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    [Treatment of Rathke's Cleft Cyst:Technical Note for Preservation of Pituitary Function].
    No Shinkei Geka 2018 Apr;46(4):313-317
    Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University.
    Pituitary dysfunction, such as panhypopituitarism or diabetes insipidus(DI), is often found in patients with Rathke's cleft cyst. Patients were treated with transsphenoidal microscopic surgery; however, pituitary dysfunction did not usually recover. Recently, endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery(eTSS)has enabled minimally invasive surgery for patients with Rathke's cleft cyst. Read More
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    A rat model for pituitary stalk electric lesion-induced central diabetes insipidus: application of 3D printing and further outcome assessments.
    Exp Anim 2018 Apr 20. Epub 2018 Apr 20.
    Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University.
    A stable and reproducible rat injury model is not currently available to study central diabetes insipidus (CDI) and the neurohypophyseal system. In addition, a system is needed to assess the severity of CDI and measure the accompanying neurobiological alterations. In the present study, a 3D-printed lesion knife with a curved head was designed to fit into the stereotaxic instrument. Read More
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    One too many diabetes: the combination of hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar state and central diabetes insipidus.
    Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2018 11;2018. Epub 2018 Apr 11.
    Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Lucerne Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland.
    The combination of hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state and central diabetes insipidus is unusual and poses unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges for clinicians. In a patient with diabetes mellitus presenting with polyuria and polydipsia, poor glycaemic control is usually the first aetiology that is considered, and achieving glycaemic control remains the first course of action. However, severe hypernatraemia, hyperglycaemia and discordance between urine-specific gravity and urine osmolality suggest concurrent symptomatic diabetes insipidus. Read More
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    Obesity in Childhood and Adolescence, Genetic Factors.
    Pril (Makedon Akad Nauk Umet Odd Med Nauki) 2017 Dec;38(3):121-133
    Faculty of Medicine, University "Ss. Cyril and Methodius", 50 Divizija BB,1000 Skopje, Republic of Macedonia.
    Obesity and excess weight are a pandemic phenomenon in the modern world. Childhood and adolescent obesity often ends up in obesity in adults. The costs of obesity and its consequences are staggering for any society, crippling for countries in development. Read More
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    Chronic lithium treatment induces novel patterns of pendrin localization and expression.
    Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2018 Apr 18. Epub 2018 Apr 18.
    Department of Medicine - Renal Division, Emory University School of Medicine, United States.
    Prolonged lithium treatment is associated with various renal side effects and is known to induce inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) remodeling. In animals treated with lithium, the fraction of intercalated cells (ICs), which are responsible for acid-base homeostasis, increases as compared to renal principal cells (PCs). In order to investigate the intricacies of lithium-induced IMCD remodeling, male Sprague Dawley rats were fed a lithium-enriched diet for 0,1, 2, 3, 6, 9, or 12 weeks. Read More
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    [Association between central diabetes insipidus and type 2 diabetes mellitus].
    Medicina (B Aires) 2018 ;78(2):127-130
    Servicio de Nefrología, Clínica Ciudad de la Vida, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
    Central diabetes insipidus is a rare disease of the hypothalamus and neurohypophysis. It is very unusually found in the adult with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is manifested by a polydipsic polyuric syndrome, which must be distinguished from the poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus. Read More
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    Systemic lupus erythematosus with Sjögren's syndrome and renal tubular acidosis presenting as nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.
    Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2018 Mar-Apr;29(2):440-442
    Division of Internal Medicine, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
    Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) presenting as diabetes insipidus (DI) is a rare association; there is a case report of neurogenic DI in patients of SLE; however, SLE and nephrogenic DI has not been reported in literature. We present a case of SLE presenting as nephrogenic DI. We report a case who presented with DI (nephrogenic) and fulfilled criteria for SLE and Sjögren's syndrome with renal tubular acidosis. Read More
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    Endocrine outcomes of endoscopic versus transcranial resection of craniopharyngiomas: A system review and meta-analysis.
    Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2018 Apr 7;169:107-115. Epub 2018 Apr 7.
    Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Middle Road, Shanghai, China; Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address:
    It is unclear whether the endoscopic technique has any advantages over transcranial approach in the aspect of endocrine outcomes in patients with craniopharyngiomas, thus, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis. We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed to identify relevant studies. Pituitary, hypothalamus functions and recurrence were used as outcome measures. Read More
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    AKAPs-PKA disruptors increase AQP2 activity independently of vasopressin in a model of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.
    Nat Commun 2018 Apr 12;9(1):1411. Epub 2018 Apr 12.
    Department of Nephrology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan.
    Congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) is characterized by the inability of the kidney to concentrate urine. Congenital NDI is mainly caused by loss-of-function mutations in the vasopressin type 2 receptor (V2R), leading to impaired aquaporin-2 (AQP2) water channel activity. So far, treatment options of congenital NDI either by rescuing mutant V2R with chemical chaperones or by elevating cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels have failed to yield effective therapies. Read More
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    MR-guided laser ablation for the treatment of hypothalamic hamartomas.
    Epilepsy Res 2018 May 7;142:131-134. Epub 2018 Apr 7.
    Division of Pediatric Neurology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, United States.
    Hypothalamic hamartoma is an archetypal example of subcortical epilepsy that can be associated with intractable gelastic epilepsy, secondary epilepsy, and epileptic encephalopathy. The history of its surgical treatment is fraught with mislocalization of the seizure focus, modest efficacy and a high complication rate. Many minimally invasive techniques have been described to mitigate this high complication profile of which MR-guided laser ablation is one. Read More
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    Low-grade glioma of the neurohypophysis: Clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes.
    World Neurosurg 2018 Apr 3. Epub 2018 Apr 3.
    Department of Hypothalamic and Pituitary Surgery, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8470, Japan; Okinaka Memorial Institute for Medical Research, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8470, Japan.
    Background: Low-grade glioma (LGG) of the neurohypophysis is an extremely rare tumor arising from the pituicytes of the posterior pituitary or the infundibulum. The preoperative imaging findings of these tumors mimic those of pituitary adenomas, and radical resection is often challenging in affected patients due to the hypervascularity of the tumor. Here, we describe the clinical and radiological features of this clinical entity. Read More
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    Management and consequences of postoperative fluctuations in plasma sodium concentration after pediatric brain tumor surgery in the sellar region: a national cohort analysis.
    Pituitary 2018 Apr 5. Epub 2018 Apr 5.
    Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, University Medical Center Utrecht - Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
    Purpose: Severe fluctuations in plasma sodium concentration and plasma osmolarity, including central diabetes insipidus (CDI), may have significant influence on postoperative morbidity and mortality after pediatric brain tumor surgery.The aim of this study was to describe the frequency, severity and neurological consequences of these fluctuations in pediatric brain tumor survivors.

    Methods: A retrospective, multi-institutional chart review was conducted among all children who underwent brain tumor surgery in the sellar or suprasellar region in seven university hospitals in the Netherlands between January 2004 and December 2013. Read More
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    A rare challenging case of co-existent craniopharyngioma, acromegaly and squamous cell lung cancer.
    Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2018 28;2018. Epub 2018 Mar 28.
    Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
    Co-existence of craniopharyngioma and acromegaly has been very rarely reported. A 65-year-old man presented with visual deterioration, fatigue and frontal headaches. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a suprasellar heterogeneous, mainly cystic, 1. Read More
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    Effects of sildenafil, metformin, and simvastatin on ADH-independent urine concentration in healthy volunteers.
    Physiol Rep 2018 Apr;6(7):e13665
    Department of Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
    Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) is a rare disorder characterized by resistance of the kidney to the action of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), resulting in a decrease in the capacity of the kidney to concentrate the urine. NDI can be inherited or acquired due to, for example, chronic lithium therapy. Current treatment options are limited to attempts to lower urine output by a low-solute diet and the use of diuretics or anti-inflammatory drugs. Read More
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    Lithium and nephrotoxicity: Unravelling the complex pathophysiological threads of the lightest metal.
