Gait Posture 2017 Aug 5;58:252-260. Epub 2017 Aug 5.

IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy.

Gait analysis is recognized as a useful assessment tool in the field of human movement research. However, doubts remain on its real effectiveness as a clinical tool, i.e. Read More

Emergencias 2017 Abr;29(2):87-92

Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos de Trauma y Emergencias (UCITE), Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, España.

Objectives: To identify prehospital and on-arrival factors associated with hospital outcome in patients with traumatic cardiac arrest (TCA) discharged with recovered spontaneous circulation from the emergency department.

Material And Methods: Multipurpose prospective cohort study of patients with TCA who recovered after treatment at a tertiary care hospital emergency department between 2003 and 2016. We gathered data on epidemiologic variables, type and cause of injuries, and prehospital and hospital emergency care. Read More

Exp Neurol 2017 Aug 10. Epub 2017 Aug 10.

Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Basic Medical Sciences, City University of NY School of Medicine, New York, NY 10031, USA; CUNY Graduate Center, New York, NY 10031, USA. Electronic address:

Cervical injuries are the most common form of SCI. In this study, we used a neuromodulatory approach to promote skilled movement recovery and repair of the corticospinal tract (CST) after a moderately severe C4 midline contusion in adult rats. We used bilateral epidural intermittent theta burst (iTBS) electrical stimulation of motor cortex to promote CST axonal sprouting and cathodal trans-spinal direct current stimulation (tsDCS) to enhance spinal cord activation to motor cortex stimulation after injury. Read More

J Neurotrauma 2017 Aug 10. Epub 2017 Aug 10.

University of Miami School of Medicine, 12235, Department of Neurological Surgery, Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, Miami, Florida, United States ;

The safety and efficacy of pharmacologic and cellular transplantation strategies are currently being evaluated in people with spinal cord injury. In studies of people with chronic spinal cord injuries, it is thought that functional recovery will be best achieved when drug or cell therapies are combined with rehabilitation protocols. However, any functional recovery due to the therapy may be confounded by the conditioned state of the body and by training-induced effects on neuroplasticity. Read More

J Med Genet 2017 Aug 4. Epub 2017 Aug 4.

Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Background: Variants of SCN5A, encoding cardiac sodium channel, have been linked to the development of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). We aimed to explore novel SCN5A variants in patients with idiopathic DCM (iDCM) and to identify the distribute characteristics and pathological mechanisms as well as clinical phenotypes associated with the variants in patients with iDCM.

Methods: SCN5A exons sequencing was performed inpatients with iDCM (n=90) and two control cohorts (arrhythmias group, n=90, and healthy group, n=195). Read More

Burns 2017 Aug 1. Epub 2017 Aug 1.

Department of Burns, Third Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Institute of Burn Research, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China. Electronic address:

Background: The aim of this study is to analyze the data of amputees in the burn center of the Inner Mongolia region and to provide instructive suggestions for a preventative reduction of the amputation rate.

Methods: Between 2004 and 2016, all patient medical profiles were reviewed to extract data of patients with major amputation. Demographic data, mechanism of injury, location and level of amputation were recorded. Read More

Pediatr Emerg Care 2017 Aug 1. Epub 2017 Aug 1.

From the *College of Arts and Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; and †University of Pittsburgh, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.

Lightning strike injuries, although less common than electrical injuries, have a higher morbidity rate because of critical alterations of the circulatory system, respiratory system, and central nervous system. Most lightning-related deaths occur immediately after injury because of arrhythmia or respiratory failure. We describe the case of a pediatric patient who experienced cardiorespiratory arrest secondary to a lightning strike, where the Advanced Cardiac Life Support and Basic Life Support chain of survival was well executed, leading to return of spontaneous circulation and intact neurological survival. Read More

J Nanobiotechnology 2017 Aug 1;15(1):57. Epub 2017 Aug 1.

Department of Biology and Biotechnology C. Darwin, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, Italy.

Background: Nanotechnologies are currently revolutionizing the world around us, improving the quality of our lives thanks to a multitude of applications in several areas including the environmental preservation, with the biodeterioration phenomenon representing one of the major concerns.

Results: In this study, an innovative nanomaterial consisting of graphene nanoplatelets decorated by zinc oxide nanorods (ZNGs) was tested for the ability to inhibit two different pathogens belonging to bacterial genera frequently associated with nosocomial infections as well as biodeterioration phenomenon: the Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and the Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A time- and dose-dependent bactericidal effect in cell viability was highlighted against both bacteria, demonstrating a strong antimicrobial potential of ZNGs. Read More

PLoS One 2017 1;12(8):e0181605. Epub 2017 Aug 1.

CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, The Australian e-Health Research Centre, Brisbane, Australia.

Previous studies have proposed that the early elucidation of brain injury from structural Magnetic Resonance Images (sMRI) is critical for the clinical assessment of children with cerebral palsy (CP). Although distinct aetiologies, including cortical maldevelopments, white and grey matter lesions and ventricular enlargement, have been categorised, these injuries are commonly only assessed in a qualitative fashion. As a result, sMRI remains relatively underexploited for clinical assessments, despite its widespread use. Read More

J Emerg Nurs 2017 Jul 27. Epub 2017 Jul 27.

Minneapolis, MN.

Introduction: Health care workers suffer higher rates of violence-related injuries than workers in other industries, with hospital security officers and ED personnel at particularly high risk for injury. Arming hospital security workers with conducted electrical weapons, such as tasers, has been suggested as an intervention to decrease violence-related injuries in the hospital.

Methods: A retrospective cohort of all security and ED nursing staff at an urban level 1 trauma center was identified from human resources data for the period 4 years before and 7 years after security workers were armed with conducted electrical weapons. Read More

Ther Clin Risk Manag 2017 10;13:855-861. Epub 2017 Jul 10.

Department of Burns Reconstruction Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.

Objective: Electrical injuries to the fingers account for the majority of total severe burns that occur each year. While several types of flaps have been used in covering finger defects, all have limitations or disadvantages. The purpose of this study was to introduce our clinical experiences of using the lateral tarsal artery (LTA) flap to successfully restore fingers after electrical injury. Read More

JAMA 2017 Jul;318(4):360-370

Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts2Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts4VA Boston Healthcare System, US Department of Veteran Affairs, Boston, Massachusetts5Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bedford, Massachusetts12Department of Pathology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts23Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.

Importance: Players of American football may be at increased risk of long-term neurological conditions, particularly chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE).

Objective: To determine the neuropathological and clinical features of deceased football players with CTE.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Case series of 202 football players whose brains were donated for research. Read More

J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2017 Aug;25(8):556-568

From the Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO.

Rehabilitation professionals often use therapeutic modalities as a component of the surgical and nonsurgical management of orthopaedic injuries. Myriad therapeutic modalities, including cryotherapy, thermotherapy, ultrasonography, electrical stimulation, iontophoresis, and laser therapy, are available. Knowledge of the scientific basis of each modality and the principles of implementation for specific injuries enables musculoskeletal treatment providers to prescribe these modalities effectively. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2017 Jul;96(29):e7437

aDepartment of Burns and Reconstructive Surgery bDepartment of General Surgery cInstitute of Burn Research, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China.

Introduction: High-tension electricity can cause devastating injuries that may result in abdominal wall loss, visceral damage, and sometimes major threat to life. The visceral organ may be exposed after debridement and require flap cover, but the tensile strength of abdominal wall may be lack even if flap transplanted.

Methods: From April 2007 through May 2015, 5 patients with severe abdominal electrical injury were treated at our hospital. Read More

J Neuroeng Rehabil 2017 Jul 11;14(1):70. Epub 2017 Jul 11.

Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.

Background: Electrical stimulation of the peripheral nerves has been shown to be effective in restoring sensory and motor functions in the lower and upper extremities. This neural stimulation can be applied via non-penetrating spiral nerve cuff electrodes, though minimal information has been published regarding their long-term performance for multiple years after implantation.

Methods: Since 2005, 14 human volunteers with cervical or thoracic spinal cord injuries, or upper limb amputation, were chronically implanted with a total of 50 spiral nerve cuff electrodes on 10 different nerves (mean time post-implant 6. Read More

PLoS One 2017 5;12(7):e0180318. Epub 2017 Jul 5.

Injury Prevention and Mobility Laboratory, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.

Falls are a major cause of injuries and deaths in older adults. Even when no injury occurs, about half of all older adults who fall are unable to get up without assistance. The extended period of lying on the floor often leads to medical complications, including muscle damage, dehydration, anxiety and fear of falling. Read More

Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2017 Aug;372(1727)

Department of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Müggelseedamm 310, 12587 Berlin, Germany.

