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Front Microbiol 2019 31;10:44. Epub 2019 Jan 31.

Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States.

The complex (ECC) includes common nosocomial pathogens capable of producing a wide variety of infections. Broad-spectrum antibiotic resistance, including the recent emergence of resistance to last-resort carbapenems, has led to increased interest in this group of organisms and carbapenem-resistant complex (CREC) in particular. Molecular typing methods based on heat-shock protein sequence, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, comparative genomic hybridization, and, most recently, multilocus sequence typing have led to the identification of over 1069 ECC sequence types in 18 phylogenetic clusters across the globe. Read More

Turk J Med Sci 2019 Feb 11;49(1):341-346. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

Background/aim: This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors of patients colonized with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE).

Materials And Methods: The study was conducted between January 2010 and March 2016. The colonized group consisted of patients who had a CRE strain in their rectal swab cultures, whereas patients with negative rectal surveillance cultures for CRE who were concurrently hospitalized in the same units with the colonized group patients were included in the control group. Read More

Lett Appl Microbiol 2019 Feb 13. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Surgical Infection Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.

The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiology (location, microbial load, microbiome, presence/absence of biofilm, and pathogens, including ESKAPE - Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter species, and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles) of the bacterial contamination on intensive care units (ICUs) surfaces. Fifty-seven high-touched surfaces were collected from adult, paediatric and neonatal ICUs from two large public Brazilian hospitals from central and north regions. Samples (~4cm ) were subjected to culture (qualitative), qPCR targeting 16s rRNA gene (microbial load - bacteria/cm ), 16s rRNA amplicon sequencing (microbiome analysis) and scanning electron (SEM) or confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) (biofilm presence). Read More

Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2019 1;8:25. Epub 2019 Feb 1.

1Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744 South Korea.

Background: Bed-ridden state, dysphagia, altered mental state, or respiratory muscle weakness are common in neurologic patients and increase the risk of pneumonia. The major causes of pneumonia in neurologic patients may differ from those in the general population, resulting in a different pathogen distribution. We investigated the trends of pathogen distribution in culture-positive pneumonia in hospitalized neurologic patients and the related antibiotic resistance in those with hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP). Read More

Clin J Gastroenterol 2019 Feb 6. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

Department of Gastroenterology, Shizuoka General Hospital, 4-27-1, Kita-ando, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 420-8527, Japan.

A 44- and a 66-year-old woman underwent nasopancreatic drainage (NPD) to treat obstructive pancreatitis secondary to a pancreatic metastasis from lung cancer. Both patients were diagnosed with stage IV lung cancer and underwent chemotherapy for 17 and 15 months, respectively. Abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography revealed a solid pancreatic tail tumor measuring 2. Read More

Nat Commun 2019 Feb 5;10(1):604. Epub 2019 Feb 5.

Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.

The gut microbiota contributes to host health and fitness, and imbalances in its composition are associated with pathology. However, what shapes microbiota composition is not clear, in particular the role of genetic factors. Previous work in Caenorhabditis elegans defined a characteristic worm gut microbiota significantly influenced by host genetics. Read More

J Hosp Infect 2019 Feb 1. Epub 2019 Feb 1.

Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. Electronic address:

Background: Preterm infants and critically ill neonates are predisposed to nosocomial infections as sepsis. Moreover, these infants acquire commensal bacteria, which might become potentially harming. On-ward transmission of these bacteria can cause outbreaks. Read More

Am J Infect Control 2019 Jan 30. Epub 2019 Jan 30.

Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.

Background: In Minnesota and North Dakota, a clonal strain of bla-producing Enterobacter cloacae complex has been reported with increasing frequency.

Methods: Between July 2015 and February 2016, 13 carbapenem-resistant E. cloacae complex isolates were identified at our institution. Read More

Med Mal Infect 2019 Jan 25. Epub 2019 Jan 25.

Unité mobile d'infectiologie, hôpital Joseph-Ducuing, 15, rue Varsovie, 31300 Toulouse, France.

Objectives: Enterobacter cloacae prosthetic joint infections (PJI) are rare and poorly documented.

