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Wien Med Wochenschr 2020 May 26. Epub 2020 May 26.

Diagnostic Consultation Center I, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.

Background: Erythrasma is a superficial skin infection that presents with red-brown, flaky macules. It is caused by the Gram-positive bacteria Corynebacterium minutissimum. The purpose of our study is to investigate the prevalence and incidence of erythrasma in active sportsmen, i. Read More

J Clin Aesthet Dermatol 2020 Mar 1;13(3):12-14. Epub 2020 Mar 1.

Drs. Janeczek, Kozel, Tao, Eilers, and Swan are with the Hines VA Hospital in Hines, Illinois and the Division of Dermatology at Loyola University Chicago in Maywood, Illinois.

Inverse psoriasis is characterized by erythematous nonscaly plaques in intertriginous regions. Similarly, erythrasma, a superficial infection caused by (), is also found in skin folds with red-brown lesions, making the distinction between psoriasis and erythrasma difficult. No studies have previously determined whether these two clinically similar cutaneous disorders can occur concurrently. Read More

Clin Case Rep 2020 Apr 6;8(4):672-674. Epub 2020 Feb 6.

Montefiore Mount Vernon Hospital Mount Vernon New York.

The following are the first detailed cases of Interdigital Pedal Erythrasma successfully treated with a one-time dose of oral clarithromycin 1 g. This is ideal for patients who failed topical therapy or have mechanical or psychosocial restrictions. Treatment provides better compliance, less gastric side effects, and lower treatment costs than oral alternatives. Read More

FP Essent 2020 Feb;489:21-26

Maine-Dartmouth Family Medicine Residency, 15 East Chestnut St, Augusta, ME 04330.

Diabetes is associated with many complications, including foot ulcers. Individuals with diabetes have a 15% to 25% likelihood of developing a foot ulcer in their lifetime. The pathophysiologic mechanisms are multifactorial but the major etiologic factors are peripheral vascular disease and diabetic neuropathy. Read More

J Cutan Med Surg 2020 Jan/Feb;24(1):94

16583 Valme University Hospital, Seville, Spain.

Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2019 1;12(9):3426-3432. Epub 2019 Sep 1.

Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College Bengbu, Anhui, P. R. China.

To analyze the clinical and histopathological manifestations, immunohistochemistry, treatment, and prognostic factors of primary, extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD), we systematically reviewed the clinical presentations, histopathology and follow-up courses of 28 patients with primary EMPD. Clinically, their symptoms and morphology mimicked various types of dermatoses, such as seborrheic dermatitis, eczema, candidiasis, tinea cruris and erythrasma, so the initial diagnosis of EMPD was often delayed or missed. Histopathology showed invasive EMPD, and the tumor cells were mostly solid nests or had a glandular structure. Read More

Clin Colon Rectal Surg 2019 Sep 6;32(5):333-339. Epub 2019 Sep 6.

Centre Médico Chirurgical Volta, La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland.

This article reviews the salient clinical features, evaluation, and treatment of mycotic and bacterial infections of the perianal and contiguous zones of the human body. Read More

Skinmed 2019;17(3):195-196. Epub 2019 Sep 9.

Department of Dermatology, University of California, School of Medicine, San Diego, La Jolla, CA;

Mayo Clin Proc 2019 09;94(9):1902-1903

Dermatology Department, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Spain. Electronic address:

Indian Dermatol Online J 2019 May-Jun;10(3):356-357

Department of Dermatology, SVS Medical College, Yenugonda, Mahbubnagar, Telangana, India.

Dermatol Online J 2018 Aug 15;24(8). Epub 2018 Aug 15.

Veterans Affairs Medical Center Brooklyn, New York SUNY Downstate, Department of Dermatology, Brooklyn, New York.

Erosio interdigitalis blastomycetica (EIB) is a Candida infection affecting the third web space, between the third and fourth fingers. In 1915, Gougerot and Goncea first described saccharomycetic organisms isolated from the hands and feet. Johannes Fabry later named it in 1917, well before the genus Candida was introduced in 1923. Read More

Iran J Public Health 2018 Sep;47(9):1406-1412

Dept. of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Background: Intertrigo is an erythematous inflammatory condition with multiple etiologies including fungi and bacteria. Intertrigo manifests in different clinical forms with various complaints. This study was conducted to evaluate the causative agents of intertriginous infections with emphasize on clinical presentations. Read More

JAAD Case Rep 2018 Sep 12;4(8):743-745. Epub 2018 Sep 12.

Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.

