Clin Exp Dermatol 2017 Jun 9. Epub 2017 Jun 9.

Department of Dermatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.

A 44-year-old woman with seronegative polyarthritis presented with a 2-year history of a solitary, bluish-red, oedematous, nonscaly, annular and partially reticulated macule on her right thigh. Histopathological findings revealed perivascular and periadnexal lymphocytic infiltrate in the dermis. Alcian blue and colloidal iron stains highlighted mucinous deposit in the upper and mid dermis. Read More

Am J Dermatopathol 2017 May;39(5):344-350

*Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan; †Department of Dermatology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; and ‡Department of Cosmetic Applications and Management, MacKay Medicine, Nursing and Management College, Taipei, Taiwan.

Neutrophilic figurate erythema (NFE) has been rarely reported. This study aimed to identify the clinical and pathological features of NFE. We retrospectively reviewed the information from diagnostic cases from 2000 to 2013. Read More

J Dermatolog Treat 2017 Jan 6:1-6. Epub 2017 Jan 6.

a Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology , University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany.

Annular pustular psoriasis (annular PP) is a rare but severe variant of psoriasis, which may even occur in early childhood. At this age, therapeutic options are limited and medication issues can be challenging. We report clinical features, diagnostic findings and treatment of an 11-month-old girl with annular PP. Read More

Clin Exp Dermatol 2016 Dec 20;41(8):906-910. Epub 2016 Oct 20.

Department of Oncology, Hospital Casa de Salud, Valencia, Spain.

Erythema annulare centrifugum (EAC) is a clinical reaction pattern that includes lupus erythematosus, spongiotic dermatitis (particularly pityriasis rosea), pseudolymphoma and cutaneous B-cell lymphoma. However, it can be the result of cutaneous metastasis by an internal carcinoma. We present the case of a 38-year-old woman with bilateral inflammatory breast cancer following multimodal therapy. Read More

Acta Dermatovenerol Croat 2016 Jun;24(2):154-7

Giovanni Paolino, MD, Viale del Policlinico, Rome, Italy;

Dear Editor, Cutaneous metastases (CM) are detected in about 0.6-10.4% of patients with an internal malignancy (1-3). Read More

Pediatr Dermatol 2016 Sep 24;33(5):501-6. Epub 2016 Jun 24.

Division of Dermatology, Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.

Objectives: Erythema annulare centrifugum (EAC) is an uncommon eruption that may be a hypersensitivity reaction. Treatment of EAC is best accomplished by eliminating the underlying cause. Although many triggers have been reported, the inciting factor is unknown in most patients. Read More

Clin Dermatol 2016 May-Jun;34(3):335-43. Epub 2016 Feb 11.

Department of Dermatology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; Department of Dermatology, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island.

A switch from cell-mediated to humoral immunity (helper T 1 [Th1] to helper T 2 [Th2] shift) during gestation plays a key role in placental immune tolerance. As a result, skin diseases that are Th2 mediated often worsen, whereas skin diseases that are Th1 mediated often improve during gestation. Also, due to fluctuations in glandular activity, skin diseases involving sebaceous and eccrine glands may flare, whereas those involving apocrine glands may improve during pregnancy. Read More

Ann Dermatol 2016 Apr 31;28(2):257-9. Epub 2016 Mar 31.

Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.

JAAD Case Rep 2015 Mar 11;1(2):82-4. Epub 2015 Mar 11.

Division of Dermatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Turk J Haematol 2016 Mar;33(1):81-2

İstanbul University İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, İstanbul, Turkey. E-mail:

An Bras Dermatol 2015 Nov-Dec;90(6):925-7

Department of Pathology, Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

Erythema annulare centrifugum is a figurate erythema of unknown etiology. It has been associated with many different entities, including infections, food allergy, drug reactions and malignant neoplasms. Herein, we report a case of erythema annulare centrifugum as presenting sign of activation of breastcancer. Read More

Indian J Dermatol 2015 Sep-Oct;60(5):519

Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

Background: Erythema annulare centrifugum (EAC) is an inflammatory dermatosis with unknown etiology. It is usually self-limited, but chronic disease may be difficult to treat. We observed incidentally the therapeutic effect of erythromycin for EAC among patients taking erythromycin for other diseases. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2015 Oct 22;9:236. Epub 2015 Oct 22.

