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PLoS One 2019 24;14(4):e0214288. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

Service de Physiologie-Explorations fonctionnelles, CHU Raymond Poincaré, APHP, Université de Versailles saint Quentin en Yvelines, Garches, France.

Background: In patients with neuromuscular disorders, assessment of respiratory function relies on forced vital capacity (FVC) measurements. Providing complementary respiratory outcomes may be useful for clinical trials. Diaphragm sniff ultrasound (US) is a noninvasive technique that can assess diaphragm function that may be affected in patients with neuromuscular disorders. Read More

Eur Respir J 2019 Apr 18. Epub 2019 Apr 18.

Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Rationale: Non-invasive quantification of the severity of pharyngeal airflow obstruction would enable recognition of obstructive central manifestation of sleep apnoea, and identification of symptomatic individuals with severe airflow obstruction despite a low apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI).

Objectives: Here we provide a novel method that uses simple airflow--time ("shape") features from individual breaths on an overnight sleep study to automatically and non-invasively quantify the of airflow obstruction without oesophageal catheterisation.

Methods: 41 individuals with suspected/diagnosed obstructive sleep apnoea (AHI range=0-91 events·hr) underwent overnight polysomnography with gold-standard measures of airflow (oronasal pneumotach, ) and ventilatory drive (calibrated intraoesophageal diaphragm EMG, ). Read More

J Appl Physiol (1985) 2019 Apr 18. Epub 2019 Apr 18.

Pulmonology Department-Muscle and Respiratory System Research Unit (URMAR), CEXS, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, UPF, CIBERES, Spain.

Respiratory muscle dysfunction is common in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Chronic contractile activity induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and unfolded protein response UPR in animals (animals and humans). We hypothesized that the respiratory muscle dysfunction associated with COPD may upregulate ER stress and UPR expression in diaphragm of stable patients with different degrees of airway obstruction and normal body composition. Read More

Crit Care 2019 Apr 16;23(1):123. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Meakins-Christie Laboratories and Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, McGill University Health Centre and Research Institute, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada.

Background: Diaphragm weakness occurs rapidly in adult animals treated with mechanical ventilation (MV), but the effects of MV on the neonatal diaphragm have not been determined. Furthermore, it is unknown whether co-existent lung disease exacerbates ventilator-induced diaphragmatic dysfunction (VIDD). We investigated the impact of MV (mean duration = 7. Read More

Neonatology 2019 Apr 12;116(1):58-66. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China,

Background: Nephrin is a key component of the slit diaphragm of the glomerular podocyte, and increased urinary nephrin level may reflect glomerular injury.

Objectives: To determine whether urinary nephrin is a useful biomarker of glomerular maturation and injury and whether it is associated with acute kidney injury (AKI) and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) mortality in critically ill neonates.

Methods: Urinary samples were serially collected in 234 neonates during NICU stay for measurements of nephrin, cystatin C (CysC), and albumin. Read More

J Am Soc Nephrol 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Institutes of Cellular and Integrative Physiology and

Background: About 3%-5% of adults with membranous nephropathy have autoantibodies directed against thrombospondin type 1 domain-containing 7A (THSD7A), a podocyte-expressed transmembrane protein. However, the temporal and spatial expression of THSD7A and its biologic function for podocytes are unknown, information that is needed to understand the effects of THSD7A autoantibodies in this disease.

Methods: Using a variety of microscopic techniques, we analyzed THSD7A localization in postnatal, adult, and autoantibody-injected mice as well as in human podocytes. Read More

Monaldi Arch Chest Dis 2019 Apr 5;89(1). Epub 2019 Apr 5.

Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Monaldi Hospital, Naples.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide and majority of patients are diagnosed in advanced/metastatic disease stage. Sites of distant metastases mainly include contralateral lung, lymph nodes, brain, bones, adrenal glands and liver; skeletal muscles metastases (SMMs) are less common. Psoas muscle and diaphragm metastases are mainly found during autopsy, as their involvement commonly is asymptomatic. Read More

Radiol Med 2019 Apr 8. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

Department of Radiation Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Careggi, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla, 3, 50134, Florence, Italy.

Purpose: To assess the outcome of malignant pleural mesothelioma patients treated with extra-pleural pneumonectomy (EPP) and adjuvant radiotherapy (RT), using the most advanced radiotherapeutic techniques, namely image-guided intensity-modulated RT (IG-IMRT).

