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Am J Emerg Med 2021 May 13;49:114-116. Epub 2021 May 13.

Department of Pediatrics, Section on Infectious Disease, United States of America. Electronic address:

Acute epiglottitis is an airway emergency presenting with edema and inflammation of the epiglottis and aryepiglottic folds [1]. Infectious and other non-infectious etiologies may cause significant airway injury presenting with similar clinical symptoms and radiographic findings [1]. While many causes of thermal epiglottitis have been described in the pediatric and young adult population, we describe an unusual case of an adolescent patient with cannabis induced thermal epiglottitis. Read More

Am J Otolaryngol 2021 May 19;42(6):103084. Epub 2021 May 19.

ENT Dept. University Hospital Waterford, Ireland.

Aims: Acute supraglottitis (AS) can be a life threatening infection that may lead to sudden airway obstruction. Thankfully, paediatric instances have decreased with public health vaccination programmes. Owing to the nature of the location of pathology, this time sensitive emergency requires astute clinical acumen and awareness of early warning signs. Read More

Laryngoscope 2021 Apr 8. Epub 2021 Apr 8.

Hallym Data Science Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, South Korea.

Objectives/hypothesis: This study investigated the impacts of air pollution and meteorological factors on the occurrence of epiglottitis.

Study Design: A nested case-control study.

Methods: Participants ≥40 years old in the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort were analyzed. Read More

Am J Forensic Med Pathol 2021 Jun;42(2):164-169

From the Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China.

Abstract: As of August 23, 2020, the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has infected more than 23,518,340 people and caused more than 810,492 deaths worldwide including 4,717 deaths in China. We present a case of a 53-year-old woman who was admitted to the hospital because of dry coughs and high fever on January 26, 2020, in Wuhan, China. She was not tested for SARS-CoV-2 RNA until on hospital day 11 (illness day 21) because of a significant shortage of test kits at the local hospital. Read More

Am J Otolaryngol 2021 Mar-Apr;42(2):102882. Epub 2021 Jan 4.

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA.

Purpose: Evaluate trends in mortality due to acute epiglottitis before and after adoption of Haemophilus influenza Type b vaccination (Hib) in pediatric and adult populations.

Materials And Methods: Patients who died from acute epiglottis from 1979 to 2017 identified using National Vital Statistics System. Mortality rates calculated using age-adjusted US census data expressed in rate per 100,000 individuals. Read More

Head Neck Pathol 2020 Dec 28. Epub 2020 Dec 28.

Vanderbilt University Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1215 21st Ave. S. Suite 7209, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.

Supraglottitis is a life-threatening, predominantly bacterial disease that is rarely caused by viral etiologies. Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) supraglottitis has been infrequently reported, but its presentation can mimic that of bacterial supraglottitis or pharyngitis which may lead to delayed diagnosis and increased morbidity. We present a case of supraglottitis in an immunocompetent man initially thought to have bacterial epiglottitis. Read More

Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis 2020 Dec 24. Epub 2020 Dec 24.

Service d'ORL et Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, 4, Rue Larrey, 49100 Angers, France; Équipe MitoLab, UMR CNRS 6015, U1083 INSERM, Institut MitoVasc, SFR ICAT, Université d'Angers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Bâtiment IRIS/IBS, Rue des Capucins, 49933 Angers cedex 9, France.

Objectives: To identify contributive criteria in decision-making for intubation in acute epiglottitis, based on clinical and endoscopic data in adult patients, and to study clinical and biological characteristics and management.

Materials And Methods: Diagnosis was established by flexible endoscopy showing epiglottic edema in association with general signs of sepsis in 28 patients consulting into two French hospitals between 2005 and 2016. Retrospective univariate and multivariate analysis between patients managed by intubation (Group I) or surveillance (Group S) was performed on clinical and endoscopic data. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2020 Nov 24;138:110385. Epub 2020 Sep 24.

Department of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.

Necrotizing epiglottitis (NE) is a rare but extremely serious variant of acute bacterial epiglottitis. So far, it has been reported mostly in immunocompromised adults and only seldomly in the pediatric population. We describe the case of a 15-month-old immunocompetent child who presented to our tertiary referral center with necrotizing epiglottitis. Read More

BMJ Open 2020 11 3;10(11):e038683. Epub 2020 Nov 3.

Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi Branch, Puzi, Taiwan

Objectives: Patients with uremia are prone to infection; however, end-stage renal disease (ESRD) as a risk factor for acute epiglottitis warrants study. We investigated the risk of severe epiglottitis requiring hospitalisation in patients with ESRD.

Setting: We conducted a retrospective matched cohort study by using the claims data of Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. Read More

Am J Otolaryngol 2021 Mar-Apr;42(2):102779. Epub 2020 Oct 22.

Department of Otolaryngology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Japan.

Purpose: Upper airway stenosis is one of the most formidable situations in medicine and is frequently encountered in the ENT clinic. We introduce here our method of emergency endonasal endotracheal intubation under videoendoscopic observation.

Methods: Transnasal endoscopic observation was done, and the region of airway stenosis was detected. Read More

Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 2020 09 11;140(13). Epub 2020 Sep 11.

Background: Acute epiglottitis in adults is a rare, potentially life-threatening condition caused by a bacterial infection in the epiglottis. Typical symptoms are fever, sore throat, and respiratory distress caused by upper airway obstruction. Proper treatment is needed for a good outcome. Read More

Cureus 2020 Aug 23;12(8):e9976. Epub 2020 Aug 23.

Infectious Diseases, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QAT.

Introduction Acute adult supraglottitis (AAS) is one of the upper airway infections that can potentially cause upper airway obstruction and, if not treated promptly, can be life-threatening. The widespread use of vaccines against has decreased the incidence of epiglottitis in children, whereas the incidence of AAS is on the rise. We aim to highlight the presentation, diagnosis, and management in AAS with our study. Read More

Laryngoscope 2021 01 21;131(1):E133. Epub 2020 Jul 21.

Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia.

Laryngoscope 2021 01 21;131(1):E132. Epub 2020 Jul 21.

Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.

Anesth Prog 2020 06;67(2):90-97

Program Director of Dental Anesthesiology, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Dental Anesthesiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.

Epiglottitis is most commonly caused by bacterial infection resulting in inflammation and edema of the epiglottis and neighboring supraglottic structures. Acute infection was once found predominantly in children ages 2 to 6 years old, but with the introduction of the Haemophilus influenzae B (HiB) vaccine the incidence of cases in adults is increasing. Typical clinical presentation of epiglottitis includes fever and sore throat. Read More

Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2020 09 18;20(9):637-651. Epub 2020 May 18.

Department of Family Practice, St Luke's University Health Network, Phillipsburg, New Jersey, USA.

Pasteur discovered the causative agent of fowl cholera () in 1880. Since then, multiple zoonotic infections affecting humans have been reported. infections usually result from bites of cats or dogs. Read More

BMC Infect Dis 2020 May 13;20(1):340. Epub 2020 May 13.

Department of Global Public Health, Health Systems and Policy. Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.

Background: Antibiotic resistance is an emerging problem caused due to antibiotic use. In countries with high rates of infectious diseases, antibiotic resistance is a frequent cause of mortality. The aim was to analyse antibiotic prescribing practices between 2008 and 2017 in a teaching (TH) and a non-teaching (NTH) hospital, as typical hospitals of low- and middle-income countries, and to compare antibiotic prescribing for severe infectious indications for which empiric antibiotic treatment is recommended. Read More

Med Sci Law 2020 Jul 9;60(3):223-226. Epub 2020 May 9.

Forensic Science SA, Australia.

A 48-year-old man complained of throat swelling and difficulty swallowing after eating hot food. Several hours later, he collapsed and was observed to be gasping for breath. Bystander and ambulance-initiated cardiopulmonary resuscitation was unsuccessful, and he was pronounced deceased at the scene. Read More

Cureus 2020 Jan 25;12(1):e6771. Epub 2020 Jan 25.

Anesthesiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, USA.

Awake intubation is frequently described in the literature as the preferred method for securing the airway in adult patients with epiglottitis, whereas children with epiglottitis are usually intubated following an inhalational induction. However, if topicalization is difficult due to the presence of an abscess or an uncooperative patient, an inhalational induction may still be a reasonable approach in the adult patient. In a review of the literature, only one recent case report had been found describing an inhalational induction with video laryngoscopy. Read More

Epidemiol Infect 2020 01 27;148:e12. Epub 2020 Jan 27.

