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Endocrinology 2019 May;160(5):1150-1163

Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama.

Pancreatic β-cells undergo profound hyperplasia during pregnancy to maintain maternal euglycemia. Failure to reprogram β-cells into a more replicative state has been found to underlie susceptibility to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). We recently identified a requirement for prolactin receptor (PRLR) signaling in the metabolic adaptations to pregnancy, where β-cell-specific PRLR knockout (βPRLRKO) mice exhibit a metabolic phenotype consistent with GDM. Read More

J Cell Physiol 2019 Apr 19. Epub 2019 Apr 19.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.

Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a serious hypertensive disorder of pregnancy that remains a leading cause of perinatal and maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Placental ischemia/hypoxia and the secretion of soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt1) into maternal circulation are involved in the pathogenesis of PE. Although low-dose aspirin (LDA) has beneficial effects on the prevention of PE, the exact mechanisms of action of LDA, particularly on placental dysfunction, and sFlt1 release, have not been well investigated. Read More

PLoS One 2019 19;14(4):e0215372. Epub 2019 Apr 19.

Cyprus International Institute for Environmental & Public Health, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus.

Background/objective: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy complication, with complex disease mechanisms, and several risk factors may contribute to its onset. We performed an umbrella review to summarize the evidence from meta-analyses of observational studies on risk factors associated with GDM, evaluate whether there are indications of biases in this literature and identify which of the previously reported associations are supported by convincing evidence.

Methods: We searched PubMed and ISI Web of Science from inception to December 2018 to identify meta-analyses examining associations between putative risk factors for GDM. Read More

J Diabetes 2019 Apr 19. Epub 2019 Apr 19.

Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.

Background: Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) may be at an increased risk for liver complications as chronic hyperglycemia is a risk factor for liver fat accumulation and potential liver dysfunction. Large prospective studies examining liver fat accumulation following a GDM pregnancy are lacking.

Methods: In the Diabetes & Women's Health (DWH) Study (2012-2014) we examined the association between GDM and subsequent fatty liver scores among 607 women with and 619 women without GDM in the Danish National Birth Cohort (DNBC). Read More

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2019 Apr 18;19(1):134. Epub 2019 Apr 18.

Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a risk factor for diabetes mellitus. The 75-g, 2-h oral glucose tolerance test is recommended for mothers with a history of GDM to screen for diabetes in the postnatal period. The aim of this study was to investigate the rate of glucose screening within 6 months postpartum among Chinese mothers with a history of GDM, and to identify its predictors. Read More

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2019 Apr 18;7(4):e12081. Epub 2019 Apr 18.

Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Background: Low glycemic index (LGI) diet has shown to be effective in reducing maternal and neonatal complications in high-risk pregnancies.

Objective: This trial aimed to examine the effectiveness of individualized LGI diet consultations based on the accurate diet glycemic load (GL) assessment tool on maternal and neonatal insulin resistance levels and diet behavior changes in overweight and obese pregnant women.

Methods: Overweight and obese pregnant women were recruited before 16 weeks of gestation and randomized to the LGI diet arm or the control arm. Read More

Diabetes Obes Metab 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.

Aims: Emerging evidence suggests that maternal vitamin D status may be associated with gestational diabetes (GDM). However, the temporal relation remains unclear due to the lack of longitudinal data on vitamin D over pregnancy. We aimed to prospectively and longitudinally investigate vitamin D status during early to mid-pregnancy in relation to GDM risk. Read More

BMJ Open 2019 Apr 15;9(4):e025084. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Objective: Both pregestational and gestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM, GDM) occur more frequently in First Nations (North American Indians) pregnant women than their non-Indigenous counterparts in Canada. We assessed whether the impacts of PGDM and GDM on perinatal and postneonatal mortality may differ in First Nations versus non-Indigenous populations.

Design: A population-based linked birth cohort study. Read More

Endocr Connect 2019 Apr 1. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

H Dieplinger, Genetic Epidemiology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, A-6020, Austria.