    Nephrology (Carlton) 2018 Apr 1. Epub 2018 Apr 1.
    Deakin University, IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia.
    While lithium remains the most efficacious treatment for bipolar disorder, it can cause significant nephrotoxicity. The molecular mechanisms behind both this process and the development of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus still remain to be fully elucidated but appear to involve alterations in glycogen synthase kinase 3 signalling, G2 cell cycle progression arrest, alterations in inositol and prostaglandin signalling pathways, and dysregulated trafficking and transcription of aquaporin 2 water channels. The end result of this is a tubulointerstitial nephropathy with microcyst formation and relative glomerular sparing, both visible on pathology specimens and increasingly noted on non-invasive imaging. Read More
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    Therapeutic outcomes of transsphenoidal surgery in pediatric patients with craniopharyngiomas: a single-center study.
    J Neurosurg Pediatr 2018 Mar 30:1-14. Epub 2018 Mar 30.
    Pediatrics, and.
    OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to analyze the outcomes of transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) in a single-center clinical series of pediatric craniopharyngioma patients treated with gross-total resection (GTR). METHODS The authors retrospectively reviewed the surgical outcomes for 65 consecutive patients with childhood craniopharyngiomas (28 girls and 37 boys, mean age 9.6 years) treated with TSS (45 primary and 20 repeat surgeries) between 1990 and 2015. Read More
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    [Alobar holoprosencephaly associated with diabetes insipidus and hypothyroidism in a 10-month old infant].
    Pan Afr Med J 2017 1;28:193. Epub 2017 Nov 1.
    Service de Pédiatrie, UFR des Sciences de la Santé, Université Gaston Berger de Saint-Louis, Sénégal.
    Holoprosencephaly (HPE) is a serious brain malformation due to a failure of medial forebrain cleavage. This is an abnormality which is more often associated with craniofacial malformations, psychomotor development delay, diabetes insipidus and variable endocrine disorders. It is due to different causes including chromosomal abnormalities (trisomy 13, 18)and polymalformative syndromes (CHARGE Syndrome). Read More
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    Langerhans cell histiocytosis in children - a disease with many faces. Recent advances in pathogenesis, diagnostic examinations and treatment.
    Postepy Dermatol Alergol 2018 Feb 20;35(1):6-17. Epub 2018 Feb 20.
    Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
    Langerhans cell histiocytosis is a rare clonal disease characterized by the proliferation of CD1a-positive immature dendritic cells. The purpose of this article was to present an updated review of recent advances in the pathogenesis, clinical features, imaging and treatment of this disease. The discovery of oncogenic BRAF mutations and the presence of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines confirmed the unusual characteristics of this disease. Read More
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    Intensification of induction therapy and prolongation of maintenance therapy did not improve the outcome of pediatric Langerhans cell histiocytosis with single-system multifocal bone lesions: results of the Japan Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis Study Group-02 Protocol Study.
    Int J Hematol 2018 Mar 28. Epub 2018 Mar 28.
    Department of Laboratory Medicine, Uji-Tokushukai Medical Center, Uji, Japan.
    Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) with single-system (SS) multifocal bone (MFB) lesions is rarely fatal, but patients may experience relapses and develop LCH-associated sequelae. To evaluate effect on outcomes of pediatric multifocal LCH, we tested a treatment protocol modified from the Japan Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis Study Group (JLSG)-96 study. We assessed the outcomes of all consecutive newly diagnosed pediatric patients with LCH with SS-MFB lesions who were treated with JLSG-02 protocol in 2002-2009. Read More
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    Novel and recurrent variants in AVPR2 in 19 families with X-linked congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.
    Eur J Pediatr 2018 Mar 28. Epub 2018 Mar 28.
    Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine and Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark.
    Congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (CNDI) is characterized by the reduced ability of renal collecting duct cells to reabsorb water in response to the antidiuretic effect of vasopressin. Chronic polyuria and polydipsia are the hallmarks of the disease. Approximately 90% of all patients with CNDI have X-linked inherited disease caused by variants in the arginine vasopressin receptor 2 (AVPR2) gene. Read More
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    Oxcarbazepine Therapy for Complete Central Diabetes Insipidus.