Patients And Methods: We conducted a retrospective and monocentric study in an orthopedic unit supporting complex bone and joint infections. Between 2012 and 2016 we collected background, clinical, biological, and microbiological data from 20 patients presenting with prosthetic joint infection and positive for E. Read More

EBioMedicine 2019 Jan 23. Epub 2019 Jan 23.

Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA. Electronic address:

Background: HIV-1 infection and physiological aging are independently linked to elevated systemic inflammation and changes in enteric microbial communities (dysbiosis). However, knowledge of the direct effect of HIV infection on the aging microbiome and potential links to systemic inflammation is lacking.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study of older people living with HIV (PLWH) (median age 61. Read More

Rev Bras Ter Intensiva 2018 Oct-Dec;30(4):460-470

Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University - Cairo, Egypt.

Objective: Follow-up of cardiac index and systemic vascular resistance index by bedside echocardiography until resuscitation.

Methods: A set of hemodynamic parameters was obtained, including cardiac output, stroke volume, cardiac index, systemic vascular resistance index, velocity time integral, myocardial performance index, capillary refill time, and heart rate at 0 hours after fluid boluses before the start of inotropes, and followed up after 6 hours and 24 hours.

Results: Included were 45 patients with community-acquired septic shock. Read More

Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2019 Jan 22. Epub 2019 Jan 22.

Center for Anti-Infective Research and Development, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT

Nacubactam is a novel broad spectrum β-lactamase inhibitor that is currently under development as combination therapy with meropenem. This study evaluated the efficacy of human-simulated epithelial lining fluid (ELF) exposures of meropenem, nacubactam, and the combination meropenem-nacubactam against class A serine carbapenemase-producing isolates in the neutropenic murine lung infection model. Twelve clinical meropenem-resistant , and isolates all harboring KPC or IMI-type β-lactamases were utilized in the study. Read More

Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

JMI Laboratories, North Liberty, IA 52317.

Aminoglycoside-nonsusceptible isolates of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Proteus, and Enterobacter species (480/3675) from US hospitals collected during 2014-2015 were screened for 16S rRNA methyltransferase and aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme (AME) genes. Only 5 isolates had high aminoglycoside MICs and carried 16S rRNA methyltransferases. AME genes were observed among 89. Read More

Eur J Med Res 2019 Jan 19;24(1). Epub 2019 Jan 19.

Department for General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, München, Germany.

Background: Multi-drug-resistant bacteria (e.g. Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, extended-spectrum betalactamase or carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae) are emerging in early-onset infections. Read More

Arch Argent Pediatr 2019 02;117(1):6-11

Servicio de Neonatología, Hospital de Pediatría J. P. Garrahan, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Introduction: Multidrug resistant Gramnegative (MDRGN) infections are an increasing problem in neonatal intensive care units. The objective of this study was to establish the epidemiological, clinical, microbiological, and evolutionary characteristics of carbapenem-resistant MDRGN infections and the risk factors for them at the Division of Neonatology of a tertiary care hospital.

Population And Method: A retrospective cohort study was done in this Division in patients with a documented MDRGN infection between 4/24/2013 and 4/29/2015. Read More

Commun Dis Intell (2018) 2018 17;42. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.

The Australian Group on Antimicrobial Resistance (AGAR) performs regular period-prevalence studies to monitor changes in antimicrobial resistance in selected enteric Gram-negative pathogens. The 2015 survey was the third year to focus on blood stream infections, and included Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter species. Seven thousand three hundred and thirty species, comprising Enterobacteriaceae (6,567, 89. Read More

Commun Dis Intell (2018) 2018 17;42. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Antimicrobial Resistance and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia.

The Australian Group on Antimicrobial Resistance (AGAR) performs regular period-prevalence studies to monitor changes in antimicrobial resistance in selected enteric Gram-negative pathogens. The 2015 survey was the third year to focus on blood stream infections, and included Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter species. Seven thousand three hundred and thirty species, comprising Enterobacteriaceae (6,567, 89. Read More

J Hosp Infect 2019 Jan 7. Epub 2019 Jan 7.

