Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

PLoS One 2019 14;14(2):e0212329. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Division of Gastroenterology, First Department of Medicine, University of Pécs, Medical School, Pécs, Hungary.

Background And Aims: Experimental data suggest that the HLA-DQ2 gene dose has a strong quantitative effect on clinical outcomes and severity of celiac disease (CD). We aimed to conduct a meta-analysis with systematic review to investigate the association between HLA-DQB1*02 gene doses and the characteristics of CD.

Methods: We searched seven medical databases for studies discussing HLA-DQB1 gene dose in CD and various disease characteristics, such as clinical presentation, histology, age at diagnosis, and comorbidities. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2019 Feb 12;20(3). Epub 2019 Feb 12.

Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, University of Ulm, D-89019 Ulm, Germany.

In the state of insulin deficiency, the growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor-I (GH⁻IGF-I) axis is altered due to hepatic GH resistance, which leads to GH hypersecretion and low circulating IGF-I concentration. On the other hand, both growth hormone deficiency (GHD) and GH excess have significant influence on carbohydrate metabolism. These complex interactions are challenging in diagnosing GHD in subjects with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and in treating subjects with T1DM with GH. Read More

Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2012 Jul;7(4):433-443

a Seattle Children's Hospital, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, 4800 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.

Up to 70% of children with new-onset Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) present with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), with most cases initially assessed by their primary care provider. DKA is the most common cause of death in children with T1DM, mainly related to cerebral edema that occurs at a frequency of 0.15-4. Read More

Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2008 Jan;3(1):51-60

b Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto. University of São Paulo, CEP 14048-900, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) results from the autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells. The autoimmune response begins years before the presentation of hyperglycemic symptoms. At the time of clinical diagnosis, less than 30% of β-cell mass still remains. Read More

Korean J Ophthalmol 2019 Feb;33(1):46-53

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Purpose: To investigate the risk factors of diabetic nephropathy in patients with diabetic retinopathy requiring panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) and the visual prognosis.

Methods: A retrospective review of electronic medical records was conducted at Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, comprising 103 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic retinopathy who underwent PRP from 1996 to 2005. Read More

Drug Discov Today 2019 Feb 6. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou Campus, 15780 Athens, Greece. Electronic address:

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a disorder that decimates pancreatic β-cells which produce insulin. Direct pancreatic islet transplantation cannot serve as a widespread therapeutic modality owing to the need for lifelong immunosuppression and donor shortage. Therefore, several encapsulation techniques have been developed to enclose the islets in semipermeable vehicles that will allow oxygen and nutrient input as well as insulin, other metabolites and waste output, while accomplishing immunoisolation. Read More

SAGE Open Med Case Rep 2019 31;7:2050313X19827734. Epub 2019 Jan 31.

Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Occurrence of early nephrotic syndrome in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients is extremely rare. Herein, we report the case of a 12-year-old boy who presented to our pediatric nephrology clinic with generalized edema. He had been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus at age 9 and had been treated with regular insulin. Read More

Telemed J E Health 2019 Feb 6. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

1 Graduate Program in Applied Computing, Institute of Exact Sciences and Geosciences, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil.

Background: In the daily routine of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), the patients deal with many data and consider many variables to perform actions, decisions, and regimen adjustments. There is a need to apply filtering techniques to extract relevant information and provide appropriate data visualization methods to assist in clinical tasks and decision making.

Objective: To present Soins DM, a mobile health tool, for monitoring the linkage among treatment factors of T1DM with an interactive data visualization approach. Read More

Acad Radiol 2019 Jan 29. Epub 2019 Jan 29.

Bernal Institute, School of Engineering, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94T9PX, Ireland; Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94T9PX, Ireland.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is characterized by hyperglycemia, owing to the loss of pancreatic β cells in response to an autoimmune reaction leading to a state of absolute insulin deficiency. T1DM treatment is shifting from exogenous insulin replacement therapy toward pancreatic β-cell replacement, to restore physiologically responsive insulin secretion to variations in blood glucose levels. β-cell replacement strategies include human whole pancreas transplantation, islet transplantation with cell encapsulation and bioengineered pancreas. Read More

Am J Stem Cells 2018 1;7(5):104-113. Epub 2018 Dec 1.

