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Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2019 Apr 18;236(4):366-370. Epub 2019 Apr 18.

Augenklinik, Otto von Guericke Universität Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.

Background And Purpose: Junfeng BFS Water (JBW) is normal drinking water treated by an extremely low frequency electromagnetic field with certain electromagnetic oscillations. This leads to a change in physical water properties, such as an increase in permittivity and an increase in dissolved oxygen. Animal studies show that JBW has certain biological effects, such as improvement in microcirculation, cell hydration, and blood rheology. Read More

Neurol Int 2019 Mar 11;11(1):7958. Epub 2019 Mar 11.

Department of Neurology.

Neuromyelitis Optic (NMO) is an inflammatory disorder involving central nervous system which often co-exists with other autoimmune diseases such as Sjögren's syndrome (SS). NMO manifestation could precede or follow SS, but the role of anti-SSA in the pathogenesis of NMO remains unclear. We present a case of NMO with anti-AQP4 anti-SSA antibody positive. Read More

Oncologist 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Sjögren's Syndrome and Salivary Gland Dysfunction Unit, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Background: The objective of this study was to characterize the clinicopathologic features of sicca syndrome associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy.

Subjects, Materials, And Methods: Consecutive patients with new or worsening xerostomia in the setting of ICI treatment for benign or malignant neoplastic disease were evaluated, including labial salivary gland biopsy (LSGB).

Results: Twenty patients (14 male; median age 57 years) had metastatic melanoma ( = 10), metastatic carcinoma ( = 6), or recurrent respiratory papillomatosis ( = 4) and were being treated with avelumab ( = 8), nivolumab ( = 5), pembrolizumab ( = 4), nivolumab/ipilimumab ( = 2), and M7824, a biologic targeting programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and transforming growth factor ß ( = 1). Read More

Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2019 Apr 15:1-9. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

a Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital , College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul , Republic of Korea.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a novel topical cyclosporin A 0.05% nanoemulsion in comparison with a conventional emulsion in primary Sjögren's syndrome dry eyes.

Methods: Prospective, randomized, double-blinded study was conducted. Read More

Can J Ophthalmol 2019 Apr 7;54(2):180-189. Epub 2018 Jun 7.

Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ont; Department of Ophthalmology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ont.. Electronic address:

Objective: To summarize and quantitatively evaluate sleep outcomes of dry eye disease (DED) patients.

Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Participants: DED patients were individuals with dry eye symptoms or primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS). Read More

J Proteome Res 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College , Fudan University , Shanghai , China.

Dry eye syndrome (DES) is a growing public health concern with a high global prevalence; however, the fundamental processes involved in its pathogenic mechanisms remain poorly understood. In the present study, we applied nanoscale liquid chromatography and quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (nanoLC/Q-TOF-MS/MS) and ultraperformance LC/Q-TOF-MS/MS technologies on tear samples obtained from 18 dry eye patients and 19 healthy controls for integrated proteomic and metabolomic analyses. Overall, 1031 tear proteins were detected, while 190 proteins were determined to be significantly expressed in dry eye patients. Read More

Surv Ophthalmol 2019 Apr 3. Epub 2019 Apr 3.

Departments of Ophthalmology, Neurology, & Neurosurgery, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL.

An 84-year-old woman with a history of dry age-related macular degeneration presented with an acute inability to read but intact writing ability (pure alexia or alexia without agraphia). She denied any difficulty speaking, paresthesias, or hemiparesis. Her visual acuity was 20/20 in each eye. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Apr;98(14):e14984

Department of Medical Research, China Medical University HsinChu Hospital, HsinChu County, China Medical University.

To determine the incidence and risk of Parkinson disease (PD) in patients with Sjögren syndrome (SS) according to a nationwide population-based database.In total, 12,640 patients in the SS cohort and 50,560 in the non-SS cohort were enrolled from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database from 2000 to 2010. We used the Cox multivariable proportional hazards model to determine the risk factors for PD in the SS cohort. Read More

Blood Adv 2019 Apr;3(7):1003-1010

Graduate School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.

Chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) profoundly affects the quality of life of long-term survivors of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT). The eyes are frequently involved, and dry eye syndrome is the most common manifestation of ocular chronic GVHD. We explored the role of heat shock protein 47 (HSP47) in ocular GVHD and developed a novel antifibrotic topical therapy using vitamin A-coupled liposomes containing HSP47 small interfering RNA (siRNA) against HSP47 (VA-lip HSP47). Read More

J Fr Ophtalmol 2019 Mar 28. Epub 2019 Mar 28.

