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Gen Physiol Biophys 2019 Jan 18. Epub 2019 Jan 18.

Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia.

Immunomodulating effect of silica-rich water represents a novel field for research, especially regarding its features toward environmental pollutants. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of silica-rich water intake on systemic and peritoneal inflammation in rats that were chronically exposed to the low-level microwave (MW) radiation from mobile phones. Wistar Albino rats were exposed to 900 MHz MW radiation for 3 months. Read More

World J Gastroenterol 2018 Dec;24(45):5131-5143

PLA Center of General Surgery and Pancreatic Injury and Repair Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu 610083, Sichuan Province, China.

Aim: To investigate the role of peritoneal macrophage (PM) polarization in the therapeutic effect of abdominal paracentesis drainage (APD) on severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).

Methods: SAP was induced by 5% Na-taurocholate retrograde injection in Sprague-Dawley rats. APD was performed by inserting a drainage tube with a vacuum ball into the lower right abdomen of the rats immediately after the induction of SAP. Read More

Wideochir Inne Tech Maloinwazyjne 2018 Dec 30;13(4):542-545. Epub 2018 May 30.

Department of Digestive Surgery, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France.

Management of a perforated duodenal ulcer is most commonly performed by laparoscopy and consists of suture of the perforation after performing lavage of the peritoneal cavity. In most cases, a flap is created, and an omental flap is usually the preferred choice because of its simplicity and its proximity to the site of duodenal perforation. However, in some cases, the greater omentum cannot be used due to the severity of peritonitis or due to previous surgical removal. Read More

Oxid Med Cell Longev 2018 13;2018:6053492. Epub 2018 Nov 13.

Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.

The Mediterranean diet, rich in olive oil, is beneficial, reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Olive oil is mostly composed of the monounsaturated fatty acid omega-9. We showed omega-9 protects septic mice modulating lipid metabolism. Read More

Mol Immunol 2019 Jan 27;105:86-95. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Norman Bethune Health Science Center, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China. Electronic address:

Neutrophils, classified as professional phagocytes, are crucial in killing bacteria and preventing inflammation. When studying the roles of neutrophils in the development of the septic peritonitis induced by E. coli, we noticed some of the larger cells existed among peritoneal lavage fluid cells (PLCs). Read More

Ann Transl Med 2018 Oct;6(20):400

Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital of Muenster, Muenster, Germany.

Background: There is clear evidence that early causal therapy improves outcome in sepsis and septic shock, whereas recent studies on supportive hemodynamic therapy have produced very conflictive results. The objective of the present study was to determine whether a supportive hemodynamic therapy guided by clinically relevant invasive monitoring improves survival and organ function in a high-lethality model of septic shock in sheep as compared to sole causal therapy including surgical and antimicrobial treatment.

Methods: Twenty healthy ewes were anaesthetized and instrumented for hemodynamic surveillance. Read More

J Cancer Res Ther 2018 Oct-Dec;14(6):1225-1229

Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.

Aim: Cytological detection of peritoneal-free gastric cancer cells is considered as the gold standard with variable sensitivity. Seeding of cancer cells after radical surgery for gastric cancer is a controversial issue. In this study, it was aimed to detect the rate of positive peritoneal washing cytology and the incidence of spreading of tumor cells after radical surgery. Read More

Surg Endosc 2018 Nov 26. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

Background: The preoperative work-up has limitations on finding peritoneal dissemination (PD) in gastric cancer patients. Laparoscopic exploration (LE) can discover radiographically occult PD, obtain accurate stage and avert futile laparotomy. The aim of our study was to introduce "Four-Step Procedure" LE in West China Hospital and further evaluate its safety and feasibility. Read More

J Nutr Biochem 2018 Nov 3;64:110-120. Epub 2018 Nov 3.

Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy Division, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198; VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, 68105. Electronic address:

Occupational agricultural dust exposure can cause severe lung injury, including COPD and asthma exacerbations. Cell-derived extracellular vesicles can mediate inflammatory responses and immune activation, but the contribution of diet-derived extracellular vesicles to these processes is poorly understood. We investigated whether bovine milk-derived extracellular vesicles modulate inflammatory responses to agricultural dust exposures in a murine model. Read More

Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2018 Nov 15;205:1-9. Epub 2018 Oct 15.

Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W., Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1 Canada. Electronic address:

Telemetry transmitters are frequently used in studies of wild fish migration and behavior. Although the effects of surgically implanted transmitters on survival, tag retention, healing and growth have been studied, there has been little research regarding the potential immune response induced by these transmitters. In the current study, mature rainbow trout received either surgical implantation of an acoustic transmitter or a sham surgical procedure. Read More

J Diabetes Res 2018 22;2018:6209694. Epub 2018 Oct 22.

Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of University Sao Paulo (FCF/USP), São Paulo, Brazil.

Paracoccidioidomycosis, a key issue for Brazilian health service, can be aggravated in patients with impaired immunological responses, such as diabetic patients. We evaluated the role of insulin in inflammatory parameters in diabetic and nondiabetic mice using a systemic mycosis (Pb) model. Diabetic C57BL-6 mice and controls were infected with Pb18 and treated with insulin for 12 days prior to experiments. Read More

Pathol Res Pract 2018 Oct 28. Epub 2018 Oct 28.

Liquid Biopsy Laboratory, Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Spain; Familial Cancer Unit, Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Spain. Electronic address:

Genetic screening for BRCA mutations should be offered to all women diagnosed with epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, and/or peritoneal cancers given the implications for treatment options and cancer risk assessments. Yet, while germline breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) and breast cancer susceptibility gene 2 (BRCA2) testing is commonly performed, BRCA1/2 somatic mutations testing is rather challenging since the poor quality of DNA extracted from formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) samples can significantly impair this process. Peritoneal lavage is routinely performed in surgeries of suspected ovarian malignancies. Read More

J Cell Physiol 2019 Apr 28;234(4):4081-4094. Epub 2018 Oct 28.

Department of Biotechnology and Animal Science, National Ilan University, Yilan, Taiwan.

Dysregulation of NACHT, LRR, and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is involved in many chronic inflammatory diseases, including gouty arthritis. Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome requires priming and activation signals: the priming signal controls the expression of NLRP3 and interleukin (IL)-1β precursor (proIL-1β), while the activation signal leads to the assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome and to caspase-1 activation. Here, we reported the effects of the alcoholic extract of Taiwanese green propolis (TGP) on the NLRP3 inflammasome in vitro and in vivo. Read More

Front Immunol 2018 12;9:2370. Epub 2018 Oct 12.

Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.

Current influenza vaccines have relatively low effectiveness, especially against antigenically drifted strains, the effectiveness is even lower in the elderly and immunosuppressed individuals. We have previously shown in a randomized clinical trial that the topical application of a toll-like receptor 7 agonist, imiquimod, just before intradermal influenza vaccine could expedite and augment antibody response, including to antigenically-drifted strains. However, the mechanism of this vaccine and imiquimod combination approach is poorly understood. Read More

Exp Parasitol 2018 Dec 16;195:44-53. Epub 2018 Oct 16.

Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.

Toxoplasmosis is a worldwide parasitic disease responsible for serious health problems to human. The currently available drugs used for toxoplasmosis treatment showed a limited efficacy and cause serious host toxicity. The in vitro screening for toxoplasmicidal activity of Araucaria heterophylla resin (AHR) extract and its major component 13-epi-cupressic acid (CUP) showed that both AHR (EC = 3. Read More

Pharmacol Rep 2018 Dec 19;70(6):1150-1157. Epub 2018 Jul 19.

Smooth Muscle and Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India. Electronic address:

Background: Endocannabinoids level are reported to increase in sepsis, however, the role of vascular cannabinoid receptor-1 (CB1R) in sepsis-induced vascular hyporeactivity is yet to be unravelled.

Methods: Polymicrobial sepsis was induced by caecal ligation and puncture in mice. Isometric tension in isolated aortic rings during early (6 h) and late (20 h) phases of sepsis was recorded and expression of mRNA of monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) and cannabinoid receptor-1 (CB1R) was investigated. Read More

Asian J Surg 2018 Oct 10. Epub 2018 Oct 10.

Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China. Electronic address:

Little is known about the clinical outcome of pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) for locally advanced gastric cancer invading the duodenum and/or pancreas. The aim of this study was to define the clinical outcome and prognostic determinants of PD for locally advanced gastric cancer through a systematic review and pooled analysis of relevant data in the literature. A total of 13 articles involving 69 patients were eligible for inclusion. Read More

J Immunol 2018 Nov 12;201(10):2998-3005. Epub 2018 Oct 12.

Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Unit, School of Pharmacy, Institute for Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; and

CD300a is an inhibitory receptor for mast cells and eosinophils in allergic inflammation (AI); however, the spatiotemporal expression of CD300a and its potential roles in the resolution of AI are still to be determined. In this study, employing a mouse model of allergic peritonitis, we demonstrate that CD300a expression on peritoneal cells is regulated from inflammation to resolution. Allergic peritonitis-induced CD300a mice had a rapid increase in their inflammatory cell infiltrates and tryptase content in the peritoneal cavity compared with wild type, and their resolution process was significantly delayed. Read More

BMC Cancer 2018 Oct 12;18(1):974. Epub 2018 Oct 12.

Department of Gastroenterology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan.

Background: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) for mucinous cystic neoplasm of the pancreas carries a potential risk of inducing peritoneal tumor cell dissemination. We investigated the diagnostic yield and safety of EUS-FNA-based cytology of cells obtained from the pancreatic invasion site of intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm-derived adenocarcinoma (IPMC).

Methods: We included 22 surgically resected IPMCs and 84 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs). Read More

Inflammation 2018 Oct 4. Epub 2018 Oct 4.

Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390-9063, USA.

Acute lung injury (ALI), developing as a component of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), leads to significant morbidity and mortality. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), produced in part by the neutrophil NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2), have been implicated in the pathogenesis of ALI. Previous studies in our laboratory demonstrated the development of pulmonary inflammation in Nox2-deficient (gp91) mice that was absent in WT mice in a murine model of SIRS. Read More

Cancer Manag Res 2018 24;10:3833-3839. Epub 2018 Sep 24.

Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan,

Background: Scirrhous gastric cancer (SGC) is highly invasive and metastatic because of its interactions with stromal cells, such as fibroblasts and macrophages, and extracellular matrix, leading to a higher incidence of peritoneal metastasis (PM) than other gastric cancers (GCs). Taxane-based intraperitoneal chemotherapy (IPC) is a promising therapy for PM. We retrospectively analyzed outcomes of multidisciplinary therapies that included IPC for SGC. Read More

Surg Infect (Larchmt) 2018 Oct 27;19(7):723-728. Epub 2018 Sep 27.

1 Department of Surgery, University Medicine Greifswald , Greifswald, Germany .

Background: Peritoneal lavage is often used for peritonitis, however, the volume and type of lavage fluid varies. Saline or Ringer's solution are used most often and lavage is performed until the fluid is clear. However, at present there is no irrigation fluid for peritoneal lavage with residual antiseptic activity. Read More

Front Immunol 2018 12;9:2058. Epub 2018 Sep 12.

Department of Biological Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States.

The glutamic acid-leucine-arginine (ELR) motif is a hallmark feature shared by mammalian inflammatory CXC chemokines such the granulocyte chemo-attractant CXCL8 (interleukin-8, IL-8). By contrast, most teleost fish inflammatory chemokines lack this motif. Interestingly, the amphibian encodes multiple isoforms of CXCL8, one of which (CXCL8a) possesses an ELR motif, while another (CXCL8b) does not. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2018 Sep 25;19(10). Epub 2018 Sep 25.

Department of Cellular Biology and Immunology, Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López Neyra, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPBLN-CSIC), 18016 Granada, Spain.

Previous work from our group has shown that mice develop a milder pristane-induced lupus disease than WT or counterparts, demonstrating a new role for CD38 in promoting aberrant inflammation and lupus-like autoimmunity via a Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 2 (TRPM2)-dependent apoptosis-driven mechanism. In this study we asked whether CD38 may play a role in the expression and function of regulatory B cells (IL-10-producing B cells or B10 cells). In pristane-treated mice the frequency of spleen CD19⁺CD1dCD5⁺ B cells, which are highly enriched in B10 cells, was significantly increased in splenocytes compared to WT, while the frequency of peritoneal plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), which are major type I Interferon (IFN) producers, was greatly diminished. Read More

J Surg Educ 2018 Sep 20. Epub 2018 Sep 20.

Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Jacksonville, Florida.

Background: Each year, thousands of surgeons and other trauma health care providers participate in the American College of Surgeon's Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) program, which historically has allowed trainees to practice cricothyroidotomy, chest tube insertion, pericardiocentesis, venous cutdown, and diagnostic peritoneal lavage on live dogs, pigs, sheep, and goats. However, more than 99% of ATLS programs in the United States and Canada have now ended animal use, driven primarily by simulation technology advancements.