Infection Control Unit, CHU UCL Namur, Yvoir, Belgium; National Reference Centre for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance in Gram-Negative Bacteria, CHU UCL Namur, Yvoir, Belgium.

Background: Enterobacteriaceae are recognized as leading pathogens of healthcare-associated infections.

Aim: To report the investigation of a nosocomial outbreak of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacter cloacae affecting cardiothoracic surgery patients in a Belgian academic hospital.

Methods: Cases were defined based on epidemiological and microbiological investigations, including molecular typing using repetitive element-based polymerase chain reaction and multi-locus sequence typing. Read More

J Antimicrob Chemother 2019 Jan 9. Epub 2019 Jan 9.

Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Zürich, Gloriastrasse 30, CH-8006 Zürich, Switzerland.

Objectives: Widespread antimicrobial resistance often limits the availability of therapeutic options to only a few last-resort drugs that are themselves challenged by emerging resistance and adverse side effects. Apramycin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, has a unique chemical structure that evades almost all resistance mechanisms including the RNA methyltransferases frequently encountered in carbapenemase-producing clinical isolates. This study evaluates the in vitro activity of apramycin against multidrug-, carbapenem- and aminoglycoside-resistant Enterobacteriaceae and Acinetobacter baumannii, and provides a rationale for its superior antibacterial activity in the presence of aminoglycoside resistance determinants. Read More

Commun Dis Intell (2018) 2018 17;42. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Antimicrobial Resistance and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia.

The Australian Group on Antimicrobial Resistance (AGAR) performs regular period-prevalence studies to monitor changes in antimicrobial resistance in selected enteric Gram-negative pathogens. The 2016 survey was the fourth year to focus on blood stream infections, and included Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter species. Seven thousand five hundred and sixty-five species, comprising Enterobacteriaceae (6,750, 89. Read More

Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2019 Jan 7. Epub 2019 Jan 7.

JMI Laboratories, North Liberty, IA 52317, USA.

Omadacycline is a derivative of minocycline and the first agent of the aminomethylcycline class. A total of 3,282 organisms (one per patient) were consecutively collected from patients hospitalized in China (including Hong Kong) and Taiwan. Susceptibility testing was performed by broth microdilution methods in a central laboratory (JMI Laboratories). Read More

Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019 Jan 7. Epub 2019 Jan 7.

2​Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Chengdu, PR China.

Enterobacter strains 090008 and 090028 were recovered from the blood of two different patients at West China Hospital, Chengdu, PR China in 2017. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene and multi-locus sequence analysis of the rpoB, gyrB, infB and atpD housekeeping genes revealed that the two strains were distinct from any previously known species of the genus Enterobacter. Both average nucleotide identity (ANI) and in silico DNA-DNA hybridization (isDDH) values between strains 090008, 090028 and type strains of all known Enterobacter species were lower than the cut-off (≥95-96 % for ANI and ≥70 % for isDDH) to define a bacterial species. Read More

Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2018 Dec;39(12):1021-1025

Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, CAMS & PUMC, Tianjin 300020, China.

To analyze the hints role of surveillance cultures of Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) by perianal swabs in patients with hematological diseases, and seek risk factors of CRE bloodstream infection. The resistance of CRE from 2 914 patients with hematological diseases who cultured perianal swabs, CRE bloodstream infection and risk factors were analyzed during January 2016 to December 2017. In this study, perianal swabs from 2 914 patients with hematological diseases were cultured, 74 patients were CRE positive, and bloodstream infection with CRE was found in 13 of these patients. Read More

Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2018 27;7:159. Epub 2018 Dec 27.

1German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany.

Background: Infections caused by third generation cephalosporin-resistant (3GCREB) are an increasing healthcare problem. We aim to describe the 3GCREB infection incidence and compare it to prevalence upon admission. In addition, we aim to describe infections caused by 3GCREB, which are also carbapenem resistant (CRE). Read More

J Antimicrob Chemother 2018 Dec 24. Epub 2018 Dec 24.