Department of Ophthalmology III, Quinze-Vingts National Ophthalmology Hospital, Paris, France; Inserm, U968, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris 06, UMR_S 968, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France; CNRS, UMR_7210, 75012 Paris, France.

Lacrycon is a preservative-free hypotonic artificial tear for the treatment of dry eye syndrome containing hyaluronic acid, carbomer, and glycerol. Lacrycon has been used for many years; this is the first comprehensive review of clinical efficacy and tolerability. Eight clinical studies (1992-2013) were reviewed. Read More

J Fr Ophtalmol 2019 Mar 27. Epub 2019 Mar 27.

Service d'ophtalmologie, CHU Farhat Hached, Sousse Tunisie.

Purpose: To assess the impact of glaucoma treatment and ocular surface disease (OSD) on the vision-specific quality-of-life (VS-QoL) of glaucoma patients attending Farhat Hached university hospital Sousse-Tunisia.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study enrolling one-hundred-twenty patients followed for primary open angle glaucoma. All patients successfully responded to the Arabic version of the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire 25 (NEI-VFQ 25). Read More

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2019 Mar;60(4):1254-1264

Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, Korea.

Purpose: To investigate whether rapamycin protects tear production and the ocular surface during endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced dry eye syndrome in mice.

Methods: Tunicamycin was injected intraperitoneally in BALB/c mice without or with rapamycin (TM or RM5 group). Peritoneal injection of PBS performed in vehicle group. Read More

J Inflamm (Lond) 2019 18;16. Epub 2019 Mar 18.

2Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, POB 12000, 91120 Jerusalem, Israel.

Background: Cytokines are known to be key players in dry eye syndrome (DES) and Sjogren's syndrome (SS) pathogenesis. In this study we compared single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variations in genes encoding cytokine levels among SS and DES patients in Israel.

Methods: We recruited 180 subjects, 82 with SS and 98 with DES. Read More

Brain Res Bull 2019 Mar 25. Epub 2019 Mar 25.

Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Pharma Center, University of Bonn, D-53127, Bonn, Germany. Electronic address:

P2Y receptors are G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) for extracellular nucleotides. There are eight mammalian P2Y receptor subtypes divided into two subgroups (P2Y, P2Y, P2Y, P2Y, and P2Y) and (P2Y, P2Y, and P2Y). The P2Y receptors are expressed in various cell types and play important roles in physiology and pathophysiology including inflammatory responses and neuropathic pain. Read More

Int J Ophthalmol 2019 18;12(3):393-400. Epub 2019 Mar 18.

Department of Ophthalmology and Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju 501-757, South Korea.

Aim: To investigate the abnormalities in the meibomian gland in patients with dry eye disease (DED) associated with chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease (coGVHD) in comparison with Sjögren's syndrome (SS), a major form of aqueous deficient DED and meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), a common cause of evaporative DED.

Methods: A total 135 eyes of 135 subjects included in this study: patients with DED associated with coGVHD (=30), patients with SS (=35), patients with MGD (=35), and normal controls (=35). All participants completed the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, ocular surface examination [Schirmer test, tear film breakup time (TFBUT), and ocular surface staining], and meibomian gland assessment [meiboscore (gland dropout detected on meibography using infrared camera of the Keratograph 5M), meibum expressibility score (MES), meibum quality score (MQS), lid margin abnormality]. Read More

Ocul Surf 2019 Mar 21. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France; Université Sorbonne Paris Cité USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, France.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to characterize the expression of inflammation-related genes on the ocular surface of Sjögren syndrome (SS) patients and to evaluate their correlations with clinical symptoms and signs.

Methods: The study enrolled 30 patients with SS dry eye and 15 healthy controls. Symptoms were evaluated using OSDI questionnaire. Read More

J Am Acad Dermatol 2019 Mar 21. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

The Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN. Electronic address:

Background: Cycline antibiotics (CA) are commonly used to treat acne, blepharitis, and dry eye syndrome (DES). Prescribers or patients may hesitate to use CAs, since they may increase the risk of pseudotumor cerebri syndrome (PTCS).

