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J Trauma Dissociation 2019 Feb 13:1-14. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

a Department of Psychology , Middlebury College , Middlebury , VT , USA.

Attention in trauma-related disorders has been characterized by both vigilance and avoidance of trauma-related or aversive stimuli. This study used eye-tracking technology to investigate how cumulative trauma, as well as hypervigilance and dissociative symptoms, affected attentional patterns to anticipated negative stimuli and actual negative stimuli. A sample of forty-two trauma participants recruited from the community had a choice about where to look on a computer screen knowing which segments of the screen negative stimuli were likely to appear. Read More

Indian J Psychiatry 2019 Jan;61(Suppl 2):247-253

Psychiatry Unit, Moti Lal Nehru Medical College, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.

J Clin Sleep Med 2019 Feb 4. Epub 2019 Feb 4.

Abstract: The most common sleep disorders that can result in injurious or violent behaviors include REM sleep behavioral disorder, sleepwalking, comorbid parasomnias, sleep-related dissociative disorder, and obstructive sleep apnea. Video polysomnography is usually indicated to evaluate recurring sleep-related injury in adults. Only one-third of patients with complex paroxysmal nocturnal events will have one of their habitual events on a single night of in-laboratory video polysomnography, most often those who have prominent, high-frequency motor features. Read More

Arch Gynecol Obstet 2019 Feb 8. Epub 2019 Feb 8.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 440, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.

Purpose: To investigate the real-life epidemiology of mental disorders during pregnancy and their impact on birth outcome in an unselected low-risk population in Germany.

Methods: Claims data of the Techniker Krankenkasse (TK) were analyzed as part of a retrospective observational study over a one-year period from 01/2008 to 12/2008 including 38,174 pregnant women. ICD-10 codes were clustered into four diagnostic groups: depression, anxiety disorders, somatoform/dissociative disorders and acute stress reactions. Read More

J Trauma Dissociation 2019 Feb 4:1-16. Epub 2019 Feb 4.

d University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan , USA.

The purpose of this study was to explore relationships between maltreatment, posttraumatic stress disorder, and the dissociative subtype of posttraumatic stress disorder among adolescents. This descriptive study used secondary data from the National Child Traumatic Stress Network Core Data Set. A clinical sample of adolescents exposed to potentially traumatizing events ages 12 to 16 was selected (N = 3081) to explore associations between trauma history characteristics, sociodemographic factors, posttraumatic stress disorder, and the dissociative subtype of PTSD which includes depersonalization and derealization. Read More

J Trauma Dissociation 2019 Jan 28:1-16. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

a Center for Psychiatry Südwürttemberg , Ulm University , Ravensburg- Weissenau , Germany.

We analyze the empirical evidence for the association between the occurrence of dissociation and acting as a female sex worker (FSW). The ten screened databases included original research papers looking at the association between various abusive relationships and dissociation. From the initial 5942 records, we screened 554 full-text articles from which eleven studies met the inclusion criteria. Read More

Ideggyogy Sz 2018 Nov;71(11-12):385-392

Sakarya University Research and Training Hospital, Department of Neurology, İstanbul, Turkey.

Background And Purpose: Migraine is a common and often debilitating disorder. Although the existence of a link between migraine and certain psychological features has long been known, data on dissociative experiences in migraine patients is insufficient. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of psychoform and somatoform dissociative experiences among migraine patients without aura and to examine their relationship with pain perception and disability. Read More

Psychol Trauma 2018 Dec 27. Epub 2018 Dec 27.

Department of Psychiatry.

Objective: Profiling patients who report early childhood trauma and emotional neglect may be useful for treatment planning. This study attempts to quantify a two-dimensional "trauma-neglect model" (Draijer, 2003) proposed to distinguish clinical profiles in terms of trauma-related, dissociative, and personality pathology.

Method: A sample of patients referred to a trauma program ( = 49) and a personality disorders program ( = 101) was extensively assessed. Read More

Early Interv Psychiatry 2018 Dec 25. Epub 2018 Dec 25.

Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.

Aim: Increasing evidence suggests that childhood trauma and dissociation are associated with psychotic symptoms and disorders. Significant rates of dissociative disorders and clinical levels of dissociative symptoms are found in chronic schizophrenia. To date, no studies have examined the prevalence of these in a first episode psychosis (FEP) group. Read More

Emerg (Tehran) 2018 2;6(1):e47. Epub 2018 Aug 2.

Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Introduction: About 5% of visits to emergency departments are made up of conversion disorder cases. This study was designed with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of quetiapine and haloperidol in controlling conversion disorder symptoms.

