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Res Rep Urol 2018 18;10:89-94. Epub 2018 Sep 18.

Department of Pediatric Urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Japan,

Introduction: Lichen sclerosus (LS), or balanitis xerotica obliterans, is a chronic, inflammatory disease accompanied by cicatrizing skin conditions resulting in pathologic phimosis. LS can be detected clinically by the whitish appearance of the glans or the foreskin, thickened, nonretractable foreskin, dysuria, and spraying. However, diagnosis is confirmed histopathologically. Read More

J Paediatr Child Health 2018 Jan 11;54(1):42-48. Epub 2017 Aug 11.

Department of Urology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo Hospital of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.

Aim: To determine the correct ShangRing size for paediatric circumcision using the no-flip technique.

Methods: A cohort of 104 boys (from 6 to 14 years) underwent ShangRing circumcision at Ningbo First Hospital, China. The patients were randomly divided into three groups according to the different methods used for choosing the ring size. Read More

J Clin Diagn Res 2015 Dec 1;9(12):PC01-3. Epub 2015 Dec 1.

Consultant Urological Surgeon, Wexham Park Hospital , Wexham, Royal County of Berkshire, SL2 4HL, UK .

Objective: Circumcision, by most conventional methodologies, involves division of the frenulum and excision of the entire foreskin covering the glans. This seemingly simple procedure is occasionally associated with dreadful and devastating complications. We describe a new frenulum-sparing technique that circumvents some of the potential complications of conventional techniques and could also potentially help preserve preputial role in sexual function. Read More

Nat Rev Urol 2015 Dec 3;12(12):661-70. Epub 2015 Nov 3.

Office of HIV/AIDS at the US Agency for International Development, 2100 Crystal Drive, 9th Floor, Arlington, VA 22202, USA.

Throughout East and Southern Africa, the WHO recommends voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) to reduce heterosexual HIV acquisition. Evidence has informed policy and the implementation of VMMC programmes in these countries. VMMC has been incorporated into the HIV prevention portfolio and more than 9 million VMMCs have been performed. Read More

Afr J Paediatr Surg 2014 Apr-Jun;11(2):105-8

Department of Urology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belgaum, Karnataka, India.

Background: The most commonly performed operation to repair distal hypospadias is the Tubularised incised plate (TIP) repair. The key step is midline incision of the urethral plate, which widens a narrow plate and converts a flat into a deep plate groove, ensuring a vertical, slit neomeatus and a normal-calibre neourethra. At times in cases of proximal hypospadias, the urethral plate is very narrow and needs to be augmented or substituted for further tubularisation. Read More

Sex Health 2014 Mar;11(1):58-66

The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia.

Unlabelled: Background Papua New Guinea (PNG) has one of the highest prevalences of HIV and sexually transmissible infections (STIs) in the Asia-Pacific region, and one of the highest burdens of maternal syphilis and cervical cancer globally. Despite this disease burden, only limited clinical research in sexual and reproductive health has been conducted in PNG.

Methods: A longitudinal clinical cohort study was conducted at two sexual health clinics. Read More

Med Pregl 2012 Jul-Aug;65(7-8):295-300

Klinika za deiju hirurgiju, Institut za zdravstvenu zastitu dece i omladine Vojvodine, Novi Sad

Introduction: The prepuce envelops the glans as a variant of a mucocutaneous tissue presenting with a lot offunctions, the most important of them being to protect the infant's glans from feces and ammonia in diapers, to protect the glans from abrasions and trauma throughout life, and to provide sufficient skin in erection. Circumcision was recognized as a method of solving foreskin problems a long time before Christ. Practicing male circumcision in history was customary several thousand years ago and has spread worldwide. Read More

AIDS Care 2012 14;24(1):77-86. Epub 2011 Jul 14.

Australian Centre for International and Tropical Health, School of Population Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.

Male circumcision (MC) significantly reduces the risk of HIV acquisition in men. The geographical, linguistic and cultural diversity of Papua New Guinea (PNG) makes issues of acceptability and implementation complex, and culturally appropriate HIV and Sexually Transmissible Infection (STI) prevention strategies are crucial in this setting. A modified Delphi approach was conducted with sexual health specialists to document and classify variants of penile cutting as part of a programme of research being carried out to investigate the acceptability and potential epidemiological impact of MC for HIV prevention in PNG, and options for future roll-out. Read More

ScientificWorldJournal 2011 Feb 3;11:289-301. Epub 2011 Feb 3.