Background: Patients suffering from polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are often insulin-resistant and at elevated risk for developing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The aim of this study was to explore afamin, which can be determined preconceptionally to indicate patients who will subsequently develop GDM. Serum concentrations of afamin are altered in conditions of oxidative stress like insulin resistance (IR) and correlate with the gold standard of IR determination, the HOMA index. Read More

Gynecol Endocrinol 2019 Apr 16:1-15. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

c Department of Medicine , University Hospital of Pisa , Pisa , Italy.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a complex condition whose physiopathology to date has not been completely clarified. Two major metabolic disorders, insulin resistance and β-cells dysfunction, play currently major role in pathogenesis of GDM. These elements are influenced by the amount of adipose tissue present before and/or during the pregnancy. Read More

Am J Clin Nutr 2019 Mar;109(Supplement_7):705S-728S

Food and Nutrition Service, USDA, Alexandria, VA.

Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are common maternal complications during pregnancy, with short- and long-term sequelae for both mothers and children.

Objective: Two systematic review questions were used to examine the relation between 1) dietary patterns before and during pregnancy, 2) HDP, and 3) GDM.

Methods: A search was conducted from January 1980 to January 2017 in 9 databases including PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane. Read More

Wien Klin Wochenschr 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Interne Abteilung, Landeskrankenhaus Hochzirl - Natters, Hochzirl, Österreich.

In 1989 the St. Vincent Declaration aimed to achieve comparable pregnancy outcomes in diabetic and non-diabetic women. However, currently women with pre-gestational diabetes still feature a higher risk of perinatal morbidity and even increased mortality. Read More

Wien Klin Wochenschr 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Abteilung für Innere Medizin, Privatklinik Wehrle-Diakonissen, Salzburg, Österreich.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as a glucose tolerance disorder with onset during pregnancy and is associated with increased feto-maternal morbidity as well as long-term complications in mother and child. Women who fulfil the criteria of a manifest diabetes in early pregnancy (fasting plasma glucose >126 mg/dl, spontaneous glucose level >200 mg/dl or HbA1c > 6.5% before 20 weeks of gestation) should be classified as having manifest diabetes in pregnancy and treated as such. Read More

Wien Klin Wochenschr 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Abteilung für Innere Medizin, Privatklinik Wehrle-Diakonissen, Salzburg, Österreich.

This position statement is based on current evidence available on the safety and benefits of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion therapy (CSII, pump therapy) in diabetes with an emphasis on the effects of CSII on glycemic control, hypoglycaemia rates, occurrence of ketoacidosis, quality of life and the use of insulin pump therapy in pregnancy. The current article represents the recommendations of the Austrian Diabetes Association for the clinical praxis of insulin pump treatment in children, adolescents and adults. Read More

PLoS One 2019 12;14(4):e0215326. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the commonest cause of liver disease worldwide and is the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome. Effects of NAFLD on pregnancy is still unclear with few studies showing an association to gestational diabetes and pre-eclampsia. We aimed to describe the association between the NAFLD and pregnancy complications. Read More

PLoS One 2019 12;14(4):e0215173. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa College of Public Health, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America.

Implementation of dietary and lifestyle interventions prior to and early in pregnancy in high risk women has been shown to reduce the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) development later in pregnancy. Although numerous risk factors for GDM have been identified, the ability to accurately identify women before or early in pregnancy who could benefit most from these interventions remains limited. As nulliparous women are an under-screened population with risk profiles that differ from their multiparous counterparts, development of a prediction model tailored to nulliparous women may facilitate timely preventive intervention and improve maternal and infant outcomes. Read More

Cell Physiol Biochem 2019 ;52(5):1103-1116

International Collaborative Joint Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.

Background/aims: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is closely associated with early perinatal complications and long-term health problems, such as cardiovascular disease, in offspring. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is cardioprotective, particularly in the treatment of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). However, whether GDM programs offspring susceptibility to cardiac I/R and the involvement of AMPK remain unclear. Read More

Diabet Med 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

School of Medicine, Western Sydney University.