Department of Dermatology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via del Pozzo 71, 41100, Modena, Italy.

Introduction: Erythema annulare centrifugum is a rare cutaneous disease characterized by erythematous and violaceous annular plaques that usually involved the thighs and the legs. The eruption may be associated with an underlying disease and its accompanying characteristic symptoms. For these reasons, a full physical examination should be conducted to exclude underlying disorders. Read More

An Bras Dermatol 2015 May-Jun;90(3 Suppl 1):77-80

Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual, São Paulo, SP, BR.

Palpable migratory arciform erythema is an entity of unknown etiology, with few published cases in the literature. The clinical and histopathological features of this disease are difficult to be distinguished from those of Jessner's lymphocytic infiltration of the skin, lupus erythematous tumidus and the deep erythema annulare centrifugum. We describe here the first two Brazilian cases of palpable migratory arciform erythema. Read More

JAMA Dermatol 2015 Dec;151(12):1385-1386

Department of Dermatology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.

J Cutan Med Surg 2015 May-Jun;19(3):203-4

Acta Derm Venereol 2015 Nov;95(8):1032-3

Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University ul. Chalubinskiego 1, PL-50-368 Wroclaw, Poland.

Br J Haematol 2015 Jul 18;170(2):140. Epub 2015 May 18.

Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.

Indian Pediatr 2015 Apr;52(4):356-7

Department of Dermatology, Katihar Medical College and Hospital, Katihar, Bihar, India.

J Cutan Med Surg 2015 Jan-Feb;19(1):10. Epub 2015 Jan 1.

Clin Exp Dermatol 2015 Jun 3;40(4):466-7. Epub 2015 Feb 3.

Department of Dermatology , Royal Free Hospital, London, UK.

Dermatol Online J 2015 Dec 16;21(12). Epub 2015 Dec 16.

New York University School of Medicine.

Erythema annulare centrifugum (EAC) is a reactive erythema with distinct, annular, erythematous plaques with trailing scale. This condition has been associated with various etiologies, which include an associated malignant condition. EAC with cancers or paraneoplastic erythema annulare centrifugum eruptions (PEACE), is more likely to be associated with lymphoproliferative malignancies such as lymphomas and leukemias. Read More

Lupus 2014 Oct 6;23(11):1197-200. Epub 2014 May 6.

Department of Pathology, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Suchita Kriplani Hospital, Delhi, India.

A case of systemic lupus erythematosus presenting as erythema annulare centrifugum involving atypical sites (face, palm and sole) and raised serum angiotensin-converting enzyme levels has been illustrated. Read More

Eksp Klin Farmakol 2014 ;77(3):28-32

The article reports survey data on 23 patients with erythemas, including 19 patients with herpes-associated erythema multiforme (HAEM) and 4 patients with Darier's erythema annulare centrifugum (DEAC). Patients in the initial state (baseline) and after two weeks of therapy with proteflazid were characterized by measuring the levels of Toll-like receptor (TLR) expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and in epithelial cells of the throat and the skin. The TLR expression in PBMC and skin was assessed by flow cytometry with monoclonal antibodies (ICA) (Caltag Laboratories, USA; Hycult Biotech, Netherlands) against relevant antigens. Read More

Ann Dermatol Venereol 2014 Mar 10;141(3):219-20. Epub 2014 Jan 10.

Service de dermatologie vénérologie, centre hospitalier Ibn Rochd, 1, quartier des Hôpitaux, 20360 Casablanca, Maroc.

Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol 2013 Nov-Dec(6):87-94

Aim: Detection of features of functioning ofinnate and adaptive immunity pathways in patients with Darier erythema annulare centrifugum (EAC).

Materials And Methods: 14 EAC patients aged 14 - 52 years were examined. The patients were ranked based on therapy variant. Read More

J Formos Med Assoc 2015 Jul 16;114(7):670-1. Epub 2014 Feb 16.

Department of Dermatology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Applied Cosmetology, National Tainan Institute of Nursing, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC. Electronic address:

J Cutan Med Surg 2014 Jan-Feb;18(1):65-8

Background: Pegylated interferon-α combined with ribavirin is the current standard treatment for chronic hepatitis C virus infection. During interferon and ribavirin therapy, both local and generalized mucocutaneous adverse reactions have been reported. Erythema annulare centrifugum induced by this therapy regimen has not been reported previously. Read More

J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2014 Aug 13;28(8):1125-7. Epub 2013 Dec 13.

Dermatology and Venereology Department, Hospital de Curry Cabral, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central, Lisboa, Portugal.

Dermatology 2013 14;226(4):298-301. Epub 2013 Aug 14.

Department of Dermatology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.

Erythema papulatum centrifugum (EPC) was first described in 1962 by Watanabe [Jpn J Dermatol 1962;72:573] as eczematous lesions extending centrifugally. To date, more than 150 cases have been reported, but only in the Japanese literature. A review of the Japanese literature including our 5 new cases reveals that EPC occurs in middle-aged persons, predominantly in males, as a single lesion on the trunk that is self-limiting but recurs frequently. Read More

Indian J Dermatol 2013 Jul;58(4):329

Department of Dermatology, Kasturba Medical College and Hospital, Manipal University, Manipal, India. E-mail:

Dermatol Reports 2013 Jul 29;5(1):e1. Epub 2013 Jul 29.

Department of Infectious Diseases and HIV, St. Michael's Hospital , Toronto, Ontario ; Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle , Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Current standard of treatment for chronic hepatitis C virus infection requires the use of pegylated interferon plus ribavirin. Treatment with these two agents has been associated with numerous side effects, which frequently include dermatologic eruptions. We report a cutaneous eruption associated with interferon having clinical presentation of erythema annulare centrifugum. Read More

Acta Dermatovenerol Croat 2013 ;21(1):56-8

QJM 2014 Mar 14;107(3):231-2. Epub 2013 May 14.

Dermatol Online J 2012 Dec 15;18(12):21. Epub 2012 Dec 15.

The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University School of Medicine, USA.

Erythema annulare centrifugum (EAC) is a gyrate erythema, which is typically characterized by annular, erythematous plaques with trailing scale. It is considered to be a reactive condition with a wide variety of inciting causes but unclear pathophysiology. The mean duration of the eruption is 11 months. Read More

Am J Med Sci 2014 May;347(5):414

J Cutan Med Surg 2012 Nov-Dec;16(6):442-4

Division of Dermatology and Cutaneous Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G3.

Background: Erythema annulare centrifugum (EAC) represents a hypersensitivity reaction to a variety of conditions, many of which have been reported in the literature.

Methods And Results: We report on a 38-year-old woman with a 5-year history of recurrent polycylic, arcuate, scaly, erythematous patches with central clearing on her thighs and trunk. Clinical examination and biopsy were both consistent with a diagnosis of EAC. Read More

Eur J Pediatr 2013 Jun 14;172(6):847-9. Epub 2012 Oct 14.

Department of Neonatology, Etlik Zübeyde Hanım Women's Health Teaching and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.

We report a case of erythema annulare centrifugum (EAC) with neonatal onset. The patient presented on the fourth day of life with erythematous papules that enlarged centrifugally to form annular or policyclic plaques on anterior surface of trunk and legs without signs of systemic toxicity. Subsequently, she developed sepsis and disseminated intravascular coagulation and died on the sixth day of life. Read More

J UOEH 2012 Sep;34(3):225-9

Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan.