The costs and benefits of group living often depend on the spatial position of individuals within groups and the ability of individuals to occupy preferred positions. For example, models of predation events for moving prey groups predict higher mortality risk for individuals at the periphery and front of groups. We investigated these predictions in sardine (Sardinella aurita) schools under attack from group hunting sailfish (Istiophorus platypterus) in the open ocean. Read More

Stem Cell Reports 2017 Jul 29;9(1):177-189. Epub 2017 Jun 29.

Departments of Dermatology and Ophthalmology, Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California Davis, 2921 Stockton Boulevard, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA. Electronic address:

Limited migration of neural stem cells in adult brain is a roadblock for the use of stem cell therapies to treat brain diseases and injuries. Here, we report a strategy that mobilizes and guides migration of stem cells in the brain in vivo. We developed a safe stimulation paradigm to deliver directional currents in the brain. Read More

Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol 2017 Sep 4;10(3):203-212. Epub 2017 Jul 4.

Department of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.

Vocal fold paralysis (VFP) refers to neurological causes of reduced or absent movement of one or both vocal folds. Bilateral VFP (BVFP) is characterized by inspiratory dyspnea due to narrowing of the airway at the glottic level with both vocal folds assuming a paramedian position. The primary objective of intervention for BVFP is to relieve patients' dyspnea. Read More

J Burn Care Res 2017 Jun 28. Epub 2017 Jun 28.

From the *Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland; and †Legacy Emanuel Medical Center, Portland, OR.

The objective of this study was to report the case and multidisciplinary management of a 44-year-old man with 40% TBSA third- and fourth-degree burns sustained during high-voltage electrical injury including 3 limb amputation and bowel necrosis requiring small bowel resection. This study is a case report and review of the literature. A 44-year-old man was brought to the Emergency Department with 40% TBSA third- and fourth-degree burns sustained during accidental contact with high-voltage electric current. Read More

Endoscopy 2017 Aug 28;49(8):736-744. Epub 2017 Jun 28.

Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Background and aims Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is now an established treatment for esophageal achalasia. The standard protocol ensures a smooth operation in most patients, but technical challenges and failures exist and little is known about the incidence, causes, and impact of aborted procedures. Here, using a large patient cohort, we attempted to answer these questions. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2017 Jun;96(26):e7395

aDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China bSingHealth Emergency Medicine Residency Program, Singapore Health Services cDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Singapore General Hospital dHealth Services and Systems Research eCentre for Quantitative Medicine, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore fSchool of Medicine, Zhejiang University gInternational Cooperation and Communication Office, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.

The use of electric bicycles (EBs) in China is growing. In the present study, we aimed to characterize the pattern and outcomes of EB-related injuries presenting to a major general hospital in China.This was a retrospective review of EB-related injuries presenting to Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital from 2008 to 2011. Read More

J Forensic Leg Med 2017 Aug 20;50:6-11. Epub 2017 Jun 20.

School of Criminal Justice, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, USA.

Introduction: While generally reducing morbidity and mortality, electrical weapons have risks associated with their usage, including eye injuries and falls. With the presence of explosive fumes or fuels there also exists the possibility of burn injury.

Methods: We searched for cases of fatal and non-fatal major burns with TASER(®) electrical weapon usage where there was a possibility that the weapon ignited the explosion. Read More

Pediatr Phys Ther 2017 Jul;29 Suppl 3 Supplement, IV Step 2016 Conference Proceedings Supplement:S10-S15

Departments of Rehabilitation Medicine, Physiology & Biophysics, Electrical Engineering (Dr. Moritz), UW Institute for Neuroengineering, Center for Sensorimotor Neural Engineering, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle; and Departments of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Physical Therapy, Bioengineering, and Microbiology & Molecular Genetics (Dr. Ambrosio), McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

The number of clinical trials in regenerative medicine is burgeoning, and stem cell/tissue engineering technologies hold the possibility of becoming the standard of care for a multitude of diseases and injuries. Advances in regenerative biology reveal novel molecular and cellular targets, with potential to optimize tissue healing and functional recovery, thereby refining rehabilitation clinical practice. The purpose of this review is to (1) highlight the potential for synergy between the fields of regenerative medicine and rehabilitation, a convergence of disciplines known as regenerative rehabilitation; (2) provide translational examples of regenerative rehabilitation within the context of neuromuscular injuries and diseases; and (3) offer recommendations for ways to leverage activity dependence via combined therapy and technology, with the goal of enhancing long-term recovery. Read More

Spinal Cord 2017 Jun 27. Epub 2017 Jun 27.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Spinal Injuries Center, Fukuoka, Japan.

