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Ear Hear 2021 Apr 22. Epub 2021 Apr 22.

1Department of Translational Neurosciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium 2Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and neck surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium 3Department of Education, Health & Social Work, University College Ghent, Ghent, Belgium 4Department of Neurology, UZ Brussel and Center for Neurosciences (C4N), VUB, Brussels, Belgium 5Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium 6Department of Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium.

Importance: Given the rising prevalence of patients with dementia and those at risk for it, early identification is prioritized. As vestibular dysfunction is associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and may contribute to its onset, vestibular assessment may yield an opportunity in early dementia screening.

Objective: This systematic review structures and compares the different raw outcome measures used to assess vestibular function while comparing older adults with preserved cognition to individuals with cognitive impairment, either suffering from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or AD. Read More

Curr Alzheimer Res 2021 Mar 23. Epub 2021 Mar 23.

Department of Neurology, Division of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki. Japan.

Background: In a previous study on Alzheimer's disease (AD), we showed that vestibular dysfunction derived from cerebral disorders contributes to balance disorders. No previous clinical study has attempted to prevent the progression of balance disorders in dementia patients through vestibular stimulation using an air caloric device.

Objective: The purpose of this pilot study was to delay the progression of balance disorders by inducing vestibular compensation, specifically by utilizing the effect of vestibular stimulation to activate the cerebrum. Read More

Ir J Med Sci 2021 Jan 12. Epub 2021 Jan 12.

Department of Family Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.

Objective: To assess the long-term stability of caloric testing in patients.

Methods: In this retrospective study, Cronbach's alpha was used to determine whether caloric testing results are stable over time (up to 7 years) in patients who have not undergone interventions. After excluding invalid records, two hundred patients who underwent repeated caloric testing in the same lab over varying periods of time were included. Read More

Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2020 Aug;55(8):754-759

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.

To explore the possible pathogenesis of central paroxysmal positional vertigo (CPPV) by analyzing its clinical manifestations and characteristics. The clinical data of 3 patients with CPPV, including 1 male and 2 females, aged 36, 14 and 70 years old respectively, were collected from the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from June 2014 to June 2018. The clinical symptoms, nystagmus, other central ocular motor abnormalities, MRI, PET-CT, and laboratory findings were analyzed retrospectively. Read More

Intern Med 2020 Dec 12;59(24):3229-3233. Epub 2020 Aug 12.

Department of Neurology, Japanese Red Cross Akita Hospital, Japan.

A 38-year-old man presented with primary position upbeat nystagmus accompanied by peripheral neuropathy. The serum vitamin B12 level was low along with high plasma homocysteine level, indicating vitamin B12 deficiency. Cyanocobalamin supplementation showed partial clinical and electrophysiological improvement. Read More

Brain Behav 2020 09 20;10(9):e01695. Epub 2020 Jul 20.

Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.

Introduction: Vertigo and balance disorders are a significant clinical problem, especially in elderly patients. The narrowing of cranial vessels may be asymptomatic or produce neurological symptoms. Very often nonspecific signs of ischemia occur, such as headache, vertigo, or dizziness. Read More

Am J Otolaryngol 2020 Jul - Aug;41(4):102497. Epub 2020 Apr 19.

Department of Neuroscience DNS, Otolaryngology Section, Padova University, Padova, Italy. Electronic address:

Purpose: Whiplash is a type of trauma typically caused by a rear end collision in a road accident. About one in two patients who experience whiplash report dizziness and balance problems, which can severely affect their activities in daily life. In industrialized countries, the number of elderly people with a driving license has increased in recent years. Read More

Rinsho Shinkeigaku 2020 May 18;60(5):346-350. Epub 2020 Apr 18.

Department of Neurology, Dokkyo Medical University.

A 68-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for progressive dizziness, gait disturbances and weight loss for 18 months. The patient was alert and showed dysphagia and a marked tendency to fall backward. Electronystagmography showed bilateral vestibular dysfunction and audiometry showed right sensorineural hearing disturbance. Read More

Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2020 Feb;34(2):186-189

Vertical nystagmus is a vertical nystagmus caused by structural abnormalities and/or dysfunction of the central vestibular system and observed in situ in the center of the eyeball. There are two kinds of nystagmus （UBN） and downbeat nystagmus （DBN） according to the direction of nystagmus. The diagnosis of UBN is mainly made by naked eye or electronystagmography/viewer. Read More

J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2020 Feb 5;49(1). Epub 2020 Feb 5.

Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.

Background: Vestibular symptoms such as vertigo and imbalance are known to occur in some cochlear implant patients during the immediate postoperative period; however, acute vertigo in implanted children occurring remotely from the postoperative period has not been previously well-described.