    Case Rep Nephrol Dial 2018 Jan-Apr;8(1):20-24. Epub 2018 Jan 31.
    aDepartment of Medicine, Baystate Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Springfield, Massachusetts, USA.
    Oxcarbazepine and carbamazepine cause hyponatremia by unknown mechanisms. We describe a patient with complete central diabetes insipidus and seizures who developed worsening hyponatremia when her dose of oxcarbazepine was increased. The patient maintained a normal serum sodium level and has had appropriately concentrated urine for 5 years on just oxcarbazepine, despite undetectable antidiuretic hormone (ADH) levels. Read More
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    Gross Total Resection of Chordoid Glioma of the Third Ventricle via Anterior Interhemispheric Transcallosal Transforaminal Approach at Two Stages.
    J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 2018 Apr 16;79(Suppl 3):S281-S282. Epub 2018 Feb 16.
    Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States.
    Suprasellar tumors in particular tumors located in the retrochiasmatic area and anterior third ventricle are challenging cases in terms of optimal surgical exposure. Several approaches have been described including transsylvian, translamina terminalis, endoscopic endonasal, and anterior interhemispheric. Each approach has advantages and disadvantages. Read More
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    Endoscopic Endonasal Transtuberculum Sellae Approach for the Resection of Suprasellar Intrainfundibular Epidermoid Cyst.
    J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 2018 Apr 19;79(Suppl 3):S279-S280. Epub 2018 Feb 19.
    Department of Neurological Surgery, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States.
    A 49-year-old female presented with intense headaches of 3 months duration. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed and showed a sellar-suprasellar lesion extending into the third ventricle. A presumptive diagnosis of a craniopharyngioma was made. Read More
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    Orbitopterional Approach for the Resection of a Suprasellar Craniopharyngioma: Adapting the Strategy to the Microsurgical and Pathologic Anatomy.
    J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 2018 Apr 25;79(Suppl 3):S239-S240. Epub 2018 Jan 25.
    Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee, United States.
     To describe the orbitopterional approach for the resection of a suprasellar craniopharyngioma with emphasis on the microsurgical and pathological anatomy of such lesions.  After completing the orbitopterional craniotomy in one piece including a supraorbital ridge osteotomy, the Sylvian fissure was split in a distal to proximal direction. The ipsilateral optic nerve and internal carotid artery were identified. Read More
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    Genetic Testing for Wolfram Syndrome Mutations in a Sample of 71 Patients with Hereditary Optic Neuropathy and Negative Genetic Test Results for .
    Neuroophthalmology 2018 Apr 18;42(2):73-82. Epub 2017 Aug 18.
    King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
    In this study, the authors present a sample of 71 patients with hereditary optic neuropathy and negative genetic test results for OPA1/OPA3/LHON. All of these patients later underwent genetic testing to rule out WFS. As a result, 53 patients (74. Read More
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    A novel mutation of WFS1 gene in a Chinese patient with Wolfram syndrome: a case report.
    BMC Pediatr 2018 03 17;18(1):116. Epub 2018 Mar 17.
    Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neurology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, China.
    Background: Wolfram syndrome (WS), caused by mutations of the Wolfram syndrome 1 (WFS1) gene on chromosome 4p16.1, is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by diabetes insipidus (DI), neuro-psychiatric disorders, hearing deficit, and urinary tract anomalies.

    Case Presentation: Here we report a 11-year-old Chinese boy who presented with visual loss, was suspected with optic neuritis (ON) or neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and referred to our department for further diagnosis. Read More
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    Clinical Outcomes After Endoscopic Endonasal Resection of Giant Pituitary Adenomas.
    World Neurosurg 2018 Mar 12. Epub 2018 Mar 12.
    Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. Electronic address:
    Background: Giant pituitary adenomas represent a surgical challenge. We present the results of the endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) for giant pituitary adenomas.

    Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 55 patients with giant pituitary adenomas (>4 cm in maximum diameter) who underwent surgery with an EEA between 2008 and 2016. Read More
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    [Preoperative and postoperative endocrine disorders associated with pituitary stalk injuries caused by suprasellar growing tumors].
    Zh Vopr Neirokhir Im N N Burdenko 2018 ;82(1):13-21
    Burdenko Neurosurgery Institute, 4-ya Tverskaya-Yamskaya Str., 16, Moscow, Russia, 125047.
    The pituitary stalk (PS) is a relatively thin bundle connecting the hypophyseal stalk to the pituitary gland; it consists of both axons of the hypothalamic nuclei (terminating in the neurohypophysis) and the system of portal vessels. Compression of the PS by a space-occupying lesion or its transection (forced or intended) during surgery may lead to the development of endocrine disorders: hypopituitarism, diabetes insipidus, and hyperprolactinemia. The modern literature lacks studies evaluating the severity of endocrine disorders depending on the PS condition before and after surgery. Read More
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    Hyperactivation of Nrf2 leads to hypoplasia of bone in vivo.
    Genes Cells 2018 Mar 15. Epub 2018 Mar 15.
    Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
    Keap1 is a negative regulator of Nrf2, a master transcription factor that regulates cytoprotection against oxidative and electrophilic stresses. Although several studies have suggested that the Keap1-Nrf2 system contributes to bone formation besides the maintenance of redox homeostasis, how Nrf2 hyperactivation by Keap1 deficiency affects the bone formation remains to be explored, as the Keap1-null mice are juvenile lethal. To overcome this problem, we used viable Keap1-deficient mice that we have generated by deleting the esophageal Nrf2 in Keap1-null mice (NEKO mice). Read More
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    Topical Imiquimod for the Treatment of Relapsed Cutaneous Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis after Chemotherapy in an Elderly Patient.
    Case Rep Dermatol Med 2018 3;2018:1680871. Epub 2018 Jan 3.
    Department of Pathology, Uji-Tokushukai Medical Center, Uji 611-0042, Japan.
    Diagnosis and treatment of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) in elderly patients are often difficult. We report here a 61-year-old female suffering from a refractory axillary ulcer for nearly a year, whose biopsy revealed LCH. It was also noted that the patient had other cutaneous papulovesicular eruptions of LCH as well as central diabetes insipidus. Read More
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    Bartter Syndrome Type 1 Presenting as Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus.
    Case Rep Pediatr 2018 21;2018:9175271. Epub 2018 Feb 21.
    Medical Genetics Laboratory, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Mangiagalli e Regina Elena, Milan, Italy.
    Bartter syndrome (BS) type 1 (OMIM #601678) is a hereditary salt-losing renal tubular disorder characterized by hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis, hypercalciuria, nephrocalcinosis, polyuria, recurrent vomiting, and growth retardation. It is caused by loss-of-function mutations of the gene, encoding the furosemide-sensitive Na-K-Cl cotransporter. Recently, a phenotypic variability has been observed in patients with genetically determined BS, including absence of nephrocalcinosis, hypokalemia, and/or metabolic alkalosis in the first year of life as well as persistent metabolic acidosis mimicking distal renal tubular acidosis. Read More
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    Endoscopic endonasal surgery treatment strategies for invasive pituitary adenoma: analysis of four approaches.
    World Neurosurg 2018 Mar 7. Epub 2018 Mar 7.
    Department of Neurosurgy,the First Affiliated Hospital Shenzhen University,Shenzhen 518035,China.
    Objective: To explore the surgical methods and clinical effect of endoscopic endonasal approaches for the treatment of invasive pituitary adenomas(IPA).

    Methods: A retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 74 patients(75 procedures) with invasive pituitary adenomas treated by different endoscopic endonasal approaches at the Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University from May 2014 to August 2017. The data include clinical manifestation, imaging features, surgical methods and complications, resection rate, cure rate, prognosis and complications in different Knosp classifications and Hardy stages. Read More
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    Extended endoscopic endonasal approach for recurrent or residual symptomatic craniopharyngiomas.
    Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2018 May 6;168:38-45. Epub 2018 Feb 6.
    Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China. Electronic address:
    Objectives: Removal of recurrent or residual symptomatic craniopharyngiomas is more challenging than the primary surgery. The extended endoscopic endonasal (EEE) approach has been proposed an alternative surgical route for removal of various suprasellar tumors including craniopharyngiomas currently. In this study, we summarized the operative experience and described the feasibility and advantages of this technique in recurrent or residual symptomatic craniopharyngiomas. Read More
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    [Clinical characteristics of central diabetes insipidus: a retrospective analysis of 230 cases].
    Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2018 Mar;57(3):201-205
    Department of Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
    To evaluate the clinical characteristics and etiologies of central diabetes insipidus (CDI). The clinical data of 230 patients with CDI in the Department of Endocrinology of Chinese PLA General Hospital from 2008 June to 2014 December were collected and analyzed retrospectively. The three most common causes of CDI were idiopathic CDI, lymphocytic hypophysitis and intracranial germ cell tumors. Read More
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    Diagnostic value of the water deprivation test in the polyuria-polydipsia syndrome.
    Hormones (Athens) 2017 Oct;16(4):414-422
    Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Objective: Diabetes insipidus (DI) and primary polydipsia (PP) are characterised by polyuria and polydipsia. It is crucial to differentiate between these two disorders since the treatment is different. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of the short and an extended variant of the water deprivation test (WDT) and of measuring urinary vasopressin (AVP) in patients with polyuria and polydipsia. Read More
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    Neuroradiologic manifestations of Erdheim-Chester disease.
    Neurol Clin Pract 2018 Feb;8(1):15-20
    Departments of Neurology (NEP, WOT), Hematology (GG, RSG), and Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (JM), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Division of Neurology (NEP), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada.
    Background: We describe the neuroradiologic features of a cohort of patients with Erdheim-Chester disease.

    Methods: We assessed patients at Mayo Clinic Rochester between January 1, 1990, and July 31, 2016, with pathologically confirmed Erdheim-Chester disease (n = 53).

    Results: Neuroimaging, including head CT (n = 17), brain MRI (n = 39), orbital MRI (n = 15), and spine MRI (n = 16), was available for 42 participants. Read More
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    Combination immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy nivolumab and ipilimumab associated with multiple endocrinopathies.
    Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2018 28;2018. Epub 2018 Feb 28.
    Geelong University Hospital, Barwon Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
    Immune checkpoint inhibitors are the mainstay of treatment for advanced melanoma, and their use is being increasingly implicated in the development of autoimmune endocrinopathies. We present a case of a 52-year-old man with metastatic melanoma on combination nivolumab and ipilumimab therapy who developed concurrent hypophysitis, type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and diabetes insipidus. He presented prior to third cycle of combination treatment with a headache, myalgias and fatigue. Read More
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    Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome accompanied by panhypopituitarism and central diabetes insipidus: a case report.
    J Neurovirol 2018 Mar 5. Epub 2018 Mar 5.
    Premedical Science, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
    Central diabetes insipidus (DI) was detected in a patient with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) who had been molecularly and serologically diagnosed with Hantaan virus infection. We recommend that clinicians differentiate central DI in HFRS patients with a persistent diuretic phase even when pituitary MRI findings are normal. Read More
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    A pituitary abscess with one year follow-up after conservative treatment: A case report.
    Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2018 Feb;38(8):532-536
    Department of Endocrinology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China.
    Pituitary abscess (PA) is a rare intrasellar infectious disease presented in less than one percent of all cases of pituitary disease.We reported a case of a 58-year-old woman with a history of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) exhibited with headaches, nasal discharge, anosmia, diabetes insipidus and hypopituitarism due to PA, she was diagnosed based on clinical presentations, endocrine examination and MRI image features. She was treated with nasal wash and antibiotic therapy without surgical intervention. Read More
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    Resolution of Diabetes Insipidus After Pyeloplasty: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.
    Urology 2018 Feb 28. Epub 2018 Feb 28.
    Division of Pediatric Urology, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN; Department of Urology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN.
    Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI), a rare cause of polyuria and polydipsia in children, is usually managed with medications and careful monitoring of water intake. We present a child who was incidentally found to have right hydronephrosis secondary to ureteropelvic junction obstruction, and was subsequently also diagnosed with NDI. After being medically managed, he underwent open right pyeloplasty. Read More
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    Suprasellar keratinous cyst: A case report and review on its radiological features and treatment outcome.
    Surg Neurol Int 2018 22;9:15. Epub 2018 Jan 22.
    Department of Neurosurgery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
    Background: Keratinous or epidermoid cysts (ECs) are encapsulated lesions lined by squamous cell epithelium. They comprise approximately 1% of intracranial lesions. Contrary to dermoid cysts, they lack dermal elements such as sebaceous or apocrine glands and hair follicles. Read More
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    Difficulties in cerebrospinal fluid βhCG interpretation in a patient with an infundibular lesion.
    Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2018 23;2018. Epub 2018 Feb 23.
    Department of Endocrinology and DiabetesWestern Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia.
    A variety of neoplastic, inflammatory and congenital conditions can cause pituitary stalk thickening. Differentiating between these causes is important as targeted treatment may be offered. Diagnostic work-up consists of a thorough history, examination, biochemical analysis and imaging. Read More
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    Recurrent pituitary abscess: case report and review of the literature.
    Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2018 23;2018. Epub 2018 Feb 23.
    Departments of Endocrinology, Pathology, and NeuroradiologyUniversité catholique de Louvain, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium.
    A 26-year-old woman presented with severe postpartum headaches. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a symmetric, heterogeneous enlargement of the pituitary gland. Three months later, she developed central diabetes insipidus. Read More
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    Outcome of diabetes insipidus in patients with Rathke's cleft cysts.
    Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2018 Apr 21;167:141-146. Epub 2018 Feb 21.
    Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.
    Objectives: It is well-known that Rathke's cleft cysts (RCCs) infrequently cause headache, endocrinological dysfunction, and visual disturbance, and in rare cases, cause diabetes insipidus (DI). Although surgical evacuation of the cyst content can result in high rates of symptomatic improvement, not only the treatment efficacy but also the pathophysiology of DI with RCC are undetermined. The aim of this study is to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and outcomes of DI associated with RCCs. Read More
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    Manifestation of Central Diabetes Insipidus in a Patient with Thyroid Storm.
    Intern Med 2018 Feb 28. Epub 2018 Feb 28.
    Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan.
    We herein report a case of central diabetes insipidus complicated with thyroid storm. A middle-aged woman who was receiving treatment for Graves' disease suddenly complained of polydipsia, polyuria and general fatigue. Laboratory tests showed hyperthyroidism, hypernatremia, hypoosmolar urine and a decreased plasma vasopressin level. Read More
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    Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus in Childhood: Assessment of Volume Status and Appropriate Fluid Replenishment.
    Pediatr Emerg Care 2018 Feb 28. Epub 2018 Feb 28.
    Patients affected by nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) can present with hypernatremic dehydration, and first-line rehydration schemes are completely different from those largely applied in usual conditions determining a mild to severe hypovolemic dehydration/shock. In reporting the case of a patient affected by NDI and presenting with severe dehydration triggered by acute pharyngotonsillitis and vomiting, we want to underline the difficulties in managing this condition. Restoring the free-water plasma amount in patients affected by NDI may not be easy, but some key points can help in the first line management of these patients: (1) hypernatremic dehydration should always be suspected; (2) even in presence of severe dehydration, skin turgor may be normal and therefore the skinfold recoll should not be considered in the dehydration assessment; (3) decreased thirst is an important red flag for dehydration; (4) if an incontinent patient with NDI appears to be dehydrated, it is important to place the urethral catheter to accurately measure urine output and to be guided in parenteral fluid administration; (5) if the intravenous route is necessary, the more appropriate fluid replenishment is 5% dextrose in water with an infusion rate that should slightly exceed the urine output; (6) the 0. Read More
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