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Endocrine 2018 Jun 22. Epub 2018 Jun 22.

Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Context: Prolactinoma is the most common subtype of functional pituitary adenoma. Effective therapy is required for women of child-bearing age to achieve remission at serum prolactin level and regain reproductive function.

Purpose: To evaluate long-term outcomes, including menstrual recovery, after transsphenoidal surgery on female prolactinoma patients by experienced neurosurgeons. Read More

Oman J Ophthalmol 2018 May-Aug;11(2):134-139

Ocular Oncology Service, The Operation Eyesight Universal Institute for Eye Cancer, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Background: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) of the orbit is a rare clinical entity with a diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective study of eight patients with orbital LCH.

Results: All eight patients in our series were male, and the mean age at presentation was 8 years (median 6 years; range, 7 months-23 years). Read More

Endocr Connect 2018 Jul;7(7):G8-G11

Department of EndocrinologyOxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Oxford, UK.

Cranial diabetes insipidus (CDI) is a treatable chronic condition that can potentially develop into a life-threatening medical emergency. CDI is due to the relative or absolute lack of the posterior pituitary hormone vasopressin (AVP), also known as anti-diuretic hormone. AVP deficiency results in uncontrolled diuresis. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018 6;9:312. Epub 2018 Jun 6.

Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal.

Introduction: The diagnosis of pituitary carcinoma is very rare, requires the evidence of metastatic disease, and has a poor overall survival. Malignant prolactinoma frequently requires dopamine agonist therapy, pituitary surgery, radiotherapy, and even chemotherapy.

Case Description: A 19-year-old female presented with galactorrhea, primary amenorrhea, and left hemianopsia. Read More

BMC Med Genet 2018 Jun 18;19(1):102. Epub 2018 Jun 18.

Department of Pediatrics, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Children's Hospital, 807, Hoguk-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41404, Republic of Korea.

Background: Kabuki syndrome is characterized by distinctive facial features and varying degrees of growth retardation. It leads to malformations in skeletal, urogenital and cardiac structures; moreover, endocrine conditions such as premature thelarche, precocious puberty, growth hormone deficiency, diabetes insipidus, thyroid dysfunction and obesity have been reported. Kabuki syndrome is caused by a heterozygous mutation in the KMT2D or KDM6A genes. Read More

Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2018 Mar-Apr;22(2):191-195

Department of Neurosurgery, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi, Kerala, India.

Background And Objective: The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the application of principles of quantitative analysis to assess disorders of water balance following surgeries for sellar and suprasellar masses and also to investigate potential factors influencing the occurrence and course of these disorders.

Materials And Methods: A total of 36 consecutive adult patients who underwent surgery for sellar and suprasellar masses between 2014 and 2015 were prospectively followed up in this observational study. Twenty-one patients had complete laboratory parameter records for quantitative analysis. Read More

Pediatr Neurosurg 2018 Jun 14:1-5. Epub 2018 Jun 14.

Division of Neonatal and Developmental Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey.

Holoprosencephaly is a rare congenital malformation resulting from an impaired midline division of the prosencephalon into distinct cerebral hemispheres. Hydrocephalus is a frequent problem among the few survivors with alobar holoprosencephaly (aHPE), its most severe form. The literature about neurosurgical management of hydrocephalus in this condition is limited and dispersed, and there are still some points that need to be resolved. Read More

World Neurosurg 2018 Jun 11. Epub 2018 Jun 11.

Pituitary Clinic, Brain and Spinal Injury Research Center (BASIR), Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neurological Surgery, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address:

Purpose: Endoscopic endonasal approach has recently become an acceptable option for resection of all pituitary adenomas. We assessed biochemical outcome of endoscopic endonasal surgery in growth hormone (GH) secreting adenomas including remission rate, predictors of remission and associated complications.

Methods: Sixty eight consecutive patients with acromegaly who underwent endoscopic endonasal surgery have been analyzed prospectively. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Jun;97(24):e11157

Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan City.

