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J Diabetes 2020 Aug 4. Epub 2020 Aug 4.

Department of Public Health, and Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

Background: Hemoglobin (Hb) measurement is a conventional test during perinatal visit. Hb concentration is related to iron supplement. However, studies focusing on Hb levels, iron supplement and pregnancy outcomes are scarce. Read More

Int J Reprod Biomed (Yazd) 2020 Jun 30;18(6):407-414. Epub 2020 Jun 30.

IVF Department, Bahman Hospital, Tehran, Iran.

Background: The relation of placental gross morphology and the outcome of pregnancies complicated with diabetes mellitus in comparison with healthy pregnancies is not known. Identifying significant differences in pregnancy outcomes in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and healthy pregnancies by the means of morphologic measurements can induce the use of antenatal ultrasonography of placental parameters to predict pregnancy outcomes.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between placental morphological parameters of the placenta and cord and the outcomes of pregnancies complicated with diabetes mellitus. Read More

Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020 6;13:2367-2374. Epub 2020 Jul 6.

Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China.

Objective: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) causes both short- and long-term harm to mothers and fetuses. It is important to predict the occurrence of GDM as early as possible and take adequate measures to prevent it. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between body composition of pregnant women in early pregnancy and the risk of GDM. Read More

BMJ Open 2020 Aug 4;10(8):e037318. Epub 2020 Aug 4.

Academic Unit of Primary Medical Care, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, UK.

Objectives: Previous qualitative research investigating the experiences of women diagnosed with gestational diabetes (GD) has provided important insights into the development of behaviour change interventions. However, these studies often lack a theoretical underpinning. This study explored the use of the capability, opportunity, motivation and behaviour (COM-B) framework (which proposes that individuals need the capability, opportunity and motivation to perform a particular behaviour) to code and the socioecological model to contextualise participant responses to better inform intervention development. Read More

Arch Gynecol Obstet 2020 Aug 3. Epub 2020 Aug 3.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Soroka University Medical Centre, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.

Purpose: Over the past years, the prevalence of various risk factors for small for gestational age (SGA) neonates has changed. Little is known if there was also a change in the specific contribution of these risk factors to the prevalence of SGA. We aim to identify trends in the specific contribution of various risk factors for SGA by observing their odds ratios (ORs) throughout different time periods. Read More

BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2020 Jul;8(1)

Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

Introduction: Several adipokines are implicated in the pathophysiology of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), however, longitudinal data in early pregnancy on many adipokines are lacking. We prospectively investigated the association of a panel of adipokines in early and mid-pregnancy with GDM risk.

Research Design And Methods: Within the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Fetal Growth Studies-Singletons cohort (n=2802), a panel of 10 adipokines (plasma fatty acid binding protein-4 (FABP4), chemerin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), leptin, soluble leptin receptor (sOB-R), adiponectin, omentin-1, vaspin, and retinol binding protein-4) were measured at gestational weeks (GWs) 10-14, 15-26, 23-31, and 33-39 among 107 GDM cases (ascertained on average at GW 27) and 214 non-GDM controls. Read More

Environ Res 2020 Jul 25;190:109988. Epub 2020 Jul 25.

Center for Precision Environmental Health, Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. Electronic address:

Background: There is mixed evidence implicating prenatal exposure to particulate matter <2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM) in the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and only one study has examined exposure to PM constituents, which vary with location because of different emission sources.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of singleton live births in Harris County, Texas from 2008 to 2013. Read More

Pregnancy Hypertens 2020 Jul 28;22:64-70. Epub 2020 Jul 28.

Faculty of Science, University of Prince Edward Island (UPEI), Canada. Electronic address:

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) causes serious complications affecting the mother and fetus. Physical activity (PA) during pregnancy has positive effects on the mother and fetus. The objectives of this study were to assess GMD prevalence in Kuwait, identify its risk factors, and to evaluate its association with PA. Read More

Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2020 Jul 15. Epub 2020 Jul 15.