Objective: This review details an international survey of animal versus simulation use in ATLS programs and summarizes the surgical training impact of a novel collaboration between the industry manufacturer of the TraumaMan human simulator, Simulab Corporation (Seattle, Washington), and an animal protection nongovernmental organization (NGO) based in Norfolk, Virginia, to replace animal use in ATLS programs with human simulators. Read More

J Visc Surg 2018 Sep 18. Epub 2018 Sep 18.

Department of Surgery, Colorectal Unit, Michallon University Hospital, 38000 Grenoble, France; University Grenoble Alps, UMR 5525, CNRS, TIMC-IMAG, 38000 Grenoble, France.

Mol Clin Oncol 2018 Oct 16;9(4):399-402. Epub 2018 Aug 16.

Department of Surgery, Tokai University Oiso Hospital, Kanagawa 259-0189, Japan.

The Torricelli-Bernoulli sign is a computed tomography (CT) finding that occurs when ulceration/necrosis of a submucosal gastrointestinal tumor releases a stream of air bubbles into the intestinal lumen. A 75-year-old man developed acute abdominal pain at night and presented to a local doctor. Acute abdomen was diagnosed and he was referred to the Emergency Department at Tokai University Oiso Hospital. Read More

World J Surg 2019 Feb;43(2):457-465

Department of Surgery, University of Florida Health, 1600 SW Archer Road, Box 100108, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.

Background: Early recognition of bowel and mesenteric injury following blunt abdominal trauma remains difficult. We hypothesized that patients with intra-abdominal adhesions from prior laparotomy would be subjected to visceral sheering deceleration forces and increased risk for bowel and mesenteric injury following blunt abdominal trauma.

Methods: We performed a multicenter retrospective cohort analysis of 267 consecutive adult trauma patients who underwent operative exploration following moderate-critical (abdominal injury score 2-5) blunt abdominal trauma, comparing patients with prior laparotomy (n = 31) to patients with no prior laparotomy (n = 236). Read More

Mil Med 2018 Sep;183(suppl_2):98-100

Joint Trauma System, 3698 Chambers Pass, Joint Base San Antonio, Fort Sam Houston, TX.

Unlike penetrating abdominal injuries where the decision to operate is relatively straight forward, those combat casualties that sustain blunt abdominal trauma offer more of a diagnostic and clinical challenge. For unstable patients with a positive focused abdominal sonography in trauma or diagnostic peritoneal lavage, exploratory laparotomy should be undertaken immediately. All grade IV-V splenic injuries should undergo splenectomy, patients undergoing attempted splenic salvage should be monitored in the Role 3 facility and embolization of such splenic injuries may be considered if available. Read More

Front Immunol 2018 22;9:1920. Epub 2018 Aug 22.

Department of Biotechnology and Animal Science, National Ilan University, Yilan City, Taiwan.

The NLRP3 inflammasome is a multiprotein complex that plays a key role in the innate immune system, and aberrant activation of this complex is involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. Carvedilol (CVL) is an α-, β-blocker used to treat high blood pressure and congestive heart failure; however, some benefits beyond decreased blood pressure were observed clinically, suggesting the potential anti-inflammatory activity of CVL. In this report, the inhibitory potential of CVL toward the NLRP3 inflammasome and the possible underlying molecular mechanisms were studied. Read More

Tumori 2018 Oct 5;104(5):361-368. Epub 2018 Sep 5.

2 Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.

Introduction:: Survival in gastric cancer is often limited by peritoneal carcinomatosis, which supposedly develops from serosal tumor infiltration or tumor cell spread during gastrectomy with lymphadenectomy. To eliminate peritoneal tumor cells, extensive intraperitoneal lavage (EIPL) has been suggested. Impressive results have been achieved in Japanese trials. Read More

Surg Today 2019 Jan 30;49(1):56-64. Epub 2018 Aug 30.

Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Higashiosaka City Medical Center, 3-4-5 Nishiiwata, Higashiosaka, Osaka, 578-8588, Japan.

Purpose: Positive peritoneal lavage cytology for gastric carcinoma cells (CY1) is considered distant metastasis and is classified as Stage IV. However, patients with CY1 comprise a heterogeneous population, and their prognosis varies greatly. The prognostic factors for gastric cancer patients with CY1 were retrospectively reviewed. Read More

Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2018 Jul-Aug;29(4):985-988

Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan.

Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) is the most serious complication of long-term peritoneal dialysis (PD). EPS is diagnosed by clinical symptoms (abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and anorexia.) and image study (intestinal expansion, peritoneal thickening and calcification, and ascites. Read More

Surgery 2018 Dec 24;164(6):1168-1177. Epub 2018 Aug 24.

Department of Surgery, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan.

Background: Preoperative chemoradiation therapy is a promising strategy for pancreatic cancer. Peritoneal recurrence is a major recurrence pattern after surgery for pancreatic cancer following preoperative chemoradiation therapy, even in patients with negative peritoneal lavage fluid cytology. Previous reports have indicated that the detection of carcinoembryonic antigen mRNA by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction is useful for evaluating subclinical tumor cell dissemination in peritoneal lavage fluid. Read More

J Vis Exp 2018 08 3(138). Epub 2018 Aug 3.

Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jichi Medical University;

Activated neutrophils release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which can capture and destroy microbes. Recent studies suggest that NETs are involved in various disease processes, such as autoimmune disease, thrombosis, and tumor metastases. Here, we show a detailed in vitro technique to detect NET activity during the trapping of free tumor cells, which grow after attachment to NETs. Read More

Br J Anaesth 2018 Sep 1;121(3):581-587. Epub 2018 Jun 1.

Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital of Muenster, Muenster, Germany.

Background: Colloid solutions have been associated with kidney dysfunction in septic animals and humans. The present study investigated the influence of resuscitation with human albumin (HA) 5%, hydroxyethyl starch (HES) 130/0.4 6%, and balanced crystalloids on ultrastructural kidney damage, kidney function, and survival in a model of ovine septic shock. Read More

Parasit Vectors 2018 Aug 14;11(1):470. Epub 2018 Aug 14.

Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.

Background: Mosquitoes are armed with physiologically active compounds to suppress the host immunity including host inflammatory reaction. However, the specific anti-inflammatory components in mosquitoes remain unknown.

Results: By searching for the immunomodulatory molecules from the mosquito Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) at NCBI for anti-inflammatory function, five cecropins (for short in this study: AeaeCec1, 2, 3, 4 and 5) were selected. Read More

Adv Surg 2018 Sep 4;52(1):275-286. Epub 2018 May 4.

Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, UCLA, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, CHS 72-253, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. Electronic address:

JCI Insight 2018 Aug 9;3(15). Epub 2018 Aug 9.

Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.

Severe lung inflammation and alveolar hemorrhage can be life-threatening in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients if not treated early and aggressively. Neutrophil influx is the driver key of this pathology, but little is known regarding the molecular events regulating this recruitment. Here, we uncover a role for IL-16/mir-125a in this pathology and show not only that IL-16 is a target for miR-125a but that reduced miR-125a expression in SLE patients associates with lung involvement. Read More

Vet Res 2018 Aug 7;49(1):81. Epub 2018 Aug 7.

Center for Companion Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.

Laboratory cats were infected with a serotype I cat-passaged field strain of FIP virus (FIPV) and peritoneal cells harvested 2-3 weeks later at onset of lymphopenia, fever and serositis. Comparison peritoneal cells were collected from four healthy laboratory cats by peritoneal lavage and macrophages predominated in both populations. Differential mRNA expression analysis identified 5621 genes as deregulated in peritoneal cells from FIPV infected versus normal cats; 956 genes showed > 2. Read More

Cancer Sci 2018 Oct 23;109(10):3263-3271. Epub 2018 Sep 23.

Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.

Gastric cancer patients positive for peritoneal cytology are at increased risk of tumor recurrence, but although a certain proportion of cytology-positive patients relapse rapidly with aggressive progression, others survive longer with conventional chemotherapies. This heterogeneity makes it difficult to stratify patients for more intensive therapy and poses a substantial challenge for the implementation of precision medicine. We developed a new approach to identify biologically malignant subpopulations in cytology-positive gastric cancer patients, using a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing attenuated adenovirus in which the telomerase promoter regulates viral replication (TelomeScan, OBP-401). Read More

Mediators Inflamm 2018 3;2018:4934592. Epub 2018 Jul 3.

Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.