Rationale: Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) rarely presents in the initial stage of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and relapse due to renal infiltration is also rare.

Patient Concerns: A 19-year-old man presented with weakness, polydipsia, and polyuria for 1 month.

Diagnoses: NDI was diagnosed with insignificant response to a water deprivation test after stimulation with vasopressin injection. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Jun;97(24):e10840

Department of Neurosurgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.

The aim of the study was to explore anterior interhemispheric approach microsurgery for removing large sellar region tumors.A total of 118 patients with large sellar region tumors were treated with the anterior interhemispheric approach microsurgery. There were 58 craniopharyngioma, 37 pituitary adenoma, 5 hypothalamic glioma, 7 meningioma, and 11 other tumors cases. Read More

An Pediatr (Barc) 2018 Jun 9. Epub 2018 Jun 9.

Servicio de Pediatría y Endocrinología, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Madrid, España; Departamento de Pediatría, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España.; IMDEA Instituto de Alimentación, CEI UAM + CSIC, Madrid, España.

Background: Central diabetes insipidus (CDI) is a rare disorder in children. The aetiology of CDI in childhood is heterogeneous. The aim of this study is to illustrate the importance of a careful clinical and neuro-radiological follow-up of the pituitary and hypothalamus region in order to identify the aetiology and the development of associated hormonal deficiencies. Read More

A A Pract 2018 Jun 11. Epub 2018 Jun 11.

From the Departments of Anesthesiology.

Perioperative derangements of fluid and electrolyte homeostasis are rare complications in healthy children. Nonetheless, early diagnosis and treatment are mandatory to avoid a potentially life-threatening situation. However, the variety of underlying pathologies may prove to make accurate diagnosis challenging. Read More

Neurosci Lett 2018 Jun 7;682:50-55. Epub 2018 Jun 7.

Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan. Electronic address:

Familial neurohypophysial diabetes insipidus (FNDI), characterized by progressive polyuria and loss of arginine vasopressin (AVP) neurons, is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by AVP gene mutations. Our previous studies with FNDI model mice demonstrated that mutant proteins accumulated in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of AVP neurons. Here, we examined therapeutic effects of the chemical chaperone 4-phenylbutylate (4-PBA) in FNDI mice. Read More

J Urol 2018 Jun 5. Epub 2018 Jun 5.

Introduction: Wolfram syndrome (WFS) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by childhood-onset diabetes mellitus, optic nerve atrophy, diabetes insipidus, hearing impairment and commonly bladder and bowel dysfunction. We hypothesize that there is an association between smaller pons, which contains the pontine micturition center, and abnormal lower urinary tract function.

Materials And Methods: Patients with genetically confirmed WFS attend an annual multidisciplinary research clinic. Read More

J Neurosurg 2018 Jun 8:1-10. Epub 2018 Jun 8.

Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York.

OBJECTIVE Epidermoid cysts (ECs) commonly extend to involve the ventral cisterns of the cranial base. When present, symptoms arise due to progressive mass effect on the brainstem and adjacent cranial nerves. Historically, a variety of open microsurgical approaches have been used for resection of ECs in this intricate region. Read More

J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 2018 Apr 3;79(2):117-122. Epub 2017 Aug 3.

Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, United States.

 Pituitary adenoma (PA), among the most commonly encountered sellar pathologies, accounts for 10% of primary intracranial tumors. The reported incidence of postoperative diabetes insipidus (DI) is highly variable. In this study, we report our experience with DI following endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) for PAs, elucidating the risk factors of postoperative DI, the likelihood of long-term DI, and the impact of DI on the length of stay (LOS). Read More

Hormones (Athens) 2018 Mar 16;17(1):119-125. Epub 2018 Apr 16.

Medical Faculty, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia.