Case Presentation: A three-year-old girl with a history of bilateral sequential cochlear implantation presented with acute labyrinthitis associated with sudden onset of vertigo, balance impairment, and decline in right cochlear implant function 2 years after her most recent implant surgery. We describe her audiological and vestibular testing results during both the acute phase and following medical management and recovery. Read More

Front Neurol 2019 10;10:1341. Epub 2020 Jan 10.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium.

Radiologic abnormalities on computed tomography (CT), including narrowing or sclerosis of the semicircular canals (SCCs), and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), including signal loss in the SCC, have been reported as potential biomarkers in patients with P51S mutations in the gene (i.e., DFNA9). Read More

Endocrine 2020 03 4;67(3):659-664. Epub 2020 Jan 4.

Laboratory of Motor Control and Body Balance, Center for Health Science Research, Federal University of Sergipe, Sergipe, 49060-100, Brazil.

Purpose: Body balance involves the vestibular, visual, and proprioceptive systems. IGF-I is a GH-dependent key factor in the development and postnatal differentiation of the inner ear in mice and men, but its role in the vestibular function in adult humans is unknown. We have previously described a cohort of individuals with severe isolated GH deficiency (IGHD) caused by a mutation in the GHRH receptor (GHRHR) gene. Read More

Strabismus 2020 03 31;28(1):3-6. Epub 2019 Dec 31.

Children's Eye Disease and Ocular Motility Institute of Purui Jina, Shandong Purui Liangkang Eye Hospital, Jinan, Shandong Province, P. R. China.

: To establish a relation between pendular low amplitude high frequency (PLAHF) components and congenital retinal disorders.: Patients who showed PLAHF components in their eye-movement recording between January 2016 to January 2019 were included. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), refraction, strabismus assessment, fundus photograph, spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), full-field electroretinography (f-ERG), clinical ophthalmological examination, and gene tests were used to determine their clinical conditions, especially their retina conditions in all patients. Read More

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2020 Dec 3;164(4):444-453. Epub 2019 Dec 3.

Department of Neurology, 2.

Aims: Preoperative chemical vestibular ablation can reduce vestibular symptoms in patients who have gone through vestibular schwannoma resection. The goal of this study was to determine whether chemical vestibular prehabituation influences the patients' post-operative perception of visual stimulation, mental status and quality of life. We also tried to find out whether increases of optokinetic nystagmus, measured by routine electronystagmography, correlate with subjective symptoms. Read More

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2019 Dec 18;71(4):453-463. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

Present Address: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nepalgunj Medical College, Nepalgunj, Nepal.

The central pathologies present with perverted auditory perception and compromised postural control. Considering the existing controversy this study involves assessments of 100 cases of post fossa tumefactions in which a detailed clinical and neuro-otological (pure tone audiometry, electronystagmography, brainstem evoked response audiometry) profile is compared with their imaging patterns. The CP angle schwannomas (N = 26) presented with abnormal speech tests (N = 18), abnormal auditory adaptation (N = 7) and ABR with pathologically increased latency of wave V (N = 32), poor formation of wave I (N = 31) along with abnormal inter-wave interval (N = 32). Read More

J Vestib Res 2019;29(6):309-314

Santa Casa de Sao Paulo School of Medical Sciences, CEP 01221-010 São Paulo, SP, Brasil.

Objective: To measure the time required in patients with tympanic perforation to reverse paradoxical stimulation (reverse pseudo-nystagmus) and to create a physical model of the process.

Method: An analytical, observational, cross-sectional study with vestibular evaluation (electronystagmography) of 52 individuals with tympanic membrane perforation without otorrhea or concomitant disease. Increased duration of caloric stimulation in the presence of paradoxical stimulation (reverse pseudo-nystagmus) reverses nystagmic responses. Read More

Comput Biol Med 2019 11 17;114:103448. Epub 2019 Sep 17.

Norfolk & Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, NR4 7UY, United Kingdom.

Symptoms of dizziness or imbalance are frequently reported by people over 65. Dizziness is usually episodic and can have many causes, making diagnosis problematic. When it is due to inner-ear malfunctions, it is usually accompanied by abnormal eye-movements called nystagmus. Read More

Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2019 12 1;161(6):1027-1030. Epub 2019 Oct 1.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.

Objective: Unilateral vestibular weakness has considerable potential etiologies. One source is a vestibular schwannoma. This article evaluates, in the absence of other symptoms and signs, if unilateral vestibular weakness is an analogue to asymmetric sensorineural hearing loss and serves as an indication for lateral skull base imaging. Read More

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2019 Dec 7;276(12):3513-3517. Epub 2019 Sep 7.

