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    High irisin levels are associated with better glycemic control and bone health in children with Type 1 diabetes.
    Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2018 Apr 18. Epub 2018 Apr 18.
    Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, School of Medicine-University of Bari, Italy. Electronic address:
    Aim: Irisin is a new peptide produced mainly by the skeletal muscle playing an important role both in glucose/energy homeostasis and bone metabolism. Childhood type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is associated with decreased bone mass. We aimed to evaluate irisin levels in TD1M children and their correlation with bone metabolism and glycaemic control. Read More
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    Red Cell Distribution Width Is an Independent Risk Factor of Patients with Renal Function Damage in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus of Children in China.
    Ann Clin Lab Sci 2018 Mar;48(2):236-241
    Clinical Laboratory, The Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
    Aims: The aim of this study is to investigate whether red cell distribution width (RDW) is associated with renal function damage in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) of children in China.

    Methods: We used urine albumin-creatinine ratio to define microalbuminuria (MAU). A total of 170 patients were recruited in the study including 88 patients with MAU and 82 patients without MAU. Read More
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    Alginate-Catechol Cross-Linking Interferes with Insulin Secretion Capacity in Isolated Murine Islet Cells.
    Diabetes Metab J 2018 Apr;42(2):164-168
    Severance Institute for Vascular and Metabolic Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
    Over the past three decades, human pancreatic islet isolation and transplantation techniques have developed as a routine clinical procedure for selected patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. However, due to the donor shortage and required chronic systemic immunosuppression, the widespread application of islet transplantation is limited. To overcome these limitations, providing a physical barrier to transplanted islet cells with encapsulating biomaterial has emerged as a promising approach to enhance engraftment and promote islet survival post-transplantation. Read More
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    Longitudinal assessment of hippocampus structure in children with Type 1 Diabetes.
    Pediatr Diabetes 2018 Apr 19. Epub 2018 Apr 19.
    Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis and the St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO.
    The extant literature finds that children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) experience mild cognitive alterations compared to healthy age-matched controls. The neural basis of these cognitive differences is unclear but may relate in part to the effects of dysglycemia on the developing brain. We investigated longitudinal changes in hippocampus volume in young children with early-onset T1D. Read More
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    DIABEO App Software and Telemedicine Versus Usual Follow-Up in the Treatment of Diabetic Patients: Protocol for the TELESAGE Randomized Controlled Trial.
    JMIR Res Protoc 2018 Apr 19;7(4):e66. Epub 2018 Apr 19.
    Centre d'Étude et de Recherche pour l'Intensification du Traitement du Diabète, Evry, Department of Diabetes, Sud-Francilien Hospital, University Paris-Sud, Orsay, Corbeil-Essonnes, France.
    Background: Self-management of diabetes minimizes the risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications, but understanding and/or adherence to self-management recommendations is often suboptimal. DIABEO is a smartphone app (downloaded via the internet) used to calculate bolus insulin doses. A previous study (TELEDIAB 1) showed that the use of DIABEO was associated with a significant improvement in glycemic control in patients with poorly controlled type 1 diabetes mellitus, particularly when combined with teleconsultations with physicians. Read More
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    The Role of Gut Microbiota in Obesity and Type 2 and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: New Insights into "Old" Diseases.
    Med Sci (Basel) 2018 Apr 17;6(2). Epub 2018 Apr 17.
    Division of Gastroenterology, Thuringia Clinic Saalfeld "Georgius Agricola", Department of Internal Medicine II, Teaching Hospital of the University of Jena, Rainweg 68, D-07318 Saalfeld/Saale, Germany.
    The investigation of the human microbiome is the most rapidly expanding field in biomedicine. Early studies were undertaken to better understand the role of microbiota in carbohydrate digestion and utilization. These processes include polysaccharide degradation, glycan transport, glycolysis, and short-chain fatty acid production. Read More
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    [THE CHANGES OF NOCICEPTIVE THRESHOLD AND ACTIVITY OF THE ADENYLYL CYCLASE SYSTEM IN THE SKELETAL MUSCLES OF RATS WITH ACUTE AND MILD TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS ].
    Ross Fiziol Zh Im I M Sechenova 2016 Feb;102(2):176-87
    Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is one of the most common complications of the type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1). The aim of the work was to study the dynamics of a painful DPN and functional state of the hormone-sensitive ACSS in the skeletal muscles of rats with the models of acute and mild DM1, as well as the study of impact on them of insulin therapy with different ways of hormone delivery - intranasal and peripheral. In both models of DM1, the level of nociceptive threshold in rats decreased and the stimulatory effects of guanine nucleotides (GppNHp) and adrenergic agonists (isoproterenol, BRL-37344) on adenylyl cyclase (AC) activity were attenuated. Read More
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    Successful pregnancy and delivery after simultaneous islet-kidney transplantation.
    Am J Transplant 2018 Apr 19. Epub 2018 Apr 19.
    Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.
    Allogeneic islet of Langerhans transplantation is a recognized beta-cell replacement therapy for patients affected by type 1 diabetes mellitus. Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a condition associated with an increased risk of adverse outcomes for pregnant women and fetuses We report the case of a 29 year-old woman with type 1 diabetes mellitus, who underwent successful allogeneic islet transplantation with simultaneous kidney transplantation. She achieved durable insulin independence after two islet infusions. Read More
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    Cutaneous mucormycosis as a presenting feature of type 1 diabetes in a boy - case report and review of the literature.
    J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2018 Apr 19. Epub 2018 Apr 19.
    Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Medanta Medicity Hospital, Gurugram (Haryana), India.
    Background: Mucormycosis is a potentially fatal complication of diabetes. The rhino-orbito-cerebral form is the most common presentation, however, rarely other types can also be seen.