Introduction: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) localised in the hypothalamic-pituitary region (HPR) is very rare, especially in adults. Diabetes insipidus (DI) is considered to be a hallmark of HPR LCH, while anterior pituitary abnormalities are usually seen as consequences of surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy.

Case Description: We present a patient with localised HPR LCH with dominant anterior pituitary dysfunction and tumour mass effects but without DI. Read More

Case Rep Endocrinol 2018 18;2018:9412676. Epub 2018 Apr 18.

Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism and Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.

Background: Classical Wolfram syndrome (WS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in a gene implicated in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondrial function. WS is characterized by insulin-requiring diabetes mellitus and optic atrophy. A constellation of other features contributes to the acronym DIDMOAD (Diabetes Insipidus, Diabetes Mellitus, Optic Atrophy, and Deafness). Read More

Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2018 21;2018. Epub 2018 May 21.

Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, and University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.

This case illustrates the exceedingly rare phenomenon of transient diabetes insipidus, in association with pre-eclampsia, occurring in the post-partum period following an fertilisation pregnancy, in an otherwise well 48-year-old lady. Diabetes insipidus can manifest during pregnancy, induced by increased vasopressinase activity secreted by placental trophoblasts and usually manifests in the third trimester. This presentation elucidates not only the intricate balance between the physiology of pregnancy and hormonal homeostasis, but also the importance of post-partum care as the physiological changes of pregnancy still hold pathological potential in the weeks immediately following delivery. Read More

Pediatr Endocrinol Rev 2018 Apr;15(4):276-279

Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Background: We describe a 6-year old boy with central diabetes insipidus (CDI) caused by destruction of the pituitary gland due to treatment of an optical pathway glioma. He has been treated with chemotherapy and has had several debulking operations over the past years and consequently developed central hypocortisolism, hypothyroidism and CDI. The treatment of CDI was gravely complicated by an impaired thirst perception and compulsive drinking behavior. Read More

Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown) 2018 May 24. Epub 2018 May 24.

Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California.

Background: Transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) for pituitary adenomas (PAs) is performed on elderly patients with increasing frequency. More research is necessary to assess the risk factors that are associated with TSS in an aging population.

Objective: To perform a retrospective study on postoperative safety outcomes following TSS in the elderly population stratified by decade of life. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2018 May 25;19(6). Epub 2018 May 25.

Department of Sciences and Technologies, University Parthenope of Naples, Napoli I-80143, Italy.

Aquaporins (AQPs) are among the best structural-characterized membrane proteins, fulfilling the role of allowing water flux across cellular membranes. Thus far, 34 single amino acid polymorphisms have been reported in HUMSAVAR for human aquaporins as disease-related. They affect AQP2, AQP5 and AQP8, where they are associated with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, keratoderma and colorectal cancer, respectively. Read More

Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2018 May 21. Epub 2018 May 21.

Department of Neurological Surgery, Stanford University Hospital, Stanford, CA, USA.

Objective: Rathke's cleft cyst (RCC) is a common sellar lesion which may cause visual impairment, hypopituitarism and headaches from mass effect. The natural history of these lesions is currently unclear. We investigated the natural history of RCCs and compared surgically treated patients with those treated conservatively. Read More

J Neurosurg 2018 May 18:1-7. Epub 2018 May 18.

Department of Neurological Surgery, and.

OBJECTIVE Rathke's cleft cysts (RCCs) are benign epithelial lesions of the sellar region typically treated via a transsphenoidal approach with cyst fenestration and drainage. At present, there is limited evidence to guide patient selection for operative treatment. Furthermore, there is minimal literature describing factors contributing to cyst recurrence. Read More

Pediatr Res 2018 May 28;83(5):921-929. Epub 2018 Feb 28.

Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, Messina, Italy.