St George's University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Fetal Medicine Unit, 4th Floor, Lanesborough Wing, Blackshaw Road, Tooting, SW17 0QT, UK. Electronic address:

A wide range of adverse pregnancy outcomes are associated with women of advanced maternal age (AMA). These include increased risks for miscarriage, chromosomal abnormalities, stillbirth, foetal growth restriction, preterm birth, pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus and caesarean section. While a wide body of literature has reported on these risks, varying definitions in both AMA and reported outcomes can make synthesizing the information difficult when counselling an individual women about her specific risks. Read More

Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2020 Jul;41(7):1097-1102

Division of Environmental Health Science, School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between fat mass and obesity associated () gene polymorphism and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and provide clues and basis for the study of GDM mechanism. The case group of GDM pregnant women who delivered at the First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from March 1, 2012 to July 30, 2014 were selected, and matched the control group among non-GDM pregnant women by age, gestational age and residential address, and 324 cases and 318 controls were finally included. DNA was extracted and genotyped, and min test and unconditional logistic regression model were used to estimate the relationship between gene polymorphism and GDM. Read More

Acta Diabetol 2020 Aug 1. Epub 2020 Aug 1.

Diabetology and Dietetics Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy.

Aim: The aim of this study was to examine attendance for early postpartum follow-up among women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and to identify factors that influenced their likelihood of attending.

Methods: One thousand eight hundred and nineteen women with GDM were retrospectively analyzed. During pregnancy, the following data were collected: age, family history of diabetes, ethnicity, prepregnancy BMI, fasting plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin, gestational week of GDM diagnosis, timing and mode of delivery, newborn's birth weight and length. Read More

Environ Res 2020 Jul 30;190:109990. Epub 2020 Jul 30.

Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address:

Background: To investigate the effects of air pollution exposure during pregnancy on the indicators of glucose homeostasis and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Methods: We conducted a birth cohort study in Foshan, China during 2015-2019. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was administered to each participant during pregnancy. Read More

Am J Obstet Gynecol 2020 Jul 30. Epub 2020 Jul 30.

Departments of Computational Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095.

Background: Aberrant fetal programming in gestational diabetes (GDM) appears to increase the risk for obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. The inability to identify accurately GDM in the first trimester has thwarted ascertaining whether early therapeutic interventions reduce the predisposition to these prevalent medical disorders.

Objective: A metabolomics study was conducted to determine whether advanced analytical methods could identify accurate predictors of GDM in early pregnancy. Read More

Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2020 Jul 30:108353. Epub 2020 Jul 30.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mother Infant Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Aims: We assessed how altered diagnostic processes and criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) recommended by the United Kingdom (UK), Canada and Australia for use during the COVID-19 pandemic would affect both GDM frequency and related adverse outcomes.

Methods: Secondary analysis of 5974 HAPO study women with singleton pregnancies who underwent 75g OGTTs and HbA1c assays between 24 and 32 weeks' gestation and who received no treatment for GDM.

Results: All post COVID-19 modified pathways reduced GDM frequency - UK (81%), Canada (82%) and Australia (25%). Read More

Mayo Clin Proc 2020 Jul 28. Epub 2020 Jul 28.

Department of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.

Diabetes is a common metabolic complication of pregnancy and affected women fall into two subgroups: women with pre-existing diabetes and those with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). When pregnancy is affected by diabetes, both mother and infant are at increased risk for multiple adverse outcomes. A multidisciplinary approach to care before, during, and after pregnancy is effective in reducing these risks. Read More

Arch Gynecol Obstet 2020 Jul 30. Epub 2020 Jul 30.

Doctors with Africa CUAMM, Padua, Italy.

Purpose: Modern strategies for the screening and diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) rely on universal Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT). However, they are unsustainable in low-income countries. In this study, we aimed at assessing the feasibility of a simplified diagnostic policy. Read More

J Clin Med 2020 Jul 28;9(8). Epub 2020 Jul 28.

Obstetric Service, Department Woman Mother Child, University Hospital of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.

The objectives of this study were to (a) assess the utility of fetal anthropometric variables to predict the most relevant adverse neonatal outcomes in a treated population with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) beyond the known impact of maternal anthropometric and metabolic parameters and (b) to identify the most important fetal predictors. A total of 189 patients with GDM were included. The fetal predictors included sonographically assessed fetal weight centile (FWC), FWC > 90% and <10%, and fetal abdominal circumference centile (FACC), FACC > 90% and < 10%, at 29 0/7 to 35 6/7 weeks. Read More

J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod 2020 Jul 27:101883. Epub 2020 Jul 27.

Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris Saclay, Clamart, France.

Vitamin D insufficiency is highly prevalent in children and adults including pregnant women. During pregnancy, maternal vitamin D insufficiency could increase risks of several pregnancy complications and adverse birth outcomes. The FEPED study was designed to assess the effects of maternal vitamin D status in the first trimester during pregnancy on risks of preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), preterm birth and small-for-gestational age (SGA) at birth. Read More

Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2020 Jul 30. Epub 2020 Jul 30.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.