Methods And Materials: Fifty-four patients were analyzed. Minimum radiation dose was 50 Gy (2 Gy/fr). Read More

Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2019 Apr 2;63:142-144. Epub 2019 Feb 2.

Veterinary Specialized Institute "Pančevo", Department of Animal Health, 26000, Pančevo, Serbia.

Alaria alata (Diplostomidae, Trematoda), a potentially zoonotic pathogen, is the only Alaria species in Europe. In recent years, increasing reports of mesocercariae of A. alata in wild boars have been recorded in European countries; however there have been no described cases in domestic pigs over the past decades. Read More

Ann Thorac Surg 2019 Apr 5. Epub 2019 Apr 5.

Cardiology; University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine.

Background: Single ventricle (SV) patients may often undergo aortic reconstruction which creates a stiff large vessel, increasing afterload and affecting exercise performance. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship of pulse wave velocity (PWV) and distensibility in reconstructed and normal aortic arches after Fontan with exercise parameters.

Methods: PWV and distensibility of the descending aorta at the level of the diaphragm (DAo) were calculated with real-time exercise cardiac magnetic resonance in 48 SV patients after Fontan (18 after aortic reconstruction; 30 without aortic reconstruction) and compared with metabolic exercise stress test parameters. Read More

Cell Tissue Res 2019 Apr 5. Epub 2019 Apr 5.

Departamento de Imunobiologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, 24020-141, Brazil.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a lethal X-linked muscle wasting disease due to mutations of the dystrophin gene leading to distinct susceptibility to degeneration and fibrosis among skeletal muscles. This study aims at verifying whether intense mdx diaphragm remodeling could be attributed to influences from the omentum, a lymphohematopoietic tissue rich in progenitor cells and trophic factors. Mdx omentum produces growth factors HGF and FGF and increased amounts of VEGF with pleiotropic actions upon muscular progenitors and myoblast differentiation. Read More

J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2019 Apr 2. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, 344 Norman Bethune College, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Background: Muscle wasting and weakness in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) causes severe locomotor limitations and early death due in part to respiratory muscle failure. Given that current clinical practice focuses on treating secondary complications in this genetic disease, there is a clear need to identify additional contributions in the aetiology of this myopathy for knowledge-guided therapy development. Here, we address the unresolved question of whether the complex impairments observed in DMD are linked to elevated mitochondrial H O emission in conjunction with impaired oxidative phosphorylation. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Mar 31;12(3). Epub 2019 Mar 31.

Department of Internal Medicine, Ashikaga Red Cross Hospital, Ashikaga, Tochigi, Japan.

A 70-year-old woman with end-stage renal disease caused by a polycystic kidney disease developed massive right-sided pleural effusion 10 days after the initiation of peritoneal dialysis (PD). Although pleuroperitoneal communication (PPC) was suspected, computed tomographic peritoneography on usual breath holding did not show leakage. Therefore, we instructed her to strain with maximal breathing, which caused a jet of contrast material to stream from the peritoneal cavity into the right pleural cavity and allowed the identification of the exact site of the diaphragm defect. Read More

J Pediatr Surg 2019 Mar 19. Epub 2019 Mar 19.

Department of Pediatric, Children Hospital, Rabat, Morocco; Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco.

Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the role of surgical management of ruptured hydatid cysts into the pleural cavity in children. A review of the management of patients with intrapleural rupture of pulmonary hydatid cysts in children at our center was performed.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on all children who developed intrapleural rupture of a hydatid cyst in the lung. Read More

Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2019 Jan 22;15:100266. Epub 2019 Jan 22.

Division of Animal Health, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, P.O. Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh 281122, India.

Coenurus cerebralis is the larval stage of Taenia multiceps, which infects the muscles and brain of goats and, to a lesser extent, sheep. The resulting cerebral and non-cerebral infections caused by the larval form (metacestode) of this cestode are commonly known as coenurosis. A weak emaciated carcass of five months old female goat, on necropsy, revealed numerous parasitic cysts (n = 56, grossly visible) in the visceral cavity including heart, diaphragm, thoracic cavity, abdominal cavity and pelvic inlet. Read More

Radiol Clin North Am 2019 May 14;57(3):601-616. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USA.