Wolfram syndrome 1 (WS1) is a rare autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disease characterized by diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus, optic atrophy, deafness, and other abnormalities. WS1 usually results in death before the age of 50 years. The pathogenesis of WS1 is ascribed to mutations of human WFS1 gene on chromosome 4p encoding a transmembrane protein called wolframin which has physiological functions in membrane trafficking, secretion, processing, and/or regulation of ER calcium homeostasis. Read More

Pituitary 2018 May 16. Epub 2018 May 16.

Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands.

Purpose: Systematic review and meta-analysis comparing endoscopic and microscopic transsphenoidal surgery for Cushing's disease regarding surgical outcomes (remission, recurrence, and mortality) and complication rates. To stratify the results by tumor size.

Methods: Nine electronic databases were searched in February 2017 to identify potentially relevant articles. Read More

Int J Endocrinol 2018 20;2018:7637435. Epub 2018 Mar 20.

Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health and Family Planning Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.

This study aims to outline the clinical features and outcomes of IgG4-related hypophysitis (IgG4-RH) patients in a tertiary medical center. We reviewed clinical manifestations and imaging and pituitary function tests at baseline, as well as during follow-up. Ten patients were included. Read More

Saudi J Ophthalmol 2018 Jan-Mar;32(1):40-44. Epub 2018 Mar 15.

Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.

Purpose: To describe the clinical presentation, treatment, and outcome of patients with histiocytic lesions of the orbit.

Methods: Retrospective study of 9 patients treated and followed up between October 2001 and January 2018.

Results: Eight patients in our series were males and one patient was female. Read More

J Am Acad Dermatol 2018 Jun;78(6):1047-1056

ClearlyDerm Center for Dermatology, Department of Clinical Biomedical Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida.

A definitive diagnosis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) requires a combination of clinical presentation, histology, and immunohistochemistry. The inflammatory infiltrate contains various proportions of LCH cells, the disease hallmark, which are round and have characteristic "coffee-bean" cleaved nuclei and eosinophilic cytoplasm. Positive immunohistochemistry staining for CD1a and CD207 (langerin) are required for a definitive diagnosis. Read More

Pituitary 2018 May 11. Epub 2018 May 11.

Pituitary Unit, Department of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.

Primary autoimmune hypophysitis (PAH) is considered an underdiagnosed disease, due to the difficulty in reaching a definitive diagnosis. PAH clinical diagnosis remains an exclusion diagnosis. We aimed to correlate PAH neuro-radiological signs to endocrine features and evaluate their prognostic role. Read More

Childs Nerv Syst 2018 May 11. Epub 2018 May 11.

Department of Neurosurgery, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, L12 2AP, UK.

Introduction: Hypothalamic hamartomas (HHs) are rare non-neoplastic lesions which cause drug-resistant epilepsy with associated behavioural, psychiatric and endocrine issues. With the development of new minimally invasive techniques for the treatment of HH, there is a need to reappraise the effectiveness and safety of each approach. We review the outcomes of HH patients treated surgically, utilizing intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (IOMRI), by a team of Alder Hey NHS Foundation Trust tumour and epilepsy neurosurgeons since 2011. Read More

Endocrine 2018 May 4. Epub 2018 May 4.

Clinical Management Unit, Internal Medicine Hospital La Inmaculada, Area of Health Management North of Almería, Almería, Spain.

Purpose: To describe clinical characteristics of diabetes mellitus (DM) in a group of patients with Wolfram Syndrome (WS).

Methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional observational design. The sample consisted of 50 patients diagnosed with WS. Read More

J Nucl Med Technol 2018 May 3. Epub 2018 May 3.

University of Arizona, United States.

A 21-year-old man presented with polyuria and polydipsia and was discovered to have diabetes insipidus due to eosinophilic granuloma of the hypothalamus. F FDG-PET/CT for metastatic work-up revealed an intensely FDG avid hypothalamic mass and no other sites of disease. Read More

Rev Med Brux 2018 ;39(2):87-92

Service de Médecine interne, Hôpital Erasme, ULB.