Medical Affairs, Pfizer SRL, Colectora Panamericana 1804, 1° piso, Sector "B" lado Sur, B1607EEV, Villa Adelina, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Neisseria meningitidis, a gram-negative diplococcus, is typically an asymptomatic coloniser of the oropharynx and nasopharynx. Passage of N. meningitidis into the bloodstream can cause invasive meningococcal disease (IMD), a potentially life-threatening illness with rapid onset that generally presents as meningitis, septicemia or both. Read More

Case Rep Infect Dis 2019 12;2019:9674852. Epub 2019 Dec 12.

Bahrain Defence Force Royal Medical Services, Riffa, Bahrain.

An epiglottic abscess is a rare complication of acute epiglottitis and is life threatening. We describe a case report of a diabetic adult male, who presented with an epiglottic abscess. Culture results showed , n organism rarely reported as a cause of acute epiglottitis. Read More

Front Immunol 2019 13;10:2617. Epub 2019 Nov 13.

Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a multi-organ vasculitic syndrome typically associated with neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation and aggressive tissue inflammation. Manifestations in head and neck (H&N) GPA include septal perforations, saddle-nose deformities, bony erosions of the orbital and sinus walls, middle ear damage and epiglottitis, indicative of bone, cartilage, and connective tissue destruction. Whether H&N-centric lesions engage disease pathways distinctive from the ischemic tissue damage in the lungs, kidneys, skin, and peripheral nerves is unknown. Read More

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2019 Nov 5;276(11):3173-3177. Epub 2019 Sep 5.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, PO Box 263, 00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland.

Purpose: In acute epiglottitis (AE) or acute supraglottitis (AS), the management of the airway is crucial. We hypothesized that tracheotomized patients recover faster than intubated patients do.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all adult AE and AS patients, who underwent intubation or tracheotomy between 2007 and 2018 in a tertiary care center. Read More

Laryngoscope 2020 05 30;130(5):E357. Epub 2019 Aug 30.

Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia.

Laryngoscope 2020 05 30;130(5):E298. Epub 2019 Aug 30.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.

N Engl J Med 2019 Aug;381(9):e15

Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN

Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2020 03 29;16(1):177-179. Epub 2019 Jul 29.

Western Michigan University Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine, 300 Portage St, Kalamazoo, MI, 49008, USA.

Although death due to epiglottitis is well-reported in the medical literature, because of vaccines and antibiotics, deaths caused by epiglottitis are rare in the era of modern medicine. This report presents a case of epiglottitis-related death occurring in a middle-aged diabetic man. He initially presented to an emergency department with complaints of a sore throat and bilateral ear pain. Read More

Laryngoscope 2020 02 7;130(2):465-473. Epub 2019 Jun 7.

Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia.

Objective: Epiglottitis is typically considered a pediatric disease; however, there is growing evidence that the incidence of adult epiglottitis has changed since the introduction of the Haemophilus influenzae vaccine. The literature is composed of multiple small series with differing findings. To date, there has been no attempt to collaborate evidence on predictors of airway intervention in this disease. Read More

Harefuah 2019 May;158(5):285-287

Internal Department C, Sheba Medical Center, Israel.

Introduction: Acute epiglottitis/supraglottitis is an acute disease with potential life-threatening complications such as airway obstruction. We present the case of an 85 year old woman hospitalized due to pain in her neck, odynophagia and unclear speech. Bacteraemia with Neisseria meningitidis type Y was detected. Read More

Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2019 Jun;128(6_suppl):111S-116S

1 Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to clarify the role of serum phosphorylcholine (PC)-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) as a natural antibody against infectious diseases.

Methods: The relationship between serum PC-specific IgM level and C-reactive protein level or white blood cell counts was examined in patients with severe upper respiratory tract infections (ie, acute epiglottitis and peritonsillar abscess).

Results: PC-specific IgM level was significantly negatively correlated with C-reactive protein level and white blood cell count. Read More