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center 3900 Reservoir Road NW, Washington DC 20007, USA.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disorder in which the body destroys its pancreatic β cells. Since these cells are responsible for insulin production, dysfunction or destruction of these cells necessitates blood glucose control through exogenous insulin shots. Curative treatment involves pancreas transplantation, but due to the incidence of transplant rejection and complications associated with immunosuppression, alternatives are being explored. Read More

J Family Community Med 2019 Jan-Apr;26(1):57-60

Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.

With a concomitant increase in immune-related diseases such as allergic diseases, Type 1 diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease and other immune-related responses such as immunodeficiency, various infectious, diseases, vaccines, and malignancies, it has become very important to have a well-balanced and properly functioning immune system for the maintenance of human health. Recent scientific research has strongly suggested propolis as one of the most promising immunomodulation agents. This review describes recent findings with respect to propolis and its ingredients that show potential in this respect and evaluate their potential mechanisms. Read More

Diabetes Metab J 2019 Jan 21. Epub 2019 Jan 21.

Divison of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Background: A latent cytomegalovirus (CMV) cause chronic inflammation through undesirable inflation of cell-mediated immune response. CMV immunoglobulin G has been associated with cardiovascular disease and type 1 diabetes mellitus. We evaluated impact of CMV diseases on new-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Read More

Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2019 Feb 24;28(2):234-243. Epub 2019 Jan 24.

Global Epidemiology, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, USA.

Purpose: To develop and validate algorithms to classify diabetes type in newly diagnosed pediatric patients with DM.

Method: Data from the United States Department of Defense health system were used to identify patients aged 10 to 18 years with incident DM. Two independent sets of 200 children were randomly sampled for algorithm development and validation. Read More

J Cell Physiol 2019 Jan 21. Epub 2019 Jan 21.

Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China.

Type 1 regulatory T (Tr1) cell is a special type of T regulatory cells with surface molecular markers such as lymphocyte-activation gene 3 and CD49b. A key property of Tr1 cells is the capability to produce high-level interleukin 10 (IL-10) upon activation, in a FOXP3-independent manner. The immunosuppressive function of IL-10 producing Tr1 cells has been extensively studied for many years. Read More

Indian J Community Med 2018 Oct-Dec;43(4):316-319

Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Venkateshwar Hospital, New Delhi, India.

Background: In spite of the large number of people with Type-1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in India, India is not a diabetes-friendly society. The society suffers from lots of myths regarding diabetes and insulin use. This review highlights challenges faced by young people living with T1DM with regards to marriage, associated diabetes distress, and suggests potential solutions. Read More

Rev Med Microbiol 2019 Jan 1;30(1):1-17. Epub 2018 Nov 1.

Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy.

There are 425 million people with diabetes mellitus in the world. By 2045, this figure will grow to over 600 million. Diabetes mellitus is classified among noncommunicable diseases. Read More

Endocr Rev 2019 Jan 14. Epub 2019 Jan 14.

R. Paul Robertson, M.D. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.

Thyroid dysfunction and diabetes mellitus are closely linked. Several studies have documented the increased prevalence of thyroid disorders in patients with diabetes mellitus and viceversa. This review critically discusses the different underlying mechanisms linking type 1 and 2 diabetes and thyroid dysfunction to demonstrate that the association of these two common disorders is unlikely a simple coincidence. Read More

Curr Diabetes Rev 2019 Jan 15. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

School of Pharmacy, Taylor's University, 1, Jalan Taylors, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor. Malaysia.