Methods: The present single-blind clinical trial has been performed on patients with conversion disorder (based on the DSM-IV definition) presenting to emergency department of 9-Day Hospital, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran, from January 2017 until May 2018. Read More

Dialogues Clin Neurosci 2018 Sep;20(3):229-242

The Trauma Disorders Program, Sheppard Pratt Health System, Maryland, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Controversy about dissociation and the dissociative disorders (DD) has existed since the beginning of modern psychiatry and psychology. Even among professionals, beliefs about dissociation/DD often are not based on the scientific literature. Multiple lines of evidence support a powerful relationship between dissociation/DD and psychological trauma, especially cumulative and/or early life trauma. Read More

Eat Weight Disord 2018 Dec 18. Epub 2018 Dec 18.

Meadows Behavioral Healthcare, Wickenburg, AZ, USA.

Background: Learning about the life stories of patients who have experienced a severe eating disorder (ED), but also traumas that led to PTSD, dissociative disorders, and other comorbidities, has great value to clinicians in their efforts to deliver trauma-informed care (TIC). Many investigators have been researching and writing about these issues for years, and strong scientific evidence has emerged, indicating that trauma is a significant risk factor for the development of EDs, particularly in its bulimic forms.

Purpose: Peer-reviewed literature contains scarce input from people with "lived experiences". Read More

Front Psychol 2018 4;9:2390. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Mother and Child Department, Del Ponte Hospital, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST) Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy.

The direct and long-term effects of children's exposure to traumatic events can be seen in a complex continuum, based first of all on the type of trauma. Children's reactions to trauma may have different manifestations from the clinical picture of the PTSD, exhibiting dissociative, somatic, depressive or anxiety symptoms, and/or disruptiveness. we conducted a cross-sectional study in a psychiatric patients sample to determine the extent to which complex trauma history is associated with disease-related characteristics (diagnosis, dissociative symptoms, somatic symptomatology, impairment degree). Read More

Transl Psychiatry 2018 Dec 14;8(1):280. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Statistical Genomics and Data Analysis Core, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.

Growing evidence suggests that the glutamatergic modulator ketamine has rapid antidepressant effects in treatment-resistant depressed subjects. The anticholinergic agent scopolamine has also shown promise as a rapid-acting antidepressant. This study applied genome-wide markers to investigate the role of genetic variants in predicting acute antidepressant response to both agents. Read More

Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2018 Dec 13. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Falk Center for Molecular Therapeutics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA.

Background: Modulation of glutamatergic synaptic transmission by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) can produce rapid and sustained antidepressant effects. Rapastinel (GLYX-13), initially described as a NMDAR partial glycine site agonist, exhibits rapid antidepressant effect in rodents without the accompanying dissociative effects of NMDAR antagonists.

Methods: The relationship between rapastinel's in vitro NMDAR pharmacology and antidepressant efficacy was determined by brain microdialysis and subsequent pharmacological characterization of therapeutic rapastinel concentrations in NMDAR-specific radioligand displacement, calcium mobilization, and mPFC electrophysiology assays. Read More

Ind Health 2019 Feb 7;57(1):79-83. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan.

This study used health insurance claims data to examine the relationship between the length of sick leave and treatment administered to employees who received middle- to long-term accident and sickness benefits for ≥91 d due to mood disorders, anxiety, and dissociative, stress-related, somatoform and other nonpsychotic mental disorders. Employees who received psychotherapy had significantly shorter leaves of absence over one year compared to those that did not. Treatment with psychotropic drugs was significantly higher among those on leave for ≤365 d than those on leave for ≥366 d. Read More

Prog Brain Res 2018 25;242:121-158. Epub 2018 Oct 25.

Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand Medical School, Johannesburg, South Africa.

Ibogaine is a plant-derived alkaloid and dissociative psychedelic that demonstrates anti-addictive properties with several substances of abuse, including alcohol. 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) is a naturally occurring psychedelic known to occasion potent mystical-type experiences and also demonstrates anti-addictive properties. The potential therapeutic effects of both compounds in treating alcohol use disorder require further investigation and there are no published human neuroimaging findings of either treatment to date. Read More

Eur J Psychotraumatol 2018 14;9(1):1544025. Epub 2018 Nov 14.

National Advisory Unit on Substance Use Disorder Treatment, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.