Objectives: Diabetes in pregnancy is associated with both structural anomalies of the fetal heart, as well as hypertrophy and functional impairment. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to estimate the effects of maternal diabetes on fetal cardiac function as measured by prenatal echocardiography.

Methods: We performed a search in the EMBASE, MEDLINE and CENTRAL databases from inception to 4 July 2019 for studies evaluating fetal cardiac function by echocardiography in pregnancies affected by diabetes compared to uncomplicated pregnancies. Read More

BJOG 2020 Jul 29. Epub 2020 Jul 29.

Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, Fetal Medicine Research Institute, King's College Hospital, London, UK.

Objective: To determine whether cardiac functional and structural changes in fetuses of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) persist in the offspring beyond the neonatal period.

Design: Longitudinal study SETTING: Fetal Medicine Unit in a UK teaching hospital METHODS: 73 women with GDM and 73 women with uncomplicated pregnancy were recruited and fetal cardiac scans were performed at 35-36 weeks' gestation. Repeat echocardiogram was performed in their offspring during infancy. Read More

BJOG 2020 Jul 28. Epub 2020 Jul 28.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, PO box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands.

Objective: To evaluate the association between deferred delivery in early-onset preeclampsia and offspring outcome and maternal cardiovascular, renal and metabolic function in the postpartum period.

Design: Observational study SETTING: Tertiary referral hospital POPULATION: Nulliparous women diagnosed with preeclampsia before 34 weeks' gestation, who participated in a routine postpartum cardiovascular risk assessment program. Women with hypertension, diabetes mellitus or renal disease prior to pregnancy were excluded. Read More

Acta Diabetol 2020 Jul 28. Epub 2020 Jul 28.

Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.

Aims: We aimed to investigate associations between pre-pregnancy obesity, gestational diabetes (GDM), offspring body composition, and left ventricular diastolic and systolic function in early childhood.

Methods: This is an observational study, including 201 mother-child pairs originating from the Finnish Gestational Diabetes Prevention Study (RADIEL; 96 with GDM, 128 with pre-pregnancy obesity) with follow-up from gestation to 6-year postpartum. Follow-up included dyads anthropometrics, body composition, blood pressure, and child left ventricular function with comprehensive echocardiography (conventional and strain imaging). Read More

Diabetologia 2020 Jul 29. Epub 2020 Jul 29.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.

Aims/hypothesis: The aim of this work was to examine the progression to type 1 and type 2 diabetes after gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in a 23 year follow-up study.

Methods: We carried out a cohort study of 391 women with GDM diagnosed by an OGTT or the use of insulin treatment during pregnancy, and 391 age- and parity-matched control participants, who delivered in 1984-1994 at the Oulu University Hospital, Finland. Diagnostic cut-off levels for glucose were as follows: fasting, ≥4. Read More

Cad Saude Publica 2020 24;36(7):e00149420. Epub 2020 Jul 24.

Programa de Computação Científica, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

The study aims to describe patients hospitalized for severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) due to COVID-19 (SARI-COVID) in Brazil according to demographic characteristics and comorbidities up to the 21st Epidemiological Week of 2020. The study aimed to compare these characteristics with those of patients hospitalized for SARI due to influenza in 2019/2020 (SARI-FLU) and with the Brazilian general population. The proportions of demographic characteristics, comorbidities, and pregnant and postpartum women among patients hospitalized for SARI-COVID and SARI-FLU were obtained from the SIVEP-Gripe database, and the estimates for the Brazilian population were obtained from the population projections performed by Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, Information System on Live Birth data, and nationwide surveys. Read More

J Diabetes Res 2020 14;2020:6450352. Epub 2020 Jul 14.

Research Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Genetic Diseases, The Affiliated Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214002, China.

Gestational diabetes mellitus is a progressive and complex pregnancy complication, which threatens both maternal and fetal health. It is urgent to screen for specific biomarkers for early diagnosis and precise treatment, as well as to identify key moleculars to better understand the pathogenic mechanisms. In the present review, we comprehensively summarized recent studies of gestational diabetes using mass spectrometry-based proteomic technologies. Read More

J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2020 Jul 28:1-8. Epub 2020 Jul 28.

Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.