Objective: To assess whether CA use is associated with an increased risk of PTCS or papilledema and whether the risk depends upon dosage or duration of CA intake. Read More

J Craniofac Surg 2019 Mar 16. Epub 2019 Mar 16.

Department of Ophthalmology, Division of Oculoplastic Surgery.

Purpose: To evaluate ophthalmic complications and quantitatively assess anatomic changes following maxillectomy with or without adjuvant radiotherapy in patients with midface malignancy.

Methods: Twenty-four patients who underwent maxillectomy for sinus and/or paranasal cancer were included for retrospective review. Patients with complete ophthalmic examinations were evaluated for postoperative findings corresponding to sequelae of treatment. Read More

Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2019 Mar 18. Epub 2019 Mar 18.

Division of Oculofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Ophthalmology.

Purpose: To report initial results using a native 240 frames per second smartphone camera for 2-dimensional videographic analysis of eyelid dynamics during spontaneous blinking.

Methods: Spontaneous blinking was prospectively recorded in volunteers using a smartphone camera recording at 240 frames per second in 720p. A standardized recording setup was used in which the smartphone was mounted on a tripod stand at 0. Read More

Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2019 May;30(3):166-178

Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.

Purpose Of Review: The prevalence and burden of dry eye disease continues to grow at a rapid pace, creating an increased need for new therapies. In a sector once limited to only a handful of treatments, clinicians now have multiple options available for patients who fail traditional therapies. This review summarizes the various treatment options available to clinicians treating complex dry eye disease patients. Read More

Clin Ophthalmol 2019 12;13:483-490. Epub 2019 Mar 12.

Department of Ophthalmology, La Fe Hospital, Valencia, Spain.

Purpose: To investigate the safety and efficacy of sterile isotonic seawater washes vs standard treatment with carmellose artificial tears in dry eye syndrome (DES).

Patients And Methods: This is a randomized multicenter prospective study with 12 weeks of follow-up. A group of patients with DES (N=60) were treated with seawater spray (Quinton) five times daily, and another similar group (N=60) were treated with carmellose artificial tears eyedrops (Viscofresh 0. Read More

J Fr Ophtalmol 2019 Mar 15;42(3):226-243. Epub 2019 Mar 15.

Service d'ophtalmologie III, CHNO des Quinze-Vingts, IHU Sight Restore, Paris, France; CHNO des Quinze-Vingts, IHU ForeRestore, INSERM-DHOS CIC 1423, Paris, France; Inserm, U968; UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR_S968, institut de la Vision; CNRS, UMR 7210; CHNO des Quinze-Vingts, INSERMDHOS CIC 503, Paris, France; Service d'ophtalmologie, hôpital Ambroise-Paré, AP-HP, université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Versailles, France. Electronic address:

Dry eye is a complex multifactorial disease of the ocular surface and tears. It is associated with ocular surface symptoms and is one of the most common causes for ophthalmologic consultation. Despite their frequent use in clinical practice, the usual tests to evaluate dry eye and ocular surface disease-history of symptoms, tear break-up time (TBUT), Meibomian gland evaluation, corneal fluorescein staining, Schirmer test-have shown low reproducibility and reliability. Read More

Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2019 Mar 6. Epub 2019 Mar 6.

Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft - German Research Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain, Göttingen, Germany; Klinikum Rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany. Electronic address:

Background: The diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) is still challenging and biomarkers could contribute to an improved diagnostic accuracy. Tear fluid (TF) is an easily accessible body fluid reflecting pathophysiological changes in systemic and ocular diseases and is already used as a biomarker source for several ophthalmological disorders. Here, we analyzed the TF of patients with PD and controls (CTR) to describe disease-related changes in TF and identify putative biomarkers for the diagnosis of PD. Read More

J Occup Health 2019 Mar 22;61(2):175-181. Epub 2019 Jan 22.

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan.

Objectives: Blind working (BW) time (time during which vision is not required), the interblink interval (IBI), and subjective symptoms were investigated in workers using visual display terminals (VDTs).

Subjects And Methods: To investigate BW time, 10 VDT users were instructed to close their eyes when this did not interfere with their work. They were video recorded for 60 minutes using a webcam attached to the display on which they were engaged in regular data input tasks, and BW time was measured. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019 Mar 11;16(5). Epub 2019 Mar 11.

Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea.

