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J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019 Mar 28. Epub 2019 Mar 28.

Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Seoul National University School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul, Korea. Electronic address:

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors that can complicate the surgical removal of intrabony cysts and any relevant correlations between them.

Patients And Methods: The medical records of 249 patients who underwent surgical removal of intrabony cysts were retrospectively reviewed. Outcome variables were postoperative complications, infection, and recurrence. Read More

JDR Clin Trans Res 2019 Apr 22:2380084419833694. Epub 2019 Apr 22.

1 Periodontal Research Group, School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, and Birmingham Dental Hospital (Birmingham Community Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust), Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK.

Introduction: Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) present a higher incidence and severity of periodontitis than the general population. Our study, Outcomes of Periodontal Treatment in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (OPERA), was a randomized waiting-list controlled trial using mixed methods. Patients randomized to the intervention arm received intensive periodontal treatment, and those in the control arm received the same treatment with a 6-mo delay. Read More

J Res Med Sci 2019 25;24:22. Epub 2019 Mar 25.

Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

Background: Hepatitis B is one of the major causes of mortality among viral diseases. To reduce morbidity rate and increase knowledge of people about potential risk factors, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B among the general population and the risk factors associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in Isfahan, Iran.

Materials And Methods: In a case-control study, 314 HBV-infected patients and 557 healthy participants were recruited. Read More

Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019 Apr 18. Epub 2019 Apr 18.

Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074.

Patients with oral and maxillofacial malignant tumours have a relatively high incidence of postoperative infections. We have analysed the risk factors and the distribution of pathogens in infected patients to try and find out how to prevent them. We recruited 312 patients over 60 years old with malignant oral and maxillofacial tumours and investigated their incidence of postoperative infection between January 2007 and December 2017. Read More

J Clin Periodontol 2019 Apr 21. Epub 2019 Apr 21.

Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh.

Last January 31 , Journal of Clinical Periodontology just made available the report titled "A Retrospective Analysis of Dental Implant Survival in HIV Patients", which concluded that "implants placed in HIV-positive patients had similar survival rates as HIV-negative patients." These data support our hypothesis that infection by HIV does not lead to worse oral health outcomes, including worse periodontitis. We looked 6,092 individuals and selected all HIV-positive subjects (N=73) and matched them by age, sex, ethnicity, and smoking habits with 261 HIV-negative control subjects. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Apr 20;12(4). Epub 2019 Apr 20.

Department of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Crohn's disease (CD) is a multifactorial, chronic immune-mediated disorder. The oral cavity is involved in 0.5% to 20% of the patients with CD. Read More

J Antimicrob Chemother 2019 Apr 19. Epub 2019 Apr 19.

University of Leeds/Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK.

Introduction: One way to slow the spread of resistant bacteria is by improved stewardship of antibiotics: using them more carefully and reducing the number of prescriptions. With an estimated 7%-10% of antibiotic prescriptions globally originating from dental practices and up to 80% prescribed unnecessarily, dentistry has an important role to play. To support the design of new stewardship interventions through knowledge transfer between contexts, this study aimed to identify factors associated with the decision to prescribe antibiotics to adults presenting with acute conditions across primary care (including dentistry). Read More

Ayu 2018 Jul-Sep;39(3):165-168

Department of Public Health Dentistry, ACPM Dental College, Dhule, Maharashtra, India.

Background: Garlic () is ubiquitous, small and commonly used spice for processing food. There are many types of garlic and differ in shape, size, color, taste, number of cloves per bulb and storability.

Objectives: To determine and compare the antibacterial activity of soft neck and hard neck species of garlic against cariogenic bacteria ( and . Read More

Drug Metab Rev 2019 Apr 18:1-46. Epub 2019 Apr 18.

a Universitatea din Oradea Facultatea de Medicina si Farmacie, Dental Medicine , Oradea , 410073 Romania.

Suppurative head and neck infections of odontogenic origin are the most frequent type of head and neck infections. According to the literature, 7-10% of all antibiotics are currently prescribed for their treatment. Since penicillin was invented, the overall antibiotic sensitivity and resistance pattern of the isolated pathogenic microflora has continuously changed. Read More

J Bone Miner Res 2019 Apr 18. Epub 2019 Apr 18.

Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Endocrine Unit MGH, and Division of Bone and Mineral Metabolism, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.