: The four-dimensional ('4-D') model has been proposed as a theoretical framework to understand and delineate trauma-related dissociative experiences, categorizing symptoms into trauma-related altered states of consciousness (TRASC) and normal waking consciousness (NWC), which occur along four dimensions: time, thought, body and emotion. : The main aim of the present study was to evaluate the validity of this model in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), with and without comorbid dissociative disorders. : The predictions of the 4-D model were tested in 142 patients with PTSD, with ( = 46) and without ( = 96) comorbid dissociative disorders. Read More

Aten Primaria 2018 Nov 16. Epub 2018 Nov 16.

Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Costa de Ponent, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol), Cornellà de Llobregat, Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain. Electronic address:

Objective: To study the relationship between maternal affective disorders (AD) before and during pregnancy, and pre-term birth.

Design: Retrospective observational study.

Location: Sexual and reproductive health units at the Institut Català de la Salut (ICS) in Catalonia, Spain. Read More

J Trauma Dissociation 2018 Nov 16:1-25. Epub 2018 Nov 16.

a Division of Depression and Anxiety Disorders , McLean Hospital , Belmont , MA , USA.

Failing to recognize one's mirror image can signal an abnormality in one's sense of self. In dissociative identity disorder (DID), individuals often report that their mirror image can feel unfamiliar or distorted. They also experience some of their own thoughts, emotions, and bodily sensations as if they are nonautobiographical and sometimes as if instead, they belong to someone else. Read More

West J Emerg Med 2018 Nov 10;19(6):952-960. Epub 2018 Sep 10.

Lewis Gale Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Salem, Virginia.

Introduction: Patients frequently present to the emergency department (ED) with migraine headaches. Although low-dose ketamine demonstrates analgesic efficacy for acute pain complaints in the ED, headaches have historically been excluded from these trials. This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of low-dose ketamine for treatment of acute migraine in the ED. Read More

Curr Psychiatry Rep 2018 Nov 7;20(12):118. Epub 2018 Nov 7.

Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.

Dissociative experiences have been associated with increased disease severity, chronicity, and, in some cases, reduced treatment response across trauma-related and other psychiatric disorders. A better understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms through which dissociative experiences occur may assist in identifying novel pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment approaches. Here, we review emerging work on the dissociative subtype of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and other trauma-related disorders providing evidence for two related overarching neurobiological models of dissociation, the defense cascade model of dissociation and Mobb's threat detection model. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018 10 31;15(11). Epub 2018 Oct 31.

Institute for Sex Research and Forensic Psychiatry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.

Organized and ritual child sexual abuse (ORA) is often rooted in the child's own family. Empirical evidence on possible associations between ORA and trauma-related symptoms in those who report this kind of extreme and prolonged violence is rare. The aim of our study was to explore socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of the individuals reporting ORA experiences, and to investigate protective as well as promotive factors in the link between ORA and trauma-related symptom severity. Read More

Psychol Trauma 2019 Jan 22;11(1):10-18. Epub 2018 Oct 22.

Department of Psychology.

Objective: There is a substantial body of research that indicates that professionals treating traumatized clients or patients may suffer from burnout, compassion fatigue, vicarious trauma, or secondary traumatic stress and that those who are most empathic are most vulnerable. However, there is limited research on the effects of participant trauma on trauma researchers. This is the focus of the current study. Read More

J Abnorm Psychol 2018 Nov 22;127(8):751-757. Epub 2018 Oct 22.

Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Groningen.

Individuals with dissociative identity disorder (DID) often report having no access to autobiographical experiences encoded by other identities. This research used the autobiographical Implicit Association Test (aIAT) to determine whether there was transfer of episodic self-referential memory events across amnesic identities. Nineteen DID individuals, 16 DID simulators, and 41 comparison participants (divided into amnesic and nonamnesic groups) engaged with an audio vignette of embarrassing scenarios to produce the experience of episodic self-referential events. Read More

Minerva Med 2018 Oct;109(5):363-368

IRVINE3 Labs, Chieti-Pescara University, Chieti, Italy.

Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated to recurrent, obsessive recollection of severe traumatic events. This condition is still not completely understood. Elective treatment of PTSD is psychotherapy. Read More

Acta Psychiatr Scand 2018 Dec 18;138(6):509-525. Epub 2018 Oct 18.

School of Health Sciences, Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.

Objective: Several studies have observed that dissociative experiences are frequently reported by individuals with severe mental illness (SMI), especially amongst patients that report a history of adverse/traumatic life experiences. This review examined the magnitude and consistency of the relationship between childhood adversity (sexual abuse, physical abuse, emotional abuse, neglect, bullying, natural disasters and mass violence) and dissociation across three SMI diagnostic groups: schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and personality disorders.