    Case Presentation: We describe the case of a 4½ -year-old boy not previously known to be a diabetic who presented to the plastic surgery department for gangrene of the left middle finger with surrounding erythema and induration. Read More
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    Glycemic control is related to cognitive dysfunction in Chinese children with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
    J Diabetes 2018 Apr 19. Epub 2018 Apr 19.
    Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital,Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
    Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) type 1 diabetes is considered to be a risk factor for developing cognitive difficulties. The present study examined if Chinese children with T1DM differ in cognitive performance from healthy control (HC) children, and whether cognitive dysfunction is related to glycemic control.

    Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, we administered cognitive tests, including general intelligence tests, to pediatric T1DM patients (N = 105) and HC participants (N = 90). Read More
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    Insulin resistance is associated with larger thyroid volume in adults with type 1 diabetes independently from presence of thyroid autoimmunity.
    Scand J Clin Lab Invest 2018 Apr 19:1-6. Epub 2018 Apr 19.
    a Department of Internal Medicine and Diabetology , Poznan University of Medical Sciences , Poznan , Poland.
    To investigate the effect of insulin resistance (IR) on thyroid function, thyroid autoimmunity (AIT) and thyroid volume in type 1 diabetes (T1DM). 100 consecutive patients with T1DM aged 29 (±6) years with diabetes duration 13 (±6) years were included. Exclusion criteria were: history of thyroid disease, current treatment with L-thyroxin or anti-thyroid drugs. Read More
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    Pancreatic Beta Cell Death: Novel Potential Mechanisms in Diabetes Therapy.
    J Diabetes Res 2018 19;2018:9601801. Epub 2018 Feb 19.
    Clinical Pharmacology Unit. School of Medicine José María Vargas, Central University of Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela.
    Purpose Of Review: Describing the diverse molecular mechanisms (particularly immunological) involved in the death of the pancreatic beta cell in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

    Recent Findings: Beta cell death is the final event in a series of mechanisms that, up to date, have not been entirely clarified; it represents the pathophysiological mechanism in the natural history of diabetes mellitus. These mechanisms are not limited to an apoptotic process only, which is characteristic of the immune-mediated insulitis in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Read More
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    β-cell Regenerative Potential of Selected Herbal Extracts in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats.
    Curr Drug Discov Technol 2018 Apr 18. Epub 2018 Apr 18.
    Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Karapitiya. Sri Lanka.
    Effective β-cell regeneration is a recognized therapeutic strategy in the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Regeneration of β-cells could be achieved via exogenous natural sources as medicinal plant extracts. Medicinal plants selected for the investigation were Spondias pinnata (Linn. Read More
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    S6K1 controls epigenetic plasticity for the expression of pancreatic α/β cell marker genes.
    J Cell Biochem 2018 Apr 17. Epub 2018 Apr 17.
    School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
    The failure of insulin production by pancreatic β cells is a common hallmark of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Because administration of exogenous insulin is associated with diabetes-derived complications, endogenous α to β cell transition can be an attractive alternative. Although decreased β cell size and hypoinsulinaemia have been observed in S6K1-deficient mice, the molecular mechanism underlying the involvement of S6K1 in the transcriptional regulation of insulin remains elusive. Read More
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    A longitudinal study of serum Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) levels over six years in a large cohort of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a marker reflecting diabetic retinopathy.
    Pediatr Diabetes 2018 Apr 16. Epub 2018 Apr 16.
    Division of Pediatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
    Objective: To evaluate longitudinal serum IGF-I in a large cohort of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in relation to HbA1c, age, diabetes duration, and BMI, its association to height and retinopathy, and in comparison with healthy subject references.

