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Int J Surg Case Rep 2022 Jun 20;96:107328. Epub 2022 Jun 20.

Department of General Surgery, Jendouba Hospital, Tunisia; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia.

Introduction And Importance: Hiatal hernia (HH) contents commonly include stomach, transverse colon, small intestine, and spleen but herniation of the pancreas is an extremely rare phenomenon, even rarer when HH is associated with acute pancreatitis.

Case Presentation: A 56-year-old female with hypertension and gastroesophageal reflux disease presented with abdominal pain, vomiting and chest discomfort evolving for 24 h. Physical examination revealed left-upper quadrant tenderness without guarding. Read More

Cells 2022 Jun 10;11(12). Epub 2022 Jun 10.

Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.

Immune cells can mount desirable anti-cancer immunity. However, some immune cells can support cancer disease progression. The presence of cancer can lead to production of immature myeloid cells from the bone marrow known as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Read More

J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2022 May-Jun;27(3):293-296. Epub 2022 May 12.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India.

Aim: The aim is to study the complications of neonatal thoracotomy and its preventive measures.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 53 neonates who underwent thoracotomy from January 2017 to December 2019 for a period of 3 years. Patient demographic data, primary disease for which they underwent thoracotomy, postoperative complications (immediate and delayed) during follow-up were documented. Read More

Eur J Transl Myol 2022 Jun 21. Epub 2022 Jun 21.

Neurophysiology Department, La Princesa University Hospital, Madrid.

Among patients affected by the virus COVID-19, physicians have observed ventilation disorders. It is relevant to assess neurological involvement, including the role of diaphragmatic function. Its possible impairment could be related to the systemic inflammatory response and disease progression that both typify COVID-19 infection. Read More

Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2022 Jun 18:e13850. Epub 2022 Jun 18.

National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.

Selective glomerular filtration relies on the membrane separating the glomerular arterioles from the Bowman space. As a major component of the glomerular filtration barrier, podocytes form foot processes by the actin cytoskeleton, which dynamically adjusts in response to environmental changes to maintain filtration barrier integrity. The slit diaphragms bridge the filtration slits between neighboring foot processes and act as signaling hubs interacting with the actin cytoskeleton. Read More

Front Oncol 2022 27;12:888925. Epub 2022 May 27.

Lymphoma/Myeloma Program, Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.

Among patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) involving the same side of the diaphragm, the prognostic implications of extranodal disease or its contiguity with the nodal lesion remain unclear. In this study, patients with DLBCL treated with R-CHOP whose disease was limited to the same side of the diaphragm were included. Survival was assessed by the presence, contiguity, and number of extranodal lesions. Read More

BMC Pediatr 2022 Jun 16;22(1):349. Epub 2022 Jun 16.

Department of Pediatrics, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital of Guangdong Medical University (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Foshan, Guangdong Province, China.

Background: Isolated steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (ISRNS) is caused by mutations in the Wilms' tumor-1 (WT1) gene, which encodes glomerular podocytes and podocyte slit diaphragm.We report a novel 8-year-old female patient with ISRNS carrying a de novo missense mutation in WT1 gene and presenting a new type of pathology, have never been reported.We also systematically review previous reports of ISRNS in Chinese children. Read More

J Nephrol 2022 Jun 15. Epub 2022 Jun 15.

Division of Nephrology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.

Podocytes are terminally differentiated epithelial cells of the renal glomerular tuft and these highly specialized cells are essential for the integrity of the slit diaphragm. The biological function of podocytes is primarily based on a complex ramified structure that requires sufficient nutrients and a large supply of energy in support of their unique structure and function in the glomeruli. Of note, the dysregulation of nutrient signaling and energy metabolic pathways in podocytes has been associated with a range of kidney diseases i. Read More

Surg Case Rep 2022 Jun 14;8(1):112. Epub 2022 Jun 14.

Department of Pathology, Saitama Cooperative Hospital, 1317 Kizoro, Kawaguchi-shi, Saitama, Japan.

Background: Falciform ligament abscess (FLA) is a rare disease, and its diagnosis can be challenging without typical image findings of an abscess. We report a patient with FLA that presented as a mass, with an indistinct border between it and the liver, in addition to disseminated foci within the liver. This made it difficult to determine whether it was FLA or a malignancy. Read More

Intensive Care Med 2022 Jun 12. Epub 2022 Jun 12.

Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.

Treatment of respiratory failure has improved dramatically since the polio epidemic in the 1950s with the use of invasive techniques for respiratory support: mechanical ventilation and extracorporeal respiratory support. However, respiratory support is only a supportive therapy, designed to "buy time" while the disease causing respiratory failure abates. It ensures viable gas exchange and prevents cardiorespiratory collapse in the context of excessive loads. Read More

Am J Prev Med 2022 Jun 7. Epub 2022 Jun 7.

