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Am J Pathol 2022 Jun 22. Epub 2022 Jun 22.

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112. Electronic address:

Extracellular vesicles are generated by cells in the form of exosomes, microvesicles and apoptotic bodies. They can be taken by neighboring cells and their contents can have functional impact on cells that engulf them. As the mediators of intercellular communication, extracellular vesicles can play important roles in both physiological and pathological contexts. Read More

Pulm Ther 2022 Jun 25. Epub 2022 Jun 25.

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Shields, Northumbria Way, Northumberland, Cramlington, NE23 6NZ, UK.

Hepatic hydrothorax (HH) represents a distinct clinical entity within the broader classification of pleural effusion that is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The median survival of patients with cirrhosis who develop HH is 8-12 months. The diagnosis is typically made in the context of advanced liver disease and ascites, in the absence of underlying cardio-pulmonary pathology. Read More

Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2022 Jun 24. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.

Purpose: To investigate the feasibility of a novel augmented reality system for CT-guided liver interventions and to compare it with free-hand interventions in a phantom setting.

Methods And Materials: A newly developed augmented reality interface was used, with projection of CT-imaging in multiplanar reconstruction and live rendering of the needle position, a bull`s eye view of the needle trajectory and a visualization of the distance to the target. Punctures were performed on a custom-made abdominal phantom by three interventional radiologists with different levels of expertise. Read More

Curr Opin Urol 2022 Jul;32(4):358-363

Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

Purpose Of Review: Due to the limited number of cases, there are no guidelines for basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the prostate. This review combines an unpublished case report of a 55-year-old patient with BCC with an assessment of the latest literature.

Recent Findings: BCC of the prostate has previously been described in only approximately 140 cases. Read More

Radiographics 2022 Jun 24:220004. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

From the Department of Radiology (M.Y., A.D.T.A., Z.S.K., M.L.W., J.P.H., S.P.S., J.L.F., S.K.V.) and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (M.S.T.), Mayo Clinic, 200 2nd St SW, Rochester, MN 55905; and Department of Diagnostic Imaging, National University Health System, Singapore (L.L.S.T.).

Eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders (EGIDs) are inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract that are characterized by tissue eosinophilia and end-organ dysfunction or damage. Primary EGIDs are associated with atopy and other allergic conditions, whereas secondary EGIDs are associated with underlying systemic diseases or hypereosinophilic syndrome. Within the spectrum of EGIDs, eosinophilic esophagitis is the most prevalent. Read More

Hinyokika Kiyo 2022 May;68(5):139-143

The Department of Urology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine.

A 40-year-old Japanese female was referred to our institution with a high serum lactate dehydrogenase level. Computed tomography (CT) showed a large right adrenal tumor, 14 cm in size without distant metastases. The patient was clinically diagnosed with T2N0M0 adrenocortical carcinoma and underwent right adrenalectomy. Read More

Mol Clin Oncol 2022 Jul 25;17(1):115. Epub 2022 May 25.

Third Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece.

Lymphoma is known to be a systemic lymphoproliferative malignancy, which is divided into two subtypes: Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma originates from nodal and extranodal sites. In the staging of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, the liver is implicated in 40% of cases; however, primary liver non-Hodgkin lymphoma represents <1% of all non-Hodgkin lymphoma cases. Read More

ERJ Open Res 2022 Apr 20;8(2). Epub 2022 Jun 20.

Graduate Program in Pathology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyse and quantify the prevalence of six comorbidities from lung cancer screening (LCS) on computed tomography (CT) scans of patients from developing countries.

Methods: For this retrospective study, low-dose CT scans (n=775) were examined from patients who underwent LCS in a tertiary hospital between 2016 and 2020. An age- and sex-matched control group was obtained for comparison (n=370). Read More

Pharmaceutics 2022 Jun 15;14(6). Epub 2022 Jun 15.

Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia.

Similar to [F]-FDG, [Tc]Tc-1-thio-D-glucose ([Tc]Tc-TG) also binds to GLUT receptors. The aim of this Phase I study was to evaluate the safety, biodistribution and dosimetry of [Tc]Tc-TG. Twelve lymphoma patients were injected with 729 ± 102 MBq [Tc]Tc-TG. Read More

Nutrients 2022 Jun 15;14(12). Epub 2022 Jun 15.

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55907, USA.

Histological changes induced by gluten in the duodenal mucosa of patients with non-coeliac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) are poorly defined. To evaluate the structural and inflammatory features of NCGS compared to controls and coeliac disease (CeD) with milder enteropathy (Marsh I-II). Well-oriented biopsies of 262 control cases with normal gastroscopy and histologic findings, 261 CeD, and 175 NCGS biopsies from 9 contributing countries were examined. Read More

J Clin Med 2022 Jun 7;11(12). Epub 2022 Jun 7.

"Pietro Valdoni" Department of Surgery, Policlinico "Umberto I", "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy.