Introduction: Hypercalcemia is a common pathological condition in clinical practice. The two most common causes are primary hyperparathyroidism and cancer. SIADH is often encountered in cancer cases and is the most common cause of hyponatremia. Read More

BMC Neurol 2018 May 1;18(1):59. Epub 2018 May 1.

Department of Rheumatology, The Royal London and Mile End Hospitals, Barts Health NHS Trust, Bancroft Road, London, E1 4DG, UK.

Background: Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA, formerly Wegener's granulomatosis) is a multisystem vasculitis of small- to medium-sized blood vessels. Cranial involvement can result in cranial nerve palsies and, rarely, pituitary infiltration.

Case Presentation: We describe the case of a 32 year-old woman with limited but severe GPA manifesting as progressive cranial nerve palsies and pituitary dysfunction. Read More

Drug Saf Case Rep 2018 Apr 25;5(1):19. Epub 2018 Apr 25.

Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 462 First Avenue, NBV 7N24, New York, NY, 10016, USA.

Desmopressin, a synthetic vasopressin analog, is used to treat central diabetes insipidus, hemostatic disorders such as von Willebrand's disease, and nocturnal enuresis. We present the case of a 69-year-old man who developed severe hyponatremia during treatment with intranasal desmopressin at 10 µg twice daily for chronic polyuria and nocturia thought to be due to central diabetes insipidus. After 5 months of therapy, the patient noticed progressive fatigue, anorexia, dizziness, weakness, light-headedness, decreased concentration, and new-onset falls. Read More

No Shinkei Geka 2018 Apr;46(4):313-317

Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University.

Pituitary dysfunction, such as panhypopituitarism or diabetes insipidus(DI), is often found in patients with Rathke's cleft cyst. Patients were treated with transsphenoidal microscopic surgery; however, pituitary dysfunction did not usually recover. Recently, endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery(eTSS)has enabled minimally invasive surgery for patients with Rathke's cleft cyst. Read More

Exp Anim 2018 Apr 20. Epub 2018 Apr 20.

Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University.

A stable and reproducible rat injury model is not currently available to study central diabetes insipidus (CDI) and the neurohypophyseal system. In addition, a system is needed to assess the severity of CDI and measure the accompanying neurobiological alterations. In the present study, a 3D-printed lesion knife with a curved head was designed to fit into the stereotaxic instrument. Read More

Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2018 11;2018. Epub 2018 Apr 11.

Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Lucerne Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland.

The combination of hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state and central diabetes insipidus is unusual and poses unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges for clinicians. In a patient with diabetes mellitus presenting with polyuria and polydipsia, poor glycaemic control is usually the first aetiology that is considered, and achieving glycaemic control remains the first course of action. However, severe hypernatraemia, hyperglycaemia and discordance between urine-specific gravity and urine osmolality suggest concurrent symptomatic diabetes insipidus. Read More

Pril (Makedon Akad Nauk Umet Odd Med Nauki) 2017 Dec;38(3):121-133

Faculty of Medicine, University "Ss. Cyril and Methodius", 50 Divizija BB,1000 Skopje, Republic of Macedonia.

Obesity and excess weight are a pandemic phenomenon in the modern world. Childhood and adolescent obesity often ends up in obesity in adults. The costs of obesity and its consequences are staggering for any society, crippling for countries in development. Read More

Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2018 Apr 18. Epub 2018 Apr 18.

Department of Medicine - Renal Division, Emory University School of Medicine, United States.