Division of Adolescent and School Health, National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.

Introduction: Access to effective contraception prevents unintended pregnancies among sexually active female youth. Potentially impacted by the Affordable Care Act's Medicaid-related policies, contraception use increased among sexually active high-school students from 2013 to 2019.

Methods: Analyses conducted in 2021 assessed state-level Youth Risk Behavior Survey data among female students in grades 9-12 who reported being sexually active. Read More

Am J Surg Pathol 2022 Jun 13. Epub 2022 Jun 13.

Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.

Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is the most common sarcoma in adults. Rarely, LMS dedifferentiates into an undifferentiated sarcoma. Very few cases of LMS with heterologous osteosarcomatous differentiation (OS) have been reported. Read More

Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J 2022 May 26;22(2):300-303. Epub 2022 May 26.

Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, India.

Hydatidosis is a common zoonotic disease with a high prevalence in developing countries. While a solitary cyst with unilateral lung involvement is common, bilateral involvement and multiple cysts are rare, only seen in 20% and 30% of the cases, respectively. Likewise, extensive involvement of extrapulmonary tissues and mediastinum is rare. Read More

J Cardiothorac Surg 2022 Jun 7;17(1):145. Epub 2022 Jun 7.

General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 29, 8036, Graz, Austria.

Background: The incidence of diaphragmatic rupture is low; however, it may be life threatening. Normally caused by blunt trauma, some cases are reported after pulmonary infections with extensive coughing. Covid 19 causes pulmonary infections and pneumonia and has been associated with weakening of the diaphragm after prolonged ventilation. Read More

Respirology 2022 Jun 7. Epub 2022 Jun 7.

Department of Pulmonary Physiology & Sleep Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.

Background And Objective: The pathophysiology of breathlessness in pleural effusion is unclear. In the PLEASE-1 study, abnormal ipsilateral hemidiaphragm shape and movement, assessed qualitatively, were independently associated with breathlessness relief after pleural drainage. Effects of pleural effusion on contralateral hemidiaphragm function are unknown. Read More

Adv Clin Chem 2022 10;108:1-36. Epub 2021 Sep 10.

University Clinic of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, North Macedonia.

The discovery of nephrin in 1998 has launched a new era in glomerular diseases research, emphasizing its crucial role in the structure and function of the glomerular filtration barrier. In the past 20 years, substantial advances have been made in understanding podocyte structure and function as well as the discovery of several podocyte-related proteins including nephrin. The glomerular filtration barrier is comprised of podocytes, the glomerular basement membrane and endothelial cells. Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2022 May 4;94:107164. Epub 2022 May 4.

Esophageal Institute, Department of Surgery, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Surgery, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.

Introduction And Importance: Morgagni hernia is an uncommon type of diaphragmatic hernia and commonly presents as a congenital disease. Acquired Morgagni hernias following open cardiac surgery are exceedingly rare and only reported in the pediatric population.

Case Presentation: The patient is a 70-year-old female who presented with complaints of shortness of breath and cough one year following a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). Read More

Dis Markers 2022 18;2022:2334335. Epub 2022 May 18.

Department of Medical Imaging, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou Teaching Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Cangzhou, Hebei Province 061001, China.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of different delivery modes on pelvic floor function in parturients 6-8 weeks after delivery using transperineal four-dimensional ultrasound.

Methods: Pelvic floor function 6-8 weeks after delivery in 40 vaginal delivery parturients between November 2018 and December 2020 was assessed by four-dimensional ultrasound, with 40 selective cesarean section delivery parturients as a control group. The imaging results of the two groups were compared. Read More

Children (Basel) 2022 Apr 24;9(5). Epub 2022 Apr 24.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany.

The aim of this paper is to assess the effectiveness and perioperative complications of splenic surgeries in children. In 41 splenectomies, an anterior abdominal laparoscopic approach was used, with 35 including a partial laparoscopic splenectomy. Of these, three needed a conversion to open. Read More

Biomedicines 2022 May 17;10(5). Epub 2022 May 17.

Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy is an X-linked disease afflicting 1 in 3500 males that is characterized by muscle weakness and wasting during early childhood, and loss of ambulation and death by early adulthood. Chronic inflammation due to myofiber instability leads to fibrosis, which is a primary cause of loss of ambulation and cardiorespiratory insufficiency. Current standard of care focuses on reducing inflammation with corticosteroids, which have serious adverse effects. Read More

Toxics 2022 May 18;10(5). Epub 2022 May 18.

Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.