Energy metabolism and bone homeostasis share several regulatory pathways. The AP1 transcription factor ΔFosB and leptin both regulate energy metabolism and bone, yet whether their pathways intersect is not known. Transgenic mice overexpressing ΔFosB under the control of the Enolase 2 (ENO2) promoter exhibit high bone mass, high energy expenditure, low fat mass and low circulating leptin levels. Read More

J Craniofac Surg 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea.

Introduction: Cleft lip/palate is a facial anomaly caused by an abnormal developmental process. It is also the most common congenital anomaly. Orthognathic surgery is required in 25% of patients with cleft lip and palate for the correction of dentofacial deformity. Read More

J Craniofac Surg 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

MGM Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, India.

Flap necrosis is a very common complication encountered after cleft palate repair, especially in uni-pedicled flaps. Many causes have been attributed to this complication but very limited data is available in the literature on dental infection as the cause of flap necrosis. This report of a case describes loss of flap caused due to a periapical granuloma of dental origin impinging on the pedicle causing suspected thrombosis of the pedicle resulting in flap necrosis. Read More

Paediatr Child Health 2019 May 6;24(2):e111-e115. Epub 2018 Aug 6.

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia.

Background: The hepatic carnitine palmitoyltransferase I () p.P479L variant is common in Aboriginal populations across coastal British Columbia, Alaska, the Canadian North, and Greenland. While the high frequency of this variant suggests positive selection, other studies have shown an association with sudden unexpected death in infancy and infection. Read More

J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2019 Jun 27;18(2):229-232. Epub 2018 Apr 27.

Dube Surgical and Dental Hospital, Ghamapur, Jabalpur, 482003 India.

Cysticercosis is a helminthic infection caused by the larval stage of pork tapeworm, Taenia solium. The worm requires different hosts during its different stages of development. Humans are the definitive hosts and harbor the adult worms, while pigs harbor the larval stage and act as the intermediate hosts. Read More

J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2019 Jun 22;18(2):203-209. Epub 2018 Jun 22.

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Mall Mandi, Amritsar, Punjab 143006 India.

Objective: To correlate the clinical course and biochemical analysis in odontogenic space infections.

Methods: A randomized prospective study was undertaken in 50 patients presenting with infections of odontogenic origin. The data were subjected to statistical analysis to co-relate the values of CRP, WBC count and ESR with the clinical course of odontogenic infections. Read More

J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2019 Jun 9;18(2):197-202. Epub 2018 May 9.

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202002 India.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to suggest a protocol for the management of odontogenic space infections in patients with hemophilia which is often incompletely addressed by clinicians because of the fear of excessive bleeding leading to prolonged morbidity.

Methods And Results: Six diagnosed cases of hemophilia (four cases of hemophilia A and two cases of hemophilia B) with odontogenic fascial space infection were included in the study. Apart from routine investigations, assessments were also done to identify inhibitors to factor VIII/IX. Read More

J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2019 Jun 2;18(2):180-189. Epub 2018 Aug 2.

6Department of Pathology, AIIMS Jodhpur, Jodhpur, India.

Background: Dirofilariasis is an endemic disease in tropical and subtropical countries caused by about 40 different species of dirofilari. Dirofilariasis of the oral cavity is extremely rare and is usually seen as mucosal or submucosal nodules. We also present a case of dirofilariasis of the mandibular third molar region submucosally in a 26 year old male patient. Read More

J Virol 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Institute of Cancer & Genomic Sciences Institute of Metabolism & Systems Research; College of Medical and Dental Sciences, The University of Birmingham, United Kingdom, B15 2TT

Here we show that the cellular DNA replication protein and ATR substrate, SMARCAL1, is recruited to viral replication centres early during adenovirus infection and is then targeted in an E1B-55K/E4orf6 and Cullin Ring Ligase-dependent manner for proteasomal degradation. In this regard we have determined that SMARCAL1 is phosphorylated at S123, S129 and S173 early during infection, in an ATR- and CDK- dependent manner, and that pharmacological inhibition of ATR and CDK activities attenuates SMARCAL1 degradation. SMARCAL1 recruitment to viral replication centres was shown to be largely dependent upon SMARCAL1 association with the RPA complex, whilst Ad-induced SMARCAL1 phosphorylation also contributed towards SMARCAL1 recruitment to viral replication centres, albeit to a limited extent. Read More

Ann Ig 2019 Mar-Apr;31(2 Supple 1):54-64

Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Messina, Italy.