Aim: To determine risk factors associated with neonatal hypoglycaemia and hyperbilirubinaemia, and assess their impact on neonatal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Methods: Retrospective review investigating all pregnancies complicated by GDM at Campbelltown Hospital (Sydney, Australia) between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2015. Main outcomes measured were neonatal hypoglycaemia (capillary glucose levels < 1. Read More

Diabetes Care 2019 Apr 9. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

Institute of Biomedicine, Integrative Physiology, and Pharmacology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.

Objective: To assess whether the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) may be lowered and glucose metabolism improved by daily administration of fish oil and/or probiotic supplements in overweight and obese pregnant women.

Research Design And Methods: We randomized in a double-blind manner 439 women (mean 13.9 ± 2. Read More

Epigenomics 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Aim: To investigate the degree by which epigenetic signatures in children from mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are influenced by environmental factors.

Methods: We profiled the DNA methylation signature of blood from lean, obese and GDM mothers and their respective newborns.

Results: DNA methylation profiles of mothers showed high similarity across groups, while newborns from GDM mothers showed a marked distinct epigenetic profile compared with newborns of both lean and obese mothers. Read More

Curr Diabetes Rev 2019 Apr 5. Epub 2019 Apr 5.

Clinical Pathology Department, Ain Shams University Hospitals, Cairo. Egypt.

Background And Aims: Women who develop GDM (gestational diabetes mellitus) have a relative insulin secretion deficiency, the severity of which may be predictive for later development of diabetes. The study aimed to investigate the role of fasting plasma glucagon in prediction of later development of diabetes in pregnant ladies with GDM.

Materials And Methods: study was conducted on 150 pregnant ladies with GDM after giving an informed oral and written consents approved by research ethical committee according to declaration of Helsinki, The study was conducted on two phases, first during pregnancy and the second was six months post-partum, as we measured fasting plasma glucagon before and after delivery together with fasting and 2 hour post-prandial plasma sugar, the finding suggested that glucagon levels significantly increased after delivery in the majority 14/25 (56%) of GDM women who developed type 2 DM within 6 months after delivery compared to 6/20 (30%) in patients with impaired fasting plasma glucose (IFG) and only 22/105 (20%) of non DM women as the median glucagon levels were (80,76, 55) respectively and also there was high statistical difference between fasting plasma glucagon post-delivery among diabetic and non-diabetic ladies (p ≤ 0. Read More

Chin Med J (Engl) 2019 Apr;132(8):883-888

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is usually diagnosed between 24th and 28th gestational week using the 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). It is difficult to predict GDM before 24th gestational week because fast plasma glucose (FPG) decreases as the gestational age increases. It is controversial that if FPG ≥5. Read More

Placenta 2019 Mar 22;78:1-9. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA; Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA. Electronic address:

Introduction: Metabolic stress (e.g., gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and obesity) and infections are common during pregnancy, impacting fetal development and the health of offspring. Read More

Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2019 Apr 7:1-11. Epub 2019 Apr 7.

b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Perinatology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine , Ankara , Turkey.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of type-1 diabetes mellitus (DM) and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphisms on impaired placentation leading to early pregnancy loss.

Methods: Miscarriage materials were obtained from eight pregnant women with type-1 DM without MTHFR polymorphism, eight with MTHFR polymorphisms without type-1 DM, and eight controls with neither DM nor MTHFR polymorphisms. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), and Beclin-1 expression were assessed to evaluate placentation. Read More

Acta Diabetol 2019 Apr 6. Epub 2019 Apr 6.

Division of O&G, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore, 229899, Singapore.

Prim Care Diabetes 2019 Apr 3. Epub 2019 Apr 3.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.

