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    1 OF 201
    The Use of Variant Maps to Explore Domain-Specific Mutations of FGFR1.
    J Dent Res 2017 Aug 1:22034517726496. Epub 2017 Aug 1.
    1 Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
    Here we describe the genotype-phenotype correlations of diseases caused by variants in Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1 ( FGFR1) and report a novel, de novo variant in FGFR1 in an individual with multiple congenital anomalies. The proband presented with bilateral cleft lip and palate, malformed auricles, and bilateral ectrodactyly of his hands and feet at birth. He was later diagnosed with diabetes insipidus, spastic quadriplegia, developmental delay, agenesis of the corpus callosum, and enlargement of the third cerebral ventricle. Read More
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    Physiologic Features of Brain Death.
    Am Surg 2017 Aug;83(8):850-854
    Brain death is known to be associated with physiologic derangements but their incidence is poorly described. Knowledge of the changes that occur during brain death is important for management of the potential organ donor. Thus, we sought to characterize the pathophysiology that occurs during brain death in patients with traumatic injuries. Read More
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    Pitfall in the Diagnosis of Diabetes Insipidus and Pregnancy.
    Case Rep Obstet Gynecol 2017 27;2017:7879038. Epub 2017 Jul 27.
    Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
    Diabetes insipidus (DI) during pregnancy and the perinatal period is an uncommon medical problem characterized by polyuria and excessive thirst. Diagnosis of DI may be overlooked in the setting of pregnancy, a time when increased water intake and urine output are commonly reported. We report two cases: one of transient DI in a young woman during her third trimester of twin pregnancy in association with acute fatty liver and hypertension and one of postpartum DI secondary to Sheehan syndrome from rupture of a splenic artery aneurysm. Read More
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    Renal Sodium Gradient Orchestrates a Dynamic Antibacterial Defense Zone.
    Cell 2017 Aug 8. Epub 2017 Aug 8.
    Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK. Electronic address:
    Lower urinary tract infections are among the most common human bacterial infections, but extension to the kidneys is rare. This has been attributed to mechanical forces, such as urine flow, that prevent the ascent of bladder microbes. Here, we show that the regional hypersalinity, required for the kidney's urine-concentrating function, instructs epithelial cells to produce chemokines that localize monocyte-derived mononuclear phagocytes (MNPs) to the medulla. Read More
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    Physiological Mechanisms of Water and Electrolyte Disturbances Following Transsphenoidal Pituitary Surgery.
    World Neurosurg 2017 Aug 7. Epub 2017 Aug 7.
    University of Mississippi Medical Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Computational Medicine, Jackson, Mississippi, USA. Electronic address:
    Background: Disturbances in water and electrolyte homeostasis are common following transsphenoidal surgery. These disorders are variable and unpredictable, increasing patient risk and complicating postsurgical treatment. Clinically, it is generally accepted that damage to the pituitary is the etiology, but the mechanisms behind the response variability and underlying pathophysiology remains unknown. Read More
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    Copeptin as a marker of an altered CRH axis in pituitary disease.
    Endocrine 2017 Aug 9. Epub 2017 Aug 9.
    Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology Med Clinic I, University of Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.
    Background: Copeptin (pre-proAVP) secreted in equimolar amounts with vasopressin closely reflects vasopressin release. Copeptin has been shown to subtly mirror stress potentially mediated via corticotrophin-releasing hormone. To further test a potential direct interaction of corticotrophin-releasing hormone with copeptin release, which could augment vasopressin effects on pituitary function, we investigated copeptin response to corticotrophin-releasing hormone. Read More
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    Outcome following surgical resection of craniopharyngiomas: A case series.
    Asian J Neurosurg 2017 Jul-Sep;12(3):514-518
    Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Neurological and Allied sciences, Bansbari, Kathmandu, Nepal.
    Introduction: Debate continues as to the optimum treatment for craniopharyngioma; radical surgical resection or partial resection followed by radiotherapy. Radical surgical resection may be complicated by intraoperative injury to surrounding structures and stormy postoperative hormonal problem. This study aims to examine the result of safe maximal surgical resection. Read More
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    Vasopressin deletion is associated with sex-specific shifts in the gut microbiome.
    Gut Microbes 2017 Jul 31:1-13. Epub 2017 Jul 31.
    a Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University , Atlanta , GA , USA.
    Brattleboro rats harbor a spontaneous deletion of the arginine-vasopressin (Avp) gene. In addition to diabetes insipidus, these rats exhibit low levels of anxiety and depressive behaviors. Recent work on the gut-brain axis has revealed that gut microbiota can influence anxiety behaviors. Read More
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    Transient Central Diabetes Insipidus and Marked Hypernatremia following Cardiorespiratory Arrest.
    Case Rep Nephrol 2017 3;2017:1574625. Epub 2017 Jul 3.
    Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Sacre Coeur Hospital, Hazmieh, Lebanon.
    Central Diabetes Insipidus is often an overlooked complication of cardiopulmonary arrest and anoxic brain injury. We report a case of transient Central Diabetes Insipidus (CDI) following cardiopulmonary arrest. It developed 4 days after the arrest resulting in polyuria and marked hypernatremia of 199 mM. Read More
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    Effect of Preserving the Pituitary Stalk During Resection of Craniopharyngioma in Children on the Diabetes Insipidus and Relapse Rates and Long-Term Outcomes.
    J Craniofac Surg 2017 Jul 26. Epub 2017 Jul 26.
    *Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Yangtze River Shipping †Division of nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan City, China.
    Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of preserving an infiltrated pituitary stalk during the resection of craniopharyngioma of pituitary stalk origin on postoperative outcomes and thus provide a theoretical basis for microsurgical treatment and prognosis.

    Methods: We screened the clinical data of all 103 pediatric patients with craniopharyngioma undergoing surgical treatment at our department between January 2006 and January 2013 and conducted a retrospective analysis of 82 patients with craniopharyngioma originating in the pituitary stalk. The patients were followed up from 12 months to 8 years. Read More
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    Hypophysitis, Panhypopituitarism, and Hypothalamitis in a Scottish Terrier Dog.
    J Vet Intern Med 2017 Jul 26. Epub 2017 Jul 26.
    Pathology Department, Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
    A 6-year old male neutered Scottish Terrier was referred with a 1 week history of progressive lethargy and anorexia. Neurological examination localized a lesion to the forebrain and hormonal testing showed panhypopituitarism. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain revealed a rounded, well-defined, suprasellar central mass. Read More
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    Integrin linked kinase regulates the transcription of AQP2 by NFATC3.
    Biochim Biophys Acta 2017 Jul 20;1860(9):922-935. Epub 2017 Jul 20.
    Department of Systems Biology, Physiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto Reina Sofia de Investigación Renal and REDinREN from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address:
    Two processes are associated with progressive loss of renal function: 1) decreased aquaporin-2 (AQP2) expression and urinary concentrating capacity (Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus, NDI); and 2) changes in extracellular matrix (ECM) composition, e.g. increased collagen I (Col I) deposition, characteristic of tubule-interstitial fibrosis. Read More
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    Lack of Impact of Hyperchloremia in Brain-Dead Organ Donors on the Onset of Kidney Allograft Function in the Recipients.
    Transplant Proc 2017 Jul - Aug;49(6):1262-1269
    Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Transplantcentre, Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Prague, Czech Republic. Electronic address:
    Background: Hyperchloremia produces renal vasoconstriction and fall in glomerular filtration rate. In 90% of brain-dead organ donors, diabetes insipidus develops, characterized by inappropriate diuresis, hyperosmolality, and hyperchloremia. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the serum concentration of chlorides of the donor and the onset of the function of the kidney allograft in the recipient. Read More
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    [Erdheim-Chester disease : a differential diagnosis of retroperitoneal fibrosis].
    Rev Med Suisse 2017 Apr;13(557):743-747
    Service d'immunologie et allergologie, HUG, 1211 Genève 14.
    Erdheim-Chester disease is a rare multisystemic non-Langerhans histiocytosis with about 500 reported cases. Typical features include retroperitoneal and perirenal fibrosis (hairy kidney), periaortitis with a coated aorta, osteosclerosis of the lower limbs, and sometimes exophthalmia or diabetes insipidus. Histology is the cornerstone for diagnosis showing an infiltrate with foamy histiocytes and occasional multinucleated giant cells (Touton cells). Read More
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    A retrospective review of 34 cases of pediatric pituitary adenoma.
    Childs Nerv Syst 2017 Jul 18. Epub 2017 Jul 18.
    Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37th Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, China.
    Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to study invasiveness, tumor features and clinical symptoms of pediatric pituitary adenoma, and to discuss some inconclusive results in prior studies.

    Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 34 cases of children (<20 year-old) who were pathologically diagnosed with pituitary adenoma and surgically treated from 2010 to 2017. Data of general information, clinical symptoms, invasive behaviors, surgery approaches, and tumor features were collected and analyzed. Read More
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    A study of neuroendocrine dysfunction in patients of tuberculous meningitis.
    J Neurol Sci 2017 Aug 13;379:198-206. Epub 2017 Jun 13.
    Department of Endocrinology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India.
    Background: Endocrine dysfunction is known to occur in various infectious diseases of the brain. The neuroendocrine dysfunction is not well studied in patients of Tuberculous meningitis (TBM). In this study, we aimed at knowing pattern of endocrine dysfunction in newly diagnosed patients of tuberculous meningitis, structural changes occurring in hypothalamic-pituitary region, assessing its predictors and correlative factors related to outcome. Read More
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    Do craniopharyngioma molecular signatures correlate with clinical characteristics?
    J Neurosurg 2017 Jul 14:1-6. Epub 2017 Jul 14.
    Departments of 1 Neurosurgery.
    OBJECTIVE Exome sequencing studies have recently demonstrated that papillary craniopharyngiomas (PCPs) and adamantinomatous craniopharyngiomas (ACPs) have distinct genetic origins, each primarily driven by mutually exclusive alterations: either BRAF ( V600E), observed in 95% of PCPs, or CTNNB1, observed in 75%-96% of ACPs. How the presence of these molecular signatures, or their absence, correlates with clinical, radiographic, and outcome variables is unknown. METHODS The pathology records for patients who underwent surgery for craniopharyngiomas between May 2000 and March 2015 at Weill Cornell Medical College were reviewed. Read More
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    Hypophysitis: Evaluation and Management.
    Clin Diabetes Endocrinol 2016 6;2:15. Epub 2016 Sep 6.
    Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114 USA.
    Hypophysitis is the acute or chronic inflammation of the pituitary gland. The spectrum of hypophysitis has expanded in recent years with the addition of two histologic subtypes and recognition as a complication of treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Despite the increased number of published cases, the pathogenesis of hypophysitis is poorly understood, and treatment strategies are diverse and controversial. Read More
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    Prevalence and Predictors of Home Use of Glucometers in Diabetic Patients.
    Cureus 2017 Jun 10;9(6):e1330. Epub 2017 Jun 10.
    Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Karachi, Pakistan.
    Background: Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) is a critical component of diabetes care. However, it has been shown that use of glucometers in developing countries such as Pakistan is limited. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of glucometer usage in the urban diabetic population of Karachi and to identify variables that influenced the likelihood of practice of SMBG. Read More
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    [A Case of Central Diabetes Insipidus That Was Caused by Pituitary Metastasis of Lung Adenocarcinoma and Was Controlled by Radiation Therapy].
    Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 2017 Jun;44(6):513-516
    Dept. of Respiratory Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital.
    Background: Pituitary metastasis of lung cancer is rare; however, it often causes diabetes insipidus. Although the majority of such patients are treated with radiation therapy, it remains unclear whether diabetes insipidus can be controlled by radiation therapy.

    Case: A 72-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for hemosputum, headache, and polyuria. Read More
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    [An analysis of four cases of misdiagnosed primary lymphocytic hypophysitis].
    Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2017 Jul;56(7):512-515
    Department of Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
    To improve the differential diagnosis of sellar region mass, 4 cases with sellar mass and misdiagnosed as lymphocytic hypophysitis (LYH) were reviewed retrospectively.The 4 patients (2 male and 2 female) aged 20-60 years old were all presented with symptoms of headache, polydipsia and polyuria.Biochemical studies confirmed the diagnoses of central diabetes insipidus and hypopituitarism. Read More
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    Endoscopic vs. Microscopic Resection of Sellar Lesions-A Matched Analysis of Clinical and Socioeconomic Outcomes.
    Front Surg 2017 22;4:33. Epub 2017 Jun 22.
    Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.
    Background: Direct comparisons of microscopic and endoscopic resection of sellar lesions are scarce, with conflicting reports of cost and clinical outcome advantages.

    Objective: To determine if the proposed benefits of endoscopic resection are realized on a population level.

    Methods: We performed a matched cohort study of 9,670 adult patients in the MarketScan database who underwent either endoscopic or microscopic surgery for sellar lesions. Read More
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    Central Diabetes Insipidus and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar State Following Accidental Carbon Monoxide Poisoning.
    Cureus 2017 Jun 3;9(6):e1305. Epub 2017 Jun 3.
    Nephrology, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan.
    Carbon monoxide poisoning is common and carries significant morbidity and mortality. The nervous system, particularly the brain, is frequently affected by it, owing to its high metabolic activity and oxygen requirements. Carbon monoxide damages the nervous system by both hypoxic and inflammatory mechanisms. Read More
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    A Case of Multiple Myeloma Presenting with Diabetes Insipidus.
    Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J 2017 May 20;17(2):e221-e224. Epub 2017 Jun 20.
    Department of Medicine, Kolkata Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
    Multiple myeloma (MM) can present with involvement of the central nervous system in the form of nerve palsy, plasma cell masses or, rarely, with endocrinological effects due to involvement of the pituitary gland. Usually, in such cases, the disease has a rapid progression and poor prognosis. We report a 52-year-old man who was admitted to the Kolkata Medical College, Kolkata, India, in 2016 with a prolonged low-grade fever and hypernatremia. Read More
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    The extended, transnasal, transsphenoidal approach for anterior skull base meningioma: considerations in patient selection.
    Pituitary 2017 Jul 8. Epub 2017 Jul 8.
    Pituitary/Neuroendocrine Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
    Purpose: In this study, we set out to define our institutional criteria for patient eligibility for transsphenoidal resection of parasellar meningiomas, and to report our experience with extended transnasal approaches for these lesions. We aimed to discuss the important considerations of patient selection and risk stratification to optimize outcomes for patients with these difficult lesions, and also include considerations that should be reviewed during surgical approach selection.

    Methods: Medical records from Brigham and Women's Hospital were retrospectively reviewed for all patients who underwent transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary disease with the senior author from April 2008 to March 2017 (938 procedures). Read More
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    Pediatric Langerhans cell histiocytosis of the lateral skull base.
    Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2017 Aug 15;99:135-140. Epub 2017 Jun 15.
    Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. Electronic address:
    Objective: Describe the presentation, imaging characteristics, management, and outcomes of pediatric patients with Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) of the temporal bone.

    Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed between 2000 and 2014 at a single tertiary care children's hospital. Fourteen patients were identified with a diagnosis of LCH and involvement of the temporal bone. Read More
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    Granulomatous hypophysitis: rare disease with challenging diagnosis.
    Clin Case Rep 2017 Jul 1;5(7):1147-1151. Epub 2017 Jun 1.
    Neurosurgery DivisionSurgery InstituteSheikh Khalifa Medical CityAbu DhabiUAE.
    Granulomatous hypophysitis is rare pathology that mimics pituitary adenoma. Diagnosis is only confirmed by histopathology examination. Trans-sphenoidal surgery is considered diagnostic when descent tissue specimen is obtained and therapeutic by decompressing optic pathway and the sella. Read More
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    A two-year audit of outcomes of pituitary surgery at an Australian teaching hospital.
    Intern Med J 2017 Jul 4. Epub 2017 Jul 4.
    Department of Neurosurgery, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia.
    Background: There is evidence that cure rates and complications are influenced by the case load in neurosurgical centres performing transsphenoidal pituitary surgery. Although Australian centres may perform relatively small numbers of these procedures, there have been few published audits of their performance.

    Aims: To conduct an audit of surgery for pituitary tumours between 2012 and 2014 in the only public hospital neurosurgical unit in the state of Western Australia. Read More
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    Impact of obstructive sleep apnea in transsphenoidal pituitary surgery: An analysis of inpatient data.
    Laryngoscope 2017 Jul 3. Epub 2017 Jul 3.
    Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey.
    Objectives/hypothesis: Although previous studies have reported increased perioperative complications among obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients undergoing any surgery requiring general anesthesia, there is a paucity of literature addressing the impact of OSA on postoperative transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) complications. The aim of this study was to analyze postoperative outcomes in transsphenoidal pituitary surgery patients with OSA. Secondarily, we examined patient characteristics and comorbidities. Read More
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    Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2016 Oct;77 Suppl 1:S11-S18
    Fédération d'Endocrinologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Groupement Hospitalier Est, 59 Boulevard Pinel, 69677 Bron, France; Université Lyon 1, 43 Boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, 69100 Villeurbanne, France.
    Diabetes insipidus is a syndrome that associates both hypotonic polyuria and polydipsia, due to insufficient or ineffective arginine vasopressin (AVP) synthesis, or to AVP resistance. The diagnosis between central/renal origin, or an abnormal thirst regulation (primary polydipsia) is required to organize an adapted management. Because water deprivation tests are not reliable, it's often based on medical history, response to treatment and MRI. Read More
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    Diabetes insipidus is an unfavorable prognostic factor for response to glucocorticoids in patients with autoimmune hypophysitis.
    Eur J Endocrinol 2017 Aug;177(2):127-135
    Department of Clinical and Experimental MedicineSection of Endocrinology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
    Introduction: Autoimmune hypophysitis (AH) has a variable clinical presentation and natural history; likewise, its response to glucocorticoid therapy is often unpredictable.

    Objective: To identify clinical and radiological findings associated with response to glucocorticoids.

    Design And Methods: 12 consecutive patients with AH, evaluated from 2008 to 2016. Read More
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    Long-Standing Isolated Autoimmune Hypothalamitis Diagnosed with Endoscopic Transventricular Biopsy.
    World Neurosurg 2017 Jun 16. Epub 2017 Jun 16.
    Unit of Neurosurgery, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
    Background: Autoimmune hypothalamitis, which is among the causes of acquired central diabetes insipidus, has seldom been described in the literature. This condition is probably provoked by the production of anti-vasopressin-secreting cell antibodies and antihypothalamus antibodies and is often associated with pituitary or polyendocrine autoimmunity. Correct diagnosis and immediate treatment are essential to avoid the progression of the pathologic process. Read More
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    Association between Ischemic Stroke and Erdheim-Chester Disease: A Case Report and Review of Literature.
    J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2017 Aug 13;26(8):e153-e155. Epub 2017 Jun 13.
    Neurology Department, Meaux General Hospital, Meaux, France.
    Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare form of non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis characterized by a xanthogranulomatous infiltration of tissues by spumous histiocytes. Neurological involvement is frequent, but ischemic strokes have been exceptionally described. We report the case of a 68-year-old woman who presented with an acute ischemic stroke associated with a multisystemic disorder including insipidus diabetes, infiltration of the aorta and the carotid arteries, perirenal infiltration, aortitis, and lytic bone lesions. Read More
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    Diabetes insipidus and hypopituitarism in HIV: an unexpected cause.
    Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2017 29;2017. Epub 2017 May 29.
    Endocrinology Department, Hospital de Egas Moniz, LisboaPortugal.
    Central diabetes insipidus (DI) is a rare clinical entity characterized by low circulating levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) presenting with polyuria and volume depletion. Pituitary surgery is the most common cause of central DI in adults. Pituitary and hypothalamic disease, particularly invasive neoplasms, rarely cause DI, being idiopathic cases responsible for the majority of non-surgical cases. Read More
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    Lithium-induced NDI: Acetazolamide reduces polyuria, but does not improve urine concentrating ability.
    Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2017 Jun 14:ajprenal.00147.2017. Epub 2017 Jun 14.
    Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre
    Lithium is the mainstay treatment for patients with bipolar disorder, but generally causes nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI), a disorder in which the renal urine concentrating ability has become vasopressin-insensitive. Li-NDI is caused by lithium uptake by collecting duct principal cells and downregulation of AQP2 water channels, which are essential for water uptake from pro-urine. Recently, we found that the prophylactic administration of acetazolamide to mice effectively attenuated Li-NDI. Read More
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    A case of acute Sheehan's syndrome and literature review: a rare but life-threatening complication of postpartum hemorrhage.
    BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2017 Jun 14;17(1):188. Epub 2017 Jun 14.
    Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
    Background: Sheehan's syndrome occurs because of severe postpartum hemorrhage causing ischemic pituitary necrosis. Sheehan's syndrome is a well-known condition that is generally diagnosed several years postpartum. However, acute Sheehan's syndrome is rare, and clinicians have little exposure to it. Read More
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    Erdheim-Chester Disease Presenting with Secondary Hypertension as a Result of Bilateral, Proximal Renal Artery Stenosis: A Case Report.
    Case Rep Nephrol Dial 2017 May-Aug;7(2):55-62. Epub 2017 May 23.
    University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
    Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare, non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis presenting most commonly with bone and central nervous system symptoms, including but not limited to bone pain and diabetes insipidus. We present a known case of ECD, which was referred for secondary hypertension workup and diagnosed with severe, proximal, bilateral renal artery stenosis. Read More
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    Oral administration of diluted nasal desmopressin in managing neonatal central diabetes insipidus.
    J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2017 May 23. Epub 2017 May 23.
    .
    Background: Neonatal central diabetes insipidus (NCDI) remains a therapeutic challenge, as extremely low doses of enteral desmopressin cannot be titrated with current preparations. The aim of this study was to describe the use of orally administered dilute desmopressin in NCDI.

    Methods: Nasal desmopressin (100 μg/mL) was diluted in 0. Read More
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    Hypopituitarism is associated with lower oxytocin concentrations and reduced empathic ability.
    Endocrine 2017 Jul 8;57(1):166-174. Epub 2017 Jun 8.
    Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK.
    Purpose: Central diabetes insipidus is characterised by arginine vasopressin deficiency. Oxytocin is structurally related to vasopressin and is synthesised in the same hypothalamic nuclei, thus we hypothesised that patients with acquired central diabetes insipidus and anterior hypopituitarism would display an oxytocin deficiency. Moreover, psychological research has demonstrated that oxytocin influences social and emotional behaviours, particularly empathic behaviour. Read More
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    Opioid-induced hyponatremia in a patient with central diabetes insipidus: independence from ADH.
    J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2017 May;30(6):693-696
    .
    Hyponatremia can be a complication of opioid therapy, which has been postulated to occur secondary to inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion [SIADH]). We report severe hyponatremia following wisdom teeth extraction with opioid analgesia in a 19-year-old female with diabetes insipidus (DI) and acquired panhypopituitarism that challenges this theory. As this patient has DI, we believe opioid treatment caused severe hyponatremia by the following mechanisms: (1) Opioids have a direct antidiuretic effect independent of changes in ADH, as demonstrated in Brattleboro rats with central DI. Read More
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    A reformed surgical treatment modality for children with giant cystic craniopharyngioma.
    Childs Nerv Syst 2017 Jun 7. Epub 2017 Jun 7.
    Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
    Objective: Surgical removal plays an important role in treating children's craniopharyngioma. For a safe and minimally invasive craniotomy, a reformed surgical modality was proposed in this paper by combining the insertion of an Ommaya reservoir system (ORS) by stereotactic puncture, aspiration of cystic fluid in 2-day interval for consecutive 7-10 days, and the delayed tumor resection.

    Patients And Methods: Eleven patients (aged from 5 to 9 years old) with giant cystic craniopharyngiomas who had undergone the reformed surgical modality during November 2014 and December 2015 were collected as group A. Read More
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    Hypothalamic hamartoma with epilepsy: Review of endocrine comorbidity.
    Epilepsia 2017 Jun;58 Suppl 2:50-59
    Pediatric Neurology Division and Hypothalamic Hamartoma Program, Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.A.
    The most common, and usually the only, endocrine disturbance in patients with hypothalamic hamartoma (HH) and epilepsy is central precocious puberty (CPP). The mechanism for CPP associated with HH may relate to ectopic generation and pulsatile release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) from the HH, but this remains an unproven hypothesis. Possible regulators of GnRH release that are intrinsic to HH tissue include the following: (1) glial factors (such as transforming growth factor α[TGFα) and (2) γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-mediated excitation. Read More
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    Long term follow-up of growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas submitted to endoscopic endonasal surgery.
    Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2017 May;75(5):301-306
    Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Santa Casa de São Paulo, Departamento de Otorrinolaringologia São Paulo SP, Brasil.
    Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of the endoscopic transsphenoidal technique for growth hormone (GH)-secreting adenomas.

    Methods: A retrospective analysis based on medical records of 23 acromegalic patients submitted to endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery. Biochemical control was defined as basal GH < 1ng/ml, nadir GH < 0. Read More
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    Intraoperative Dexmedetomidine-Induced Polyuric Syndrome.
    Cureus 2017 May 3;9(5):e1218. Epub 2017 May 3.
    Anesthesiology, Riverside University Health System Medical Center, Moreno Valley, California, United States.
    A 23-year-old male trauma patient with a cervical spine fracture underwent an anterior and posterior discectomy and spinal fusion surgery. The patient presented to the operating room with a stabilizing halo fixation device in place, and a fiberoptic intubation was performed with dexmedetomidine for sedation. During the surgical procedure, general anesthesia was maintained with a propofol and remifentanil infusion as the patient was monitored using somatosensory and motor evoked potentials. Read More
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    Xanthomatous Hypophysitis Presenting with Diabetes Insipidus Completely Cured Through Transsphenoidal Surgery: Case Report and Literature Review.
    World Neurosurg 2017 Aug 3;104:1051.e7-1051.e13. Epub 2017 Jun 3.
    Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China. Electronic address:
    Background: Xanthomatous hypophysitis (XH) is extremely rare. Only 27 cases have been reported in the literature. No XH patient presenting with diabetes insipidus (DI) has been completely cured through surgery. Read More
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    Infected colloid cyst.
    Childs Nerv Syst 2017 Jun 3. Epub 2017 Jun 3.
    Neurosurgery Department, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey.
    Introduction: Colloid cysts are the most common pathologic lesions of the third ventricle. Although they are histologically benign, they may grow and can cause the hydrocephalus. A 5-year-old male patient underwent to surgery with the diagnosis of colloid cyst. Read More
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