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Med Hypothesis Discov Innov Ophthalmol 2018 ;7(4):140-155

UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK.

Treatment of infectious posterior uveitis represents a therapeutic challenge for ophthalmologists. The eye is a privileged site, maintained by blood ocular barriers, which limits penetration of systemic antimicrobials into the posterior segment. In addition, topical and subconjunctival therapies are incapable of producing sufficient drug concentrations, intraocularly. Read More

Can J Ophthalmol 2018 Dec 16;53(6):e258-e260. Epub 2018 Mar 16.

University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta. Electronic address:

J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect 2018 Dec 4;8(1):23. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Inflammatory and Retinal Eye Diseases, Centre for Ophthalmic Specialised Care (COS) at Montchoisi Teaching Center, Rue Charles-Monnard 6, 1003, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Background: Intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents is the most common intraocular procedure worldwide, inevitably causing more cases of post-injection endophthalmitis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of laser flare photometry in monitoring inflammation after intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents, particularly to detect early stage post-injection endophthalmitis. A retrospective case review was performed of all patients who underwent flare assessment by laser flare photometry before and after intravitreal injection of bevacizumab or aflibercept at the Centre for Ophthalmic Specialized Care in Lausanne, Switzerland, between January 2015 and May 2018. Read More

Int J Biochem Mol Biol 2018 8;9(2):11-21. Epub 2018 Oct 8.

Department of Biology, Ball State University Muncie, IN 47306, USA.

can cause endophthalmitis through secretion of virulence factors, including hemolysin BL (Hbl) and nonhemolytic entertoxin (Nhe). Carvacrol is an extract from oregano oil, with potential for curtailing endophthalmitis, due to antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory qualities. However, sublethal levels of carvacrol increases virulence. Read More

Vestn Oftalmol 2018 ;134(5):104-110

Volga District Medical Centre, Federal Medical and Biological Agency, 2 Nizhnevolgskaya Naberegnaya, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation, 603001.

Intracameral injection of cefuroxime during phacoemulsification is considered effective in preventing endophthalmitis. Its widespread usage has led to the accumulation of data on local and systemic adverse reactions. The analysis of complications of cataract surgery with cefuroxime injections described in literature has allowed identifying a few different clusters of toxic and allergic reactions to intracameral cefuroxime for the first time. Read More

PLoS One 2018 29;13(11):e0208198. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku, Ishikawa, Japan.

Periocular povidone-iodine (PI) and polyvinyl alcohol-iodine (PAI) have had a major role in the prevention of endophthalmitis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the corneal epithelial toxicity of PAI in a rabbit eye model using corneal resistance (CR) measurement, which is a good indicator of cell barrier function. Rabbit eyes were administered PAI solution at 4-, 6-, 8-, or 16-fold dilution with physiological saline solution (saline) or saline alone (control), to the conjunctival sac with/without wash-out with saline. Read More

Community Eye Health 2018 ;31(103):68-69

Consultant Ophthalmic Surgeon & Honorary Senior Lecturer: Ophthalmology Department, The Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust, Norwich, UK.

Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2018 Nov 28. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.

Background: Exogenous endophthalmitis is a potential complication of intraocular surgery and frequently results in visual impairment. Current treatment involves administration of intravitreal (IVT) antibiotics with or without vitrectomy surgery. Evidence for the use of adjunctive anti-inflammatory agents is conflicting. Read More

Case Rep Ophthalmol 2018 Sep-Dec;9(3):439-443. Epub 2018 Oct 18.

Asociación para Evitar la Ceguera en México, Hospital Dr. Luis Sanchez Bulnes, Mexico, Mexico.

In a newborn with candidemia, two retinal lesions were seen without external inflammatory signs or reaction in the anterior chamber or vitreous. However, handheld spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (HH SD-OCT) images show that one of the retinal lesions had a "firework display" projecting to the vitreous that was not identified in indirect ophthalmoscopy. This finding suggested a endophthalmitis. Read More

J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2018 Nov 8. Epub 2018 Nov 8.

1 Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi , Oxford, Mississippi.