Method: A database search (EMBASE, PubMed and PsycINFO) identified 30 eligible empirical studies, comprising of 2199 clinical participants. Read More

Child Abuse Negl 2018 Dec 13;86:197-205. Epub 2018 Oct 13.

Centre for Clinical Psychology, University College London, UK.

Many individuals diagnosed with eating disorders describe their disorder as being represented by an internal 'voice'. In line with cognitive models of voice-hearing, previous research has identified associations between voice appraisals and eating psychopathology in anorexia nervosa. Whether these findings generalise to other eating disorder subtypes remains unknown. Read More

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2018 Oct 11. Epub 2018 Oct 11.

Department of Crime Prevention and Correction, Central Police University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China.

Purpose: In Taiwan, few studies explored the morbidity of mental disorders among prisoners. The purpose of this study is conducted to estimate the prevalence of mental disorders in Taiwanese prisoners.

Methods: Based on Nationwide population-based databank, 82,650 prisons were studied for mental disorders. Read More

Psychol Med 2018 Oct 11:1-11. Epub 2018 Oct 11.

Department of Neuroscience,Western University,London, ON,Canada.

Background: The field of psychiatry would benefit significantly from developing objective biomarkers that could facilitate the early identification of heterogeneous subtypes of illness. Critically, although machine learning pattern recognition methods have been applied recently to predict many psychiatric disorders, these techniques have not been utilized to predict subtypes of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), including the dissociative subtype of PTSD (PTSD + DS).

Methods: Using Multiclass Gaussian Process Classification within PRoNTo, we examined the classification accuracy of: (i) the mean amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (mALFF; reflecting spontaneous neural activity during rest); and (ii) seed-based amygdala complex functional connectivity within 181 participants [PTSD (n = 81); PTSD + DS (n = 49); and age-matched healthy trauma-unexposed controls (n = 51)]. Read More

Clin Med (Lond) 2018 Oct;18(5):414-417

Institute of Molecular and Clinical Sciences, St George's University of London, London, UK

Functional neurological disorders (FND) are common and associated with significant morbidity and healthcare costs. Patients with FND often present acutely, particularly with dissociative seizures (resembling epilepsy) or persistent weakness resembling a stroke. History and careful observation and examination are critical to diagnosis, as investigations will often be normal or non-contributory. Read More

Seizure 2018 Nov 28;62:59-65. Epub 2018 Sep 28.

Academic Neurology Unit, University of Sheffield, UK. Electronic address:

Purpose: This study is based on a narrative analysis of individuals' written accounts of living with epilepsy (n = 29) or psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (n = 20, PNES). Narrative analysis looks at both the content and structure of the personal account. We used a form of narrative analysis that allowed us to identify common story lines, otherwise known as narrative typologies, potentially characteristic of these patient groups. Read More

Psychiatr Danub 2018 Sep;30(Suppl 6):365-370

Department of Psychiatry, Clinical Hospital Mostar, K. M. Viševića Humskog 39, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina,

Connections between specific types of altered brain functioning and some mental disorders are still not fully clarified. However, there is a large number of evidence that indicates mental disorders are results of complex interactions of biological and environmental factors. When it comes to environmental factors, the main focus in the scientific literature has been particularly focused on early psychotraumatisation. Read More

Lakartidningen 2018 09 17;115. Epub 2018 Sep 17.

Region Gavleborg - Rehabiliteringsmedicinska kliniken, Sandvikens sjukhus Gavle, Sweden - Rehabiliteringsmedicinska kliniken Sandviken, Sweden.

Functional somatic symptoms are symptoms that cannot be attributed to any known, well-defined physical disease, but may be very disabling for the patient. Functional symptoms may arise from almost any part of the body and they are common in practically all areas of medicine. Arranging the care for these patients poses a substantial challenge for many professionals, with a great degree of distress for the patients and costs for the health care system. Read More

Cureus 2018 Jul 10;10(7):e2957. Epub 2018 Jul 10.

Neurology, Center for Mind & Brain, University of California, Davis, Fairfield, USA.

We discuss a strange case of dissociative identity disorder, also known as multiple personality disorder. This article describes the case of a 55-year-old Caucasian woman with a history of substance use disorder with seven personalities. The patient describes a couple of triggers for her condition. Read More

Conscious Cogn 2018 Oct 11;65:209-215. Epub 2018 Sep 11.

Department of Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Psychotic Disorders, GGZ Drenthe, Assen, The Netherlands.