Cutis 2018 Jun;101(6):416;419;420

Departments of Dermatology and Laboratory Medicine, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, Pennsylvania, USA.

Emergencias 2018 Ago;30(4):283

Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, España.

J Fam Pract 2018 02;67(2):107-109

University of Texas Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA. E-mail:

A 49-year-old Hispanic woman presented with a 4-month history of scaling and a macerated rash localized between her toes. The rash was malodorous, mildly erythematous, and sometimes associated with pruritus. The patient had no relevant medical history. Read More

Med J Aust 2017 08;207(5):189

Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW.

Microb Pathog 2017 Sep 27;110:561-567. Epub 2017 Jul 27.

School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran.

Objectives: Superficial and cutaneous fungal infections (SCFIs) are an important public health problem and are common in tropical and subtropical countries. Pityriasis versicolor, dermatophytosis, erythrasma, onychomycosis, and otomycosis are the major diseases associated with SCFIs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and causative agents of dermatomycoses over a period of 10 years in Kerman province, southeast of Iran. Read More

Dermatol Online J 2017 May 15;23(5). Epub 2017 May 15.

Department of Dermatology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California.

Background: Erythrasma is a benign dermatosis that typically occurs on intertriginous skin.

Purpose: We describe a series of nine men with erythrasma that were successfully treated with mupirocin 2% ointment monotherapy.

Methods And Materials: We reviewed PubMed for the following terms: erythrasma, mupirocin, ointment, treatment. Read More

J Cosmet Laser Ther 2017 Oct 11;19(6):360-363. Epub 2017 May 11.

a Kasturba Medical College (KMC), Manipal University , Manipal , India.

Numerous skin lesions have been commonly observed in individuals with diabetes mellitus. The common skin manifestations of diabetes mellitus are erythrasma, xanthomatosis, xanthelasma, phycomycetes and cutaneous infections like furuncolosis, candidiasis, carbuncle, dermatophytosis, etc. Diabetic dermopathy is the most common skin lesion found in patients with diabetes. Read More

J Obstet Gynaecol 2017 Oct 11;37(7):840-848. Epub 2017 Apr 11.

a Department of Dermatology , Bispebjerg Hospital , Copenhagen , Denmark.

A multitude of infectious diseases of viral (genital herpes, herpes zoster, genital warts and molluscum contagiosum), bacterial (syphilis, chancroid, lymphogranuloma venereum, donovanosis, erysipelas, cellulitis and necrotising fasciitis, folliculitis, impetigo, bartholin gland abscess, trichomycosis and erythrasma), fungal (candidiasis and dermatophytosis) and parasitic (pediculosis pubis) origin may affect the vulvar area. Herein, we review the infections and their skin manifestations in the vulvar area. Read More

Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J 2016 Aug 19;16(3):e381-2. Epub 2016 Aug 19.

Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Complex of Granada, Granada, Spain.

Indian Dermatol Online J 2016 May-Jun;7(3):168-73

Department of Dermatology, Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.

Background: Skin infections caused by coryneform bacteria are common dermatological conditions. However, to the best of our knowledge, no studies are available on the clinical characteristics and epidemiological features of this group of disorders as one entity from India and abroad.

Aims: To study the clinical and epidemiological features of coryneform skin infections. Read More

Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2016 Jul-Aug;54(4):458-61

Sección de Micología, Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González", Ciudad de México, México.

Background: Erythrasma is caused by Corinebacterium minutissimum producing a porphyrin that with Wood's light emits a coral-red fluorescence. It is the most common bacterial infection of the feet. Ozonated olive oil decreases the cytoplasm and damages bacterial proteins and lipids. Read More

Mycopathologia 2016 Oct 19;181(9-10):671-9. Epub 2016 May 19.

Department of Mycology and Dermatology Service, Hospital General de México, "Dr. Eduardo Liceaga", Dr. Balmis 148, Col Doctores, CP 06720, Mexico, DF, Mexico.

Diapers create particular conditions of moisture and friction, and with urine and feces come increased pH and irritating enzymes (lipases and proteases). Fungi can take advantage of all these factors. Candida yeasts, especially C. Read More

Acta Dermatovenerol Croat 2015 ;23(4):277-81

Assoc. Prof. Muhterem Polat, MD, Gazi University School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Ankara, Turkey;

The geriatric population is continuously growing, which leads to more aged patients being admitted to dermatology clinics. The aim of this study is to determine the dermatological complaints of the elderly attending a dermatology outpatient clinic. All of the patients aged 65 years and older admitted to our dermatology outpatient clinic over a 1-year period were included. Read More

Clin Dermatol 2015 Jul-Aug;33(4):483-91. Epub 2015 Apr 8.