Vanishing bile duct syndrome (VBDS) is a rare condition characterized by progressive loss, destruction, and disappearance of the intra-hepatic bile ducts, leading to cholestasis and ductopenia. The exact mechanism of development of VDBS has not been established yet. Diagnosis of VBDS mainly relies on clinical and disease related presentations, but liver biopsy is compulsory for diagnosis. Read More

Genes (Basel) 2022 Jun 11;13(6). Epub 2022 Jun 11.

Department of Medicine and Genetics, Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Marion Bessin Liver Research Center, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.

Clinical studies have revealed that the gene encodes the phospholipid transporter on the canalicular membrane of hepatocytes, and its mutations and variants are the genetic basis of low phospholipid-associated cholelithiasis (LPAC), a rare type of gallstone disease caused by a single-gene mutation or variation. The main features of LPAC include a reduction or deficiency of phospholipids in bile, symptomatic cholelithiasis at <40 years of age, intrahepatic sludge and microlithiasis, mild chronic cholestasis, a high cholesterol/phospholipid ratio in bile, and recurrence of biliary symptoms after cholecystectomy. Needle-like cholesterol crystals, putatively "anhydrous" cholesterol crystallization at low phospholipid concentrations in model and native bile, are characterized in ABCB4 knockout mice, a unique animal model for LPAC. Read More

Cancers (Basel) 2022 Jun 14;14(12). Epub 2022 Jun 14.

Internal Medicine and Hepatology Unit, University Hospital "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona", University of Salerno, 84131 Salerno, Italy.

Background: Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are a subset of unconventional T lymphocytes expressing a semi-invariant α/β T-cell receptor (TCR). The physiological functions of these cells, which are particularly abundant in normal liver and mucosal sites, have become clear only in recent years, but their role in most human diseases is still unknown. Since the cellular origin and etiopathogenesis of most T-lymphomas are still elusive, we decided to explore the presence of MAIT cells in biopsies from these neoplasms. Read More

Cancers (Basel) 2022 Jun 10;14(12). Epub 2022 Jun 10.

Translational Oncology Laboratory, Avera Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA.

The source of circulating tumor cells (CTC) in the peripheral blood of patients with solid tumors are from primary cancer, metastatic sites, and a disseminated tumor cell pool. As 90% of cancer-related deaths are caused by metastatic progression and/or resistance-associated treatment failure, the above fact justifies the undeniable predictive and prognostic value of identifying CTC in the bloodstream at stages of the disease progression and resistance to treatment. Yet enumeration of CTC remains far from a standard routine procedure either for post-surgery follow-ups or ongoing adjuvant therapy. Read More

Biomedicines 2022 Jun 3;10(6). Epub 2022 Jun 3.

Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR (AGAUR)-Medicina Aplicada (URV), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43007 Tarragona, Spain.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent chronic hepatic disease; nevertheless, no definitive diagnostic method exists yet, apart from invasive liver biopsy, and nor is there a specific approved treatment. Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) plays a major role in angiogenesis and inflammation; however, its link with NAFLD is unclear as controversial results have been reported. Thus, the objective of this work was to determine the proteins involved in the molecular mechanisms between RUNX1 and NAFLD, by means of systems biology. Read More

Animals (Basel) 2022 Jun 8;12(12). Epub 2022 Jun 8.

Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, N-4325 Sandnes, Norway.

The liver fluke may cause severe infection in several mammalian species, including sheep and humans. Fasciolosis is a parasitic disease occurring worldwide in temperate climates and involves intermediate lymnaeid snails as vectors, in Europe the pond snail in particular. In the sheep industry, the disease is a serious welfare and health problem. Read More

Semin Liver Dis 2022 May 23;42(2):188-201. Epub 2022 Jun 23.

Division of Liver Diseases, Liver Cancer Program, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.

Liver cancer incidence rate continues to increase and currently ranks third in the total number of annual deaths, behind only lung and colorectal cancer. Most patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are diagnosed at advanced stages, and they live for less than 2 years after diagnosis on average. This contrasts with those diagnosed at an early stage, who can be cured with surgery. Read More

J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci 2022 Jun 23. Epub 2022 Jun 23.

Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan.

Background: Hepatic vein embolization (HVE) added to portal vein embolization (PVE) can further increase future remnant liver volume (FRLV) compared with PVE alone. This study was aimed to evaluate feasibility of sequential HVE in a prospective trial and to verify surgical strategy using functional FRLV (fFRLV).

Methods: HVE was prospectively indicated for post-PVE patients scheduled for right-sided major hepatectomy if the resection limit of fFRLV using EOB-magnetic resonance imaging was not satisfied. Read More

Toxics 2022 Jun 10;10(6). Epub 2022 Jun 10.

Department of Functional Diagnosis, 103 Military Hospital, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi 12108, Vietnam.

We investigated changes in some laboratory indices and the liver histology of chronic hepatitis patients who were exposed to dioxin. In 2014, we collected liver biopsy samples for histopathological examination from 33 chronic hepatitis patients living around the Da Nang Airbase, which is a dioxin-contaminated area due to the herbicide spraying in Vietnam. Dioxin exposure was measured by its levels in the blood. Read More

J Int Med Res 2022 Jun;50(6):3000605221100126

Department of Internal Medicine II, Shimane University School of Medicine, Izumo, Japan.