: Dry eye syndrome (DES) is a common disease with an increasing occurrence. Although DES symptoms are considered mild, it can reduce quality of life for individuals. Many studies on DES have been conducted, but these focused on the use of electronic devices. Read More

Cornea 2019 Mar 5. Epub 2019 Mar 5.

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Catholic Institute for Visual Science, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Purpose: To investigate the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines in the conjunctival epithelium and correlations with clinical parameters in dry eye disease (DED).

Methods: This study evaluated 28 patients with Sjögren syndrome (SS) DED, 28 patients with non-SS DED, and 10 controls. The messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, interferon (IFN)-γ, IL-17, and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) from conjunctival epithelium was investigated by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Read More

Vestn Oftalmol 2019;135(1):74-83

S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, 59A Beskudnikovsky Blvd., Moscow, Russian Federation, 127486.

Purpose: To assess the prevalence and severity of dry eye syndrome (DES) in patients with myopia being evaluated for laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK).

Material And Methods: The prospective, non-interventional, cross-sectional study involving 9 Russian ophthalmic centers included 400 patients with myopia (aged 29.7 years in average). Read More

Vestn Oftalmol 2019;135(1):12-20

Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, 2 Litovskaya St., Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 194100.

Obturation of the lacrimal duct is a new method being developed in parallel to drug therapy for the treatment of patients with dry eye syndrome (DES). However, the abundance of methods of obturation and the lack of experience with them indicates the necessity of their comparative evaluation and development of a therapeutic algorithm.

Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of various ways of obturating the lacrimal duct, to determine their choice and the sequence of their application in the treatment of patients with DES. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Mar;98(9):e14641

Department of Ophthalmology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju.

To compare the characteristics of dry eye (DE) patients who did and did not satisfy the 2016 American College of Rheumatology (ACR)-European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) classification criteria for primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS) among patients with pre-existing SS diagnosed according to the 2012 ACR criteriaThis cross-sectional study evaluated 91 patients with pre-existing SS and 55 with non-SS DE. Patients with SS were divided into 2 groups according to whether they met the revised 2016 ACR-EULAR classification criteria for primary SS. Group 1 (n = 71) was comprised of patients who satisfied the revised 2016 criteria and group 2 (n = 20) was comprised of patients who did not satisfy the newly revised criteria. Read More

Nucl Med Commun 2019 Apr;40(4):343-348

Department of Nuclear Medicine.

Purpose: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of semiquantitative parameters in salivary gland scintigraphy (SGS) in the diagnostic work-up of primary Sjögren's Syndrome (SS) using the American-European consensus criteria (AECC) as the gold standard.

Patients And Methods: 99mTc-pertechnetate-SGS was performed in 110 patients with suspected primary SS. Uptake ratios (URs) and excretion fractions (EFs) for all parotid and submandibular salivary glands were calculated. Read More

J Immunol Res 2019 21;2019:9060842. Epub 2019 Jan 21.

Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.

Objectives: To assess whether there are shared exposures associated with Sjogren's syndrome (SS), dry eye syndrome (DES), and B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL), in order to determine whether they are etiologically related.

Methods: In a clinic-based case-control study, 702 participants (91 SS, 120 DES, 211 (age and sex frequency-matched) controls, and 280 B-NHL cases) were recruited and interviewed regarding exposures, medical history, and family history.

Results: Female predominance was noted in SS (ratio 9. Read More

Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2019 Feb 22:1-6. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

c Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Institute for Visual Science, College of Medicine , The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul , Republic of Korea.

Purpose: To compare meibomian gland (MG) imaging findings and lipid layer thickness (LLT) between patients with primary Sjögren syndrome (SS) dry eyes (DE) and non-SS DE.

Methods: A total of 60 patients-30 with SS DE and 30 with non-SS DE were evaluated. Infrared image findings of MGs and LLT were assessed using the LipiView II interferometer. Read More

Jpn J Ophthalmol 2019 Mar 19;63(2):127-136. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Department of Optics and Spectroscopy, Faculty of Physics, St. Kliment Ohridski University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria.

Tear-film (TF) stability protects the ocular surface epithelium from desiccation and is ensured via cooperation between the ocular surface components including constituents of the TF and ocular surface epithelium. Thus, when those components are insufficient or impaired, the TF breakup that initiates dry eye occurs. Recently, new, commercially available eye drops have appeared in Japan that enable TF stabilization via targeted supplementation of deficient ocular surface components. Read More

J Immunol Res 2019 13;2019:7935451. Epub 2019 Jan 13.

