Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

J Hepatol 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

AP-HP Hôpital Paul-Brousse, Centre Hépato-Biliaire, Liver Intensive Care Unit, Villejuif, F-94800, France; INSERM, Unité 1193, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, F-94800, France; DHU Hepatinov, Villejuif, F-94800, France.

Severe acute liver injury (sALI) is a grave complication of exertional heatstroke (EH). Liver transplantation (LT) may be a therapeutic option, but the criteria for, and timing of transplantation have not been clearly established. The aim of this study was to define the profile of patients who require transplantation in this context. Read More

Nephrol Dial Transplant 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Nephrology, Patras University Hospital, Patras, Greece.

There is amassed evidence regarding the use of endovascular procedures for the treatment of vascular access stenosis and thrombosis. A review was conducted based on available randomized trials, cohort studies and retrospective analyses published after 2000 on endovascular treatment of dysfunctional and thrombosed vascular access, with an aim to illustrate the available device and procedural options. The use of paclitaxel-coated balloons, cutting balloons and covered stents is described in the field of vascular access stenosis. Read More

J Vasc Access 2018 Dec 6:1129729818815327. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Purpose:: To evaluate the feasibility and the outcomes of transjugular percutaneous endovascular treatment of dysfunctional hemodialysis access in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Methods:: A total of 50 transjugular treatments in 38 patients with arteriovenous fistulas or arteriovenous grafts from September 2011 to May 2015 were included in this study. Medical records and angiographies were retrospectively reviewed. Read More

Acta Diabetol 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Modena, UO di Medicina Metabolica, Ospedale Civile di Baggiovara, Via Giardini 1135, 41125, Modena, Italy.

Evidence suggests a close relationship between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type two diabetes (T2D). On the grounds of prevalence of disease, both conditions account for a significant financial cost for health care systems and individuals. Aim of this review article is to explore the epidemiological basis and the putative molecular mechanisms underlying the association of NAFLD with T2D. Read More

J Vis Exp 2018 Nov 17(141). Epub 2018 Nov 17.

Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine;

The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a hallmark of inflammatory processes, but in excess, oxidative stress is widely implicated in various pathologies such as cancer, atherosclerosis and diabetes. We have previously shown that dysfunction of the Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2)/ Kelch-like erythroid cell-derived protein 1 (Keap1) signaling pathway leads to extreme ROS imbalance during cutaneous wound healing in diabetes. Since ROS levels are an important indicator of progression of wound healing, specific and accurate quantification techniques are valuable. Read More

Work 2018 Nov 26. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany.

Background: The importance of experienced work stress and individual traits as well as their interplay is analyzed with regard to dysfunctional coping behavior in case of sickness.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the predictive capability of effort-reward imbalance (ERI) including overcommitment, meaning the intrinsic propensity in terms of excessive work-related expenditure (OC), in consideration of dispositional optimism/pessimism on presenteeism.

Methods: A total of 353 men and women aged 38 from the 25th panel wave of The Saxony Longitudinal Study in 2011 were included in the analysis. Read More

Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2018 Dec 2:e13228. Epub 2018 Dec 2.

Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China.

The rhythmic contraction of cardiomyocytes consumes a lot of energy. 90% of ATP in cardiomyocytes is produced by mitochondria. Maintenance of a healthy population of mitochondria by mitophagy is critical for cardiomyocyte survival and normal function. Read More

Orthop J Sports Med 2018 Nov 27;6(11):2325967118808242. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores-Investigação e Desenvolvimento, Lisbon, Portugal.

Background: Painful dysfunctional shoulders with irreparable rotator cuff tears (IRCTs) in active patients are a challenge. Arthroscopic superior capsular reconstruction (ASCR) is a new treatment option originally described using a fascia lata autograft harvested through an open approach. However, concerns about donor site morbidity have discouraged surgeons from using this type of graft. Read More

Mol Cell 2018 Nov 27. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

Laboratory of RNA Function, Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan; Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan. Electronic address:

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are loaded into the Argonaute subfamily of proteins (AGO) to form an effector complex that silences target genes. Empty but not miRNA-loaded AGO is selectively degraded across species. However, the mechanism and biological significance of selective AGO degradation remain unclear. Read More

Vet Parasitol 2018 Dec 22;264:18-25. Epub 2018 Oct 22.

Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Bearsden Road, Glasgow G61 1QH, United Kingdom; Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Melbourne, Australia.

Gastrointestinal nematode infection is one of the major diseases affecting small ruminants. Although some breeds of goats are quite resistant, many breeds of goats are relatively susceptible. This study used a combined parasitological, immunological, bioinformatic and statistical approach to examine the role of goat IgA and eosinophils in protection against Teladorsagia circumcincta. Read More

J Biomed Sci 2018 Nov 30;25(1):87. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Heilongjiang University Of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang province, China.

Mitochondria autophagy, termed as mitophagy, is a mechanism of specific autophagic elimination of mitochondria. Mitophagy controls the quality and the number of mitochondria, eliminating dysfunctional or excessive mitochondria that can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cause cell death. Mitochondria are centrally implicated in neuron and tissue injury after stroke, due to the function of supplying adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to the tissue, regulating oxidative metabolism during the pathologic process, and contribution to apoptotic cell death after stroke. Read More

Expert Rev Med Devices 2018 Dec 3:1-11. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

a Laboratory of Neuromodulation & Center for Clinical Research Learning, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA.

Introduction: Fibromyalgia affects more than 5 million people in the United States and has a detrimental impact on individuals' quality of life. Current pharmacological treatments provide limited benefits to relieve the pain of fibromyalgia, along with a risk of adverse effects; a scenario that explains the increasing interest for multimodal approaches. A tailored strategy to focus on this dysfunctional endogenous pain inhibitory system is transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of the primary motor cortex. Read More

Neuroimmunomodulation 2018 Dec 5:1-25. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Neuroscience Program, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Brazil.

An extensive microglial-astrocyte-monocyte-neuronal cross talk seems to be crucial for normal brain function, development, and recovery. However, under certain conditions neuroinflammatory interactions between brain cells and neuroimmune cells influence disease outcome and brain pathology. Microglial cells express a range of functional states with dynamically pleomorphic profiles from a surveilling status of synaptic transmission to an active player in major events of development such as synaptic elimination, regeneration, and repair. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018 20;9:671. Epub 2018 Nov 20.

Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.

Fetal delivery of calcium, via the placenta, is crucial for appropriate skeletal mineralization. We have previously demonstrated that maternofetal calcium transport, per gram placenta, is increased in the placental specific insulin-like growth factor 2 knockout mouse (P0) model of fetal growth restriction (FGR) compared to wild type littermates (WTL). This effect was mirrored in wild-type (WT) mice comparing lightest vs. Read More

BMC Cancer 2018 Dec 4;18(1):1217. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

The Rogosin Institute-Xenia Division, 740 Birch Road, Xenia, OH, 45385, USA.

Background: Agarose encapsulated murine renal adenocarcinoma cells (RENCA macrobeads) are currently being investigated in clinical trials as a treatment for therapy-resistant metastatic colorectal cancer. We have previously demonstrated the capacity of RENCA macrobeads to produce diffusible substances that markedly inhibit the proliferation of epithelial-derived tumor cells outside the macrobead environment. This study examined the molecular mechanisms underlying the observed inhibition in targeted tumor cells exposed to RENCA macrobeads. Read More

J Sport Exerc Psychol 2018 Dec 5:1-13. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

1 University of Basel.

Few studies have examined the association between sleep and burnout symptoms in elite athletes. We recruited 257 young elite athletes (M = 16.8 years) from Swiss Olympic partner schools. Read More

Nutrients 2018 Dec 3;10(12). Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain.