    Research Design And Methods: A total of 2,683 serum IGF-I values were obtained from 806 children and adolescents with T1DM, from annual blood samples for up to 6 consecutive years.

    Results: In a multiple regression analysis IGF-I values were negatively correlated to HbA1c and diabetes duration, and positively correlated to BMI (p<0. Read More
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    The Potential Role of SGLT2 Inhibitors in the Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.
    Drugs 2018 Apr 16. Epub 2018 Apr 16.
    Division of Nephrology-Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, USA.
    Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a difficult disease to treat due to the relative paucity of therapeutic options other than injectable insulin. The latter, however, can induce hypoglycemia, which has been linked to enhanced cardiovascular risk. Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a new class of oral anti-hyperglycemic medications that do not increase the hypoglycemia risk and are US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Read More
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    Characteristics, Treatment Patterns, and Economic Outcomes of Patients Initiating Injectable Medications for Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Japan: Results from a Retrospective Claims Database Analysis.
    Diabetes Ther 2018 Apr 16. Epub 2018 Apr 16.
    Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
    Introduction: This study's objective was to describe characteristics, treatment patterns, and economic outcomes of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients initiating injectable antidiabetic medications in Japan.

    Methods: Adults (≥ 18 years) with T2DM, ≥ 2 claims for injectable antidiabetics between 1 August 2011 and 31 July 2015 (first claim = index date), no evidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus, ≤ 1 claim for insulin, no claims for GLP-1RA before index, and continuous enrollment for 6 months before (baseline) and 12 months after index (follow-up) were selected from the Japan Medical Center Database. Patient characteristics and outcomes during the baseline and follow-up periods were described overall and by provider, using the proxy setting of index medication [hospital (including outpatient departments) for specialists; clinic for general practitioner (GP)]. Read More
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    Autoantibodies against islet cell antigens in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
    Oncotarget 2018 Mar 19;9(23):16275-16283. Epub 2018 Feb 19.
    Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, MacKay Children's Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
    We investigated the prevalence of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 autoantibody (GADA), insulinoma-associated protein 2 autoantibody (IA2A), and insulin autoantibody (IAA) in 750 children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) living in Taiwan. GADA, IA2A, and IAA were measured by radioimmunoassay. The data were assessed by test, binary logistic regression, and Spearman rank correlation. Read More
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    LRH-1 agonism favours an immune-islet dialogue which protects against diabetes mellitus.
    Nat Commun 2018 Apr 16;9(1):1488. Epub 2018 Apr 16.
    Department of Cell Regeneration and Advanced Therapies, Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucia-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, 41092, Spain.
    Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is due to the selective destruction of islet beta cells by immune cells. Current therapies focused on repressing the immune attack or stimulating beta cell regeneration still have limited clinical efficacy. Therefore, it is timely to identify innovative targets to dampen the immune process, while promoting beta cell survival and function. Read More
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    Evaluation of effect of bevacizumab on central subfield macular thickness in the injected and contralateral (untreated) eye of patients with bilateral diabetic macular oedema.
    BMJ Open Ophthalmol 2017 10;2(1):e000102. Epub 2017 Dec 10.
    Department of Ophthalmology, B P Koirala Lions Centre for Ophthalmic Studies, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal.
    Purpose: Antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGFs)-bevacizumab is routinely utilised for the treatment of diabetic macular oedema (DME). We plan to evaluate the impact of bevacizumab on the central subfield macular thickness (CSMT) of the treated and untreated eye.