The National Plan for Vaccine Prevention 2017-2019 has expanded the vaccination offer including new vaccines, enlarging the target population and introducing for the first time in Italy a life-course approach to vaccination. A "lifetime immunization schedule" is aimed to reduce the burden and the related costs of vaccine-preventable diseases through effective vaccination programs. However, to counteract the national steady downward trend in the uptake of vaccinations that caused a drop of the vaccination coverage below the 95% threshold to allow herd immunity, it was decided to make 10 vaccinations mandatory by the law 119/2017. Read More

Vet Pathol 2019 Apr 16:300985819839236. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

8 Pathology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) induces an often fatal gastrointestinal disease in piglets. In this study, we performed a PEDV infection experiment with the Microminipig, the smallest of experimental minipigs, as a novel small animal model. We orally inoculated a neonatal Microminipig with an intestinal homogenate of a PEDV-infected pig and housed it in a small cage originally designed for rats in an animal biosafety level 2 facility. Read More

Transfusion 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Department of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan.

Background: The Rh complex contributes to cell membrane structural integrity of erythrocytes. Rh syndrome is characterized by the absence of the Rh antigen on the erythrocyte membrane, resulting in chronic hemolytic anemia. We recently came across 3 Rh phenotype probands within two families with the same novel RHAG mutation in the Japanese population. Read More

Maxillofac Plast Reconstr Surg 2019 Dec 29;41(1):13. Epub 2019 Mar 29.

Oral and Maxillofacial Microvascular Reconstruction LAB, Ghana Health Service, Brong Ahafo Regional Hospital, P.O. Box 27, Sunyani, Brong Ahafo Ghana.

Background: Maxillary sinusitis of odontogenic origin, also known as maxillary sinusitis of dental origin or odontogenic maxillary sinusitis (OMS), is a common disease in dental, otorhinolaryngologic, allergic, general, and maxillofacial contexts. Despite being a well-known disease entity, many cases are referred to otorhinolaryngologists by both doctors and dentists. Thus, early detection and initial diagnosis often fail to detect its odontogenic origin. Read More

J Dent Sci 2019 Mar 27;14(1):54-60. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

2nd Department of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.

Background/purpose: Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a type of primary systemic vasculitis associated with the presence of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA). GPA mainly affects medium and small vessels and may manifest in different organs, most commonly upper respiratory tract. Oral lesions occur in 6-13% of GPA patients and might be the first symptom observed by the patient. Read More

Exp Ther Med 2019 May 13;17(5):3701-3708. Epub 2019 Mar 13.

Department of Microbiology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan.

Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the causative agent of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL). Following viral infection with HTLV-1, certain infected cells exhibit clonal proliferation. Additional genetic and epigenetic changes in these clonally proliferating cells provide them with the selective advantage of growth, which eventually results in ATL. Read More