Loneliness perception during adolescence has been increased dramatically in recent years. Changes in lifestyle and difficulties in social interaction could explain this increased phenomenon. As described in previous research, this fact has been associated with the development of high stress levels and dysfunctional lifestyles, in which eating habits play a main role. Read More

Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2017 Oct;31(5):634-648

Dept. Biomedical Data Sciences, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Post-zone S-05-P, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands. Electronic address:

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent chronic age-related arthritic disease that mainly affects the diarthrodial joints. Nevertheless, there is no treatment currently available that can effectively reduce symptoms or slow down or stop disease progression. The lack of disease-modifying therapies could be explained by the complex pathogenesis of OA, which is still not completely understood. Read More

Neuroimage 2018 Dec 1. Epub 2018 Dec 1.

Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is associated with poor self-control, underpinned by inferior fronto-striatal deficits. We showed previously that 18 ADHD adolescents over 11 runs of 8.5 min of real-time functional magnetic resonance neurofeedback of the right inferior frontal cortex (rIFC) progressively increased activation in 2 regions of the rIFC which was associated with clinical symptom improvement. Read More

J Drug Target 2018 Dec 4:1-11. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

a Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland.

Nanoparticulate systems can passively target regional lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes (LNs) after interstitial administration. Highly sensitive non-invasive imaging techniques, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), can take advantage from particles' lymphotropic properties to provide a reliable tool to monitor lymphatic function and LN morphology with high spatial resolution. In this work, we developed and characterised a bioerodible nanosystem with MRI contrast properties, based on poly(ethylene glycol)-alendronate stabilised gadolinium calcium phosphate nanoparticles (NPs). Read More

Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2018 Dec 4. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

St. Michael's Hospital, Cardiology , 30 Bond Street , Toronto, Ontario, Ontario, Canada , M5B 1W8 ;

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a rare vascular disorder inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. Patients with HHT can develop vascular dysplasias called telangiectasias and arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). Our objective was to profile and characterize microRNAs (miRs), short-noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally, in HHT patient derived peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Read More

Elife 2018 12 4;7. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

School of Kinesiology and Health Science and the Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Canada.

Impaired angiogenesis is a hallmark of metabolically dysfunctional adipose tissue in obesity. However, the underlying mechanisms restricting angiogenesis within this context remain ill-defined. Here, we demonstrate that induced endothelial-specific depletion of the transcription factor Forkhead Box O1 (FoxO1) in male mice led to increased vascular density in adipose tissue. Read More

Front Psychiatry 2018 19;9:579. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.

Epigenetic mechanisms have been described in several mental disorders, such as mood disorders, anxiety disorders and schizophrenia. However, less is known about the influence of epigenetic mechanisms with regard to personality disorders (PD). Therefore, we conducted a literature review on existing original data with regards to epigenetic peculiarities in connection with personality disorders. Read More

Nat Nanotechnol 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.

Lysosomes are multifunctional, subcellular organelles with roles in plasma membrane repair, autophagy, pathogen degradation and nutrient sensing. Dysfunctional lysosomes underlie Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and rare lysosomal storage diseases, but their contributions to these pathophysiologies are unclear. Live imaging has revealed lysosome subpopulations with different physical characteristics including dynamics, morphology or cellular localization. Read More

Nat Med 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Division of Molecular Oncology & Immunology, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Infiltration of human cancers by T cells is generally interpreted as a sign of immune recognition, and there is a growing effort to reactivate dysfunctional T cells at such tumor sites. However, these efforts only have value if the intratumoral T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire of such cells is intrinsically tumor reactive, and this has not been established in an unbiased manner for most human cancers. To address this issue, we analyzed the intrinsic tumor reactivity of the intratumoral TCR repertoire of CD8 T cells in ovarian and colorectal cancer-two tumor types for which T cell infiltrates form a positive prognostic marker. Read More

Trends Neurosci 2018 Nov 30. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. Electronic address:

The discovery of genetic forms of Parkinson's disease (PD) has highlighted the importance of the autophagy/lysosomal and mitochondrial/oxidative stress pathways in disease pathogenesis. However, recently identified PD-linked genes, including DNAJC6 (auxilin), SYNJ1 (synaptojanin 1), and the PD risk gene SH3GL2 (endophilin A1), have also highlighted disruptions in synaptic vesicle endocytosis (SVE) as a significant contributor to disease pathogenesis. Additionally, the roles of other PD genes such as LRRK2, PRKN, and VPS35 in the regulation of SVE are beginning to emerge. Read More

Pain Physician 2018 Nov;21(6):E611-E621

Genomas Inc., Hartford, CT.

Background: A major challenge for effective pharmacotherapy in pain management is to provide the drug best suited to the patient's innate characteristics.

Objective: The article illustrates pharmacogenetic principles to optimize treatments for patients and increase the likelihood of pain relief without dependence. Genetic variances are particularly relevant to opioid drugs used in pain control, and can now be harvested for predictive clinical decision support. Read More

J Anxiety Disord 2018 Nov 17;62:35-44. Epub 2018 Nov 17.

Arq Psychotrauma Expert Group, Nienoord 10, Diemen, 1112XE, the Netherlands; Utrecht University, Department of Clinical Psychology, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584 CS, Utrecht, the Netherlands. Electronic address:

Individuals diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) show remarkably different symptom presentations. Identification of diagnostic profiles of PTSD may contribute to knowledge about treatment modifications to enhance treatment effectiveness. The present study aimed to identify symptom severity classes among 236 Dutch veterans based on a broad range of psychopathology outcomes, including PTSD, using Latent Profile Analysis (LPA). Read More

Curr Pediatr Rev 2018 Nov 30. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Pediatric surgery Unit - INFERMI Hospital- Rimini. Italy.

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a significant complication for premature newborns. Infants who survive NEC are at increased risk of having poor long-term physiological and neurodevelopmental growth. The objective of this paper is to give a comprehensive description of the long-term consequences of NEC. Read More

Cogn Behav Ther 2018 Nov 30:1-15. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

a Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences , University of Washington , Seattle , DC , USA.

Despite high rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression among traumatically injured patients, engagement in session-based psychotherapy early after trauma is limited due to various service utilization and readiness barriers. Task-shifting brief mental health interventions to routine trauma center providers is an understudied but potentially critical part of the continuum of care. This pilot study assessed the feasibility of training trauma nurses to engage patients in patient-centered activity scheduling based on a Behavioral Activation paradigm, which is designed to counteract dysfunctional avoidance/withdrawal behavior common among patients after injury. Read More

Br J Pharmacol 2018 Nov 30. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Ataxia Centre, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College London, Institute of Neurology London, WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom.

Xeroderma Pigmentosum (XP) encompasses a group of rare diseases characterised in most cases by nucleotide excision repair (NER) malfunction, resulting in an increased sensitivity to ultraviolet radiation in affected individuals. Approximately 25-30% of XP patients present with neurological symptoms, such as sensorineural deafness, mental deterioration, and ataxia. Although it is known that dysfunctional DNA repair is the primary pathogenesis in XP, growing evidence suggests that mitochondrial pathophysiology may also occur. Read More

Blood 2018 Nov 29. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

University Cancer Center Frankfurt (UCT), Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany

Autophagy maintains hematopoietic stem cell integrity and prevents malignant transformation. In addition to bulk degradation, selective autophagy serves as an intracellular quality control mechanism and requires autophagy receptors such as p62 (SQSTM1) to specifically bridge the ubiquitinated cargos into autophagosomes. Here, we investigated the function of p62 in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in vitro and in murine in vivo models of AML. Read More

Cognition 2018 Nov 26. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Princeton University, United States. Electronic address:

Political cognitions-particularly impressions and stereotypes along two fundamental dimensions of social evaluations-play some role in explaining social class divides and accompanying resentments. First, the Big Two dimensions (warmth/communion and competence/agency) describe candidate perception, person perception, and group stereotypes. In particular, the stereotype content model and related perspectives show social-class stereotypes depicting elites as competent but cold and lower-income groups as incompetent but warm. Read More

BMC Health Serv Res 2018 Nov 29;18(1):912. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, USA.