Background: The incidence of diabetes is increasing steeply; the number of diabetics has doubled over the past three decades. Surprisingly, the knowledge of type 3c diabetes mellitus (T3cDM) is still unclear to the researchers, scientist and medical practitioners, leading towards erroneous diagnosis, which is sometimes misdiagnosed as type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), or more frequently type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This review is aimed to outline recent information on the etiology, pathophysiology, diagnostic procedures, and therapeutic management of T3cDM patients. Read More

BMC Endocr Disord 2019 Jan 10;19(1). Epub 2019 Jan 10.

University of Nottingham, School of Health Sciences, Nottingham, UK.

Background: The role of technology in the self-management of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) among children and young people is not well understood. Interventions should aim to improve key diabetes self-management behaviours (self-management of blood glucose, insulin administration, physical activity and dietary behaviours) and prerequisites (psychological outcomes and HbA1c) highlighted in the UK guidelines of the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) for management of T1DM. The purpose was to identify evidence to assess the effectiveness of technological tools in promoting aspects of these guidelines amongst children and young people. Read More

Diabetol Metab Syndr 2019 3;11. Epub 2019 Jan 3.

5Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.

Introduction: Strict glucose control using multiple doses of insulin is the standard treatment for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), but increased risk of hypoglycemia is a frequent drawback. Regular insulin in multiple doses is important for achieving strict glycemic control for T1DM, but short-acting insulin analogues may be better in reducing hypoglycemia and postprandial glucose levels.

Objective: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the effects of short-acting insulin analogues regular human insulin on hypoglycemia and postprandial glucose in patients with T1DM. Read More

Saudi Med J 2019 Jan;40(1):9-18

Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail.

Objectives: To perform a meta-analysis for celiac diseases (CD) among at-risk populations in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), as well as a comparison with our previously reported meta-analysis in the normal population.

Methods: In March 2018, at King Abdulaziz University,  Jeddah, KSA we commenced a retrospective comprehensive database and journal search for CD among at-risk populations in SA. Data from each of the relevant articles were analyzed using the  Statistical Package for Social Science Version 20 (Armonk, NY: IBM Corp. Read More

Drugs 2019 Jan;79(1):43-61

Benaroya Research Institute, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA.

The novel understanding that the presence of multiple islet autoantibodies, indicating islet autoimmunity, inevitably leads to type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has necessitated the development of a new staging classification system for the condition. Coupled with an improved understanding of the disease course, the realization that T1DM appears to be more heterogeneous than previously thought has led to unique opportunities to develop more targeted therapies that may be applied even before the onset of dysglycemia or symptoms. To date, several therapies have been trialed to delay or halt disease progression in both presymptomatic and clinical T1DM, each demonstrating varying degrees of effectiveness, toxicity, and utility. Read More

Biochemistry 2019 Jan 17;58(4):214-233. Epub 2019 Jan 17.

Department of Chemistry , Boston University , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States.

The clinical onset of type 1 diabetes is characterized by the destruction of the insulin-producing β cells of the pancreas and is caused by autoantigen-induced inflammation (insulitis) of the islets of Langerhans. The current standard of care for type 1 diabetes mellitus patients allows for management of the disease with exogenous insulin, but patients eventually succumb to many chronic complications such as limb amputation, blindness, and kidney failure. New therapeutic approaches now on the horizon are looking beyond glycemic management and are evaluating new strategies from protecting and regenerating endogenous islets to treating the underlying autoimmunity through selective modulation of key immune cell populations. Read More

Tissue Eng Regen Med 2018 Dec 2;15(6):699-709. Epub 2018 Aug 2.

Department of Life Sciences (R&D), Datt Mediproducts Pvt. Ltd., Roz Ka Meo Industrial Area, Nuh, District Mewat, Haryana 122103 India.

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a major health concern in current scenario which has been found to affect people of almost all ages. The disease has huge impact on global health; therefore, alternate methods apart from insulin injection are being explored to cure diabetes. Therefore, this review mainly focuses on the current status and therapeutic potential of stem cells mainly mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for Type 1 diabetes mellitus in preclinical animal models as well as humans. Read More

Diabetol Int 2018 May 9;9(2):108-112. Epub 2018 Mar 9.