Pelvic ultrasound with endovaginal ultrasound is often the imaging test of choice in the initial evaluation of nonpregnant women with pelvic pain. This article considers the sonographic observations and techniques useful in diagnosis of a variety of gynecologic causes of pelvic pain in these women, including ovarian hemorrhage, ovarian torsion, pelvic inflammatory disease, endometriosis (particularly deeply infiltrating endometriosis), endometriomas, adenomyosis, pelvic congestion syndrome, and malpositioned intrauterine contraceptive devices. Sonographic observations regarding a number of non-gynecologic causes of pelvic pain are also described. Read More

Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 2019 Apr 12;8:234-239. Epub 2019 Mar 12.

College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, PR China.

Marsupials are highly susceptible to infection. Here, we report infection in four kangaroos from a zoo in China. Kangaroos were imported into China in 2000 and were since bred in zoo. Read More

Heart 2019 Mar 28. Epub 2019 Mar 28.

Adult Congenital Heart Centre and National Centre for Pulmonary Hypertension, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK.

Objective: To examine the contemporary long-term outcome after coarctation repair.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of 834 patients aged ≥16 years who underwent coarctation repair under single-centre follow-up. Repair was performed at a median age of 3 years (lower-upper quartile: 1 month to 15 years) by surgery in 83% (690/834) and angioplasty/stenting in 17% (144/834). Read More

World J Gastrointest Oncol 2019 Mar;11(3):227-237

Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, South Korea.

Background: It is usually difficult to adequately conduct percutaneous ultrasound-guided radiofrequency (RF) ablation for hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) abutting the diaphragm. Our hypothesis was that the subphrenic location of HCC could have an effect on the long-term therapeutic outcomes after hepatic resection and RF ablation.

Aim: To compare the long-term therapeutic outcomes of hepatic resection and percutaneous RF ablation for HCCs abutting the diaphragm. Read More

Braz J Cardiovasc Surg 2019 Mar-Apr;34(2):229-232

Clinic for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.

Advanced renal cell carcinoma accompanied by tumor thrombus in the venous system is present in up to 10% of cases. Extension of tumor thrombus above the diaphragm or into the right atrium represents level IV disease. Level IV tumors are typically treated with sterno-laparotomy approach with or without deep hypothermic circulatory arrest and veno-venous bypass. Read More

Tanaffos 2018 Mar;17(3):177-182

Lung Disease Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

Background: Thymoma is the most common tumor of the anterior mediastinum that has the most effective treatment, as it can be completely resected. In patients with advanced stage, phrenic nerve involvement can be seen and suggested treatment for these patients is unilateral phrenic excision and diaphragm plication. However in patients with myasthenia gravis, there are concerns in relation to this method of treatment. Read More

Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet 2019 Mar 25. Epub 2019 Mar 25.

Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil.

Pentalogy of Cantrell (PC) is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by changes in the mesodermal median structures and congenital heart disease, often with a poor prognosis. In 1958, Cantrell et al2 defined the full spectrum of the syndrome with the following anomalies: defects of the anterior diaphragm, of the lower part of the sternum, of the supraumbilical region and the abdominal wall, of the diaphragmatic pericardium, and various intracardiac congenital abnormalities. The present report describes a case of ectopia cordis associated with PC and the importance of the participation of a multidisciplinary team in the treatment of this condition. Read More

Chest 2019 Mar 23. Epub 2019 Mar 23.

CHU de Poitiers, Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Poitiers, France; INSERM CIC 1402 ALIVE, Université de Poitiers, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Poitiers, France.

Background: Diaphragmatic dysfunction may promote weaning difficulties in patients who are mechanically ventilated.

Objective: The goal of this study was to assess whether diaphragm dysfunction detected by ultrasound prior to extubation could predict extubation failure in the ICU.

Methods: This multicenter prospective study included patients at high risk of reintubation: those aged > 65 years, with underlying cardiac or respiratory disease, or intubated > 7 days. Read More

J Thorac Dis 2019 Feb;11(Suppl 2):S177-S185

Unit of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.

Chronic diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is an uncommon disease which may be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Antecedent (even many months or years before CDH development) blunt or penetrating thoracic/thoraco-abdominal trauma is generally recognized. A wide spectrum of different mechanisms of injury, timing in presentation, size of the diaphragmatic defect, types and amount of abdominal viscera herniated into the chest cavity, clinical symptoms are observed in CDHs. Read More

J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod 2019 Mar 18. Epub 2019 Mar 18.

Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, 2 rue des Rochambelles, CHU de Caen Normandie, INSERM U1086 BioTICLA, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Avenue Côte de Nacre, 14000 Caen, France.

A 35 year old woman with chronic pelvic endometriosis suffered from right scapular pain. MRI imaging showed a right diaphragmatic rupture with liver herniation. Surgical procedure was performed by thoracotomy. Read More

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2019 Mar 5. Epub 2019 Mar 5.

Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Deglutology, KU Leuven, Belgium.

Objectives: To characterize esophageal motility and esophago-gastric junction (EGJ) function in infants who underwent repair of an isolated congenital diaphragmatic hernia (iCDH).

Methods: High Resolution Manometry with impedance was used to investigate esophageal motility and EGJ function after diaphragmatic repair in 12 infants with iCDH (11 left-sided; 9 patch repair). They had esophageal motility studies during neonatal admission (n = 12), at 6 months (n = 10) and at 12 months of life (n = 7). Read More

Crit Care Med 2019 Mar 15. Epub 2019 Mar 15.

Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital Mater Domini, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy.

Objectives: Assessing gas exchange, diaphragm function, respiratory rate, and patient comfort during high-flow oxygen therapy and standard oxygen at the time of noninvasive ventilation discontinuation.

Design: Randomized crossover physiologic study.

Setting: Two ICUs. Read More

Parasitol Res 2019 May 15;118(5):1667-1671. Epub 2019 Mar 15.

Department of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăștur nr. 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.

Neospora caninum is a heteroxenous parasitic Apicomplexan protozoan, able to infect a variety of domestic and wild animals, mainly associated with reproductive disorders and abortions in susceptible species. Considering the importance of Romania in the European buffalo industry and the severe economic losses caused by N. caninum infection in livestock, the aim of the present study was to assess the occurrence of neosporosis in buffaloes raised in household and farming systems in northwestern Romania. Read More

Front Physiol 2019 28;10:167. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Podocytes, dynamic polarized cells wrapped around glomerular capillaries, are an essential component of the glomerular filtration barrier. BK channels consist of one of the slit diaphragm (SD) proteins in podocytes, interact with the actin cytoskeleton, and play vital roles in glomerular filtration. Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) complexes regulate expression of SD proteins, as well as cytoskeleton structure, in podocytes. Read More

Front Cell Neurosci 2019 27;13:49. Epub 2019 Feb 27.

Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany.

Neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) mediate skeletal muscle contractions and play an important role in several neuromuscular disorders when their morphology and function are compromised. However, due to their small size and sparse distribution throughout the comparatively large, inherently opaque muscle tissue the analysis of NMJ morphology has been limited to teased fiber preparations, longitudinal muscle sections, and flat muscles. Consequently, whole mount analyses of NMJ morphology, numbers, their distribution, and assignment to a given muscle fiber have also been impossible to determine in muscle types that are frequently used in experimental paradigms. Read More

Minerva Anestesiol 2019 Mar 12. Epub 2019 Mar 12.

Istituto di Anestesiologia e Rianimazione, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.

The role of spontaneous breathing among patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure and ARDS is debated: while avoidance of intubation with noninvasive ventilation (NIV) or high-flow nasal cannula improves clinical outcome, treatment failure worsens mortality. Recent data suggest patient self-inflicted lung injury (P-SILI) as a possible mechanism aggravating lung damage in these patients. P-SILI is generated by intense inspiratory effort yielding: (A) swings in transpulmonary pressure (i. Read More

Pediatr Pulmonol 2019 Mar 11. Epub 2019 Mar 11.

Department of Paediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

Objective: We sought to evaluate physiological cardiorespiratory implications of high pressures (>8 cmH O) on continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in preterm neonates.

Methods: Fifteen preterm neonates at postmenstrual age ≥32 weeks on CPAP 5 cmH O were enrolled. Pressures were increased by 2 cmH O increments until 13 cmH O. Read More

Cell Signal 2019 Mar 9;59:13-23. Epub 2019 Mar 9.

Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, China. Electronic address:

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a complication associated with diabetes and is a major public health problem in modern society. Podocyte injury is the central target of the development of DKD, and the loss or dysregulation of nephrin, a key structural and signalling molecule located in the podocyte slit diaphragm (SD), initiates potentially catastrophic downstream events within podocytes. IQGAP1, a scaffold protein containing multiple protein-binding domains that regulates endocytosis, can interact with nephrin in podocytes. Read More

Hell J Nucl Med 2019 Jan-Apr;22(1):6-9. Epub 2019 Mar 7.

Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT, Evangelismos General Hospital, Ypsilantou 45-47, PC 106 76, Athens, Greece.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common solid cancer affecting men worldwide. Serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is at present the most commonly used biomarker for PCa screening, as well as a reliable marker of disease recurrence after initial treatment. Bone metastases (BM) are present in advanced stages of the disease. Read More

Korean J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2019 Feb 5;52(1):47-50. Epub 2019 Feb 5.

Department of Thoracic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine.

Thoracic splenosis is a rare disease that develops as a result of autotransplantation of splenic tissue into the thoracic cavity following splenic and diaphragmatic injury. We report the case of a 53-year-old man with a chief complaint of heartburn and cough. He had a history of traumatic diaphragmatic rupture treated with surgical repair and splenectomy 15 years ago. Read More

Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 2019 Apr;32(2):213-226

Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

Purpose Of Review: Hemorrhage is the major cause of early death in severely injured patients. In civilian emergency medical services, the majority of life-threatening bleedings are found in noncompressible body regions (e.g. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019 02 22;16(4). Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation of National Population and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Institute of Reproductive Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 210035, China.

: This study was designed to assess the prevalence of reproductive tract infections (RTIs) among an internal-migrant population of reproductive age in China. We also analyzed the knowledge, attitude, and practices related to these infections. : A cross-sectional study using the quota-sampling method was conducted in three cities from March 2016 to February 2017. Read More

Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2019 Feb 26. Epub 2019 Feb 26.

Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Aims: Accurate assessment of aortic dimensions can be achieved using contrast-enhanced computed tomography. The aim of this study was to define normal values and determinants of aortic dimensions throughout multiple key anatomical landmarks of the aorta in healthy individuals from the Copenhagen General Population Study.

Methods And Results: The study group consisted of 902 healthy subjects selected from 3000 adults undergoing cardiovascular thoracic and abdominal computed tomography-angiography (CTA), where systematic measurements of aortic dimensions were performed retrospectively. Read More

BMC Nephrol 2019 Feb 26;20(1):70. Epub 2019 Feb 26.

Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy.

Background: Alport syndrome is a clinically heterogeneous nephropathy characterized by severe symptomatology at kidney level due to ultrastructural lesions of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) as consequence of mutations in COL4 genes. The disease has been linked to COL4A3/COL4A4/COL4A5 mutations, which impair GBM functionality and can be inherited in a dominant, recessive or X-linked transmission. Although a targeted Next Generation Sequencing approach has allowed identifying families with pathogenic mutations in more than one COL4 α3-α4-α5 heterotrimer encoding genes, leading to conclude for a digenic pattern of inheritance, the role of non-collagen genes in digenic Alport syndrome has not yet been established. Read More

J Crit Care 2019 Feb 18;51:133-138. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

Division of Respiratory Disease and Tuberculosis, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Purpose: Rapid shallow breathing index (RSBI) is a commonly used index for predicting the outcome of spontaneous breathing trial (SBT). Ultrasound is a non-invasive technique for assessing diaphragm activity and function. This study aimed to investigate changes in diaphragm activity during SBT, and to compare diaphragm function between patients with and without SBT success. Read More

JFMS Open Rep 2019 Jan-Jun;5(1):2055116919830206. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.

Case Summary: A 13-year-old spayed female domestic shorthair cat presented with pleural effusion and suspected triaditis. Intake vitals and leukocytosis were consistent with a diagnosis of systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Biochemical analysis confirmed a pleural fluid-to-serum bile ratio consistent with a diagnosis of biliothorax. Read More

Intensive Care Med 2019 Apr 21;45(4):488-500. Epub 2019 Feb 21.

Critical Care Department, Hospital del Mar, Passeig Marítim 25-29, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.

Purpose: Ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction or damage (VIDD) is highly prevalent in patients under mechanical ventilation (MV), but its analysis is limited by the difficulty of obtaining histological samples. In this study we compared diaphragm histological characteristics in Maastricht III (MSIII) and brain-dead (BD) organ donors and in control subjects undergoing thoracic surgery (CTL) after a period of either controlled or spontaneous MV (CMV or SMV).