Objectives: This study aimed to identify which element of body composition measurements taken before 17th week gestation was the strongest risk factor for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Chinese pregnant women.

Design And Setting: A retrospective study was performed using data retrieved from the Electronic Medical Record database of Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children (China) from January 2014 to December 2015.

Participants: A total of 22,223 women were included with singleton pregnancies and no preexisting diabetes who underwent bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) before 17 gestational weeks and 75-g OGTT at 24-28 gestational weeks. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2020 Jul 25;21(15). Epub 2020 Jul 25.

Mother Infant Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, 800 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA.

Inorganic phosphate (P) is an essential nutrient that fulfills critical roles in human health. It enables skeletal ossification, supports cellular structure and organelle function, and serves key biochemical roles in energetics and molecular signaling. P homeostasis is modulated through diet, intestinal uptake, renal reabsorption, and mobilization of stores in bone and extracellular compartments. Read More

Matern Child Nutr 2020 Jul 28:e13064. Epub 2020 Jul 28.

Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.

Single nucleotide polymorphisms and pre- and peri-conception folic acid (FA) supplementation and dietary data were used to identify one-carbon metabolic factors associated with pregnancy outcomes in 3196 nulliparous women. In 325 participants, we also measured circulating folate, vitamin B12 and homocysteine. Pregnancy outcomes included preeclampsia (PE), gestational hypertension (GHT), small for gestational age (SGA), spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Read More

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2020 Jul 27;20(1):422. Epub 2020 Jul 27.

Shunde Women and Children's Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Shunde, 528399, Guangdong Province, China.

Background: To examine the differences between pregnant women who underwent embryo transfer (ET) and those who conceived naturally, as well as differences in their respective babies, and to determine the causes for these differences, to provide recommendations for women who are planning to undergo ET.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed of women who had received ET and those who had natural conception (NC) who received medical services during pregnancy and had their babies delivered at the Shunde Women and Children's Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, China between January 2016 and December 2018. In line with the requirements of the ethics committee, before the formal investigation, we first explained the content of the informed consent of the patient to the patient, and all the subjects included agreed to the content of the informed consent of the patient. Read More

Environ Int 2020 Jul 24;143:105952. Epub 2020 Jul 24.

Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; The Institute of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Shanghai, China. Electronic address:

Background: Long-chain per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and their short-chain alternatives have been produced and used extensively in China. However, it is unclear whether these compounds contribute to the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in women residing in contaminated areas.

Objective: The study was performed to explore the association between PFASs varying in chain length and the risk of developing GDM. Read More

Syst Biol Reprod Med 2020 Jul 27:1-9. Epub 2020 Jul 27.

The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University , Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.

Male diabetes mellitus (DM) can affect erectile function and sperm quality. In severe cases, DM can lead to retrograde or no ejaculation, so testicular sperm aspiration (TESA) is combined with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) to treat subfertility and infertility for DM couples. However, the effect of TESA upon ICSI (TESA-ICSI) for DM patients remains unclear. Read More

Obstet Med 2020 Jun 8;13(2):92-95. Epub 2018 Sep 8.

Central and Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Services (CNARTS), Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia.

Simultaneous kidney-pancreas transplantation can successfully restore fertility in women with type 1 diabetes mellitus and kidney failure. There have been few cases of pregnancy after simultaneous kidney-pancreas transplantation, and a second pregnancy is rare. We report a case of two live births in rapid succession in a simultaneous kidney-pancreas transplantation recipient, complicated by pre-eclampsia but with excellent fetal and graft outcomes. Read More

Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2020 Jul 26. Epub 2020 Jul 26.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Wenzhou, 325000, China.

Objective: Maternal vitamin D deficiency is associated with glucose and lipid metabolism in the mother and offspring. Meanwhile, it can also lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes. The aim of this case-control study was to document maternal, umbilical arterial glucose and lipid metabolic levels and correlations in pregnancies with or without vitamin D deficiency, while also investigating adverse pregnancy outcomes. Read More

Endocrine 2020 Jul 24. Epub 2020 Jul 24.

Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.

Purpose: Several meta-analyses of observational studies revealed a modest increase in the risk of gestational diabetes (GDM) among pregnant women with low levels of serum vitamin D. However, no study examined a dose-response meta-analysis as well as a high versus low analysis in this regard.

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, ISI Web of Science, and Scopus up to August 2019 to find prospective observational studies investigating the association of serum 25(OH)D with the risk of developing GDM. Read More

J Clin Med 2020 Jul 17;9(7). Epub 2020 Jul 17.