Inflammation is a key factor in the pathogenesis of ALI. Therefore, suppression of inflammatory response could be a potential strategy to treat LPS-induced lung injury. Osthole, a natural coumarin extract, has been reported to protect against acute kidney injury through an anti-inflammatory mechanism, but its effect on ALI is poorly understood. Read More

Int Immunopharmacol 2018 Oct 26;63:1-8. Epub 2018 Jul 26.

Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China. Electronic address:

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a serious complication among patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) that is a systemic inflammatory disease with high morbidity and mortality. The pathophysiology of AKI-associated ALI is poorly understood. G-CSF regulates the production and function of neutrophils that mediate lung injury via elastase and other mediators. Read More

Iran J Med Sci 2018 Jul;43(4):432-435

Department of Pediatrics, CSI Kalyani Multispeciality Hospital, Mylapore, Chennai, India.

Ascariasis is a common worm infestation in developing and under-developed countries. It is caused by the ingestion of food contaminated with Ascaris eggs from faeces and is more common in places with poor sanitation. Almost 25% of the world population is infested by Ascaris lumbricoides. Read More

J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2018 Sep/Oct;54(5):257-266. Epub 2018 Jul 24.

From The Animal Medical Center, New York, New York (S.R.K., P.S.); Veterinary Specialists of Connecticut, West Hartford, Connecticut (R.L.C.); Veterinary Specialists of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (A.S.L.); and Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, Indiana (G.E.M.).

Septic peritonitis is a common, life-threatening condition encountered in dogs and cats. Efficacy of peritoneal lavage has not been proven in veterinary studies. Our objective was to evaluate differences in bacterial identity and susceptibility in samples obtained pre- and postlavage in animals who underwent laparotomy for treatment of septic peritonitis and to assess the effect of empirical antimicrobial selection on survival. Read More

J Vis Exp 2018 07 4(137). Epub 2018 Jul 4.

Institute of Pharmacology, Ruprecht-Karls Heidelberg University.

Mast cells (MCs), as a part of the immune system, play a key role in defending the host against several pathogens and in the initiation of the allergic immune response. The activation of MCs via the cross-linking of surface IgE bound to high affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI), as well as through the stimulation of several other receptors, initiates the rise of the free intracellular Ca level ([Ca]i) that promotes the release of inflammatory and allergic mediators. The identification of molecular constituents involved in these signaling pathways is crucial for understanding the regulation of MC function. Read More

Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg 2018 Jul;24(4):281-286

Department of General Surgery, Süleyman Demirel University Faculty of Medicine, Isparta-Turkey.

Background: Currently, all progress in diagnostic techniques, surgical techniques, antibiotherapy, and intensive care units is accompanied by a decrease in the mortality due to severe secondary peritonitis; however, the rate is still unacceptably high. To remove the source of peritonitis, a surgeon has several options, such as closure, exclusion, and resection, depending on the preference of the surgeon and the condition of the patient. The aim of this study is to determine the rates of bacterial translocation by comparing the dry cleaning method (gauze squeezed with saline) and peritoneal lavage method (cleaning with saline), which are among the peritoneal cleaning methods. Read More

J Pediatr Surg 2018 Jun 27. Epub 2018 Jun 27.

Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States. Electronic address:

Purpose: The utility of irrigation at the time of appendectomy for acute appendicitis has been debated, with recent studies showing no benefit to irrigation. In our practice, two techniques have been used; one in which irrigation was at the discretion of the surgeon, and one in which irrigation was standardized. The standardized irrigation technique involved large volume (3-12 l) irrigation in small, focused, directed aliquots to achieve optimal dilution. Read More

Arthritis Res Ther 2018 07 11;20(1):144. Epub 2018 Jul 11.

Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610000, China.

Background: The findings of a previous study by Jin et al. have shown that microRNA (miR)-155 was upregulated in patients with acute gouty arthritis and enhanced the proinflammatory cytokines. There is no direct evidence to support that miR-155 is indeed involved in monosodium urate (MSU)-induced inflammatory responses in vivo. Read More

Childs Nerv Syst 2018 Jul 11. Epub 2018 Jul 11.

Pediatric Neurosurgery, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.

Objective: The treatment of infectious CSF condition with ventriculitis and hydrocephalus in children is an interdisciplinary challenge. Conventional surgical treatment includes external ventricular drain (EVD) and systemic antibiotic therapy. However, infectious contamination of large ventricles combined with CSF protein overload often requires long treatment regimens. Read More