Study Design: A randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: To determine the effects of orthotic therapeutic electrical stimulation (TES) on the hand in patients with paresis associated with acute cervical spinal cord injury.

Setting: Spinal Injuries Center, Fukuoka, Japan. Read More

CJEM 2017 Jun 27:1-6. Epub 2017 Jun 27.

‡Department of Emergency Medicine,Dalhousie University,Halifax,NS.

Introduction Although death due to electrical injury and lightning are rare in children, these injuries are often preventable. Twenty years ago, most injuries occurred at home, precipitated by oral contact with electrical cords, contact with wall sockets and faulty electrical equipment. We sought to assess the epidemiology of electrical injuries in children presenting to Emergency Departments (EDs) that participate in the Canadian Hospitals Injury Reporting and Prevention Program (CHIRPP). Read More

ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017 Jul 6;9(28):23409-23419. Epub 2017 Jul 6.

Bioengineering Program, College of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, and Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont , Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States.

Injury to the connective tissue that lines the lung, the pleura, or the lung itself can occur from many causes including trauma or surgery, as well as lung diseases or cancers. To address current limitations for patching lung injuries, to stop air or fluid leaks, an adherent hydrogel sealant patch system was developed, based on methacrylated alginate (AMA) and AMA dialdehyde (AMA-DA) blends, which is capable of sealing damaged tissues and sustaining physiological pressures. Methacrylation of alginate hydroxyl groups rendered the polysaccharide capable of photo-cross-linking when mixed with an eosin Y-based photoinitiator system and exposed to visible green light. Read More

J Neurotrauma 2017 Jul 21. Epub 2017 Jul 21.

1 BioMag Laboratory; HUS Medical Imaging Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki, Finland .

A large proportion of spinal cord injuries (SCI) are incomplete. Even in clinically complete injuries, silent non-functional connections can be present. Therapeutic approaches that can strengthen transmission in weak neural connections to improve motor performance are needed. Read More

Physiol Meas 2017 Jul 26;38(8):1542-1560. Epub 2017 Jul 26.

Philips Chair for Medical Information Technology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.

Lung contusion is the most common lung injury following blunt chest trauma which, in turn, is associated with high mortality rates (Gavelli et al 2002 Eur. Radiol. 12 1273-94). Read More

J Clin Neurosci 2017 Sep 16;43:54-60. Epub 2017 Jun 16.

Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.

The early development of nerve conduction studies (NCS) and electromyography (EMG) was linked to the discovery of electricity. This relationship had been concluded by observing the effect of applying electricity to the body of an animal and discovering that nerves and muscles themselves could produce electricity. We attempt to review the historical evolution of NCS and EMG over the last three centuries by reviewing the landmark publications of Galvani, Adrian, Denny-Brown, Larrabee, and Lambert. Read More

Neural Regen Res 2017 May;12(5):677-686

Forensic Diagnostic Center of District Nine, Cambridge, OH, USA.

Injuries from lightning and electrical injuries involve multiple systems of the body, however neurological symptoms are very widely reported. A disabling neuropsychological syndrome is also noted. This paper presents a comprehensive review of neurological and neuropsychological symptoms. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2017 Jun 12;59(1):37. Epub 2017 Jun 12.

Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Cidade Universitária, Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, São Paulo, SP, 05508-270, Brazil.

Somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) and motor evoked potentials (MEPs) are non-invasive neurophysiological tests that reflect the functional integrity of sensory and motor pathways. Despite their extensive use and description in human medicine, reports in veterinary medicine are scarce. SSEPs are obtained via peripheral stimulation of sensory or mixed nerves; stimulation induces spinal and cortical responses, which are recorded when sensory pathways integrity is preserved. Read More

Int Urol Nephrol 2017 Jun 6. Epub 2017 Jun 6.

Department of Burns and Reconstructive Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiangya Road No. 87, Changsha, 41008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.

Objective: In the present study, we aimed to present our experience of an effective two-stage surgical approach using scrotal skin flap for patients with penile skin defects following severe burn injury.

Materials And Methods: A total of 17 patients with penile skin defects underwent scheduled two-stage reconstruction using scrotal skin flap from January 2004 to October 2016. Patients, who were selected as eligible candidates for scrotal flap, exhibited a wide range of indications, including iatrogenic injuries (e. Read More

J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2016 Oct-Dec;28(4):702-705

Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Punjab Medical College/ Allied Hospital, Faisalabad, Pakistan.