Department of Nephro-urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Japan.

Phimosis is a condition in which the prepuce cannot be retracted over the glans penis. Actually, physiologic phimosis is common in male patients up to 3 years of age, but often extends into older age groups. Balanoposthitisis a common inflammation occurring in 4-11% of uncircumcised boys. Read More

Cir Pediatr 2011 Jan;24(1):51-4

Servicio de Cirugía Pediátrica, Hospital Infantil Gregorio Marañón, Madrid.

Introduction: Phimosis is perhaps one of the most frequent consultation on pediatric surgery clinics throught the world. The aim of this study is to compare the two procedures more frequently performed in our hospital: dorsal slit and circumcision. PATIENTS Y METHODS: Retrospective study of 1698 patients who were admitted for elective surgical treatment of phimosis between 2003 and 2009. Read More

Hinyokika Kiyo 2008 Jun;54(6):427-9

Department of Urology, Azumino Red Cross Hospital.

We report a case of urinary retention caused by true phimosis in a 67-year-old man with untreated diabetes mellitus. The patient could not void in a stream, and urine dropped out of the external urethral orifice with manual compression of the penis. Subsequently, he visited our hospital due to urinary retention. Read More

Int J Urol 2008 Aug 3;15(8):651-64. Epub 2008 Jun 3.

Department of Nephro-urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.

Anatomical anomalies in hypospadias are an abnormal ventral opening of the urethral meatus, abnormal ventral curvature of the penis and abnormal distribution of the foreskin around the glans with a ventrally deficient hooded foreskin. The techniques of hypospadias surgery continue to evolve. The current standard of care for hypospadias repair includes not only a functional penis adequate for sexual intercourse and urethral reconstruction offering the ability to stand to urinate, but also a satisfactory cosmetic result. Read More

Int J Urol 2007 Jan;14(1):43-7

Department of Urology, Tokyo Metropolitan Kiyose Children's Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Objective: Tubularized incised plate urethroplasty has become a popular technique for repairing distal and proximal hypospadias in many institutions. Dorsal inlay graft urethroplasty has been used in our institution since 2003 to reduce the risk of meatal stenosis. In the present study, we evaluated the results of the dorsal inlay graft procedure. Read More

Am Fam Physician 2000 Dec;62(12):2623-6, 2628

University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Ohio, USA.

Paraphimosis is a urologic emergency, occurring in uncircumcised males, in which the foreskin becomes trapped behind the corona and forms a tight band of constricting tissue. Often iatrogenically induced, paraphimosis can be prevented by returning the prepuce to cover the glans following penile manipulation. Treatment often begins with reduction of edema, followed by a variety of options, including mechanical compression, pharmacologic therapy, puncture technique and dorsal slit. Read More

Urology 2000 Mar;55(3):419-21

Section of Pediatric Urology, Cooper Hospital/University Medical Center, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Camden, New Jersey 08103-1439, USA.

Objectives: The surgical treatment of phimosis is usually circumcision. In countries in which circumcision is not widely practiced, this approach results in a phallus that is cosmetically unacceptable. We applied a ventral slit procedure to boys with severe phimosis and achieved outstanding results. Read More

Am Fam Physician 1996 Jul;54(1):177-82

University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Ohio, USA.

Most newborn circumcisions performed in the United States are done with either a Gomco clamp or a Plastibell device. The Mogen clamp, devised by a jewish mohel, provides a quick and simple surgical alternative. The foreskin is freed from the glans by blunt dissection, but no dorsal slit is made. Read More

Am J Emerg Med 1995 May;13(3):351-3

Department of Surgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA.

Paraphimosis occurs when the foreskin of the penis is retracted over the glans and cannot be replaced in its normal position. The tight ring of preputial skin constricts the distal penis causing vascular occlusion, much like a tourniquet. The condition is painful and, if not dealt with quickly, can lead to necrosis of the glans. Read More

Eur J Pediatr Surg 1994 Dec;4(6):370-1

Department of Paediatric Surgery, St. Jame's University Hospital, Leeds, UK.

Paraphimosis in uncircumcised or incompletely circumcised children is a serious and painful condition requiring prompt reduction to prevent possible necrosis of the glans or urinary obstruction. Techniques described to reduce oedema distal to the constricting ring include application of ice packs, compressive elastic bandages, and making a dorsal slit which necessitates later circumcision. We have used a simple "puncture" technique to treat successfully an uncircumcised 12-year-old boy with severe paraphimosis. Read More