Polyenes and azoles constitute 2 major drug classes in the antifungal armamentarium used to treat fungal infections of the eye such as fungal keratitis, endophthalmitis, conjunctivitis, and blepharitis. These classes of drugs have come to occupy an important niche in ophthalmic antifungal therapy due to their broad spectrum of activity against a variety of filamentous and yeast-like fungi. Natamycin suspension (Natacyn), a polyene antifungal drug, is currently the only US FDA-approved formulation for treating ophthalmic fungal infections, whereas the other polyene and azole antifungals such as amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole, miconazole, voriconazole, and posaconazole are routinely used off-label in the clinical setting. Read More

J West Afr Coll Surg 2017 Oct-Dec;7(4):72-84

Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria.

Background: Corneal laceration is a partial or full thickness corneal injury resulting from direct or indirect ocular trauma. Cornea laceration generally leads to the development of corneal opacity which is a significant cause of blindness worldwide, particularly in developing countries where facility for corneal transplant is not readily available. Clinical outcomes depend on causes, the part of cornea involved, and availability of skilled human resource and presence of corneal transplant services. Read More

J Ophthalmic Vis Res 2018 Oct-Dec;13(4):504-507

Department of Ophthalmology, Mission Nethralaya, Shillong, Meghalaya, India.

Purpose: To report three cases of endophthalmitis following uneventful phacoemulsification surgery.

Case Report: Three cases presented with blurriness of vision 2 to 3 weeks following phacoemulsification. Vitreous culture confirmed the diagnosis. Read More

Eur J Ophthalmol 2018 Nov 26:1120672118815105. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.

Purpose:: To identify the causative microorganism of fungal endogenous endophthalmitis in our tertiary referral uveitis center and review the therapeutic role of pars plana vitrectomy in patients with fungal endogenous endophthalmitis.

Methods:: Seven eyes of six cases were identified as fungal endogenous endophthalmitis through positive cultures of ocular fluids and clinical presentations. The final anatomical and functional results were evaluated. Read More

J Glaucoma 2018 Nov 19. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

Department of Ophthalmology.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to determine the postoperative course after Xen45 Gel Stent implantation at the Medical University of Graz from 2014-2016.

Methods: Single-center, retrospective study. All patients with Xen implantation between 2014 and 2016 were included. Read More

J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect 2018 Nov 20;8(1):21. Epub 2018 Nov 20.

Smt. Kanuri Santhamma Center for Vitreoretinal Diseases, Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500034, India.

Aim: To describe the clinical presentations and management outcomes of Kocuria endophthalmitis and discuss diagnostic dilemmas DESIGN: Retrospective interventional comparative case series INTERVENTION: Eight unilateral cases with culture-proven Kocuria endophthalmitis from January 2013 to December 2017 underwent vitrectomy/vitreous biopsy and intravitreal antibiotic with or without additional procedures. The undiluted vitreous was subjected to microbiologic evaluation.

Main Outcome Measures: The mean age at presentation, etiology, number of interventions, interval between inciting event and presentation, type of intravitreal antibiotic used, and anatomic and functional outcomes were reported. Read More

Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2018 Nov 19. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

Department of Ophthalmology, The Alfred, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Curr Microbiol 2018 Nov 15. Epub 2018 Nov 15.

Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture by Ministry of Agriculture of China, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.

Massilia oculi sp. nov. of type strain CCUG 43427 is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, nonspore-forming bacterium, which was recently isolated from the eye of a patient suffering from endophthalmitis and was described as novel species in Massilia genus. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2018 Nov 16;12(1):349. Epub 2018 Nov 16.

Department of Ophthalmology, Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, 51 N. 39th St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.

Background: Ibrutinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor commonly used in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Based on the published literature, it has a very sound ophthalmologic safety profile. In the following, we describe a case of anterior chamber fibrinoid syndrome in a patient on ibrutinib for B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia after uncomplicated cataract extraction. Read More

Rev Esp Quimioter 2018 Dec 31;31(6):499-505. Epub 2018 Oct 31.

Santiago Grau, Department of Pharmacy, Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain.

Objective: Although topical antibiotics have been used as antimicrobial prophylaxis after ocular surgery, recent studies have determined that intracameral cefuroxime at the end of surgery significantly reduce the risk to suffer an infection and suggest that the use of topical antibiotics in the prophylaxis of infectious postoperative endophthalmitis (IPOE) is controversial. Moreover, there is no evidence to confirm the higher effectiveness of topical ciprofloxacin, considered the standard of care, or topical azithromycin in preventing IPOE of cataract surgeries.

Methods: IPOE topical prophylaxis was performed with two different strategies: with azithromycin from January 1st, 2010 to December 31st, 2014 (group I) and with ciprofloxacin from January 1st, 2015 to January 31st, 2017 (group II). Read More

Ophthalmologe 2018 Nov 12. Epub 2018 Nov 12.

Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Akademisches Lehrkrankenhaus der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz und der Medizinischen Fakultät Mannheim der Universität Heidelberg, Klinikum Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Bremserstr. 79, 67063, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Deutschland.

Background: Bacterial endophthalmitis is a rare but devastating complication following intraocular surgery. Guidelines on the diagnostics and treatment are based mainly on experience of endophthalmitis treatment following cataract surgery.

Objective: In this study we analyzed infectious endophthalmitis cases following either intravitreal operative drug injection (IVOM) or cataract surgery for possible differences in the clinical course and prognosis. Read More

Br J Ophthalmol 2018 Nov 12. Epub 2018 Nov 12.

Advanced Eye Center, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India

Purpose: To study features, management and outcomes of cluster endophthalmitis following intravitreal bevacizumab (BCZ) injection in North India.

Methods: In this retrospective study, 28 patients (23 men) (mean age of 59.07±13 years) who received intravitreal injection of BCZ were included. Read More

Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2018 Nov 9. Epub 2018 Nov 9.

Department of Ophthalmology, New Zealand National Eye Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.

Importance: Open-globe injuries (OGI) are a leading cause of monocular blindness world-wide with considerable cost to the individual and society.

Background: To characterize the epidemiology, severity and outcomes of OGI treated at a major ophthalmology centre in New Zealand.

Design: Retrospective study. Read More

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2018 Nov 8. Epub 2018 Nov 8.

Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

Purpose: To relate erythrocyte sedimentation rates (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) values to different uveitis entisties.

Methods: A retrospective study of patients with a first episode of active uveitis visiting the Erasmus University Medical Center, uveitis clinic, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, was performed. Levels of ESR and CRP were determined within 2 weeks and 1 week after onset of uveitis, respectively. Read More

Ophthalmologica 2019 8;241(1):9-16. Epub 2018 Nov 8.

Retina Private Office, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Introduction: There are few real-life studies on the intravitreal 0.7-mg dexamethasone implant for the treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME) conducted in Latin America. We aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of this implant in clinical practice. Read More

Jpn J Ophthalmol 2018 Nov 8. Epub 2018 Nov 8.

Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.

Purpose: To describe the epidemiology and clinical outcomes of open globe injuries (OGIs) in Japan over 10 years, and examine preoperative factors influencing the visual prognosis after surgery.

Study Design: Retrospective, observational, multicenter case-series study.

Methods: Patients' data were entered into a computerized database for review and statistical analyses. Read More

Farm Hosp 2018 11 1;42(6):244-250. Epub 2018 Nov 1.

Pricing and Market Access, Allergan, S.A.U., Tres Cantos, Madrid.

Objective: To assess the economic impact following the inclusion of an intravitreal implant of dexamethasone for the treatment of diabetic macular oedema in a healthcare area in Spain.

Method: A 3-year budget impact model was designed to estimate healthcare  direct costs for adult patients with diabetic macular oedema from the National  Health System perspective. The approved therapies in use  (aflibercept/ranibizumab/dexamethasone) were considered. Read More

J Ophthalmol 2018 2;2018:4237573. Epub 2018 Oct 2.

Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan.

Purpose: To report six cases of orbital cellulitis without preceding endophthalmitis.

Method: Retrospective chart review.

Results: We reported four females and two males admitted to our hospital for orbital cellulitis proven by computed tomographies and bacterial cultures from May 1995 to March 2017. Read More

Ophthalmol Retina 2018 Jul 21;2(7):746-748. Epub 2018 Mar 21.

Edward S. Harkness Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University Medical Center, 635 West 165 Street, New York, New York, 10032.

Int J Ophthalmol 2018 18;11(10):1685-1690. Epub 2018 Oct 18.

Clinical Research Centre, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur 53000, Malaysia.

Aim: To report the incidence, risk factors and visual outcomes for postoperative endophthalmitis (POE) based on 7-year data from the Malaysian Ministry of Health Cataract Surgery Registry (MOH CSR).

Methods: Data was collected from the web-based MOH CSR. All consecutive cataract surgery patients from 1 June 2008 to 31 December 2014 were identified. Read More

J Ophthalmol 2018 30;2018:8959108. Epub 2018 Sep 30.

Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China.