    Methods: A sequential group of patients with bilateral DME who were treated with unilateral bevacizumab injection were assessed preinjection and postinjection by Spectral Domain-Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) by CSMT. Read More
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    Evaluation of Pancreas with Strain Elastography in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.
    Pol J Radiol 2017 15;82:767-772. Epub 2017 Dec 15.
    Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diyarbakır Children's Hospital, Diyarbakır, Turkey.
    Background: To investigate changes in pancreatic elasticity in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).

    Material/methods: The study group consisted of 60 children with T1DM, and the control group was comprised of 60 healthy children. Strain ratios were obtained for the pancreas using ultrasound strain elastography (Toshiba Applio 500 device). Read More
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    Efficacy of Growth Hormone Treatment in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Growth Hormone Deficiency-An Analysis of KIGS Data.
    J Pediatr 2018 Apr 12. Epub 2018 Apr 12.
    Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany.
    Objective: To analyze first-year treatment growth response and growth hormone (GH) dosage in prepubertal patients with the combination of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and growth hormone deficiency (GHD).

    Study Design: A total of 69 patients with T1DM and GHD treated with GH have been enrolled in KIGS (Pfizer International Growth Database). Of these, 24 prepubertal patients had developed T1DM before GHD and were included in this analysis. Read More
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    Efficacy and Safety of MYL-1501D Versus Insulin Glargine in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes After 52 Weeks: Results of the Phase 3 INSTRIDE 1 Study.
    Diabetes Obes Metab 2018 Apr 15. Epub 2018 Apr 15.
    Mylan Inc, PA, USA.
    Aims: Insulin glargine, a long-acting human insulin analogue, allows for once-daily basal use in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). MYL-1501D is a proposed insulin glargine biosimilar.

    Materials And Methods: Safety and efficacy of MYL-1501D and reference insulin glargine were evaluated in INSTRIDE 1: a 52-week, open-label, randomized, phase 3 study in patients with T1DM. Read More
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    A Review of Basal-Bolus Therapy Using Insulin Glargine and Insulin Lispro in the Management of Diabetes Mellitus.
    Diabetes Ther 2018 Apr 13. Epub 2018 Apr 13.
    Eli Lilly Italia SPA, via A. Gramsci 731/733, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
    Basal-bolus therapy (BBT) refers to the combination of a long-acting basal insulin with a rapid-acting insulin at mealtimes. Basal insulin glargine 100 U/mL and prandial insulin lispro have been available for many years and there is a substantial evidence base to support the efficacy and safety of these agents when they are used in BBT or basal-plus therapy for patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T1DM, T2DM). With the growing availability of alternative insulins for use in such regimens, it seems timely to review the data regarding BBT with insulin glargine 100 U/mL and insulin lispro. Read More
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    Insulin-mimetic effects of short-term rapamycin in type 1 diabetic patients prior to islet transplantation.
    Acta Diabetol 2018 Apr 13. Epub 2018 Apr 13.
    Endocrinology and Metabolism, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Via Morandi 30, 20097, San Donato Milanese (Milan), Italy.
    Background: The immunosuppressive drug rapamycin may influence insulin sensitivity in insulin-responsive tissues.

    Aims: This study aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of rapamycin pre-treatment before pancreatic islet allotransplantation (ITx) in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).

    Methods: Forty-one T1DM patients were studied. Read More
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    CKD in diabetes: diabetic kidney disease versus nondiabetic kidney disease.
    Nat Rev Nephrol 2018 Apr 13. Epub 2018 Apr 13.
    Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
    The increasing global prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) has prompted research efforts to tackle the growing epidemic of diabetic kidney disease (DKD; also known as diabetic nephropathy). The limited success of much of this research might in part be due to the fact that not all patients diagnosed with DKD have renal dysfunction as a consequence of their diabetes mellitus. Patients who present with CKD and diabetes mellitus (type 1 or type 2) can have true DKD (wherein CKD is a direct consequence of their diabetes status), nondiabetic kidney disease (NDKD) coincident with diabetes mellitus, or a combination of both DKD and NDKD. Read More
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    Estimation of glycaemic control in the past month using ratio of glycated albumin to HbA.
    Diabet Med 2018 Apr 13. Epub 2018 Apr 13.
    Department of Paediatrics, Saitama Medical University, Saitama.
    Aims: To evaluate comprehensively the use of the glycated albumin to HbA ratio for estimation of glycaemic control in the previous month.