Hadassah Hebrew-University School of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel.

Objective: Vertigo is a complex symptom which imposes diagnostic and treatment challenges. Laboratory evaluation of vertigo includes video-nystagmography (VNG) and computerized dynamic posturography (CDP) for the evaluation of different aspects of this complaint. There are vague indications for each test and potential disagreements between them. Read More

J Laryngol Otol 2019 Jul 14;133(7):554-559. Epub 2019 Jun 14.

Hearing and Balance Center, Our Lady of the Lake Regional Medical Center, Baton Rouge, USA.

Objective: To determine whether central findings from vestibular tests predict abnormal findings on magnetic resonance imaging.

Method: This study was a retrospective case series at a tertiary referral centre. The main outcome measure of this diagnostic intervention study was the positive predictive value of central vestibular findings in relation to magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities. Read More

Acta Otolaryngol 2019 Jul 20;139(7):581-587. Epub 2019 May 20.

a Department of Otolaryngology , Tokyo Medical and Dental University , Tokyo , Japan.

The thickness of Listing's plane accurately reflects gravitational recognition, constructed through the integration of visual, vestibular, and proprioceptive sensory input in the neural integrator of the central nervous system. Spinocerebellar degeneration (SCD) is a progressive degenerative disease mainly involving the cerebellum and brainstem that leads to destabilize the gravitational recognition, and may thicken thickening of Listing's plane. The aim of this study is to evaluate the gravitational recognition in response to positional change in patients with SCD, using the thickness of Listing's plane as a parameter. Read More

Iran J Otorhinolaryngol 2019 Mar;31(103):103-107

Markazi Vestibular Assessment and Rehabilitation Center, Mashhad, Iran.

Introduction: Vestibular abnormalities are common problems in the whole world, which can lead to bilateral vestibular dysfunction (BVD). That results in symptoms, such as vertigo, unsteadiness, falling, oscillopsia, and lower quality of life. The Objective of this study was to determine BVD in adults and elderlies with vertigo and unsteadiness. Read More

Adv Otorhinolaryngol 2019 15;82:32-38. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Videonystagmography (VNG) and posturography are two vestibular assessment techniques that are still in use today. VNG: VNG allows clinicians to observe and record eye movements in real-time. Compared with electronystagmography (ENG), VNG tracings are more detailed and can capture subtle clinical findings. Read More

Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital 2019 Feb;39(1):46-52

Department of Neurology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Motol University Hospital, Postgraduate Medical School.

Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2019 03;23(2):232

Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via Bivona, Messina, Italy. Electronic address:

Tex Med 2019 Feb 1;115(2):32-33. Epub 2019 Feb 1.

In a split victory, TMA once again prevailed in November 2018 when the Third Court of Appeals upheld a trial court's decision that chiropractors don't have the authority to perform vestibular-ocular-nystagmus testing (VONT). However, a recent change to state law caused the appeals court to find in the Texas Board of Chiropractic Examiners' favor on the use of the word "diagnosis" in the board's administrative rules - meaning chiropractors can diagnose, but only within their scope of practice. Read More

Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2019 01;77(1):25-32

Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Departamento de Fonoaudiologia, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil.

Objective: Changes in postural balance and visual complaints are frequent consequences of stroke. We aimed to investigate the symptoms and the vestibular and oculomotor functions of patients with dizziness post ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke and compare the results among them.

Methods: Fifty patients with dizziness after stroke were evaluated through a clinical anamnesis and computerized vector electronystagmography: calibration of ocular movements, spontaneous nystagmus, semi-spontaneous nystagmus, pendular tracking, optokinetic nystagmus, rotary chair testing, and the caloric test. Read More

Am J Transl Res 2018 15;10(11):3650-3663. Epub 2018 Nov 15.

Shanghai University of TCM Shanghai 201203, China.

The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of vincamine in endolymphatic hydrops (ELH). After ELH guinea pigs treated by vincamine, the concentration of VAP in plasma, and the levels of cAMP, MDA, SOD, GSH-Px in right cochlea were measured using spectrophotometric method. The V2R, NMDAR1, p-NMDAR1, AQP2, p-AQP2, caspase3/9 and c-caspase3/9 expressions in right cochlea were detected using western blot analysis. Read More

J Neuroophthalmol 2019 06;39(2):244-246

Departments of Internal Medicine (AK), Ophthalmology (MK), and Neurosurgery (HN), St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Yokohama City Seibu Hospital, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Otolaryngology (YA), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.