Antimicrobial Resistance and Healthcare Associated Infections (AMRHAI) Reference Unit, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London, UK.

Background: Diazabicyclooctanes (DBOs) are promising β-lactamase inhibitors. Some, including nacubactam (OP0595/RG6080), also bind PBP2 and have an enhancer effect, allowing activity against Enterobacteriaceae with MBLs, which DBOs do not inhibit. We tested the activity of nacubactam/β-lactam combinations against MBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Read More

Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2018 Nov-Dec;29(6):1311-1319

Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.

Enterobacteriaceae are now the predominant pathogens isolated in patients with liver cell failure associated with bloodstream infections. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients who were admitted for the diagnosis of hepatorenal failure (HRF) between June 1999 and May 2008 to investigate the risk factors of Enterobacteriaceae bacteremia (EB). EB was defined as the isolation of an EB species from at least one blood culture within three months following diagnosis of HRF. Read More

Nat Prod Res 2018 Dec 22:1-4. Epub 2018 Dec 22.

a Department of Health Sciences , Institute of Microbiology, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro , Italy.

In this study we determine the in vitro antimicrobial activities of Citrus bergamia distilled extract and compounds isolated from such extract against clinical MDR strains. The activity of these substances were tested using a broth microdilution assay, their MBC and their FBC to evaluate the nature of the interactions in tested components. Among Gram negative bacteria Enterobacter spp, Klebsiella spp and Pseudomonas spp exhibited the higher MBC values range (2. Read More

MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2018 Dec 21;67(50):1397-1399. Epub 2018 Dec 21.

Afr J Lab Med 2018 6;7(2):887. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

National Health Laboratory Services, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.

Background: To combat antimicrobial resistance, the World Health Organization developed a global priority pathogen list of antibiotic-resistant bacteria for prioritisation of research and development of new, effective antibiotics.

Objective: This study describes a five-year resistance trend analysis of the ESKAPE pathogens: spp., from Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa. Read More

Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2018 Nov 8;6(11):2023-2029. Epub 2018 Nov 8.

Department of Pediatric Infection Disease, Bahrami Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Aim: The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency of risk factors for bacteremia in children less than 15 years of age was determined in Bahrami Hospital during 2013-2016.

Methods: This study conducted on 84 children aged 3 months' to15 years old, who hospitalised in the pediatrics ward and the PICU in Bahrami Hospital from 2012 to 2016. Our study consisted of 46 boys (54. Read More

BMC Infect Dis 2018 Dec 17;18(1):668. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Medical Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Al Neelain University, Khartoum, Sudan.

Background: The increased prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative isolates caused by Metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) is worrisome in clinical settings worldwide. The mortality rate associated with infections caused by MBLs producing organisms ranging from 18 to 67%. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Metallo-β-lactamase genes among some Gram-negative clinical isolates (Carbapenems susceptible and resistant). Read More

Antibiotics (Basel) 2018 Dec 14;7(4). Epub 2018 Dec 14.

University Medicine Greifswald, Institute for Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.

Biocidal agents used for disinfection are usually not suspected to enhance cross-resistance to antibiotics. The aim of this review was therefore to evaluate the effect of 13 biocidal agents at sublethal concentrations on antibiotic resistance in Gram-negative species. A medline search was performed for each biocidal agent on antibiotic tolerance, antibiotic resistance, horizontal gene transfer, and efflux pump. Read More

Ann Thorac Surg 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, E-DA hospital and College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Electronic address:

Background: A bloodstream infection in patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery is crucial because it can result in significantly worse outcomes. However, microbiological patterns have rarely been investigated in these patients.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of 1,041 adult patients undergoing cardiovascular surgeries using cardiopulmonary bypass from January 2013 to December 2017 at the National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan. Read More

Klin Onkol 2018 ;31(4):282-288

Background: Acute leukemia (AL) is a heterogeneous group of malignant hematopoietic diseases and is divided into two basic types: acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Patients with these diseases are highly immunosuppressed and therefore at a high risk of serious infections. This study aimed to perform active surveillance of enterobacteria, which cause these infections, and to determine their antibiotic resistance in patients with AL who were hospitalized at the Hemato-Oncology Center of University Hospital Olomouc. Read More

J Water Health 2018 Dec;16(6):1029-1032

Northern Ireland Public Health Laboratory, Department of Bacteriology, Belfast City Hospital, Lisburn Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT9 7AD, UK E-mail: School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK and Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK.