Objective: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was previously found to be an independent risk factor for long-term cardiovascular morbidity of parturients and their offspring. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between family history of diabetes mellitus (DM) in non-diabetic mothers and long-term pediatric cardiovascular hospitalizations of their offspring.

Study Design: In a hospital-based cohort study, the incidence of cardiovascular disorders was compared between offspring of non-diabetic mothers with and without a family history of DM. Read More

Arch Gynecol Obstet 2019 Apr 5. Epub 2019 Apr 5.

Health Evaluation Center, Affiliated Hospital of Putian College, Putian City, 351100, Fujian, China.

Purpose: Oral antidiabetic medication of metformin is increasingly used in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and obesity. The drug passes through the placenta and can potentially influence the fetus. The aim of the study is to investigate the possible long-term effects of prenatal exposure to metformin on growth and development of the offspring. Read More

Ginekol Pol 2019 ;90(3):154-160

Department of Reproduction, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.

Objectives: An attempt was made to demonstrate the superiority of the treatment model using continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) over multiple daily injections (MDI) of insulin in achieving a successful pregnancy outcome and good newborn's condition in patients with type 1 diabetes.

Material And Methods: The study included 297 infants born to type 1 diabetic patients; 175 patients were treated with MDI and 122 with CSII. Maternal metabolic control during pregnancy, gestational weight gain, insulin requirements, pregnancy outcome and neonatal status were compared between MDI and CSII arm. Read More

Matern Child Health J 2019 May;23(5):603-612

Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, 801 Massachusetts Ave., Ste 436, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.

Objectives Complications of pregnancy such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) forewarn future chronic illness and disability, and demonstrate the need for a life course approach to prevention. Our study had two aims: (1) to elucidate how experiences reported by patients and providers converge to facilitate or impede follow-up care after GDM, and (2) to elicit recommendations for system-level changes to enhance prevention across key care transitions. Methods We conducted in-depth interviews with 30 GDM patients and 29 providers of maternity, specialty and primary care in an urban safety hospital network, and used a three-tiered thematic analysis to interpret their narratives. Read More

Nat Rev Endocrinol 2019 Apr 4. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Center for Pregnant Women with Diabetes, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Women with pre-existing (type 1 or type 2) diabetes mellitus are at increased risk of pregnancy complications, such as congenital malformations, preeclampsia and preterm delivery, compared with women who do not have diabetes mellitus. Approximately half of pregnancies in women with pre-existing diabetes mellitus are complicated by fetal overgrowth, which results in infants who are overweight at birth and at risk of birth trauma and, later in life, the metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Strict glycaemic control with appropriate diet, use of insulin and, if necessary, antihypertensive treatment is the cornerstone of diabetes mellitus management to prevent pregnancy complications. Read More

BMJ Open 2019 Apr 3;9(4):e025970. Epub 2019 Apr 3.

Family Medicine Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.

Introduction: Physical activity (PA) during first 20 weeks of pregnancy may lower risks of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and gestational hypertension (GH), though evidence of association remains inconclusive. Current studies rely heavily on subjective assessment of PA levels. Wearable activity trackers provide a convenient and objective surrogate index for PA validated by evidence-based steps/day categorisation along a physical inactivity/activity continuum. Read More

J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2019 Apr 4:1-6. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

c Department of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty , Baskent University , Konya , Turkey.

Objectives: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as glucose intolerance detected for the first time in pregnancy or identified during pregnancy. Mean platelet volume (MPV) is a marker of activation and function of platelet. Several studies investigated the relation between MPV and GDM. Read More

Biochimie 2019 Apr 1. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, 531, Boulevard des Prairies, Laval, QC, H7V 1B7, Canada; Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Well-Being, Health, Society and Environment (Cinbiose), Université Du Québec à Montréal, C.P.8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada. Electronic address:

We have reviewed the scientific literature related to four diseases in which to serotonin (5-HT) is involved in the etiology, herein named 5-HT-linked diseases, and whose prevalence is influenced by estrogenic status: depression, migraine, irritable bowel syndrome and eating disorders. These diseases all have in common a sex-dimorphic prevalence, with women more frequently affected than men. The co-occurrence between these 5-HT-linked diseases suggests that they have common physiopathological mechanisms. Read More

Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2019 Apr 3:e3164. Epub 2019 Apr 3.