Purpose: To investigate the incidence and risk factors of intraocular foreign body- (IOFB-) related endophthalmitis.

Methods: A total of 1701 patients diagnosed with IOFB between January 1, 2005 and June 30, 2015 were included. Two groups of patients were defined according to the presence or absence of endophthalmitis, and a comparison of personal information, IOFB characteristics, and wound location were performed. Read More

Retina 2018 Oct 23. Epub 2018 Oct 23.

Smt. Kanuri Santhamma Center for Vitreoretinal Diseases, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India.

Purpose: To describe the clinical presentation and management of Curvularia endophthalmitis and compare with previous published literature.

Methods: Retrospective interventional comparative case series and literature review. Eight cases with culture-proven Curvularia endophthalmitis from January 2000 to March 2018 underwent vitrectomy/vitreous biopsy, intravitreal antibiotic with or without additional procedures as appropriate. Read More

Case Rep Infect Dis 2018 25;2018:3027846. Epub 2018 Sep 25.

Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.

To the best of our knowledge, we report the first case of species in a patient with endophthalmitis. A 47-year-old man presented to the ophthalmology department with decreased vision, redness, and minimal pain in his right eye after a foreign body struck his eye following working using a hammer and chisel. Broad-spectrum polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequencing targeting 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid-(rRNA-) encoding gene on an undiluted vitreous sample revealed 100% identity with GenBank sequences of species including , , and . Read More

Eye (Lond) 2018 Oct 24. Epub 2018 Oct 24.

University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK.

Aims: To assess the efficacy of Xen in reducing intraocular pressure (IOP) in varying glaucoma subtypes. To assess the effect of combined phacoemulsification. To determine the frequency of complications and explore further bleb management needed. Read More

Br J Ophthalmol 2018 Oct 24. Epub 2018 Oct 24.

Ophthalmology Unit, Azienda USL - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.

Interface infectious keratitis (IIK) is a novel corneal infection that may develop after any type of lamellar keratoplasty. Onset of infection occurs in the virtual space between the graft and the host where it may remain localised until spreading with possible risk of endophthalmitis. A literature review identified 42 cases of IIK. Read More

Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2018 Oct 21. Epub 2018 Oct 21.

Department of Ophthalmology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.

Postoperative endophthalmitis is a severe complication which may result in loss of vision. Intracameral antibiotics have been shown to reduce the risk of this complication and are extensively used worldwide, with vancomycin, cefuroxime and moxifloxacin most commonly used. Choices in Australia are currently limited to vancomycin and cefazolin, since cefuroxime and moxifloxacin are not available. Read More

Infect Dis Rep 2018 Sep 24;10(2):7750. Epub 2018 Sep 24.

Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

is a common environmental mold most often recognized as an infectious agent in patients with severe immune compromise. We present a case of an immunocompetent patient presenting with endogenous endophthalmitis in the absence of other infectious symptoms. The search for a systemic source revealed an ascending aortic pseudoaneurysm. Read More

Pak J Med Sci 2018 Sep-Oct;34(5):1283-1287

Dr. Ume Sughra, FCPS, MPH. Assistant Professor, Research Associate, Al-Shifa School of Public Health, Al-Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.

Objective: To compare the prophylactic use of antibiotic with placebo to prevent post intra-vitreal endophthalmitis and other complications.

Methods: A prospective, cohort study was conducted at Ophthalmology Department, Fauji Foundation Hospital (FFH), from June 2016 to July 2017. A total of 1082 eyes of 673 patients were enrolled in this study. Read More

Optom Vis Sci 2018 Nov;95(11):1083-1086

University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota

Significance: As the prevalence of post-laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) patients rises, recognition of possible traumatic complications and their management in this population becomes increasingly relevant. Penetrating injuries and intraocular foreign bodies are possible in post-LASIK corneas despite an intact anterior corneal surface. However, with prompt recognition and treatment, excellent visual recovery can be achieved. Read More

JAMA Ophthalmol 2018 Oct 11. Epub 2018 Oct 11.

Department of Ophthalmology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.

Importance: Evidence suggests that the quality of some aspects of care provided by physicians may decrease during their late career stage. However, to our knowledge, data regarding the association of advancing surgeon career phase with cataract surgical outcomes have been lacking.

Objective: To investigate whether an increase in cataract surgical adverse events occurs during later surgeon career stages. Read More

Jpn J Ophthalmol 2018 Nov 15;62(6):699-705. Epub 2018 Oct 15.

