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J Cutan Pathol 2019 Feb 3;46(2):97-101. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Robert J. Tomsich Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.

Background: Erythema elevatum diutinum (EED) is a rare vasculitis with variable clinical presentation which diagnosis can be challenging. Herein we want to describe the clinicopathological spectrum of findings in five cases of EED.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed five cases in a single institution collected over a period of 27 years. Read More

Hautarzt 2018 Oct;69(10):878

Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Frauenlobstr. 9-11, 80337, München, Deutschland.

Hautarzt 2018 Oct;69(Suppl 1):31-33

Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Frauenlobstr. 9-11, 80337, München, Deutschland.

J Hand Surg Am 2018 Sep 18. Epub 2018 Sep 18.

Department of Orthopaedics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA.

Erythema elevatum diutinum (EED) is a rare skin disease caused an Arthrus-type immunological reaction to antigen with immune complex deposition in the cutaneous microvasculature, which leads to tissue damage secondary to the effects of complement and leukocytes. It presents as brown or red cutaneous nodules, papules, or plaques, often on the extensor surfaces of the hands, knees, or elbows. Onset usually occurs in the fourth to sixth decades but possibly younger in patients with human immunodeficiency virus. Read More

JAAD Case Rep 2018 Sep 18;4(8):824-826. Epub 2018 Sep 18.

Dermatology Department, Hôtel-Dieu University Hospital, Nantes, France.

J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2018 Oct;31(10):1165-1168

Ghent University, Department of Pediatrics and Medical Genetics, Ghent, Belgium.

Background The association of hyperthyroidism with renal disease is very rare and the importance of timely clinical recognition cannot be overemphasized. Case presentation An 11-year-old girl presented with gastrointestinal symptoms while hypertension, edema and abdominal pain were noticed on clinical examination. Laboratory investigation revealed: hemoglobin 9. Read More

Dermatol Online J 2018 05 15;24(5). Epub 2018 May 15.

Medstar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia.

A 24-year-old man with untreated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection consulted our outreach clinic owing to the development of numerous asymptomatic nodules on his palms and fingers. Histopathologic evaluation revealed leukocytoclastic vasculitis and prominent fibrosis with a neutrophilic infiltrate consistent with erythema elevatum diutinum (EED). We referred the patient for initiation of antiretroviral therapy and started him on dapsone. Read More

Int J Dermatol 2018 Aug 3. Epub 2018 Aug 3.

The Kimberly and Eric J. Waldman Department of Dermatology and Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.

Erythema elevatum diutinum (EED) is a rare cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis thought to be related to increased levels of circulating antibodies. It has been shown to be associated with HIV infection, tuberculosis, as well as various autoimmune diseases. A retrospective review of all cases of EED indexed in PubMed between 1990 and 2014 was performed. Read More

Pediatr Rev 2018 Aug;39(8):418-420

Department of Pediatrics, Cohen Children's Medical Center at Northwell Health, New Hyde Park, NY.

An Bras Dermatol 2018 Jul-Aug;93(4):614-615

Service of Dermatology, Hospital Guilherme Álvaro, Centro Universitário Lusíada, Santos (SP), Brazil.

Cutis 2018 Jun;101(6):462-465

Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, USA.

Erythema elevatum diutinum (EED) is a rare, chronic, cutaneous small vessel vasculitis of unclear pathogenesis. Classically, lesions present as symmetric red to purple plaques, papules, and nodules overlying joints. First-line therapy is dapsone. Read More

Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2018 Apr-Jun;40(2):192-195. Epub 2018 Feb 17.

Centro Hospitalar de São João EPE, Porto, Portugal.

J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2018 May;16(5):617-620

Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Germany.

J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2018 May;16(5):616-619

Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Deutschland.

Am J Dermatopathol 2018 Oct;40(10):767-771

Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linko, Taipei, Taiwan.

Scrub typhus is becoming a clinically important cause of acute undifferentiated febrile illness in Taiwan. The incubation period is between 6 and 21 days after exposure. It is transmitted by chiggers (larva of trombiculid mite) in long grasses and in dirt-floor homes, with infection characterized by a flu-like illness of fever, headache, and myalgia lasting approximately 1 week. Read More

J Clin Rheumatol 2018 Mar 6. Epub 2018 Mar 6.