Department of Gynecological, Obstetrical and Urological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Obese pregnant women are likely to face several gestational and neonatal complications. Metformin is an effective oral anti-hyperglycemic agent that is considered to be effective during pregnancy. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of metformin on obstetric and perinatal outcomes in obese pregnant women. Read More

Mol Genet Genomics 2019 Apr 3. Epub 2019 Apr 3.

Diabetes Center and Transplantation Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Yihuanlu Xierduan 32#, Chengdu, 610072, China.

Gestational glucose homeostasis influences mother's metabolic health, pregnancy outcomes, fetal development and offspring growth. To understand the genetic roles in pregnant glucose metabolism and genetic predisposition for gestational diabetes (GDM), we reviewed the recent literature up to Jan, 2018 and evaluated the influence of T2DM-related genetic variants on gestational glycemic traits and glucose tolerance. A total of 140 variants of 89 genes were integrated. Read More

J Diabetes Res 2019 3;2019:9136250. Epub 2019 Mar 3.

Department of Community Medicine and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait.

Objective: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a growing global public health problem that can have short- and long-term health consequences for the mother and the child. Despite its criticalness, many countries still do not have the epidemiological data which could guide them in responding to the problem. Due to the lack of knowledge on GDM and the fact that diabetes and obesity are high in Kuwait, this study sought to estimate the prevalence of GDM and determine its risk factors and outcomes. Read More

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2019 Apr 3;19(1):116. Epub 2019 Apr 3.

Department of cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

Background: Secondary hypertension is a rare complication in pregnancy that causes poor outcomes, such as preeclampsia, premature delivery, intrauterine growth retardation, stillbirths, spontaneous abortion or intrauterine death. Cushing's disease caused by an adrenal adenoma is rare during pregnancy and may be overlooked by obstetricians and physicians, but can lead to hypertension, diabetes mellitus and an increased risk of fetal and maternal morbidity. Approximately 200 cases have been reported in the literature. Read More

Nutr Diet 2019 Apr 1;76(2):211-232. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.

Aim: Ethnic Chinese women are one of the populations at high risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) internationally. This systematic review aimed to determine which dietary intervention strategies were found to be effective in improving glycaemic control and pregnancy outcomes among ethnic Chinese women with GDM.

Methods: The review protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42016043585). Read More

Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2019 Apr 1. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Background: Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. This study examined predictors for GDM recurrence at their next pregnancy in a multi-ethnic population. Clinical outcomes of women with GDM at the index as well as the subsequent pregnancies were also compared. Read More

Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2019 Mar 30;151:114-119. Epub 2019 Mar 30.

Department of Obstetrics, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201204, PR China. Electronic address:

Purpose: The objective of this study was to estimate the combined effect of serum ferritin (SF) concentration and free thyroxine (fT4) levels on the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Methods: Women presented for antenatal care at a tertiary hospital in Shanghai, China were included in this study from December 2012 to March 2014. Women were divided into six groups according to the SF and fT4 level. Read More

J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2019 Apr 1:1-5. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Hitit University Faculty of Medicine , Corum , Turkey.

Objective: As only limited and confusing evidence about serum placental growth factor (PlGF) level in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) exist in the known literature, the aim of this study was to evaluate the association of maternal serum PlGF level with GDM status.

Methods: The pregnant women attending the Obstetrics Outpatient Unit of Hitit University Hospital were screened at 24 and 28 weeks of gestation for GDM according to the suggestions of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). Concisely, all of the low-risk pregnant women were evaluated with a 50 g glucose challenge test (GCT). Read More

Nutrients 2019 Mar 29;11(4). Epub 2019 Mar 29.