Background: The Eastern Cape Province reports among the poorest health service indicators in South Africa with some of its districts standing out as worst performing as regards maternal health indicators. To understand key drivers and outcomes of this underperformance and to explore whether a participatory analysis could deepen action-oriented understanding among stakeholders, a study was conducted in one of the chronically poorly performing districts.

Methods: The study used a systems analysis approach to understand the drivers and outcomes affecting maternal health in the district in order to identify key leverage points for addressing the situation. Read More

Int J Clin Health Psychol 2017 May-Aug;17(2):139-150. Epub 2017 Mar 19.

Universidad de Sevilla, Spain.

To adapt and validate the Leiden Index of Depression Sensitivity-Revised for evaluating cognitive reactivity to depressive mood to Spanish and validate this Spanish version. To find the scale's factor structure and psychometric properties. The sample consisted of 600 participants (103 patients and 497 subjects from the general population). Read More

Int J Clin Health Psychol 2016 Sep-Dec;16(3):276-286. Epub 2016 May 24.

Universidad de La Laguna, Spain.

: Training in conflict resolution strategies is a goal in different intervention contexts, and the Conflict Resolution Styles Inventory is a proven, useful tool for assessing these skills. Two studies were conducted, one aimed at analyzing psychometric properties of this instrument, and the other at verifying its ability to discriminate between violent and non-violent adolescent dating partners. : In the first study, with 592 adolescents, confirmatory factor analyzes were performed with the two subscales (self and partner). Read More

Sleep 2018 Nov 28. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, FL, USA.

Objectives: To examine the effects of cognitive behavioral treatments for insomnia (CBT-I) and pain (CBT-P) in patients with comorbid fibromyalgia and insomnia.

Methods: 113 patients (Mage=53, SD=10.9) were randomized to eight sessions of CBT-I (n=39), CBT-P (n=37), or a waitlist control (WLC, n=37). Read More

Front Psychol 2018 14;9:2211. Epub 2018 Nov 14.

Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.

Metacognitive therapy (MCT) continues to gain increased ground as a treatment for psychological complaints. During the last years, several clinical trials on the efficacy of MCT have been published. The aim of the current study was to provide an updated meta-analytic review of the effect of MCT for psychological complaints. Read More

Nature 2018 12 28;564(7734):130-135. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Science Research Center, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

Dysfunctional T cells in the tumour microenvironment have abnormally high expression of PD-1 and antibody inhibitors against PD-1 or its ligand (PD-L1) have become commonly used drugs to treat various types of cancer. The clinical success of these inhibitors highlights the need to study the mechanisms by which PD-1 is regulated. Here we report a mechanism of PD-1 degradation and the importance of this mechanism in anti-tumour immunity in preclinical models. Read More

J Immunol 2018 Nov 28. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35249.

Common variable immunodeficiency disorders (CVID) represent a group of primary immunodeficiency diseases characterized by hypogammaglobulinemia and impaired specific Ab response, resulting in recurrent infections due to dysfunctional immune response. The specific mechanisms mediating immune deficiency in CVID remain to be determined. Previous studies indicated that immune dysregulation in CVID patients is associated with chronic microbial translocation, systemic immune activation, and altered homeostasis of lymphocytic and myeloid lineages. Read More

Allergy 2018 Nov 28. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research, University of Zurich, Switzerland.

Background: Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is the only available treatment for allergic diseases that can induce specific immune tolerance to allergens. The key mechanisms involved in this process include changes in allergen-specific regulatory T (Treg) cells.

Methods: We studied 25 allergic rhinitis patients undergoing subcutaneous house dust mite-specific immunotherapy. Read More

Front Psychol 2018 13;9:2138. Epub 2018 Nov 13.

Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.

Eating disorders (EDs) are characterized by marked cognitive distortions and maladaptive schemas. Cognitive models of EDs highlight the direct impact of cognitive dysfunctions on eating-related disturbances, insofar as specific cognitive contents such as thoughts about diet rules and food or loss of control may trigger disturbed eating behavior. Moreover, early maladaptive schemas that reflect perfectionist standards and relate to achievement and performance seem to be associated with disturbed eating, e. Read More

Front Psychiatry 2018 13;9:580. Epub 2018 Nov 13.

Mental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.

The outcome of first-episode psychosis (FEP) is highly variable, ranging from early sustained recovery to antipsychotic treatment resistance from the onset of illness. For clinicians, a possibility to predict patient outcomes would be highly valuable for the selection of antipsychotic treatment and in tailoring psychosocial treatments and psychoeducation. This selective review summarizes current knowledge of prognostic markers in FEP. Read More

Handb Clin Neurol 2018 ;159:337-344

Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Electronic address:

Poliomyelitis, often termed "polio," is an acute infectious disease caused by an enterovirus which damages the anterior horn cells of the spinal cord and brainstem. Progress to lower motor neurone cell death leads to disruption of motor units and subsequent muscle weakness or complete paralysis. Although the virus is mostly eradicated from the Western world, postpolio decline is prevalent among people aged 60 years and over. Read More

Int J Eat Disord 2018 Nov 27. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany.

Objective: Women with eating disorders (ED) evaluate their own body more negatively than do women without ED. However, it is unclear whether this negative rating is due to objective bodily features or different standards for one's own body and others' bodies. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine whether women with ED apply double standards when rating bodies by disentangling the objective features of one's own body from the feelings of ownership. Read More

Psychol Belg 2018 Apr 23;58(1):34-50. Epub 2018 Apr 23.

Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Tiensestraat 102, 3000 Leuven, BE.

The Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ, Young, 1994) was developed to assess Early Maladaptive Schemas (EMS), which account for the dysfunctional beliefs in individuals with personality disorders or maladaptive personality traits. This study aims to investigate the factor structure, the reliability and the validity of the original YSQ - Short Form (Young & Brown, 1998; YSQ-SF, 15 EMS) as well as an extension including 16 EMS, based on the 16 factor structure of the YSQL2 (Young & Brown, 1998) in a community sample. The sample consisted of 672 participants (51% females; = 44. Read More

Eur J Psychotraumatol 2018 16;9(1):1544026. Epub 2018 Nov 16.

Division of Psychopathology and Clinical Intervention, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

: Along with the implementation of the one-child policy in China, a special group of bereaved parents called 'shiduer' (), meaning parents bereaved by the loss of their only child, emerged. Although previous research has examined the physical and psychological health of this population, individual differences in physical and psychological outcomes are still not well understood. : This study aimed to identify heterogenous subgroups of Chinese bereaved parents who lost their only child based on the physical and psychological health of this population as well as the predictive factors of each subgroup. Read More

Curr Pharm Des 2018 Nov 26. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Dulbecco Telethon Institute, Centre for Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, 38100 Trento. Italy.

Pituitary adenylyl cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a neuropeptide with great neuroprotective effects and remarkable therapeutic potential. PACAP activates several cellular pathways to exert its protective effects. Emerging evidence shows that PACAP can modify the levels and activity of cell cycle components involved in neurodegeneration to protect neurons from death. Read More

Sci Rep 2018 Nov 26;8(1):17394. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK.

Revealing the relationship between dysfunctional genes in blood and brain tissues from patients with Alzheimer's Disease (AD) will help us to understand the pathology of this disease. In this study, we conducted the first such large systematic analysis to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in blood samples from 245 AD cases, 143 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) cases, and 182 healthy control subjects, and then compare these with DEGs in brain samples. We evaluated our findings using two independent AD blood datasets and performed a gene-based genome-wide association study to identify potential novel risk genes. Read More