School of Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham, AL University of Central Florida Orlando,

Dermatol Online J 2017 Oct 15;23(10). Epub 2017 Oct 15.

Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. michael_

Erythema elevatum diutinum (EED) is a rare, chronic small-vessel vasculitis that presents as firm, red, violaceous, or brown papules and nodules on the extensor surfaces of the limbs. Oral dapsone is considered first-line therapy for EED; in the current case report, a patient presenting with EED began dapsone treatment and symptoms subsided within two weeks. Seven months later, the patient became pregnant and stopped dapsone owing to her concerns with dapsone use during pregnancy, resulting in recurrence of EED symptoms. Read More

Int J Dermatol 2018 05 20;57(5):622-624. Epub 2018 Feb 20.

Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Complex, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.

Clin Exp Dermatol 2018 Jun 9;43(4):494-496. Epub 2018 Feb 9.

Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.

G Ital Dermatol Venereol 2018 Apr 24;153(2):265-272. Epub 2018 Jan 24.

Unit of Dermatology, Carlo Urbai Hospital, AREA Vasta 2 ASUR Marche, Jesi, Ancona, Italy -

The neutrophilic dermatoses (NDs) comprise a group of heterogeneous disorders characterized by inflammatory skin lesions that histologically show an intense inflammatory infiltrate composed primarily by neutrophils, with no evidence of infection or vasculitis. Although there are distinct clinical differences in the classical lesions of these disorders, many patients have overlapping features. In this review, we describe the clinical aspects of the main NDs, including: Sweet Syndrome, ND of the dorsal hands, pyoderma gangrenosum, erythema elevatum diutinum, subcorneal pustular dermatosis, neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis, rheumatoid neutrophilic dermatitis, neutrophilic panniculitis, and aseptic abscesses including their association with underlying diseases and the differential diagnoses. Read More

Am J Dermatopathol 2018 Jun;40(6):442-444

Dermatopathology Department, Friedrichshafen Dermatopathologie, Friedrichshafen, Germany.

Erythema elevatum diutinum (EED) is a rare dermatosis with evolving histopathological features that vary according to the age of the lesions, with a variable fibrosis and a fascicled proliferation of spindle cells in late phases. The authors present an otherwise healthy 57-year-old woman with multiple indurated nodules on the inner aspect of both feet. Skin biopsy showed storiform interlacing bundles of spindled cells with plump nuclei and some areas with neutrophils and leukocytoclasia. Read More

J Cutan Pathol 2018 03 2;45(3):246-248. Epub 2018 Jan 2.

Department of Dermatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital & Medical School, Beijing, China.

Ann Pathol 2018 Feb 27;38(1):31-42. Epub 2017 Dec 27.

Département de pathologie, service d'anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques, hôpital Henri-Mondor, AP-HP, 51, avenue du Maréchal-de-Lattre-de-Tassigny, 94010 Créteil, France. Electronic address:

Humoral immunity is the cause of multiple diseases related to antibodies (IgA, IgG, IgM) produced by the patient. Two groups of diseases are identified. The first group is related to circulating antigen-antibody complexes. Read More

BMC Cancer 2017 12 6;17(1):831. Epub 2017 Dec 6.

School of Medical Sciences (FCM), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 126 Tessália Vieira de Camargo Street, Campinas, SP, 13083-8871, Brazil.

Background: Leukocytoclastic vasculitis is typically mediated by deposition of immune complexes and is related to many causes, including medication. To the best of our knowledge, leukocytoclastic vasculitis related to cisplatin has not yet been described in the scientific literature.

Case Presentation: We report a rare case of leukocytoclastic vasculitis after the first cycle of high-dose cisplatin chemotherapy in a patient with larynx carcinoma. Read More

Therapie 2018 May - Jun;73(3):295-297. Epub 2017 Nov 7.

Department of pharmacovigilance, Sousse university, faculty of medicine, avenue Mohamed Karoui, 4002 Sousse, Tunisia.

J Cutan Pathol 2018 Jan 22;45(1):94-96. Epub 2017 Nov 22.

Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.