Copenhagen Diabetes Research Center (CPH-DIRECT), Department of Paediatrics, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev Ringvej 75, 2730 Herlev, Denmark.

Background: Iron overload has been associated with diabetes. Studies on iron exposure during pregnancy and in early life and risk of childhood type 1 diabetes (T1D) are sparse. We investigated whether iron supplementation during pregnancy and early in life were associated with risk of childhood T1D. Read More

Int J Vitam Nutr Res 2019 Apr 1:1-10. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

1 Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Introduction: The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is increasing worldwide. High cholesterol intake may increase the risk of hyperglycemia, yet little research has evaluated the relation between cholesterol or egg as a main source of dietary cholesterol and GDM. We aimed to study this association among pregnant Iranian women. Read More

Can J Diabetes 2019 Feb 18. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada; Endocrine Division, Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada. Electronic address:

Objectives: To compare: 1) 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) in identifying gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and other hyperglycemic statuses in pregnant women; 2) pregnancy outcomes according to glycemic status; and 3) participants' opinions regarding both methods.

Methods: A prospective study in women with a 50 g glucose load test ≥7.2 mmol/L at 24 to 28 weeks' gestation and singleton pregnancy. Read More

Birth Defects Res 2019 Mar 30. Epub 2019 Mar 30.

Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington.

Objectives: Craniofacial microsomia (CFM) is a congenital condition that typically involves hypoplasia of the ear and jaw. It is often associated with adverse effects such as hearing loss and sleep-disordered breathing. There is little research on its etiology. Read More

Sci Rep 2019 Mar 29;9(1):5357. Epub 2019 Mar 29.

Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China.

To date, only three polymorphisms (rs10830962, rs7754840 and rs1470579) are included in the genome-wide association study Catalog ( www.ebi.ac. Read More

J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2019 Apr;29(4):333-336

Department of Healthcare Administration, PNS Hafeez, Naval Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan.

Objective: To evaluate glucose tolerance patterns in pregnant ladies undergoing 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) for comparing fasting, 1-hour, 2-hour post-glucose load results, HbA1c, sum of all glucose readings with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) using International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Group (IADPSG) diagnostic criteria.

Study Design: Cross-sectional analysis.

Place And Duration Of Study: PNS Hafeez, Naval Hospital, Islamabad, from January 2016 to July 2017. Read More

J Clin Med 2019 Mar 28;8(4). Epub 2019 Mar 28.

Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Section of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy.

Fetal exposure to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) seems to stimulate a negative impact on the kidneys. Renal volumes and urinary biomarkers of renal function and tubular impairment and injury were evaluated in 30⁻40-day old newborns of GDM mothers ( = 139) who needed insulin therapy during pregnancy. We found that neonates of mothers who maintained strict control over normoglycemia ( = 65) during pregnancy and fulfilled the other criteria of the GDM management program showed no differences compared to control ( = 55). Read More

Expert Opin Pharmacother 2019 Mar 29:1-7. Epub 2019 Mar 29.

b Diabetes Centre, Second Department of Internal Medicine , Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis , Alexandroupolis , Greece.

Introduction: In women with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), pregnancy is associated with a potential risk of maternal, foetal and neonatal outcomes. Stringent metabolic control is required to improve these outcomes. Areas covered: In this review, the authors summarise the current evidence from studies on the pharmacological therapy and on monitoring of T1DM during pregnancy. Read More

J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2019 Mar 28:1-10. Epub 2019 Mar 28.

a Department of Morphological and Health Sciences , Dietetic Division, Faculty of Physical Culture in Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poznan University of Physical Education , Poznan , Poland.

Purpose: All possible measures should be taken to prevent glucose tolerance disorders and limit their consequences. The aim of this study was to show the relationship between maternal eating habits and the risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Materials And Methods: The nutrition of 55 pregnant women was evaluated using a three-day food record and food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and nutrition of 12 months before pregnancy was assessed only by means of the FFQ. Read More