Clinical Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine III, Gender Medicine Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.

Secretagogin (SCGN) is a calcium binding protein related to insulin release in the pancreas. Although SCGN is not co-released with insulin, plasma concentrations have been found to be increased in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Until now, no study on SCGN levels in pregnancy or patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been published. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020 Jul 19;17(14). Epub 2020 Jul 19.

Center for Big Data Analytics and Statistics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.

To evaluate labor and delivery complications and delivery modes between physicians and white-collar workers in Taiwan, this retrospective population-based study used data from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. We compared 1530 physicians aged 25 to 50 years old who worked and had singleton births between 2007 and 2013 with 3060 white-collar workers matched by age groups, groups of monthly insured payroll-related premiums, previous cesarean delivery, perinatal history anemia, and gestational diabetes mellitus. The logistic regression models were used to assess the labor and delivery complications between the two groups. Read More

PLoS One 2020 24;15(7):e0236408. Epub 2020 Jul 24.

Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health & Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States of America.

Aims: To assess the impact of a culturally modified, motivationally targeted, individually-tailored intervention on postpartum physical activity (PA) and PA self-efficacy among Hispanic women.

Methods: Estudio PARTO was a randomized controlled trial conducted in Western Massachusetts from 2013-17. Hispanic women who screened positive for gestational diabetes mellitus were randomized to a Lifestyle Intervention (LI, n = 100) or to a comparison Health and Wellness (HW, n = 104) group during late pregnancy. Read More

Arch Gynecol Obstet 2020 Jul 23. Epub 2020 Jul 23.

School of Medicine, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

Purpose: To investigate the association between maternal HBsAg-positive status and pregnancy outcomes.

Methods: The study enrolled women with singleton pregnancies who delivered during January-December 2018. Data of maternal demographics and main adverse pregnancy outcomes were collected from the institutional medical records and analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression models to determine the association between maternal HBV markers (HBsAg/HBeAg/HBV-DNA loads status) and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Read More

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2020 Jul 23;20(1):418. Epub 2020 Jul 23.

Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Background: Medical screening detects risk factors for disease or presence of disease in otherwise well persons in order to intervene early and reduce morbidity and mortality. During antenatal care (ANC) it is important to detect conditions that complicate pregnancy, like gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Despite international and local guidelines recommending screening for GDM during ANC, there is evidence to suggest that the practice was not being carried out adequately. Read More

J Diabetes Investig 2020 Jul 23. Epub 2020 Jul 23.

Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, 123 Tianfei Road, Nanjing, 210004, China.

Aims/introduction: To investigate the changes in the gut microbiome in the second trimester of pregnancy associated with later-diagnosed gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and their relationship with fasting serum levels of metabolites, especially glucose.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a case-control study with 110 GDM patients and 220 normal pregnant women who provided fecal samplesfor16SrRNA sequencing in the second trimester of pregnancy.

Results: Our results indicated that GDM patients had lower α diversity that was significantly associated with glycemic traits. Read More

BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2020 Jul;8(1)

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yokohama City University Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.

Introduction: This study aimed to assess the validity of applying the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Group (IADPSG) criteria for the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) at any time during pregnancy.

Research Design And Methods: This multicenter cohort study was conducted at five Japanese facilities from January 2018 to April 2019. The study cohort included women at a high risk of GDM who met one or more of the following IADPSG criteria during early pregnancy: fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≥92 mg/dL and 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) value of ≥180 mg/dL at 1 hour, or ≥153 mg/dL at 2 hour (hereafter early-onset GDM). Read More

Aging (Albany NY) 2020 Jul 22;12. Epub 2020 Jul 22.

College of Medicine, Biological Sciences and Psychology, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a metabolic disease that can have long-term adverse effects on the cognitive function of mothers. In our study, we explored the changes in metabolic health and cognitive function in mice of middle- and old- age after exposure to GDM, and whether metformin therapy during pregnancy provided long-term benefits.

Results: Mice with GDM demonstrated significant cognitive impairment in old age, which was associated with insulin resistance. Read More

J Perinat Neonatal Nurs 2020 Jul/Sep;34(3):195-198

Departments of Medicine, Division of Academic Internal Medicine and Geriatrics (Drs Man and Tussing-Humphreys), Bioengineering, College of Medicine (Dr Bernabe), and Psychiatry, College of Medicine (Ms Nagelli), University of Illinois at Chicago; and Department of Women, Children, and Family Health Science, College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago (Dr Koenig).