Erythema elevatum diutinum (EED) is a rare, cutaneous vasculitis of uncertain origin. EED can present clinically as chronic bilateral, symmetrical, periarticular papules, plaques and nodules. We report here an unusual case of EED presenting as multiple, densely fibrosing nodules on the feet of a 60-year-old human immunodeficiency virus positive woman. Read More

JAAD Case Rep 2017 Sep 8;3(5):444-447. Epub 2017 Sep 8.

Department of Dermatology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas.

Acta Reumatol Port 2017 Oct-Dec;42(4):324-328

Erythema elevatum diutinum is a rare neutrophilic dermatoses with vasculitis, which presents as persistent, symmetrical, purple or brownish papules and nodules, mainly in the extensor surface of the limbs. We describe a case of erythema elevatum diutinum and polyarthritis as initial manifestations of Crohn's disease associated spondyloarthritis. A 51-year-old man, from São Tomé e Príncipe, with previous history of treated tuberculosis and chronic hepatitis B infection, was admitted due to 4 months history of polyarthritis, hyperpigmented papules on the extensor surfaces, occasional episodes of bloody mucous diarrhea and significant weight loss. Read More

Pan Afr Med J 2017 11;27:29. Epub 2017 May 11.

University of Health Sciences, Umraniye Research and Training Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Istanbul, Turkey.

Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is the most common form of childhood vasculitis. Various viral and bacterial infections, drugs, vaccines, food allergy and even insect bites have been considered as triggering factors in pathogenesis of HSP. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, which is associated with HSP, have been rarely reported. Read More

Actas Dermosifiliogr 2018 May 11;109(4):353-354. Epub 2017 Jul 11.

Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Valencia, España.

Clin Exp Dermatol 2017 Oct 22;42(7):777-780. Epub 2017 Jun 22.

Unidad de Gestión Clínica Dermatología y Venereología, Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Cádiz, Spain.

The vesiculobullous variant of erythema elevatum diutinum (EED) is a very rare variant of EED. We describe a 16-year-old boy who presented with symmetrical nodular lesions accompanied by vesicles on the dorsa of his hands. Biopsy findings were consistent with EED. Read More

Clin Exp Dermatol 2017 Jul 17;42(5):573-575. Epub 2017 May 17.

Department of Dermatology, Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Am J Transl Res 2017 15;9(4):1956-1959. Epub 2017 Apr 15.

Department of Dermatopathology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghai, China.

Erythema elevatum diutinum (EED) is a rare chronic inflammatory dermatosis and a part of the spectrum of cutaneous leukocytoclasticvasculitis. The most common site of involvement is extensor surface of the extremities, with a predilection for the skin overlying joints, particularly hands, feet, elbows and knees, as well as buttocks and Achilles tendons. Here we report a case of EED with atypical presentation involving palms and soles. Read More

Indian J Pharmacol 2017 Jan-Feb;49(1):124-126

Treatwell Skin Centre, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India.

Drug-induced leukocytoclastic vasculitis is a small-vessel vasculitis that most commonly manifests with palpable purpuric lesions on gravity-dependent areas. Vasculitis occurs within weeks after initial administration of medication and demonstrates clearance upon withdrawal of medication. Levetiracetam, a pyrrolidone derivative, is used as an adjunctive therapy in patients with refractory focal epilepsy, myoclonic epilepsy, and primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Read More

JAAD Case Rep 2017 May 14;3(3):212-214. Epub 2017 Apr 14.

Department of Dermatology, Whipps Cross University Hospital, Barts Health, London, United Kingdom.

Clin Exp Dermatol 2017 Apr 10. Epub 2017 Apr 10.

Department of Dermatology, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin, 12, Ireland.

Arch Rheumatol 2017 Dec 9;32(4):370-372. Epub 2017 Mar 9.

Department of Dermatology, Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.

Am J Med Sci 2017 Feb 20;353(2):189. Epub 2016 May 20.

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Elmhurst Hospital Center, Elmhurst, New York.

Cardiovasc Pathol 2017 Mar - Apr;27:68-70. Epub 2017 Jan 24.

Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.

