageal varices with blood in the stomach with no other bleeding source at the time of endoscopy. Aim: comparing endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) versus cyanoacrylate injection (CI) in active esophageal variceal bleeding control. Read More

Cureus 2020 Feb 20;12(2):e7062. Epub 2020 Feb 20.

Gastroenterology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, PAK.

Introduction Gastric varices (GV) are less commonly seen but bleed more severely than esophageal varices (EV). Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS), alcohol injection, and N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (NBCA) are generally used for GV bleed management. NBCA is usually injected endoscopically and is known to be quite successful in the treatment of GV bleeding. Read More

Prz Gastroenterol 2020 19;15(1):60-64. Epub 2020 Mar 19.

National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition, Salvador Zubirán, Mexico.

Introduction: Ectopic varices are those that appear in a different region of the gastroesophageal junction. Bleeding from ectopic varices is rare but is usually massive and deadly.

Aim: To identify the possible factors that cause bleeding from ectopic varices in patients with portal hypertension. Read More

Pediatr Surg Int 2020 May 23;36(5):637-641. Epub 2020 Mar 23.

Department of Radiology, Republican Specialized Scientific Practical Medical Center of Pediatrics, Tashkent, Uzbekistan.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to test the feasibility of spleen stiffness measurement (SSM) by two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) and compare data on its diagnostic use with upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in children with extrahepatic portal hypertension (EHPH) before and after surgery.

Methods: A total of 44 children were included in this study [34 children with EHPH (main group)] and 10 controls (7.57 ± 1. Read More

Gastrointest Endosc 2020 Apr;91(4):782-784

Division of Digestive Diseases, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 Mar;99(12):e19575

Department of Cardiology.

Liver cirrhotic predisposes patients to coagulopathy and bleeding. Little is known about outcomes of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in cirrhotic patients.Data from Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database during 2001 to 2013 were retrieved for patients admitted with cirrhosis and AMI. Read More