Derealization, depersonalization and schizotypal experiences are described as separate concepts but they can be hard to distinguish. One way to show the uniqueness of these concepts is by showing a dissociation between these experiences. The aim of this study was to experimentally induce derealization without inducing depersonalization or schizotypal experiences. Read More

Eur J Neurol 2019 Feb 24;26(2):255-260. Epub 2018 Sep 24.

Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.

Background And Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of sleep disorders and measure the objective sleep quality in patients with seizure disorders.

Methods: Patients admitted for video electroencephalography monitoring were prospectively recruited and polysomnography was performed on the third night of monitoring.

Results: A total of 4/44 (9%) patients with epilepsy and 2/22 (9%) patients with dissociative seizures were found to have mild sleep-disordered breathing. Read More

Psychiatry Res 2018 11 18;269:229-236. Epub 2018 Aug 18.

Horizon Service, Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom.

The field of dissociation is receiving increasing attention, despite a lack of coherent conceptualisation of the construct. Advances in the field would be aided by a measure that reflects service user experiences of dissociative experiences and can be easily scored. The current study describes the development of a new measure of dissociation (Dissociative Experiences Measure, Oxford; DEMO) that aims to fulfil these criteria. Read More

Mymensingh Med J 2018 Jul;27(3):520-526

Dr Mohammad Shamsul Ahsan, Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Dissociative (conversion) disorder (DCR) has a long and controversial history. Some authors wish to classify it with somatoform disorders separate from dissociative disorders; many researchers keep it with DCR. Symptoms pattern also varies in different cultures. Read More

Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci 2018 Aug;16(3):262-266

Consultant Psychiatrist, Kolkata, India.

Objective: Unipolar and bipolar depression (UD and BD) differ strikingly in respect to neurobiology, course and management, but their apparent clinical similarity often leads to misdiagnosis resulting in chronicity of course and treatment failure. In this study we have tried to assess whether UD and BD can be differentiated on the basis of their dissociative symptoms.

Methods: Thrty-six UD patients and 35 BD patients in active episodes, without any psychiatric comorbidity were selected from outpatient department and compared for depressive and dissociative symptoms using Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and Dissociative Experience Scale-II (DES-II). Read More

Alzheimers Res Ther 2018 Aug 18;10(1):82. Epub 2018 Aug 18.

Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.

Background: Patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) show functional and structural connectivity alterations in the default mode network (DMN) while cerebrovascular disease (CeVD) shows functional and structural connectivity changes in the executive control network (ECN). Such disruptions are associated with memory and executive function impairment, respectively. Concurrent AD and CeVD pathology is associated with a higher rate of cognitive decline and differential neurodegenerative patterns. Read More

Turk J Med Sci 2018 Aug 16;48(4):851-855. Epub 2018 Aug 16.

Background/aim: We report the analysis of ketamine doses needed and the recovery times in pediatric oncology patients undergoing repeated radiotherapy sessions.

Materials And Methods: In a single-blind prospective study design, thirty-three pediatric patients undergoing radiotherapy due to oncologic disorders received 2 mg/kg ketamine and 10 μg/kg atropine intravenously and the rescue drug to be administered was ketamine at 0.5 mg/kg when the sedation level was inadequate. Read More

J Trauma Dissociation 2018 Aug 10:1-15. Epub 2018 Aug 10.

Mindfulness based psychotherapeutic interventions have shown to be an effective intervention for quite some time now. These intervention, however, have not been that successful with individuals who experience dissociative disorders. There is a very clear disconnect between these two fields. Read More

Hum Brain Mapp 2018 Nov 9;39(11):4228-4240. Epub 2018 Aug 9.

Department of Neuroscience, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.

Key evidence points toward alterations in the neurocircuitry of large-scale networks among patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The pulvinar is a thalamic region displaying reciprocal connectivity with the cortex and has been shown to modulate alpha synchrony to facilitate network communication. During rest, the pulvinar displays functional connectivity with the posterior parietal cortex (PPC), a heteromodal network of brain areas underlying multisensory integration and socioaffective functions that are shown at deficit in PTSD. Read More

J Trauma Dissociation 2018 Jul 30:1-14. Epub 2018 Jul 30.

c School of Medicine , Universidade Federal de Goiás , Goiânia , Goiás , Brazil.

Background: It is important to understand the most diverse cultural aspects related to religiosity. Scientifically, it is important to understand religious manifestations and their relation to health, and to differentiate them from psychopathological manifestations.

Objective: To evaluate the mental health of a group of mediums and compare it with that of a control group from the same religious context who do not manifest mediumship, using the Dissociative Disorders Interview Schedule (DDIS). Read More