    Methods: A total of 306 children with Type 1 diabetes mellitus underwent ≥10 simultaneous measurements of glycated albumin and HbA . Correlation and concordance rates were examined between HbA measurements taken 1 month apart (ΔHbA ) and glycated albumin/HbA ratio fluctuations were calculated as Z-scores from the cohort value at enrolment (method A) or the percent difference from the individual mean over time (method B). Read More
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    Open-loop glucose control: Automatic IOB-based super-bolus feature for commercial insulin pumps.
    Comput Methods Programs Biomed 2018 Jun 9;159:145-158. Epub 2018 Mar 9.
    Grupo de Control Aplicado (GCA), Instituto LEICI, UNLP-CONICET. Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina.
    Background And Objective: Although there has been significant progress towards closed-loop type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) treatments, most diabetic patients still treat this metabolic disorder in an open-loop manner, based on insulin pump therapy (basal and bolus insulin infusion). This paper presents a method for automatic insulin bolus shaping based on insulin-on-board (IOB) as an alternative to conventional bolus dosing.

    Methods: The methodology presented allows the pump to generate the so-called super-bolus (SB) employing a two-compartment IOB dynamic model. Read More
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    Impact of childhood type 1 diabetes on maternal work-family relations.
    J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2018 Apr 11. Epub 2018 Apr 11.
    School of Education, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
    Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate work-family conflict (WFC) and work-family facilitation (WFF) of working mothers of children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) compared with those of working mothers of children under follow-up not requiring treatment and of healthy children, and to explore the impact of organizational resources and the characteristics of the child and his disease on this interface.

    Methods: The study included 157 working mothers: 50 mothers of children with T1D, 50 mothers of children on medical follow-up without chronic illness and 57 mothers of healthy children. The participants completed validated questionnaires including the WFC scale, WFF scale, organizational resources support scale, life and work satisfaction questionnaire, a background demographic questionnaire and a child health questionnaire. Read More
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    Plasma Insulin Levels and Hypoglycemia Affect Subcutaneous Interstitial Glucose Concentration.
    Diabetes Technol Ther 2018 Apr 12;20(4):263-273. Epub 2018 Mar 12.
    2 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermadades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) , Madrid, Spain .
    Background: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) accuracy during hypoglycemia is suboptimal. This might be partly explained by insulin or hypoglycemia-induced changes in the plasma interstitial subcutaneous (SC) fluid glucose gradient. The aim of the present study was to assess the role of plasma insulin (PI) and hypoglycemia itself in the plasma and interstitial SC fluid glucose concentration in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Read More
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    Type 1 diabetes mellitus and risk of cancer: a meta-analysis of observational studies.
    Jpn J Clin Oncol 2018 Apr 9. Epub 2018 Apr 9.
    Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang, Korea.
    Objective: Previous observational studies have focused on the link between type 2 diabetes and the risk of cancer. However, the association between type 1 diabetes and the risk of cancer has not been well addressed. This study aimed to investigate the association between type 1 diabetes and the risk of cancer by using a meta-analysis of observational studies. Read More
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    US Army Soldiers With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.
    J Diabetes Sci Technol 2018 Apr 1:1932296818767700. Epub 2018 Apr 1.
    1 Department of Medicine, Womack Army Medical Center, Fort Bragg, NC, USA.
    US Army soldiers diagnosed with type 1 diabetes were previously considered unfit for duty. For highly motivated soldiers, current advanced technologies allow the possibility of not only retention on active duty, but military deployment. We present our experience at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, taking care of soldiers newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Read More
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    Risk of ketoacidosis in children at the time of diabetes mellitus diagnosis by primary caregiver status: a population-based retrospective cohort study.
    CMAJ 2018 Apr;190(14):E416-E421
    Department of Pediatrics (Nakhla, Legault, Li), The Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (Nakhla, Rahme, Legault, Li), Montréal, Que.; Institut national de santé publique du Québec (Simard, Larocque), Québec, Que.
    Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis is the leading cause of death among children with type 1 diabetes mellitus, and is an avoidable complication at first-time diagnosis of diabetes. Because having a usual provider of primary care is important in improving health outcomes for children, we tested the association between having a usual provider of care and risk of diabetic ketoacidosis at onset of diabetes.