Current nonpharmacological approaches, including diet and exercise interventions, for preventing and treating gestational diabetes mellitus are effective for less than 50% of women. Recent evidence suggests that the gut microbiome is integrally involved in maternal glucose homeostasis. Changes to the composition and metabolic behavior of the gut microbiota may play a role in the development and persistence of gestational diabetes mellitus. Read More

Braz J Med Biol Res 2020 17;53(9):e9633. Epub 2020 Jul 17.

Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

Fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus (FT1DM) has received clinical attention for its low incidence and poor prognosis. Currently, few cases of FT1DM are associated with pregnancy in clinical practice, but it poses a great threat to the life of mothers and infants. Here, we present two cases of FT1DM in pregnancy. Read More

Am J Reprod Immunol 2020 Jul 21:e13311. Epub 2020 Jul 21.

Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a Cooperation between the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, AG GlycoImmunology, the Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

Problem: From conception, a delicate regulation of galectins, a family of carbohydrate-binding proteins, is established to ensure maternal immune tolerance in pregnancy. Though galectin-3 (gal-3), the only chimera-type galectin, is abundantly expressed at the feto-maternal interface; the physiological role of this lectin during pregnancy remains to be fully elucidated and requires further investigation.

Method Of Study: In this study, we analyzed serum gal-3 levels during the course of healthy gestation. Read More

Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2020 Jul 20. Epub 2020 Jul 20.

Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, Fetal Medicine Research Institute, King's College Hospital, London, UK.

Objective: To assess differences in morphology and cardiac function in fetuses of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) compared to controls and to assess whether in women with GDM fetal cardiac changes are accentuated with advancing gestational age.

Methods: We studied 112 women with GDM and 224 women with uncomplicated pregnancy at 24-40 weeks' gestation. In all fetuses, a standard four chamber oblique view was obtained and offline speckle tracking analysis was performed to measure right and left global endocardial longitudinal strain and tricuspid and mitral annular plane systolic excursion. Read More

Obstet Gynecol Sci 2020 Jul 24;63(4):440-447. Epub 2020 Jun 24.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate trends in the rate of cesarean sections (CSs) in South Korea from 2006 to 2015 and identify the risk factors associated with these changes.

Methods: Using the National Health Insurance Corporation dataset, all women who gave birth between 2006 and 2015 were included in the study. We investigated 1) the mode of delivery, 2) the complication rates during pregnancy (i. Read More

Obstet Gynecol Sci 2020 Jul 1;63(4):407-416. Epub 2020 Jul 1.

Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common pregnancy-associated metabolic disorder that is steadily increasing worldwide. Early diagnosis of pregnant women susceptible to GDM is the first step for deploying effective preventive treatment to reduce maternal, fetal, and neonatal complications. The diagnostic process of GDM is still controversial and interleukin-6 (IL-6) is one of the most recent markers used for the diagnosis of GDM. Read More

Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2020 Jul 20. Epub 2020 Jul 20.

Institute of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases in Alpine Environment of Plateau, Characteristic medical center of the Chinese people's Armed Police Force.

Destruction of endothelial cells (ECs) function isinvolved in the structural and functional pathophysiological processes of preeclampsia (PE). Vascular endothelial injury may pre-exist for several years in women that develop PE and may pose increased risks for hypertension, coronary artery disease, and type-2 diabetes mellitus. Previous findings showed that Elabela , the endogenous ligand of the apelin (APJ) receptor expressed mainly on ECs, may play a protective role in early pregnancy and prevent PE. Read More

J Ultrasound Med 2020 Jul 20. Epub 2020 Jul 20.

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil.

Objectives: To evaluate ophthalmic Doppler velocimetry patterns in pregnant women with pregestational diabetes mellitus with and without retinopathy in comparison to pregnant women without gestational intercurrences.

Methods: This cross-sectional observational study analyzed Doppler indices of the ophthalmic arteries, including the resistive index (RI), pulsatility index, peak systolic velocity, second peak systolic velocity, peak ratio, and end-diastolic velocity (EDV), in 3 groups of pregnant women: diabetic with retinopathy (n = 12); diabetic without retinopathy (n = 85); and nondiabetic controls (n = 122). The Kruskal-Wallis test was used for the statistical analysis with a probability of 95%. Read More