Cigarette smoke (CS) is the major risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and can induce systemic manifestations, such as skeletal muscle derangement. However, inconsistent findings of muscle derangement were reported in previous studies. The aim of the present study was to consolidate the available evidence and assess the impact of CS on muscle derangement in rodents. Read More

J Appl Physiol (1985) 2022 May 19. Epub 2022 May 19.

Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.

Spasticity is a common symptom in many developmental motor disorders, including spastic cerebral palsy (sCP). In sCP, respiratory dysfunction is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality, yet it is unknown how spasticity influences respiratory physiology or diaphragm muscle (DIAm) function. To investigate the influence of spasticity on DIAm function, we assessed in vivo transdiaphragmatic pressure (Pdi - measured using intra-esophageal and intragastric pressure catheters under conditions of eupnea, hypoxia/hypercapnia and occlusion) including maximum Pdi (Pdi via bilateral phrenic nerve stimulation), ex vivo DIAm specific force and fatigue (using muscle strips stimulated with platinum plate electrodes) and type-specific characteristics of DIAm fiber cross-sections (using immunoreactivity against myosin heavy chain slow and 2A) in spa and wildtype mice. Read More

Sex Transm Dis 2022 Jun 9;49(6):443-447. Epub 2022 Mar 9.

Rietmeijer Consulting, Denver, CO.

Background: Women who attend sexual health clinics are at high risk for sexually transmitted infections and unintended pregnancy. Long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARC) are very effective contraceptive methods, but the provision of LARC in such clinics is not well described in the literature.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of women who presented to Denver Sexual Health Clinic for any reason and received family planning services between April 1, 2016, and October 31, 2018. Read More

Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022 May 19. Epub 2022 May 19.

Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is a lethal disease caused by mutations in dystrophin encoding gene, causing progressive degeneration of cardiac, respiratory, and skeletal muscles leading to premature death due to cardiac and respiratory failure. Currently, there is no cure for DMD. Therefore, novel therapeutic approaches are needed for DMD patients. Read More

Front Physiol 2022 2;13:872277. Epub 2022 May 2.

Department of Sports Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affects the whole body and causes many extrapulmonary adverse effects, amongst which diaphragm dysfunction is one of the prominent manifestations. Diaphragm dysfunction in patients with COPD is manifested as structural changes, such as diaphragm atrophy, single-fibre dysfunction, sarcomere injury and fibre type transformation, and functional changes such as muscle strength decline, endurance change, diaphragm fatigue, decreased diaphragm mobility, etc. Diaphragm dysfunction directly affects the respiratory efficiency of patients and is one of the important pathological mechanisms leading to progressive exacerbation of COPD and respiratory failure, which is closely related to disease mortality. Read More

Muscle Nerve 2022 May 18. Epub 2022 May 18.

Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Introduction/aims: Diaphragm ultrasound is increasingly used in the diagnosis of diaphragm dysfunction and to guide respiratory management in patients with neuromuscular disorders and those who are critically ill. However, the association between diaphragm ultrasound variables and demographic factors like age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) are understudied. Such relationships are important for correct interpretation of normative values and comparison with selected patients groups. Read More

BMC Med Imaging 2022 May 16;22(1):90. Epub 2022 May 16.

Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Str. 6, 97080, Würzburg, Germany.

Background: Endovascular revascularization has become the first-line treatment of chronic mesenteric ischemia (CMI). The qualitative visual analysis of digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is dependent on observer experience and prone to interpretation errors. We evaluate the feasibility of 2D-Perfusion Angiography (2D-PA) for objective, quantitative treatment response assessment in CMI. Read More

Front Oncol 2022 27;12:873524. Epub 2022 Apr 27.

Academic Radiology, Department of Translational Research, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.

Purpose: The aims of this study were to evaluate the reproducibility of a new multi-parametric steatoscore (new SteatoScore) in oncologic patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and to compare it with computed tomography (CT).

Materials And Methods: Fifty-one (31 men, 20 women) oncologic patients, with a mean age and weight of 63.9 years and 78. Read More

Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2022 5;17:1041-1050. Epub 2022 May 5.

Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Medical University Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria.

Introduction: Diaphragmatic dysfunction is common in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study aimed to assess the prognostic significance of impaired diaphragmatic movement at rest and after exercise.

Methods: This was a prospective study of patients with stable COPD. Read More

ANZ J Surg 2022 May 9. Epub 2022 May 9.

Division of Surgical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.

Background: The prevalence of elderly patients with resectable colorectal peritoneal metastases (CRPM) is increasing. This study aimed to compare short and long-term outcomes of cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) for CRPM in patients above and below 70 years of age.

Methods: This was a retrospective, 10-year analysis of 90-day major morbidity and mortality, and long-term survival. Read More