Department of Ophthalmology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan.

Purpose: Enterococcus faecalis causes severe acute endophthalmitis and often leads to poor visual outcomes. Conjunctival bacterial cultures occasionally grow atypical bacteria including E. faecalis, which can potentially contribute to the development of postoperative endophthalmitis. Read More

Curr Med Mycol 2018 Jun;4(2):32-35

Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medial Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Background And Purpose: Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) is a rare and serious disease causing acute renal failure. Diabetes is a major risk factor for this infection.

Case Report: Herein, we present the case of a 55-year-old female patient with diabetes and EPN caused by . Read More

Int Med Case Rep J 2018 8;11:259-262. Epub 2018 Oct 8.

Department of Ophthalmology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan,

Objective: species are abundant, generally saprophytic, and widely distributed in the environment. On rare occasions, they cause endophthalmitis in immunocompromised patients or in immunocompetent patients with uncontrolled diabetic mellitus or immunosuppressive agents. We report a case of endophthalmitis caused by species in an immunocompetent patient without any disorders. Read More

Ophthalmology 2018 Nov;125(11):e80-e81

Department of Ophthalmology, Samaya Specialized Center, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. Electronic address:

Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2018 Aug;26(8):624-625

Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China.

Br J Ophthalmol 2018 Oct 12. Epub 2018 Oct 12.

Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Background: Endophthalmitis, a sight-threatening intraocular infection, can be of postsurgical, post-traumatic or endogenous origin. Laboratory diagnosis-based appropriate therapy can be vision-saving. Conventional culture-based laboratory diagnosis takes time and lacks sensitivity. Read More

Retina 2018 Oct 3. Epub 2018 Oct 3.

Department of Ophthalmology, Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Purpose: To determine whether sterile preloading of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents reduces the risk of postintravitreal injection endophthalmitis.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study using medical claims data from a large, national US insurer. Cohorts were created using intravitreal injections of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections from 2005 to 2016. Read More

J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect 2018 Oct 11;8(1):14. Epub 2018 Oct 11.

Department of Opthalmology, Hospital Shah Alam, Shah Alam, Malaysia.

Background: The objective of this study was to determine the clinical presentation, systemic risk factors, source of infective microorganism, treatment outcomes, and prognostic indicators of endogenous endophthalmitis at a main tertiary referral hospital for uveitis in Malaysia. A retrospective review of medical records of 120 patients (143 eyes) with endogenous endophthalmitis over a period of 9 years between January 2007 and December 2015 was undertaken.

Results: Identifiable systemic risk factors were present in 79. Read More

J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect 2018 Oct 11;8(1):15. Epub 2018 Oct 11.

Smt. Kanuri Santhamma Centre for Vitreo-Retinal Diseases, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India.

Background: To report microbiological diagnostic dilemma posed by observation of unusual morphology of bacteria in the vitreous sample of a series of three cases of bacterial endophthalmitis.

Results: A non-comparative, descriptive case series is described. All three cases presented to the retina-vitreous clinic with a clinical diagnosis of acute endophthalmitis between January and April 2018. Read More

Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2018 Oct 10:1-8. Epub 2018 Oct 10.

c Department of Ophthalmology , Southern California Permanente Medical Group , Baldwin Park , California , USA.

Purpose: To evaluate the incidence and risk factors of post-intravitreal injection (IVI) endophthalmitis in a single center modified operating room (OR) setting.

Methods: In a retrospective chart review study, patients who underwent IVI in a modified OR between September 2014 and November 2016 were included. Cases of post-IVI endophthalmitis were identified from the Hospital Infection Control Committee records, which tracks all post-procedure infections. Read More

PLoS One 2018 8;13(10):e0205292. Epub 2018 Oct 8.

Jhaveri Microbiology Centre, Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Purpose: To investigate the immunopathogenesis of endophthalmitis, and determine if cytokine profiles could serve as biomarkers of disease severity in infectious endophthalmitis.

Materials And Methods: Vitreous samples of 46 patients clinically diagnosed as endophthalmitis (of which 25 were culture positive) and 20 non-infectious controls from patients with Retinal Detachment (RD) or diabetic retinopathy were included in the study. The cytokine and chemokine expression patterns of 40 immune mediators including 6 antiinflammatory cytokines, 15 proinflammatory cytokines, 9 Growth factors and 10 proinflammatory chemokines in the vitreous were were analyzed by multiplex cytokine immunoassay. Read More