    Methods: Using linked health administrative data for the province of Quebec, we conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study of children aged 1-17 years in whom diabetes was diagnosed from 2006 to 2015. Read More
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    Intramuscular islet allotransplantation in type 1 diabetes mellitus.
    Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2018 Mar;22(6):1731-1736
    Diabetology Unit, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy.
    Objective: Alternative sites to the liver for islet transplantation have been studied for a long time. Intramuscular islet transplantation appears to be an alternative site to the liver because of the ease of access. First islet autotransplantations were reported in patients after total pancreatectomies. Read More
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    Cost-effectiveness of insulin pumps compared with multiple daily injections both provided with structured education for adults with type 1 diabetes: a health economic analysis of the Relative Effectiveness of Pumps over Structured Education (REPOSE) randomised controlled trial.
    BMJ Open 2018 Apr 7;8(4):e016766. Epub 2018 Apr 7.
    Clinical Trials Research Unit, School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
    Objectives: To assess the long-term cost-effectiveness of insulin pumps and Dose Adjustment for Normal Eating (pumps+DAFNE) compared with multiple daily insulin injections and DAFNE (MDI+DAFNE) for adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in the UK.

    Methods: We undertook a cost-utility analysis using the Sheffield Type 1 Diabetes Policy Model and data from the Relative Effectiveness of Pumps over Structured Education (REPOSE) trial to estimate the lifetime incidence of diabetic complications, intervention-based resource use and associated effects on costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). All economic analyses took a National Health Service and personal social services perspective and discounted costs and QALYs at 3. Read More
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    Role of neopterin as a biochemical marker for peripheral neuropathy in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes: Relation to nerve conduction studies.
    Int Immunopharmacol 2018 Apr 5;59:68-75. Epub 2018 Apr 5.
    Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Egypt.
    Background: Neopterin, a marker of inflammation and cellular immune response, is elevated in conditions of T-cell or macrophages activation. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is associated with inflammatory/immune processes and therefore, we hypothesized that neopterin could be used as a marker of neuropathy in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).

    Aim: To measure neopterin levels in children and adolescents with T1DM and assess its possible relation to DPN and nerve conduction studies (NCS). Read More
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    Toxoplasma gondii as a possible causative pathogen of type-1 diabetes mellitus: Evidence from case-control and experimental studies.
    Exp Parasitol 2018 Apr 5;188:93-101. Epub 2018 Apr 5.
    Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt.
    Toxoplasma gondii is the causative parasite of an important worldwide disease. This obligate intracellular parasite can infect and replicate inside any nucleated cells including those of pancreas. Insulin is a hormone secreted by the pancreas and is responsible for controlling blood glucose concentration. Read More
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    New-onset insulin-dependent diabetes due to nivolumab.
    Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2018 28;2018. Epub 2018 Mar 28.
    Divisions of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.
    Nivolumab, a monoclonal antibody against programmed cell death-1 receptor, is increasingly used in advanced cancers. While nivolumab use enhances cancer therapy, it is associated with increased immune-related adverse events. We describe an elderly man who presented in ketoacidosis after receiving nivolumab for metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Read More
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    Paediatric non-ketotic hyperglycaemic hemichorea-hemiballismus.
    BMJ Case Rep 2018 Apr 5;2018. Epub 2018 Apr 5.
    Department of Neurosciences, University of the Philippines Manila College of Medicine, Manila, Philippines.
    Non-ketotic hyperglycaemic hemichorea-hemiballismus (NHHH) is commonly seen among elderly Asian women with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Here, we present a case of a 16-year-old Filipina with type 1 diabetes mellitus who is poorly compliant to her medications and subsequently developed right hemichorea-hemiballismus (HH). She was initially admitted with hyperglycaemia but was negative for ketonuria or metabolic acidosis. Read More
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    Efficacy and Safety of Insulin Glargine 300 U/mL versus 100 U/mL in Diabetes Mellitus: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature.
    J Diabetes Res 2018 12;2018:2052101. Epub 2018 Feb 12.
    Metabolic Diseases Study Group, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Universidad del Cauca, Popayán, Cauca, Colombia.
    To achieve good metabolic control in diabetes and maintain it in the long term, a combination of changes in lifestyle and pharmacological treatment is necessary. The need for insulin depends upon the balance between insulin secretion and insulin resistance. Insulin is considered the most effective glucose-lowering therapy available and is required by people with type 1 diabetes mellitus to control their blood glucose levels; yet, many people with type 2 diabetes mellitus will also eventually require insulin therapy, due to the progressive nature of the disease. Read More
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    Trace elements and oxidative stress in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
    Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2018 26;11:85-92. Epub 2018 Mar 26.
    Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
    Background: The early imbalances of trace elements in type 1 diabetes (T1D) may cause disturbance of glucose metabolism and more oxidative stress that may enhance the development of insulin resistance and diabetic complications. We aim to evaluate the serum level of selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg), and copper (Cu), the degree of oxidative stress and evaluate their relations to glycemic control in children with T1D.