Ocular Surface Diseases and Dry Eye Clinic, The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Background: Diagnostic criteria for Sjögren's syndrome (SS) are continually being updated in pursuit of more precise and earlier diagnosis to prevent its complications. Owing to the high rate of false negative traditional serological markers, the need for better serological testing remains.

Objective: To investigate the clinical significance of three recently discovered novel autoantibodies, anti-salivary gland protein 1 (SP1), anti-carbonic anhydrase 6 (CA6), and anti-parotid secretory protein (PSP), in a cohort of dry eye patients with suspected underlying inflammatory/autoimmune disease. Read More

J Immunol Res 2019 13;2019:7627384. Epub 2019 Jan 13.

Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.

Despite the overall success of using R-CHOP for the care for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients, it is clear that the disease is quite complex and new insight is needed to further stratify the patient for a better personized treatment. In current study, based on previous studies from animal model, new panels combining well-established cytokine (BAFF) and autoantibodies (anti-SSA/Ro) with newly identified cytokine (IL14) and autoantibodies (TSA) were used to evaluate the association between B cell growth factor and Sjögren's related autoantibodies in NHL patients. The result clearly indicates that there was a unique difference between BAFF and IL14 in association with autoantibodies. Read More

Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol 2018 Jul-Dec;25(3-4):170-172

Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto-University of São Paulo, Brazil.

This study aims to describe a case of double lower lacrimal punctum-canaliculi in a dry eye patient treated with a punctal plug. A 60-year-old healthy female presented with complaints of tearing, itchy eyes, and foreign body sensation in the right eye for many years. There was no history of trauma or inflammation. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2019 Feb 14;19(1):51. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Department of Ophthalmology, University of Kansas School of Medicine, 7400 State Line Rd, Prairie Village, Kansas, USA.

Background: To report a case of orbital inflammation after bisphosphonate infusion in a patient who was already receiving immunosuppressive therapy.

Case Presentation: A 56-year-old woman presented to the ophthalmology clinic with acute onset of right eye pain 24 h after receiving her first Zolendronic acid infusion. She has a past medical history of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, Sjogren's syndrome, and systemic lupus erythematosus that have been controlled with immunosuppressive therapy for three years. Read More

Korean J Ophthalmol 2019 Feb;33(1):26-35

Department of Ophthalmology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea.

Purpose: To investigate the associations between blood heavy metal concentrations and dry eye disease using a Korean population-based survey.

Methods: This study included 23,376 participants >40 years of age who participated in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2010 to 2012. Blood concentrations of lead, cadmium, and mercury were measured in all participants. Read More

J Cell Biochem 2019 Feb 3. Epub 2019 Feb 3.

Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.

Family with sequence similarity 83 member H (FAM83H) protein-coding geneplay an essential role in the structural organization, calcification of developing enamel, and keratin cytoskeleton disassembly by recruiting Casein kinase 1 alpha (CSNK1A1) to keratin filaments. In this study, we have applied CRISPR Cas9 nickase (D10A) to knockout (KO) the Fam83h gene in NMRI outbred mice. We generated homozygous Fam83h KO mice ( Fam83h ) through a premature termination codon, which was validated by Sanger sequencing in F0 generation. Read More

Hong Kong Med J 2019 Feb 31;25(1):38-47. Epub 2019 Jan 31.

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.

Dry eye disease is one of the most common ophthalmic complaints; it results from the activity of various pathways and is considered a multifactorial disease. An important factor that contributes to the onset of dry eye disease is meibomian gland dysfunction. Meibomian gland dysfunction causes a disruption in the tear film lipid layer which affects the rate of tear evaporation. Read More

Langmuir 2019 Mar 23;35(9):3545-3552. Epub 2019 Feb 23.

Ophthalmology , University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , Haartmaninkatu 8 , FI-00290 Helsinki , Finland.

Dry eye syndrome (DES) is a prevalent disease in which the tear film homeostasis is compromised. One of the main causes of DES is thought to be an alteration in the composition of the outermost layer of the tear film, the tear film lipid layer (TFLL), resulting in an increased evaporation of water from the tear film and subsequent drying of the ocular surface. Recent studies have suggested that the specific TFLL lipids, namely, O-acyl-ω-hydroxy fatty acids (OAHFAs) and diesters (DiEs), may play a role in the development of DES. Read More

J Occup Health 2019 Jan;61(1):19-35

Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.