Background: Electrical burns are quite different from thermal and chemical burns. This study is from a centre which deals with job related electric burn injuries alone and thus can give a pure account of the electric burns and discuss the related peculiarities. Study aims to highlight the differences in the mechanism of electric burn injury, its mode of presentation, morbidity, complications and thus the treatment strategies as compared to rest of the burn injuries. Read More

J Spinal Cord Med 2017 Jun 5:1-10. Epub 2017 Jun 5.

a Cleveland FES Center , Cleveland , OH , USA.

Objective: To examine the prevalence of joint contractures in the upper limb and association with voluntary strength, innervation status, functional status, and demographics in a convenience sample of individuals with cervical spinal cord injury to inform future prospective studies.

Design: Cross-sectional convenience sampled pilot study.

Setting: Department of Veterans Affairs Research Laboratory. Read More

Clin Plast Surg 2017 Jul 21;44(3):657-669. Epub 2017 Apr 21.

Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, University of Michigan, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. Electronic address:

This article reviews the unique challenges presented by chemical, electrical, and radiation injuries. The authors discuss pathophysiology and diagnosis of these injuries and provide recommendations for management. Read More

Continuum (Minneap Minn) 2017 Jun;23(3, Neurology of Systemic Disease):862-871

Purpose Of Review: This article discusses neurologic complications resulting from environmental injuries and the treatment modalities for these conditions.

Recent Findings: Recent advances include improved management of altitude sickness. Relatively uncommon conditions, such as keraunoparalysis (lightning-induced paralysis) and high-pressure neurologic syndrome, are areas of ongoing study. Read More

J Burn Care Res 2017 May 26. Epub 2017 May 26.

From the *Michael and Marian Ilitch Department of Surgery, Detroit Medical Center, MI; and †Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit.

The purpose of this study was to examine the utility of electrocardiograms (EKGs) for low-risk, low-voltage pediatric electrical burn victims. A retrospective chart review was conducted on 86 pediatric patients who presented to the children's hospital between 2000 and 2015 after sustaining electrical burns. Variables included source and estimated voltage, extent of injuries, length of stay, high risk factors, and EKG results. Read More

Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2017 Aug 27;25(8):1377-1378. Epub 2017 May 27.

Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Diagnostic Imaging Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland. Electronic address:

Front Neurosci 2017 12;11:261. Epub 2017 May 12.

The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'AnnaPisa, Italy.

Introduction: Spasticity is a typical motor disorder in patients affected by stroke. Typically post-stroke rehabilitation consists of repetition of mobilization exercises on impaired limbs, aimed to reduce muscle hypertonia and mitigate spastic reflexes. It is currently strongly debated if the treatment's effectiveness improves with the timeliness of its adoption; in particular, starting intensive rehabilitation as close as possible to the stroke event may counteract the growth and postpone the onset of spasticity. Read More

Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2017 ;161(0):D1520

Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, afd. Traumachirurgie, Groningen.

Objective: Analysing injury types, injury severity and mortality in victims of accidents with electric bicycles in comparison with conventional bicycles.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Method: Data of patients treated at the Accident & Emergency Department of the University Medical Center Groningen after a bicycle accident are being entered in a database since 2014. Read More

Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2017 Aug 30;77:1302-1315. Epub 2017 Mar 30.

Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics, VIT University, Vellore 632014, Tamilnadu, India. Electronic address:

The treatment of nerve injuries has taken a new dimension with the development of tissue engineering techniques. Prior to tissue engineering, suturing and surgery were the only options for effective treatment. With the advent of tissue engineering, it is now possible to design a scaffold that matches the exact biological and mechanical properties of the tissue. Read More

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2017 May 17. Epub 2017 May 17.

Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.

Hospital workers are exposed to many occupational hazards that may threaten their health and safety. Physical hazards encountered in hospital working environment include temperature, illumination, noise, electrical injuries, and radiation. To assess the awareness of healthcare workers (HCWs) about physical hazards in Tanta university hospitals, this cross-sectional study included 401 HCWs (physicians, nurses, technicians, and workers) from seven departments (general surgery, orthopedics, radiology, ophthalmology, kitchen, incinerator, and laundry). Read More

Brain Inj 2017 16;31(8):1094-1101. Epub 2017 May 16.

d The 306th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army , Beijing , P.R. China.