Tokuda Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria.

Human sweat glands disorders are common and can have a significant impact on the quality of life and on professional, social, and emotional burdens. It is of paramount importance to diagnose and treat them properly to ensure optimal patient care. Hyperhidrosis is characterized by increased sweat secretion, which can be idiopathic or secondary to other systemic conditions. Read More

J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 2015 Mar;105(2):121-4

Background: Erythrasma is a superficial skin infection caused by Corynebacterium minutissimum . Interdigital erythrasma is the most common form and is easily confused with tinea pedis. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of interdigital erythrasma in patients with clinically suspected tinea pedis. Read More

Genome Announc 2015 Mar 19;3(2). Epub 2015 Mar 19.

Special Bacteriology Reference Laboratory, Bacterial Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

Corynebacterium minutissimum was first isolated in 1961 from infection sites of patients presenting with erythrasma, a common cutaneous infection characterized by a rash. Since its discovery, C. minutissimum has been identified as an opportunistic pathogen in immunosuppressed cancer and HIV patients. Read More

Infect Chemother 2014 Dec 29;46(4):261-3. Epub 2014 Dec 29.

Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University School of Medicine, Gil Hospital, Incheon, Korea.

Corynebacterium minutissimum is a non-spore forming, gram-positive, aerobic or facultative anaerobic bacillus. It is the causative organism of erythrasma, a common superficial infection of skin, which typically presents as reddish-brown macular patches. To date, it has rarely been found to cause invasive disease, although other non-diphtheria corynebacteria are becoming increasingly common as opportunistic pathogens. Read More

Braz J Microbiol 2014 9;45(3):781-4. Epub 2014 Oct 9.

Department of Microbiology Kayseri Education and Research Hospital Kayseri Turkey Department of Microbiology, Kayseri Education and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey.

Interdigital foot infections are mostly caused initially by dermatophytes, yeasts and less frequently by bacteria. Erythrasma caused by Corynebacterium minutissimum can be confused with superficial mycoses. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of the etiologic agents of superficial mycoses and the frequency of Corynebacterium minutissimum in interdigital foot infections. Read More

Tunis Med 2014 Apr;92(4):245-8

Background: Erythrasma is a chronic bacterial infection due to Corynebacterium minutissimum, affecting the interspaces of the toes, the axillary folds and the groin. Its impact is underestimated as it is often misdiagnosed ad wrongly taken as a dermatophytic infection.

Aim: Through a hospital series, we report the epidemiologic and clinical features of erythrasma, as well as the therapeutic ways. Read More

JAAPA 2014 Jul;27(7):14-6

Stacey Lynema practices at Mercer Island (Wash.) Dermatology. The author has disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise.

Mycoses 2013 May;56 Suppl 1:38-40

Istituto Clinico San Siro, Milan, Italy.

A warm and moist environment is a common risk factor for erythrasma, a condition characterized by pruritic, scaly and erythematous tan patches on the skin. Here we report on a 13-year-old athletic student presenting with pruritus and mild burning on her left medial thigh, and subsequently diagnosed with erythrasma. The patient was successfully treated with a 5-day regimen of Travocort cream containing isoconazole nitrate 1% and diflucortolone valerate 0. Read More

Int J Dermatol 2012 Nov;51 Suppl 1:37-40, 41-4

Department of Dermatology, CNAM Ex Institut Marchoux, PO Box 251 Faculty of Medicine, University of Bamako, Bamako, Mali.

Dermatitis of the folds (intertrigo) is a frequent reason for attending consultations, particularly in Africa, where the hot and humid climate constitute an aggravating factor. It is a complex pathology with multiple and intricate etiologies. The aim of this study was to describe epidemiological and etiological aspects of dermatitis of the folds in black-skinned subjects in Bamako (Mali). Read More

Aust Fam Physician 2012 Oct;41(10):793-4

University Hospital San Cecilio, Department of Dermatology, Granada, Spain.

Interdigital erosions are frequently due to tinea pedis. However, other infectious conditions, such as candidiasis, erythrasma or bacterial infections, can generate lesions that cannot be differentiated at the clinical level. Microbiological tests are therefore necessary. Read More

J Am Acad Dermatol 2012 Nov;67(5):e217-8

Int J Dermatol 2013 Apr 9;52(4):516-8. Epub 2012 Oct 9.

Mycopathologia 2012 Dec 7;174(5-6):519-21. Epub 2012 Jul 7.

Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.

We report a case of a patient infected by Candida albicans which was identified by direct extraction of DNA from a positive transparent dressing and a swab. The patient was a 32-year-old male who complained of erosion in his inguinal region. Large patches of erythema and erosion were present in his inguinal and perianal region, with soya-bean like residue discharge. Read More

J Drugs Dermatol 2011 Dec;10(12):1472-3

Department of Dermatology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA.

J Am Acad Dermatol 2011 Dec;65(6):1230-1

J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2012 Nov 7;26(11):1372-6. Epub 2011 Oct 7.

Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey.

Background: Erythrasma is a skin infection which is caused by Corynebacterium minutissimum. Interdigital erythrasma is the most common form.

Objective: The aim of this study was to detect the frequency and risk factors of interdigital erythrasma in patients with clinically suspected tinea pedis. Read More

J Dermatolog Treat 2013 Feb 18;24(1):70-4. Epub 2011 Sep 18.

Department of Dermatology, Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.

Unlabelled: Although erythrasma is a superficial skin infection, there is no consensus on the treatment model of erythrasma.

Objective: To compare the efficacy of erythromycin, single-dose clarithromycin and topical fusidic acid in the treatment of erythrasma in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial.

Methods: Hundred and fifty-one patients over 18 years of age were included in this study. Read More

Clin Dermatol 2011 Sep-Oct;29(5):548-56

Department of Dermatology, Second University of Naples, via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy.

Although most skin diseases can be diagnosed with simple visual inspection, laboratory investigations are necessary in several clinical circumstances. This contribution highlights the usefulness of routine diagnostic procedures that are often overlooked and the innovative methods of molecular biology, which are expensive and require an experienced staff. Among the classic diagnostic investigations are (1) the use of Wood's light in many dermatologic disorders (eg, vitiligo, pityriasis versicolor, erythrasma, porphyrias), (2) cytodiagnosis of Tzanck in dermatologic practice (eg, herpetic infections, molluscum contagiosum, leishmaniasis, pemphigus vulgaris, basal cell carcinoma, erythroplasia of Queyrat, Hailey-Hailey disease), and (3) microscopic examination for fungal and bacterial skin infections as well as for mite infestation using potassium hydroxide, simple saline, and Gram stain. Read More

Pol Merkur Lekarski 2011 May;30(179):367-72

Wojskowy Instytut Medyczny w Warszawie, Klinika Dermatologii CSK MON.

Antibiotics are used for systemic and topical skin diseases treatment, taking advantage of their antiseptic, bacteriostatic and also their anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties. In case of localized external skin layers infections, a topical treatment is adequate. In case of widespread and deeper infections a systemic treatment is needed. Read More

Eur J Dermatol 2011 Mar-Apr;21(2):157-61

Laboratory of Skin Bioengineering and Imaging, Department of Dermatopathology, University Hospital Sart Tilman, Liège, Belgium.

Under specific light illumination, particularly ultraviolet (UV) and near-UV light stimulation, the skin produces both specular light reflectance and, possibly, specific fluorescent emission. These properties offer diagnostic clues and disclose some peculiar functions of the skin. A series of superficial infections (erythrasma, some tinea capitis types, tinea/pityriasis versicolor, dermatophytoses, etc. Read More

J Med Microbiol 2011 Jul 10;60(Pt 7):1038-1042. Epub 2011 Mar 10.

Department of Biological Information, Graduate School of Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Japan.

Erythrasma is a superficial skin disease caused by Gram-positive Corynebacterium species. Coral-red fluorescence under Wood's light, strongly suggestive of erythrasma, can be attributed to the presence of porphyrins. Fractionated porphyrin analysis in erythrasma lesions is yet to be reported. Read More

Rev Med Liege 2010 Sep;65(9):521-6

Service de Dermatopathologie, CHU de Liege, Belgique.

Under specific light illumination, skin produces peculiar fluorescent aspects. Such property can be used to provide diagnostic arguments or to disclose some peculiar functions of the skin. Some superficial infections (erythrasma, tinea versicolor, dermatophytic tinea,. Read More

Int J Dermatol 2008 Sep;47(9):884-90

Department of Dermatopathology, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium.

Background: Corynebacterium spp. are diphtheroid bacteria responsible for pitted keratolysis, a common plantar infection confined to the thick stratum corneum.

Aim: To study a series of demographic features of patients suffering from pitted keratolysis, and to present a review of the Corynebacterium-associated infections, including pitted keratolysis, erythrasma, and trichobacteriosis. Read More