Objectives: 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol (2EH), a fragrance ingredient and a raw material for the production of plasticizer di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, is responsible for sick building syndrome (SBS). This review aims to clarify the 2EH characteristics as an indoor air pollutant such as indoor air concentration, emission mechanism, toxicity, and clinical effects.

Methods: Scientific publications in English that has been made available on PubMed as of June 2018 and ad hoc publications in regional languages were reviewed. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2019 Jan 28;19(1):35. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Department of Neural and Behavioral Science, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, MC H109, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033-0850, USA.

Background: Dry eye disease (DED) is a prevalent complication of diabetes and presents as reduced tear production and/or increased corneal surface sensitivity often with secondary ocular surface changes. This study examined the safety and efficacy of a proprietary new eye drop formulation for topical treatment of DED.

Methods: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) was established in male Sprague-Dawley rats to study the efficacy and safety of the investigational compound that contained 20 μg/ml of naltrexone (NTX). Read More

J Fr Ophtalmol 2019 Feb 23;42(2):127-132. Epub 2019 Jan 23.

Faculté de médecine et des sciences biomédicales, université de Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroun.

Meibomian gland dysfunction is the leading cause of evaporative-type dry eye syndrome. Our goal was to determine the epidemiological and clinical features of meibomian gland dysfunction as well as its impact on the ocular surface in elderly black patients in Cameroon.

Patients And Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis from January 2 through May 31, 2017 in the ophthalmology department of Laquintinie Hospital in Douala, including blacks aged 50 years and older. Read More

Nutrients 2019 01 24;11(2). Epub 2019 Jan 24.

Department of Oral Surgery and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway.

Senses of smell and taste, saliva flow, and dental status are considered as important factors for the maintenance of a good nutritional status. Salivary secretory rates, chemosensory function, burning mouth sensation, halitosis and dental status were investigated in 58 primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) patients, 22 non-Sjögren's syndrome sicca (non-SS) patients, and 57 age-matched healthy controls. A significantly greater proportion of pSS and non-SS patients had ageusia, dysgeusia, burning mouth sensation, and halitosis compared to controls. Read More

Cornea 2019 May;38(5):658-661

Department of Health Services, Policy, and Practice, Center for Evidence Synthesis in Health, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI.

Purpose: Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a common autoimmune disease affecting about four million Americans. Although approximately 1 in 10 patients with clinically-significant aqueous deficient dry eye has underlying SS, widespread underappreciation of SS leads to significant underdiagnosis, delays in diagnosis, and consequent morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this article is to illustrate that in addition to dry eye, SS can cause serious, vision-threatening extraglandular ocular manifestations. Read More

Sci Total Environ 2019 Mar 11;657:1121-1126. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Section of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan. Electronic address:

Previously, we showed that farm soil levels of chromium were strongly correlated with people's serum chromium levels and an increase (3.6 fold) in both the incidence and prevalence of sicca syndrome in areas where farm soil chromium was high. Because Sjogren's syndrome (SS) is the major disease causing a dry mouth and dry eyes, we aimed in the study to investigate whether these areas with high soil chromium have a high SS prevalence. Read More

Zhongguo Zhen Jiu 2019 Jan;39(1):87-90

College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Gansu University of CM, Lanzhou 730000, China.

The rules of acupoint selection of acupuncture for dry eye in recent 10 years were summarized to provide reference for clinical treatment. The clinical researches regarding acupuncture for dry eye published from May 5, 2007 to December 1, 2017 were searched in CNKI, WANFANG and VIP database. The acupoint and meridian used and application frequency were analyzed to summarize the rules of acupoint selection. Read More

Zhongguo Zhen Jiu 2018 Nov;38(11):1177-82

Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Guanganmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China; Beijing University of CM.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of walnut-shell moxibusiton on dry eye symptoms.

Methods: A total of 67 patients with dry eye symptoms were randomized into a walnut moxibustion group and a sodium hyaluronate eye drops group.

Methods: In the walnut moxibustion group, the walnut moxibustion was used, once every two days, 3 times a week, for 4 weeks totally. Read More