    Methods: A case-control study which included 100 diabetic children and 40 healthy children age, sex, and ethnicity-matched as a control group. Read More
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    Hypoglycemic Exposure and Risk of Asymptomatic Hypoglycemia in Type 1 Diabetes assessed by Continuous Glucose Monitoring.
    J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2018 Mar 29. Epub 2018 Mar 29.
    Department of Cardiology, Nephrology and Endocrinology, Nordsjællands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark.
    Context: Recurrent hypoglycemia promotes impaired awareness resulting in an increased risk of asymptomatic hypoglycemia. However, there are no firm data on the frequency of hypoglycemia in daily life needed to initiate this vicious cycle or the role of asymptomatic hypoglycemia.

    Objective: To explore the association between hypoglycemic exposure and proportion of asymptomatic hypoglycemia and relation to risk of severe hypoglycemia. Read More
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    Prevalence of autoimmune thyroiditis in patients with type 1 diabetes: a long-term follow-up study.
    Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2018 Mar 22;23(1):33-37. Epub 2018 Mar 22.
    Depar tment of Pediatrics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University Hospital, Suwon, Korea.
    Purpose: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with autoimmune diseases such as thyroiditis. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of autoimmune thyroiditis in patients with type 1 DM.

    Methods: A total of 102 patients who were diagnosed and followed up (mean age, 8. Read More
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    Low levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a single center experience.
    Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2018 Mar 22;23(1):21-27. Epub 2018 Mar 22.
    Department of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
    Purpose: Low vitamin D level is common in adults with diabetes mellitus (DM). We assessed vitamin D level and its associated factors in Korean youth with type 1 DM.

    Methods: Type 1 DM cases (n=85) and healthy controls (n=518) aged <20 years were included and grouped into 3 categories according to vitamin D level: deficiency (<20 ng/mL), insufficiency (20-30 ng/mL), or sufficiency (≥30 ng/mL). Read More
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    A Randomized Clinical Trial of the Effect of Continuous Glucose Monitoring on Nocturnal Hypoglycemia, Daytime Hypoglycemia, Glycemic Variability, and Hypoglycemia Confidence in Persons with Type 1 Diabetes Treated with Multiple Daily Insulin Injections (GOLD-3).
    Diabetes Technol Ther 2018 Apr 2;20(4):274-284. Epub 2018 Apr 2.
    1 Department of Medicine, NU - Hospital Group, Trollhättan /Uddevalla, Sweden .
    Background: To evaluate the effects of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) on nocturnal and daytime hypoglycemia in persons with type 1 diabetes treated with multiple daily insulin injections (MDI); we also evaluated factors related to differences in hypoglycemia confidence in this population.

    Methods: Evaluations were performed from the GOLD randomized trial, an open-label multicenter crossover randomized clinical trial (n = 161) over 69 weeks comparing CGM to self-measurement of blood glucose (SMBG) in persons with type 1 diabetes treated with MDI. Masked CGM and the hypoglycemia confidence questionnaire were used for evaluations. Read More
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    Type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus and incidence of seven cardiovascular diseases.
    Int J Cardiol 2018 Mar 24. Epub 2018 Mar 24.
    Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Background: The association between type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and specific cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is uncertain. Furthermore, data on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in relation to risk of aortic valve stenosis, atrial fibrillation, abdominal aortic aneurysm, and intracerebral hemorrhage are scarce and inconclusive. We examined the associations of T1DM and T2DM with incidence of seven CVD outcomes. Read More
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