Primary Objective: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of paediatric inpatients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) in China.

Research Design: The Chinese Trauma Database (CTD), a nationwide register system based on hospital admission data, contains diagnosis and treatment information for trauma inpatients in over 200 military-managed public-service hospitals in China. Using the ICD-9 coding, the data for children with TBI aged 0-17 years between 2001 and 2007 were retrieved. Read More

Ann Rehabil Med 2017 Apr 27;41(2):318-322. Epub 2017 Apr 27.

Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.

We present the case of a 33-year-old man who experienced a 10,000-V electrical shock when working with electrical wiring. He suffered third-degree burns on his scalp at the right occiput (entry wound) and on his left arm (exit would), and a second-degree burn on his left foot (exit wound). He presented with severe spasticity of both lower extremities, motor weakness with a Medical Research Council grade of 3, and sensory impairments below thoracic level 11 that included an inability to sense light touch and defects in proprioception. Read More

Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2017 May 12. Epub 2017 May 12.

Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA.

From time to time it is thoughtful and productive to review a medical field and reflect upon what are the major issues that need to be addressed and what is being done to do so. This review article is not meant to be all-inclusive but rather focuses on four evolving areas in the field of peripheral nerve disorders and treatments: (1) nerve surgery under ultrasound guidance using a new ultra-minimally invasive thread technique; (2) evolving magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound imaging techniques that are helping to both diagnose and treat a variety of peripheral nerve problems including entrapment neuropathies, traumatic nerve injuries, and masses arising from nerves; (3) promoting recovery after nerve injury using electrical stimulation; and (4) developing animal models to reproduce a severe nerve injury (neurotmetic grade in continuity) that requires a surgical intervention and repair. In each area we first describe the current challenges and then discuss new and emerging techniques and approaches. Read More

Neurology 2017 May 10;88(22):2141-2149. Epub 2017 May 10.

From the Departments of Neurology, Anesthesiology-Critical Care Medicine, and Neurosurgery (R.G.G.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (E.W., A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (M.J.A.), University of Florida-McKnight Brain Institute, Gainesville; Department of Neurology and Neurocritical Care Unit (M.D.), Cambridge University Hospitals; The Ipswich Hospital (M.D.), Cambridge, UK; Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery (S.A.M.), Mount Sinai-Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY; Departments of Emergency Medicine and Internal Medicine (Cardiology) (J.P.O.), Virginia Commonwealth University College of Medicine, Richmond; Department of Neurology (J.I.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (M.T.T.), Ohio State University, Columbus; Department of Neurology (R.M.D.), Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City; and Department of Neurology (J.L.), University of Toronto, Canada.

Objective: To assess the evidence and make evidence-based recommendations for acute interventions to reduce brain injury in adult patients who are comatose after successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Methods: Published literature from 1966 to August 29, 2016, was reviewed with evidence-based classification of relevant articles.

Results And Recommendations: For patients who are comatose in whom the initial cardiac rhythm is either pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT) or ventricular fibrillation (VF) after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), therapeutic hypothermia (TH; 32-34°C for 24 hours) is highly likely to be effective in improving functional neurologic outcome and survival compared with non-TH and should be offered (Level A). Read More

PLoS One 2017 8;12(5):e0176893. Epub 2017 May 8.

Department of Cardiology, Zentrum für Forschung in der klinischen Medizin (ZFKM), HELIOS Klinikum Wuppertal, University Witten/Herdecke, Wuppertal, Germany.

Background: Medical devices such as implant delivery systems are commonly used during minimally invasive procedures in the cardiovascular system. These devices often have lubricious polymer coatings to reduce friction between the device and blood vessels but coatings may separate and potentially cause serious injuries to patients.

Methods: Lubricious coated eSheaths for transcatheter heart valve implantation were assessed for luminal integrity at the proximal, medial and distal part. Read More

J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017 May 8. Epub 2017 May 8.

Bio-Acoustic-MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratories, Canary Center at Stanford for Early Cancer Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA.

The ability to cryopreserve human oocytes has significant potential for fertility preservation. Current cryopreservation methods still suffer from the use of conventional cryoprotectants, such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), causing loss of viability and function. Such injuries result from the toxicity and high concentration of cryoprotectants as well as mechanical damage of cells due to ice crystal formation during the cooling and rewarming processes. Read More