Objective: We investigated the utility of combinational elastography with point shear wave elastography (pSWE) and real-time tissue elastography (RTE) for evaluating liver fibrosis in patients with liver injury.

Methods: In this prospective single-institution study, patients scheduled for a liver biopsy to determine the presence of liver disease were enrolled. Liver fibrosis in each patient was evaluated using both shear wave velocity (Vs) shown by pSWE and the liver fibrosis index (LFI) shown by RTE, while a liver biopsy sample was obtained from the same area that was subjected to an elastography examination. Read More

J Ultrasound Med 2022 Jun 23. Epub 2022 Jun 23.

Department of Ultrasound, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China.

Purpose: To compare the diagnostic efficacy of SonoVue and Sonazoid contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in correctly detecting and characterizing colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) after chemotherapy.

Materials And Methods: Patients with CRLMs treated with chemotherapy and subsequently scheduled for hepatic resection were prospectively enrolled from April 2020 to January 2021. Lesions detected by SonoVue or Sonazoid CEUS were recorded as and characterized as metastases or non-metastatic lesions respectively. Read More

Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2022 Jun 4;78:103932. Epub 2022 Jun 4.

Department of Surgery-University of Dodoma, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Dodoma, Tanzania.

Introduction: and importance: Ruptured esophageal varices are fatal and cause haemorrhagic shock and consequently death if no immediate intervention is instituted to arrest bleeding. The role of forensic pathologists in investigating cases of sudden unexpected deaths is of paramount importance. Upon medico-legal work ups by forensic pathologists, autopsy would shed light to the exact cause of death as to whether it is natural or unnatural. Read More

Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2022 Jun 20;78:103836. Epub 2022 May 20.

Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal.

Introduction: Hydatid disease is a major zoonotic disease. After the liver, the lungs are the common site of involvement. Clinical manifestations of the disease depend on the site and size of the cysts as well as the presence of complications. Read More

Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2022 Jun 18;78:103785. Epub 2022 May 18.

Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hanoi Medical University Hospital, Hanoi, Viet Nam.

Background: Biliary cystadenoma is a rare cystic neoplasm of the liver. The clinical signs and symptoms are nonspecific, and treatment strategy is variable.

Case Presentation: In this study, we presented a case of a 32-year-old female with multilocular biliary cystadenoma. Read More

J Immunol Res 2022 12;2022:6588144. Epub 2022 Jun 12.

The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China.

Shenqi pill (SQP), a famous traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) herbal formula derived from Jinguiyaolue (Synopsis of Prescriptions of the Golden Chamber), has long been used to treat kidney yang deficiency syndrome. According to the TCM treatment principle that the liver and kidney are homologies, the clinical use of SQP in the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has achieved a good effect. However, the active targeted genes and underlying mechanism remain unclear. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022 6;13:884777. Epub 2022 Jun 6.

Department of General Surgery, Hangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a global health challenge with an increasing incidence worldwide. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) function critically in HCC initiation and development. However, the prognostic significance of CAF-related gene signatures in HCC remains unknown. Read More

Maedica (Bucur) 2022 Mar;17(1):44-51

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Dragana, Alexandroupolis, 68100, Greece, ORCID ID: 0000-0003-0817-6513.

The aim of our study is to evaluate the diagnostic ability of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) in pediatric population with history of blunt abdominal trauma (BAT). In an eight-year period (1/2012-1/2020), fifty-nine children (4-14 years old) were transferred to the Emergency Department with referred BAT. The initial imaging method was ultrasound scan (US). Read More

Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2022 Jul-Aug;19(4):490-502

Centre of Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand;

Background/aim: Angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) is a multifunctional signaling protein implicated in carbohydrate metabolism, inflammation, cancer growth and progression, anoikis resistance, angiogenesis, and metastasis. However, signaling pathways of ANGPTL4 in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) remain unknown. The aim of this study was to explore ANGPTL4-related signaling proteins and pathways associated with CCA biology. Read More

Diagn Interv Radiol 2022 Jun 22. Epub 2022 Jun 22.

Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Saarland University Medical Center, Hamburg, Germany.

To report on complication management in a 58-year-old woman referred for transjugular biopsy for evaluation of an unknown liver disease. After an initial uneventful biopsy procedure, the patient complained of severe upper abdominal pain. Laboratory test revealed increasing liver enzymes. Read More

Lab Med 2022 Jun 22. Epub 2022 Jun 22.

Endemic Medicine and Hepatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.

Objective: This study aimed at exploring the potential role of a panel of serum micro-RNA (miRNA) markers in liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) diagnosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.

Methods: The study included 157 chronic HCV patients and 62 HCC patients who presented to the Cairo University Center for Hepatic Fibrosis, Endemic Medicine Department, from 2015 to 2017. Relevant clinical and laboratory data were collected and sera were subjected to miRNA expression profiling. Read More