Division of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, Wakayama 641-8509 Japan.

Both diabetes mellitus and thyroid diseases are very common in the fields of endocrinology and metabolism. Coexistence of diabetes mellitus and thyroid diseases are frequently experienced. However, higher prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes compared with non-diabetics have been reported. Read More

Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2018 Dec 21. Epub 2018 Dec 21.

Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Department of Maternal and Infantile Health, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.

We provide an overview on the current knowledge about the association between epilepsy and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). People with T1DM have a 2-6-fold higher risk of epilepsy than the general population. The onset of T1DM anticipates the onset of epilepsy by a mean period between 1,5 and 2,8 years. Read More

J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2018 Dec 28. Epub 2018 Dec 28.

Program for Pregnancy and Postpartum Health, Physical Activity and Diabetes Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB; Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB; Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB. Electronic address:

Objective: This study sought to examine the effect of prenatal exercise on birth outcomes in women with pre-gestational diseases, including chronic hypertension, type 1 diabetes, and type 2 diabetes.

Methods: A structured search of online databases up to June 8, 2018 was conducted. Studies of all designs and languages were included if they contained information on the population (pregnant women with pre-gestational diseases), intervention (subjective or objective measures of frequency, intensity, duration, volume, or type of exercise), comparator (no exercise or different frequency, intensity, duration, volume, or type of exercise), and outcome (birth weight, macrosomia [birth weight >4000 g], large for gestational age (LGA) low birth weight [<2500 g], small for gestational age (SGA) [<10th percentile], Apgar score, preterm birth [<37 weeks], CS, preeclampsia, and glycemic control). Read More

Stem Cell Investig 2018 14;5:40. Epub 2018 Nov 14.

Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Background: There is a general agreement that to ensure promising results of stem cell therapy in patients with diabetes, one must first understand its risks and benefits; thus, if the risk is sufficiently low along with many benefits, it can lead to developing a novel therapeutic approach based on sound science.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed using all available clinical trials to determine the benefits and risks associated with stem cell therapy in patients with diabetes (both T1DM and T2DM). An extensive search was conducted across several databases using all MeSH words regarding stem cell therapy and diabetes. Read More

World J Exp Med 2018 Nov 30;8(3):18-23. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

1 Department of Internal Medicine and Diabetes Center, Tzaneio General Hospital of Piraeus, Athens 18536, Greece.

Oxidative stress stemming from tissue exposure to constant hyperglycemia is one of the major pathogenetic pathways of diabetic macro- and microvascular complications. Diabetic polyneuropathy, commonly manifesting as distal, symmetrical sensorimotor polyneuropathy, is characterized by progressive severity of symptoms, with rates analogous to the quality of glycemic control achieved by the patients and physicians. Palliative care with analgesics and aggressive glycemic control often improve quality of life in the absence of causative treatment. Read More

Molecules 2018 Dec 24;24(1). Epub 2018 Dec 24.

Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic autoimmune disease associated with degeneration of pancreatic β-cells that results in an inability to produce insulin and the need for exogenous insulin administration. It is a significant global health problem as the incidence of this disorder is increasing worldwide. The causes are still poorly understood, although it certainly has genetic and environmental origins. Read More

Transplant Proc 2018 Dec 29;50(10):4087-4089. Epub 2018 May 29.

Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN. Electronic address:

Background: Vascular complications represent the most common cause of early graft failure after pancreatic transplantation (PT). Pseudoaneurysms are uncommon vascular complications that usually present within the first year post transplantation.

Case Report: A 49-year-old man with history of type 1 diabetes mellitus presented for evaluation with a 2-day history of painless hematochezia. Read More

Diabetes Metab J 2018 Dec;42(6):451-464

Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy.

Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by a less intensive autoimmune process and a broad clinical phenotype compared to classical type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), sharing features with both type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and T1DM. Since patients affected by LADA are initially insulin independent and recognizable only by testing for islet-cell autoantibodies, it could be difficult to identify LADA in clinical setting and a high misdiagnosis rate still remains among patients with T2DM. Ideally, islet-cell autoantibodies screening should be performed in subjects with newly diagnosed T2DM, ensuring a closer monitoring of those resulted positive and avoiding treatment of hyperglycaemia which might increase the rate of β-cells loss. Read More

Seizure 2019 Jan 5;64:59-64. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Achterweg 5, Heemstede, 2103SW, Netherlands; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom; Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Chalfont St Peter, Bucks, SL9 0RJ, United Kingdom.

The risk of epileptic seizures seems increased in several systemic autoimmune disorders including systemic lupus erythematosus, type 1 diabetes mellitus, myasthenia gravis, celiac disease, rheumatoid arthritis, Hashimoto's encephalopathy, psoriasis, multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica, and bullous pemphigoid. Immune dysfunction may be partly responsible for this association. Elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, autoantibodies seen in these autoimmune disorders and antibodies against neuronal antigens may contribute to the etiopathogenesis of seizures and epilepsy associated to immune conditions. Read More

Acta Biomed 2018 Dec 17;89(9-S):11-16. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.

Chronic autoimmune thyroid disease or Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) and Graves-Basedow disease (GD) are the main autoimmune thyroid diseases in pediatric age. Both are characterized by the production of anti-thyroid antibodies, by an infiltration of autoreactive B and T lymphocytes into the thyroid parenchyma and by alterations in thyroid function (hyperthyroidism in GD, normal function or subclinical hypothyroidism in HT with possible evolution towards manifest hypothyroidism). Celiac disease (CD) is a systemic autoimmune disease caused by gluten ingestion in genetically predisposed subjects, its prevalence is around 1% in Western Countries. Read More

Clin Immunol 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China. Electronic address:

Autoimmune disease (AID) is a condition in which the immune system breaks down and starts to attack the body. Some common AIDs include rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, type 1 diabetes mellitus and so forth. The changes in T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire have been found in several autoimmune diseases, and may be responsible for the breakdown of peripheral immune tolerance. Read More

Exp Ther Med 2018 Dec 19;16(6):4479-4492. Epub 2018 Sep 19.

Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China.

The efficacy of stem cell (SC) transplantation in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has remained to be fully elucidated. In the present study, a systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to determine the clinical outcomes. Electronic databases, including PubMed, MEDLINE, WanFang and the Cochrane Library were screened for relevant studies published until January 13, 2018. Read More

Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Electronic address:

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease affecting 3 million individuals in the U.S. The pathogenesis of T1DM is driven by immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, the source of glucose regulator insulin. Read More

Pregnancy Hypertens 2018 Oct 7;14:49-54. Epub 2018 Apr 7.

Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, Cuenca, Spain.

Objective: To examine the relationship between the increase of glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels and the risk of preeclampsia in pregnant with type 1 diabetes mellitus; and to determine from which trimester the increase of HbA1c levels better predicts the risk of suffering preeclampsia in type 1 diabetic pregnant women.

Methods: We systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Web of Science databases, from inception to May 2017, for observational studies addressing the association of HbA1c levels with preeclampsia. Fixed effects models were used to compute pooled estimates of odds ratio (OR) and respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for preeclampsia in type 1 diabetic pregnant women. Read More

Eur J Endocrinol 2019 Feb;180(2):135-144

Department of Internal Medicine, Section Endocrinology & Metabolism.

Introduction The association between type 1 diabetes (T1D) and other auto-immune diseases is well known. However, a quantitative overview of all associated auto-immune diseases and their prevalence in T1D is lacking. Methods We searched PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE and Cochrane library in September 2018 to identify relevant articles about the prevalence of the following associated auto-immune diseases in T1D cohorts: auto-immune thyroid disease, celiac disease, gastric autoimmunity including pernicious anemia, vitiligo and adrenal gland insufficiency. Read More

Nat Rev Endocrinol 2019 Mar;15(3):155-171

Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.

Diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial disease affecting increasing numbers of patients worldwide. Progression to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is characterized by the loss or dysfunction of pancreatic β-cells, but the pathomechanisms underlying β-cell failure in type 1 diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus are still poorly defined. Regeneration of β-cell mass from residual islet cells or replacement by β-like cells derived from stem cells holds great promise to stop or reverse disease progression. Read More

Mol Aspects Med 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria. Electronic address:

Early pregnancy is characterized by a series of complex and tightly regulated events to ultimately establish implantation and early placental development. One of the key events is the opening of the decidual spiral arteries into the intervillous space. It leads to a rise in oxygen tension in the intervillous space and the placenta and will induce transcriptional and translational changes of oxygen-sensitive molecules including antioxidants. Read More

Am J Stem Cells 2018 1;7(4):82-93. Epub 2018 Oct 1.

Division of Endocrinology, Georgetown University Washington, DC 20007, USA.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are widely prevalent metabolic diseases with differing pathologies. T1DM manifests due to autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic beta cells, resulting in a diminished secretion of insulin. T2DM originates from a state of insulin resistance, resulting in hyperglycemia and reduction in beta cell mass. Read More

BMC Health Serv Res 2018 Nov 27;18(1):898. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

School of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Dundee, 11 Airlie Place, Dundee, DD1 4HJ, Scotland.

Background: People with type 1 diabetes who attend structured education training in self-management using flexible intensive therapy achieve improved blood glucose control and experience fewer episodes of severe hypoglycaemia. However, many struggle to sustain these improvements over time. To inform the design of more effective follow-up support we undertook a review of qualitative studies which have identified factors that influence and inform participants' self-management behaviours after attending structured education and their need for support to sustain improvements in glycaemic control. Read More

Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2019 Jan 24;147:87-92. Epub 2018 Nov 24.

Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo 183-8561, Japan. Electronic address:

Aims: There are as yet no cohort studies of hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes before starting insulin therapy. Our aim was to determine the frequency and clinical features of hypoglycemia in patients with type 1A diabetes prior to commencing insulin therapy.

Methods: Eighty-seven patients with type 1A diabetes were enrolled, and a retrospective chart review of the patients was conducted. Read More

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2018 Nov 21;6(11):e12237. Epub 2018 Nov 21.

ITACA, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain.

Background: Research in type 1 diabetes management has increased exponentially since the irruption of mobile health apps for its remote and self-management. Despite this fact, the features affect in the disease management and patient empowerment are adopted by app makers and provided to the general population remain unexplored.

Objective: To study the gap between literature and available apps for type 1 diabetes self-management and patient empowerment and to discover the features that an ideal app should provide to people with diabetes. Read More

Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2019 Jan;22(1):91-95

Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nemours Children's Health System, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.

Purpose Of Review: Recent literature suggests dietary glutamine supplementation may lower blood glucose in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D), who have no residual insulin secretion. The mechanisms and potential relevance to the care of T1D remain unclear.

Recent Findings: Glutamine is involved in multiple pathways including gluconeogenesis, lipolysis, antioxidant defense, the production of nitric oxide, the secretion of peptides (e. Read More

Pediatr Diabetes 2019 Feb 4;20(1):78-85. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Department of Pediatrics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas.

Youth with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) experience more sleep disturbances and shorter sleep durations compared to their healthy peers. Researchers have now uncovered the negative mental health and physical health outcomes associated with poor sleep in youth with T1D. The field of T1D sleep research currently operates under the broad notion that sleep behaviors impact treatment adherence, which ultimately lead to worse long-term health outcomes. Read More

J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther 2018 Sep-Oct;23(5):351-361

Despite pharmacotherapeutic advancements in the management of type 1 diabetes mellitus during the past several decades, patients struggle to achieve glycemic goals. Additionally, hypoglycemia, especially in extremes of age, decreases quality of life. The lack of optimal glycemic control and risk for hypoglycemia are multifactorial. Read More