Erythema annulare centrifugum (EAC) presents as erythematous or urticarial papules, each with an annular shape, that exhibit peripheral extension. Internal malignancies are occasionally associated with EAC, and infectious diseases, including fungal, bacterial or viral infections, have also been regarded as possible causes of EAC. A 35-year-old man had a 1-week history of a painful vesicular eruption over the trunk corresponding to dermatomes Th8-10. Read More

Acta Derm Venereol 2013 Mar;93(2):208-9

J Dermatol 2012 Nov 4;39(11):909-15. Epub 2012 Jul 4.

Department of Dermatology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA.

An association of melanocytic nevus with eccrine glands has been well-documented and well-known as eccrine-centered nevus. Non-giant congenital nevi sometimes contain angiocentric and/or adnexocentric growth of nevus cells. Blood vessels are the most prominent site of nevus cell infiltration and propagation. Read More

G Ital Dermatol Venereol 2012 Feb;147(1):129-31

G Ital Dermatol Venereol 2012 Feb;147(1):123-6

Dermatology & STD, Milan, Italy. progderm @ katamail.com

"Reactive erythemas" is an umbrella term grouping several different conditions, all of which have in common the fact of being stereotypical inflammatory clinical patterns of the skin in response to disparate infectious, immune, or toxic factors. Typically, such eruptions are symmetrical or disseminated. The here reported cases are different. Read More

Am J Clin Dermatol 2012 Aug;13(4):239-46

Medical School, The University of Texas Houston Medical School, Houston, TX, USA.

Erythema annulare centrifugum is a reactive erythema of various possible etiologies including, although less often, an associated cancer. Cancer-related erythema annulare centrifugum is most commonly associated with lymphoproliferative malignancies, specifically lymphoma and leukemia. Malignancy-associated erythema annulare centrifugum is more frequently seen in women than men and the presence of skin lesions usually precedes the clinical diagnosis of the underlying malignancy. Read More

Crit Rev Microbiol 2012 Aug 3;38(3):191-202. Epub 2012 Feb 3.

Çukurova University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Adana, Turkey.

Id reactions are a type of secondary inflammatory reaction that develops from a remote localized immunological insult. To date, id reactions caused by various fungal, bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections have been reported. Superficial fungal infections, especially tinea pedis, are the most common cause of id reactions. Read More

Acta Derm Venereol 2012 May;92(3):333-4

Open Neurol J 2012 31;6:179-86. Epub 2012 Dec 31.

Medical Practice for Dermatology, Venerology, Occupational Dermatology and Environmental Medicine, Kempten, Bavaria, Germany.

Lyme Borreliosis, or Lyme's disease, manifests itself in numerous skin conditions. Therapeutic intervention should be initiated as soon as a clinical diagnosis of erythema migrans is made. The histopathology of some of the skin conditions associated with Lyme Borreliosis is characterised by structural changes to collagen, and sometimes also elastic fibres. Read More

Australas J Dermatol 2011 Nov 24;52(4):e11-3. Epub 2010 Aug 24.

Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.

A considerable number of recent reports have documented mycosis fungoides resembling many other dermatoses. Due to highly variable presentations and the sometimes non-specific nature of histological findings, an accurate diagnosis of mycosis fungoides can be difficult. Erythema annulare centrifugum-like mycosis fungoides with a variety of annular, polycyclic erythematous skin lesions is a recently recognized atypical manifestation of mycosis fungoides, and only a few cases have been reported to date. Read More

J Dermatol 2011 Sep;38(9):920-22

Intern Med J 2011 Mar;41(3):286-8

Departments of Internal Medicine Pathology, Wayne State University/DMC Division of Hematology/Oncology, Wayne State University/Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.

Off-label use of lenalidomide (Len) in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is becoming increasingly frequent. When compared with thalidomide, Len has been reported to have more potent anti-tumour activity and a better safety profile. However, dermatological side-effects are known to occur with both drugs. Read More