Methods: In this prospective study, biopsies were obtained from diaphragm and quadriceps. Read More

Eur J Radiol 2019 Mar 4;112:28-36. Epub 2019 Jan 4.

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, 3-1-24 Matsuyama, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8522, Japan.

Objective: To assess the diaphragmatic motion in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients during forced breathing by time-resolved quantitative analysis using dynamic chest radiography and to demonstrate the characteristics and the difference from that in normal subjects.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-one COPD patients and a matched control of 31 normal subjects on age, sex, height, and weight, who underwent chest radiographs during forced breathing using dynamic chest radiography, were included in this study. COPD patients were classified based on the criteria of the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) (GOLD 1, n = 3; GOLD 2, n = 12; GOLD 3, n = 13; GOLD 4, n = 3). Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019 02 11;2:CD000154. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand, 1142.

Background: Menorrhagia or heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) is an excessive blood loss that impairs a woman's quality of life, either physical, emotional, social or material. It is benign and not associated with pregnancy or any other gynaecological or systemic disease. Medical treatments used to reduce excessive menstrual blood loss (MBL) include prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors, antifibrinolytics, oral contraceptive pills, and other hormones. Read More

Phys Med 2019 Jan 3;57:100-106. Epub 2019 Jan 3.

Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, P.O. Box 2208, Heraklion 71003, Crete, Greece.

Purpose: To estimate the second cancer risk associated with Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) radiotherapy at supradiaphragmatic or infradiaphragmatic region, using the involved field (IFRT) and the involved site radiotherapy (ISRT).

Materials And Methods: IFRT and ISRT treatment plans were created for twenty HL patients. Three dimensional plans (3DRT) were employed for all patients. Read More

Eur J Surg Oncol 2019 04 19;45(4):672-678. Epub 2019 Jan 19.

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tenon University Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Sorbonne University, Paris, France; INSERM UMR S 938, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.

Patterns of distant metastatic failure of endometrial cancer (EC) by specific anatomic site are not well described in the literature. In this manuscript, we evaluated the metastatic patterns of EC cancer and analysed the potential distribution of metastatic disease in this malignancy.

Methods: A total of 1444 women with EC were identified. Read More

Pulm Med 2019 3;2019:6364376. Epub 2019 Jan 3.

Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore-575004, India.

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) impairs the function of the diaphragm by placing it at a mechanical disadvantage, shortening its operating length and changing the mechanical linkage between its various parts. This makes the diaphragm's contraction less effective in raising and expanding the lower rib cage, thereby increasing the work of breathing and reducing the functional capacity.

Aim Of The Study: To compare the effects of diaphragmatic stretch and manual diaphragm release technique on diaphragmatic excursion in patients with COPD. Read More

Rev Mal Respir 2019 Feb 31;36(2):197-203. Epub 2019 Jan 31.

Service des maladies respiratoires, hôpital Haut-Lévêque, centre hospitalier universitaire de Bordeaux, 33600 Pessac, France.

Introduction: Lyme disease is not uncommon and can sometimes progress to neurological complications. We report here an unusual case of bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis secondary to Lyme neuroborreliosis.

Case Report: A 79-year-old man was admitted to the intensive care unit for acute respiratory distress requiring intubation and the long-term use of nocturnal non-invasive ventilation. Read More

Kardiologiia 2019 Jan 27;59(1):12-21. Epub 2019 Jan 27.

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University.

Aim: to study changes in the volumes of muscle, fat, and connective tissue in postmortem issue samples (autoptates) from diaphragm, right ventricle, lower limb (gastrocnemius muscle), as well as morphological changes of the diaphragm muscular structure in patients with different functional classes of heart failure (HF), and to compare them with some intravital parameters of external respiration (with maximal inspiratory pressure and its amplitude simultaneously measured by ultrasound method in particular).

Materials And Methods: Autoptates of the diaphragm muscle, right ventricle, lower limb (n=39) from 20 men and 19 women (with in vivo diagnosis CHF NYHA functional class (FC) I-IV, hypertension, ischemic heart disease) were examined within 24 hours after the fatal outcome. Light optical microscopy was used to assess the percentages of muscle, connective, adipose tissue, numbers of fibroblasts, and collagen fibers. Read More