Prolonged lithium treatment is associated with various renal side effects and is known to induce inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) remodeling. In animals treated with lithium, the fraction of intercalated cells (ICs), which are responsible for acid-base homeostasis, increases as compared to renal principal cells (PCs). In order to investigate the intricacies of lithium-induced IMCD remodeling, male Sprague Dawley rats were fed a lithium-enriched diet for 0,1, 2, 3, 6, 9, or 12 weeks. Read More

Medicina (B Aires) 2018 ;78(2):127-130

Servicio de Nefrología, Clínica Ciudad de la Vida, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Central diabetes insipidus is a rare disease of the hypothalamus and neurohypophysis. It is very unusually found in the adult with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is manifested by a polydipsic polyuric syndrome, which must be distinguished from the poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus. Read More

Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2018 Mar-Apr;29(2):440-442

Division of Internal Medicine, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) presenting as diabetes insipidus (DI) is a rare association; there is a case report of neurogenic DI in patients of SLE; however, SLE and nephrogenic DI has not been reported in literature. We present a case of SLE presenting as nephrogenic DI. We report a case who presented with DI (nephrogenic) and fulfilled criteria for SLE and Sjögren's syndrome with renal tubular acidosis. Read More

Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2018 Jun 7;169:107-115. Epub 2018 Apr 7.

Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Middle Road, Shanghai, China; Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address:

It is unclear whether the endoscopic technique has any advantages over transcranial approach in the aspect of endocrine outcomes in patients with craniopharyngiomas, thus, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis. We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed to identify relevant studies. Pituitary, hypothalamus functions and recurrence were used as outcome measures. Read More

Nat Commun 2018 Apr 12;9(1):1411. Epub 2018 Apr 12.

Department of Nephrology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan.

Congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) is characterized by the inability of the kidney to concentrate urine. Congenital NDI is mainly caused by loss-of-function mutations in the vasopressin type 2 receptor (V2R), leading to impaired aquaporin-2 (AQP2) water channel activity. So far, treatment options of congenital NDI either by rescuing mutant V2R with chemical chaperones or by elevating cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels have failed to yield effective therapies. Read More

Epilepsy Res 2018 May 7;142:131-134. Epub 2018 Apr 7.

Division of Pediatric Neurology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, United States.

Hypothalamic hamartoma is an archetypal example of subcortical epilepsy that can be associated with intractable gelastic epilepsy, secondary epilepsy, and epileptic encephalopathy. The history of its surgical treatment is fraught with mislocalization of the seizure focus, modest efficacy and a high complication rate. Many minimally invasive techniques have been described to mitigate this high complication profile of which MR-guided laser ablation is one. Read More

World Neurosurg 2018 Jun 3;114:e1225-e1231. Epub 2018 Apr 3.

Department of Hypothalamic and Pituitary Surgery, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Okinaka Memorial Institute for Medical Research, Tokyo, Japan.

Background: Low-grade glioma (LGG) of the neurohypophysis is an extremely rare tumor arising from the pituicytes of the posterior pituitary or the infundibulum. The preoperative imaging findings of these tumors mimic those of pituitary adenomas, and radical resection is often challenging in affected patients due to the hypervascularity of the tumor. Here we describe the clinical and radiologic features of this clinical entity. Read More

Pituitary 2018 Apr 5. Epub 2018 Apr 5.

Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, University Medical Center Utrecht - Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Purpose: Severe fluctuations in plasma sodium concentration and plasma osmolarity, including central diabetes insipidus (CDI), may have significant influence on postoperative morbidity and mortality after pediatric brain tumor surgery.The aim of this study was to describe the frequency, severity and neurological consequences of these fluctuations in pediatric brain tumor survivors.

Methods: A retrospective, multi-institutional chart review was conducted among all children who underwent brain tumor surgery in the sellar or suprasellar region in seven university hospitals in the Netherlands between January 2004 and December 2013. Read More

Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2018 28;2018. Epub 2018 Mar 28.

Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.

Co-existence of craniopharyngioma and acromegaly has been very rarely reported. A 65-year-old man presented with visual deterioration, fatigue and frontal headaches. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a suprasellar heterogeneous, mainly cystic, 1. Read More

Swiss Med Wkly 2018 04 3;148:w14608. Epub 2018 Apr 3.

Clinical Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia.