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Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2021 Jun 1:34894211021273. Epub 2021 Jun 1.

Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.

Background: Infection caused by species is a rare cause of head and neck infection in children. This chronic cervicofacial infection can present with localized swelling, abscess formation, sinus drainage and can be complicated by osteomyelitis.

Methods: Presented are 2 pediatric cases of secondary actinomycosis in the context of congenital lesions: 1 patient with a previously excised preauricular sinus and another with a persistent sublingual mass. Read More

Ear Nose Throat J 2021 May 25:1455613211019787. Epub 2021 May 25.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.

Dermoid cysts are benign cutaneous neoplasms that contain germ cells from the ectoderm and mesoderm. Approximately 70% are diagnosed during childhood before the age of 5. Although they can present throughout the body, the prevalence is 7% for those arising from the head and neck. Read More

Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2021 May;56(5):459-464

Department of Neonatel Intensive Care Unit, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.

To investigate the clinical features, diagnoses and treatments of head and neck occupying lesions in newborns. All newborns with head and neck occupying lesions admitted to Neonatel Intensive Care Unit of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University form January 2014 to November 2019 were included. There were 23 males and 17 females, admission age was from 2 d-28 d, and the clinical manifestations, examinations, treatments and outcomes were evaluated. Read More

Acta Biomed 2021 05 12;92(2):e2021075. Epub 2021 May 12.

Otorhinolaryngology Department, Ramazzini Hospital, Carpi, Italy.

Dermoid cysts (DC) of the head and neck are rare congenital anomalies derived from entrapment of ectodermal cells at lines of fusion in the embryo into mesoderm. We describe a 22-years-old female with an unusual presentation of DC in the subcutaneous tissue of the retro-auricular region, confirmed by pathological examination of the surgically removed specimen. A DC in this region is rare and may be misdiagnosed as a retroauricular lymph node. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 May 11;14(5). Epub 2021 May 11.

Department of Cellular Pathology, North Bristol NHS Trust, Westbury on Trym, UK.

A young woman presented with mucocutaneous blisters and ulcerating lesions, and was diagnosed with erythrodermic pemphigus complicated by bronchiolitis obliterans. Her clinical condition did not improve on immunosuppressive therapy. She had a history of an asymptomatic retroperitoneal mass, presumed to be a dermoid cyst, followed up clinically. Read More

Radiol Med 2021 Jul 5;126(7):971-978. Epub 2021 May 5.

Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, E.O. Ospedali Galliera, Mura delle Cappuccine 14, 16128, Genoa, Italy.

The presence of intracranial adipose tissue is often overlooked, although it may be detected in different physiological (dural sinuses or falx deposition of fat) and pathological (lipoma, dermoid cyst, subarachnoid fat dissemination) conditions. In this review, we illustrate various scenarios in which radiologists and neuroradiologists may encounter intracranial fat, providing a list of differential diagnosis. Read More

Int J Surg Pathol 2021 May 3:10668969211016045. Epub 2021 May 3.

21798Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Keratin granulomas in the peritoneum are a rare finding with multiple etiologies and can be especially challenging for both the pathologist and the surgeon when these lesions are grossly visible. We report a case of a unique frozen section diagnostic scenario of evaluation of keratin granulomas in the peritoneum of a 47-year-old woman in the setting of multiple potential culprits: endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma following fertility sparing treatment, and a concurrent dermoid cyst. We discuss the various etiologies of keratin granulomas in the peritoneum, mechanism of their formation, diagnostic significance, as well as implications of fertility sparing treatments. Read More

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2021 May 2;21(1):347. Epub 2021 May 2.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, 100034, Beijing, P.R. China.

Background: Struma ovarii is a special type of ovarian dermoid cyst and accounts for approximately 2-3 % of all dermoid tumours. Benign struma ovarii may manifest as distant metastasis, called peritoneal strumosis, which makes it biologically similar to malignancy, and has been reported in limited cases but never discovered during pregnancy.

Case Presentation: We report a patient with a history of right struma ovarii cystectomy. Read More

J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2021 Apr 30. Epub 2021 Apr 30.

Division of Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (Drs. Koythong and X. Guan, and Mr. Z. Guan). Electronic address:

Study Objective: To demonstrate a novel "in-bag" ovarian cystectomy technique for a large adnexal mass in pregnancy.

Design: Stepwise demonstration with narrated video.

Setting: An academic tertiary care hospital. Read More

Br J Radiol 2021 Apr 30:20210157. Epub 2021 Apr 30.

Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.

Ultrasound has a high specificity for the diagnosis of a benign lesion in cases of classic appearing simple cyst, hemorrhagic cyst, endometrioma and dermoid. However, ultrasound can sometimes be limited for definitive characterisation and risk stratification of other types of lesions, including those with echogenic content that may appear solid, with or without blood flow. Frequently, MRI can be used to further characterise these types of lesions, due to its ability to distinguish solid tissue from non-tissue solid components such as fat, blood, or debris. Read More

Turk Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2021 Mar 26;59(1):84-87. Epub 2021 Mar 26.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Vehbi Koç Foundation American Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.

Congenital nasal dorsum cysts are very rare lesions. Its differential diagnosis lies between gliomas, dermoid cysts and encephaloceles. We present a case of solitary congenital external nasal cyst with no intranasal fistulous tract connection in a newborn. Read More

Radiol Case Rep 2021 Jun 9;16(6):1343-1347. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, 408 Dickinson Street, San Diego, CA 92103, USA.

Mature cystic teratomas are rare neoplasms composed of tissues from at least two of the germ layers. In the adult male pelvis, these tumors are exceptionally rare; only a small number of cases have been reported in the literature. We describe the case of a 76-year-old male with an extensive mature cystic teratoma in the rectovesical space, perineum, scrotum, and gluteal folds. Read More

World Neurosurg 2021 Apr 20. Epub 2021 Apr 20.

Department of Neurological Sciences, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India. Electronic address:

Background: Differences in presentation and outcomes in children and adults with spinal dermoid tumors have not been documented. Surgical outcomes for dermoid tumors in different spinal cord planes have also not been studied.

Methods: Retrospective review of 59 consecutive patients who underwent surgery for intraspinal dermoid tumors at a single institution. Read More

Pediatr Med Chir 2021 Apr 20;43(1). Epub 2021 Apr 20.

Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Surgery.

Nasal Glioma (NG) represents a rare congenital abnormality of the neonate, which can be associated with skull defects or even a direct communication to the central nervous system. MRI serves valuable information for differentiation from encephalocele, dermoid cyst and congenital hemangioma. Complete resection remains the treatment of choice. Read More

J Surg Case Rep 2021 Apr 6;2021(4):rjab041. Epub 2021 Apr 6.

The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.

This study investigates outcomes of surgical management of pediatric patients with nasal dermoids with prior infection. A retrospective review at Nationwide Children's Hospital, a large free-standing pediatric hospital in the Midwestern USA, was performed. Patients were identified by the Current Procedural Terminology codes 30124 (simple excision of dermoid cyst) and 30125 (complex excision of nasal dermoid cyst) from 2011 to 2016. Read More

Indian J Pathol Microbiol 2021 Apr-Jun;64(2):385-389

Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

Mature cystic teratoma of the ovary (MCT) is rare in pre and postmenopausal age patients. Among various types of malignant transformation in MCT, adenocarcinoma is a rare subtype. Dual type tumors arising from ovarian MCT have been described in the literature very rarely. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 Apr 13;14(4). Epub 2021 Apr 13.

Department of General Surgery, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.

Rectal duplication cysts are rare congenital anomalies of the gastrointestinal tract. They can present with pain, gastrointestinal bleeding, infection or compressive symptoms on the rectum and urinary bladder. A 79-year-old man presented with a 8×5 cm swelling in the sacral region above the natal cleft with a positive cough impulse. Read More

Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol 2020 Oct-Dec;27(4):199-203. Epub 2021 Jan 19.

Department of EyeSmart EMR and AEye (AVD), L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Purpose: To describe the epidemiology of ocular and periocular tumors in patients presenting to a multi-tier ophthalmology hospital network in India using the electronic medical records (EMRs) system.

Methods: A retrospective, observational, referral, hospital-based study of 1,142,098 patients. The data were collected using the in-house developed EyeSmart EMR system. Read More

Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2021 Mar 24. Epub 2021 Mar 24.

Orbital Plastic and Lacrimal Clinic, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne Department of Radiology, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Department of Surgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.

Purpose: To review the imaging features of the broad range of nonmeningioma lesions of the greater wing of the sphenoid (GWS) bone and adjacent orbit to assist clinicians in differentiating these lesions from each other and from the most common lesion of the GWS and adjacent orbit, meningioma.

Methods: We reviewed 32 cases of spheno-orbital lesions involving the GWS from our own practice, as well as 109 published cases (total 141), with emphasis on available imaging features on computerized tomography (CT) and MRI. Features that might assist in differentiating meningioma from its mimics were analyzed for each lesion, including the presence of an osteoblastic or hyperostotic response, bone erosion or osteolysis, homogeneous hypo- or hyperintensity on T2-weighted MRI, leptomeningeal involvement, and the absence of a "dural tail" on contrast-enhanced MRI. Read More

Pan Afr Med J 2021 14;38:36. Epub 2021 Jan 14.

Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India.

Int J Gynecol Pathol 2021 Mar 23. Epub 2021 Mar 23.

Department of Pathology, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, Northern Ireland (S.R., C.B., W.G.M.) Department of Pathology, Craigavon Area Hospital, Craigavon (R.S.), UK School for Women's and Infants' Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia (C.J.R.S.).

We report 10 cases of a previously undescribed lesion within ovarian teratomas which we designate bronchus-like structures. The lesions occurred in patients aged 16 to 56 yr (mean: 36) and involved the left ovary (n=5) or right ovary (n=5). Nine cases were mature teratomas (dermoid cysts/mature cystic teratomas or mature solid teratomas), 1 with somatic malignant transformation, and 1 was an immature teratoma. Read More

Radiol Case Rep 2021 May 6;16(5):1127-1132. Epub 2021 Mar 6.

Department of Pathology, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, 53, Jinhwangdo-ro 61-gil, Gangdong-gu, Seoul 05368, Republic of Korea.

Dermoid cysts are lined by keratinizing squamous epithelium and consist of skin appendages such as hair follicles, apocrine glands, and sebaceous glands. They are usually diagnosed during infancy or early childhood, commonly reported in the head and neck region. A dermoid cyst on the back is extremely rare, with only three cases in the pediatric and adult populations. Read More

Am J Obstet Gynecol 2021 Mar 10. Epub 2021 Mar 10.

San Antonio Military Medical Center, San Antonio, TX.

J Med Case Rep 2021 Mar 2;15(1):99. Epub 2021 Mar 2.

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Fukuura 3-9, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-004, Japan.

Background: Dermoid cysts are well-known lesions that manifest as subcutaneous tumors around the lateral sides of the eyebrows in young patients. Computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is often performed to confirm the diagnosis. On the other hand, a lipoma is usually a circular lesion, which is sometimes observed in the upper part of the face. Read More

Turk J Ophthalmol 2021 Feb;51(1):66-69

University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Maiduguri, Nigeria.

Encephalocraniocutaneous lipomatosis (ECCL), also known as Haberland or Fishman syndrome, is an extremely rare congenital neurocutaneous disorder that characteristically involves ectomesodermal tissues such as the central nervous system, eyes, and skin. The etiology of the disease remains unknown. Here we present a rare case of ECCL associated with bilateral eye involvement and orbital cyst from Sub-Saharan Africa. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 Feb 22;14(2). Epub 2021 Feb 22.

Neurosciences and Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA

BMJ Case Rep 2021 Feb 19;14(2). Epub 2021 Feb 19.

General Surgery, Bedfordshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bedford, UK.

A 61-year-old man presented with non-specific abdominal symptoms, including left groin pain and change in bowel habits. Investigations revealed a cystic lesion, containing numerous irregular calcifications, with the primary differential being a dermoid cyst containing teeth-like calcifications. At laparoscopy it was found to be a Meckel's diverticulum, containing a large number of enteroliths. Read More

J Cutan Pathol 2021 Feb 15. Epub 2021 Feb 15.

Department of Dermatology, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.

Pediatr Int 2021 Apr 11;63(4):436-441. Epub 2021 Feb 11.

Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea.

Background: The precise diagnosis of dermoid cysts, which are usually located deeper than other common cysts, is important because dermoid cysts occasionally recur after incomplete excision. Ultrasonography (US) could give useful preoperative information of dermoid cysts but only a few studies have been conducted on US findings related to dermoid cysts. This study aimed to investigate clinical and US findings on pediatric dermoid cysts. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2021 Feb 10;15(1):64. Epub 2021 Feb 10.

Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur 10, Nepal.

Background: Pilonidal sinus is commonly seen at the sacrococcygeal region and few other sites, usually located at the midline, at areas where hairs collect or near protuberances or some adjacent rubbing surfaces. Its presence elsewhere is uncommon. We share an interesting case of a recurrent discharging sinus from the cheek bulge of a male which turned out to be a pilonidal sinus containing tuft of hairs on exploration and wide excision. Read More