The frequency of seasonal snowfall results in the transient covering of gardens/amenity sites/open public spaces, which encourages recreational interaction mainly with children. No data is available demonstrating the microbiological composition of such fallen snow and therefore a study was undertaken to examine the microbiology of snow from 37 sites, estimating (i) total viable count (TVC), (ii) identification of bacteria, and (iii) the presence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Mean TVC count of 8. Read More

Front Microbiol 2018 27;9:2888. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.

Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), a major resistance concern emerging during the last decade because of significantly compromising the efficacy of carbapenem agents, has currently become an important focus of infection control. Many investigations have shown a high association of CRE infections with high case-fatality rates. In Taiwan, a few surveys observed that a significant proportion (29-47%) of the CR- isolates harbored a plasmidic allele encoding carbapenemases (KPC, especially KPC-2). Read More

Mil Med 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Department of Orthopedic, Traumatology and Reconstructive Surgery and Trauma, PERCY Military Teaching Hospital, 101 Avenue Henri Barbusse, Clamart, France.

Introduction: Extremity war-wounds present an elevated risk of infection and compromise reconstructive procedures. In a French military hospital, a multi-disciplinary meeting (MDM) was created to standardize the care given to soldiers with osteoarticular infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of MDM decisions. Read More

Infect Drug Resist 2018 15;11:2311-2319. Epub 2018 Nov 15.

Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China,

Objective: This study aimed to determine the risk factors for intra-abdominal infections (IAIs), assess the clinical outcomes of IAIs, and investigate the spectrum and antimicrobial resistance of major pathogens causing IAIs.

Patients And Methods: This prospective observational study enrolled patients from the Chinese Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance of Nosocomial Infections (CARES) program between 2007 and 2016. Data on the clinicopathological factors and causative pathogens were collected. Read More

Pediatr Infect Dis J 2019 Jan;38(1):76-81

Association Jeremi Rhône-Alpes, Lyon, France.

Background: Little is known about early-onset neonatal bacterial infections (EONBI) in Madagascar. Our aim was to determine their epidemiology to improve their management.

Methods: Inborn neonates at risk for EONBI and admitted in the neonatal unit of 2 tertiary hospitals in Antananarivo, Madagascar, were included in a prospective study from April 2012 to March 2013. Read More

Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Thailand-Japan Research Collaboration Center on Emerging and Re-emerging Infections, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.

The spread of carbapenemase-producing (CPE) has become a global concern, contributing to widespread carbapenem resistance. However, the specific dissemination patterns of carbapenemase genes have not been intensively investigated in developing countries, including Myanmar, where NDM-type carbapenemases are spreading in clinical settings. In the present study, we phenotypically and genetically characterized 91 CPE isolates obtained from clinical (n = 77) and environmental (n = 14) samples in Yangon, Myanmar. Read More

BMC Vet Res 2018 Dec 10;14(1):392. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Produzioni Animali, Università di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy.

Background: New epidemiological data on bacterial and parasitic infections in 24 Italian wall lizards, namely Podarcis sicula (mainland population) and P. sicula klemmerii (insular population) in southern Italy were provided. To achieve this goal, samples were collected from individuals belonging to the two populations and analysed by microbiological and parasitological methods. Read More

World Neurosurg 2018 Nov 27. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.

Background: Gram-negative surgical site infections (SSI) following spine surgery are becoming increasingly more common owing to a broad perioperative antibiotic usage targeting gram-positive organisms. Enterobacter species have been reported to be the most common gram-negative bacteria following spine surgery.

Methods: We queried our institutional database for Enterobacter SSIs after spine surgery at a single institution from 2009-2016. Read More

Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi 2018 Nov;34(11):802-808

State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.