Immunological vascular phenomena can be the initial manifestation of bacterial infection and endocarditis. Here, we report a rare case of leukocytoclastic vasculitis without immune complexes or cryoglobulinemia in a patient with infective endocarditis, congenital heart disease, and a prior mechanical valve replacement. The patient completely recovered following antibiotic therapy, and skin lesions disappeared without immune suppression, which suggested infection-mediated vasculitis. Read More

Am J Dermatopathol 2017 Feb;39(2):111

*School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR; and †Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR.

Am J Nephrol 2017 28;45(3):209-216. Epub 2017 Jan 28.

Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.

Background: Cocaine is a risk factor for acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease with progression to end-stage renal disease. Levamisole is an adulterant that is added to cocaine to enhance its euphoric effects. Levamisole-adulterated cocaine (LAC) is associated with the distinct clinical syndromes of agranulocytosis, leukocytoclastic vasculitis, cocaine-induced midline destructive lesions (CIMDL), and ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) with pauci-immune necrotizing glomerulonephritis. Read More

Perm J 2017 18;21. Epub 2016 Nov 18.

Consultant in Medicine at The Dunedin Hospital; an Honorary Clinical Senior Lecturer at the University of Otago School of Medicine in Dunedin, New Zealand; Clinical Assistant Professor of Medicine at Stanford University School of Medicine; and a Hospitalist at the Santa Clara Medical Center in CA.

Introduction: Pyridostigmine is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor commonly used in the treatment of myasthenia gravis. We describe a patient who developed a rash after recently being started on pyridostigmine and give a general review of leukocytoclastic vasculitis.

Case Presentation: A 91-year-old man was diagnosed with ocular myasthenia gravis. Read More

J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2017 Mar 5;26(3):e47-e49. Epub 2017 Jan 5.

Stroke Unit, Mediterraneo Hospital, Athens, Greece.

Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA, previously named Churg-Strauss syndrome) is a form of necrotizing vasculitis occurring in patients with asthma and eosinophilia. Ischemic stroke is a relatively rare complication of the disease. We report a case of a 63-year-old woman with multiple embolic infarcts, hypereosinophilia (for >7 years), and skin rash. Read More

JAAD Case Rep 2017 Jan 21;3(1):1-3. Epub 2016 Dec 21.

Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical College, Aurora, Colorado.

Am J Dermatopathol 2017 Jun;39(6):479-484

*Department of Pathology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY; and †Departamento de Dermatología, Area de Dermatopatología, Hospital Luis Vernaza, Guayaquil, Ecuador.

One of the pathogenic causes of cutaneous inflammatory pseudotumors is chronic localized fibrosing leukocytoclastic vasculitis (CLFLCV), a vasculitic reaction pattern seen in granuloma faciale (GF), a localized vasculitis, and erythema elevatum diutinum (EED), a generalized vasculitis. Patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) are at risk for a diverse spectrum of cutaneous neutrophilic dermatoses such as EED. Herein, we report a 74-year-old man who presented with a large ulcerative, fungating tumor affecting the right flexor ankle caused by CLFLCV. Read More

Clin Exp Dermatol 2017 Mar 29;42(2):235-236. Epub 2016 Nov 29.

Department of Dermatology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan.

Actas Dermosifiliogr 2016 Nov 28;107(9):795-797. Epub 2016 Jun 28.

Servicios de Dermatologia, del Hospital Universitario Severo Ochoa, Avda. de Orellana s/n. 28911 - Leganés (Madrid), Spain.

Turk J Haematol 2017 03 31;34(1):116-117. Epub 2016 Oct 31.

Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Nephrology, İstanbul, Turkey E-mail:

Tumori 2016 Nov 11;102(Suppl. 2). Epub 2016 Nov 11.

Institute of Hematology L. and A. Seràgnoli, University of Bologna, Bologna - Italy.

Background: Autoimmune manifestations may occur in patients with hairy cell leukemia (HCL), and some rare cases of polyarteritis nodosa and leukocytoclastic vasculitis have been reported. However, data regarding the treatment of these cutaneous manifestations are lacking, given the rarity of the concomitance of HCL and vasculitic syndromes.

Case Presentation: We present a 37-year-old man with paraneoplastic leukocytoclastic vasculitis complicating newly diagnosed HCL. Read More