To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens from the wounds of thermal burn patients, so as to provide reliable basis for the rational use of antibiotics and the effective control over nosocomial infection. Wound samples of 1 310 thermal burn patients admitted into our burn wards from January 2012 to December 2017 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. API bacteria identification panels and automatical bacteria identification equipment were used to identify pathogens. Read More

Nat Commun 2018 11 27;9(1):5010. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, 77030, TX, USA.

Neonatal rotavirus infections are predominantly asymptomatic. While an association with gastrointestinal symptoms has been described in some settings, factors influencing differences in clinical presentation are not well understood. Using multidisciplinary approaches, we show that a complex interplay between human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), milk microbiome, and infant gut microbiome impacts neonatal rotavirus infections. Read More

Case Rep Nephrol 2018 24;2018:9074245. Epub 2018 Oct 24.

Pediatric Nephrology Center of Excellence, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Neonatal jaundice is considered one of the most common reasons for admission to the pediatric medical ward. We report a case of a 1-month-old infant who presented with jaundice but no fever or any other signs of systemic illnesses. Laboratory test results revealed high direct hyperbilirubinemia, and urine culture showed a urinary tract infection with as the causative agent. Read More

Int J Antimicrob Agents 2018 Nov 22. Epub 2018 Nov 22.

Department of Biology and Biotechnology Charles Darwin, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy. Electronic address:

The rise in antibacterial resistance jeopardizes current therapeutic strategies to control infections, soliciting the development of novel antibacterial drugs with new mechanisms of action. In this work we report the discovery of a potent and selective anti-staphylococcal activity of 3-bromopyruvate (3BP), an antimetabolite in preclinical development phase as an anticancer drug. 3BP showed bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus, with active concentrations comparable to those reported to be effective against cancer cells. Read More

Arch Argent Pediatr 2018 Dec;116(6):e744-e748

Servicio de Infectología, Hospital de Niños Sor María Ludovica.

Chronic granulomatous disease is an uncommon primary immunodeficiency due to a defect of the killing activity of phagocytes, caused by mutations in any of the genes encoding subunits of the superoxide-generating phagocyte NADPH oxidase system. The incidence is 1 in 250 000 live births. It can occur from infancy to adulthood, usually in children under 2 years. Read More

J Interdiscip Nanomed 2018 Sep 4;3(3):111-121. Epub 2018 Sep 4.

Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences Queen's University Belfast Belfast UK.

One of the most important health concerns in society is the development of nosocomial infections caused by multidrug-resistant pathogens. The purpose of this review is to discuss the issues in current antibiotic therapies and the ongoing progress of developing new strategies for the treatment of ESKAPE pathogen infections, which is acronymized for , Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, , , and species. We not only examine the current issues caused by multidrug resistance but we also examine the barrier effects such as biofilm and intracellular localization exploited by these pathogens to avoid antibiotic exposure. Read More

Infect Drug Resist 2018 17;11:1881-1891. Epub 2018 Oct 17.

Departments of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan,

Objectives: This study investigated the prevalence rates of carbapenemase positivity, antibiotic susceptibility, and independent predictors of carbapenemase producers among the Enterobacteriaceae isolates recovered from patients with intra-abdominal infections (IAI) in the Asia-Pacific region between 2008 and 2014.

Materials And Methods: Multiplex PCR was used for the detection of specific β-lactamases, while the broth microdilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of antibiotics among the IAI-related Enterobacteriaceae isolates. We studied the abovementioned parameters in 484 ertapenem-non-susceptible (Erta-NS) isolates and explored the independent predictors of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) isolates. Read More

Euro Surveill 2018 Nov;23(45)

Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.

BackgroundThe gene is a transferable resistance determinant against colistin, a last-resort antimicrobial for infections caused by multi-resistant Gram-negatives.AimTo study carriage of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in healthy school children as part of a helminth control and antimicrobial resistance survey in the Bolivian Chaco region.MethodsFrom September to October 2016 we collected faecal samples from healthy children in eight rural villages. Read More