J Rheumatol 2019 Apr 15. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Department of Community Health & Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea;Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Divisions of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA; Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec et Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada; Center for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, ON, Canada; Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Center, The University of Manchester, and NIHR Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Center Manchester, UK; Center for Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University College London, UK; Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, UK, London, UK; Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Lupus Center of Excellence, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Lanarkshire Center for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland UK; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA; Autoimmune Diseases Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, BioCruces Health Research Institute, Hospital Universitario Cruces, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo, Spain; Emory University School of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Unit for clinical therapy research (ClinTRID), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA; UCSD School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, 4242, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Hospital for Joint Diseases, NYU, Seligman Center for Advanced Therapeutics, New York NY; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Center and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. Funding for this work was provided by the Nova Scotia Health Authority Research Fund. Dr. Sang-Cheol Bae's work was supported in part by NRF-2017M3A9B4050335, Republic of Korea. Dr. Caroline Gordon's work was supported by Lupus UK and the NIHR /Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility. The Montreal General Hospital Lupus Clinic is partially supported by the Singer Family Fund for Lupus Research. Dr. Clarke holds The Arthritis Society Chair in Rheumatic Diseases at the University of Calgary. Dr. Paul R. Fortin presently holds a tier 1 Canada Research Chair on Systemic Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases at Université Laval, and part of this work was done while he was still holding a Distinguished Senior Investigator of The Arthritis Society. Dr. Bruce is a National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Senior Investigator and is supported by Arthritis Research UK, the NIHR Manchester Biomedical Centre and the NIHR/Wellcome Trust Manchester Clinical Research Facility. The views expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NHS, the National Institute for Health Research or the Department of Health. Dr Isenberg and Dr Rahman are supported by and supported by the National Institute for Health, Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Center. The Hopkins Lupus Cohort is supported by the NIH (grant AR43727 and 69572). Dr. Mary Anne Dooley's work was supported by the NIH (grant RR00046). Dr. Ramsey-Goldman's work was supported by the NIH (grants 5UL1TR001422-02, formerly 8UL1TR000150 and UL-1RR-025741, K24-AR-02318, and P60AR064464 formerly P60-AR- 48098). Dr. Ruiz-Irastorza is supported by the Department of Education, Universities and Research of the Basque Government. Dr. Soren Jacobsen is supported by the Danish Rheumatism Association (A3865) and the Novo Nordisk Foundation (A05990). Dr. John G. Hanly is supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (grant MOP-88526). Address Correspondence to: Dr. John G Hanly, Division of Rheumatology, Nova Scotia Rehabilitation Centre (2nd Floor), 1341 Summer Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, B3H 4K4.Email:

Objective: To construct a frailty index (FI) as a measure of vulnerability to adverse outcomes among patients with SLE, using data from the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) inception cohort.

Methods: The SLICC inception cohort consists of recently diagnosed SLE patients followed annually with clinical and laboratory assessments. For this analysis, the baseline visit was defined as the first study visit at which sufficient information was available for construction of a frailty index. Read More

Cells 2019 Apr 3;8(4). Epub 2019 Apr 3.

Department of Pathology, University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.

Host-defense peptides (HDPs) have an important therapeutic potential against microbial infections but their metabolic instability and cellular cytotoxicity have limited their utility. To overcome these limitations, we utilized five small-molecule, nonpeptide HDP mimetics (smHDPMs) and tested their effects on cytotoxicity, antimicrobial activity, and mast cell (MC) degranulation. None of the smHDPMs displayed cytotoxicity against mouse 3T3 fibroblasts or human transformed liver HepG2 cells. Read More

Molecules 2019 Apr 2;24(7). Epub 2019 Apr 2.

Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, I-98168 Messina, Italy.

A number of reports have indicated a relationship between bacterial resistance to antibiotics and their lipid composition. In the present study, we characterized the lipid profiles of American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) and clinical strains of and its correlation with antibiotic resistance and hydrophobicity. The following strains were used: ATCC 6538P, ATCC 43300 (MRSA), seven clinical strains from the pharynges, two strains from duodenal ulcers, four strains from hip prostheses, and one strain from the conjunctiva. Read More

Int Endod J 2019 Apr 15. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Division of Restorative Dentistry & Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.

Caries prevalence remains high throughout the world, with the burden of disease increasingly affecting older and socially disadvantaged groups in Western cultures. If left untreated, caries will advance through dentine stimulating pulpitis and eventually pulp infection and necrosis; however, if conservatively managed pulpal recovery occurs even in deep carious lesions. Traditionally, deep caries management was destructive with non-selective (complete) removal of all carious dentine; however, the promotion of minimally invasive biologically based treatment strategies has advocated for selective (partial) caries removal and a reduced risk of pulp exposure. Read More

J Family Med Prim Care 2019 Feb;8(2):748-750

Department of Dentistry, Subdivisional Hospital, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.

Mucormycosis is a rare opportunistic fungal infection with acute, aggressive, and invasive nature, seen in immunocompromised/debilitated patients, especially with diabetes mellitus. The key to successful therapy is the early diagnosis of signs and symptoms of the disease, correction of the underlying medical disorder(s), and aggressive medical and surgical intervention. The case presented here is mucormycotic osteomyelitis of the nasomaxillary-zygomatic complex following trauma in a middle-aged man. Read More

EPMA J 2019 Mar 8;10(1):51-64. Epub 2019 Jan 8.

Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, CL-2130, Augusta, GA 30912-1128 USA.

Medicinal plant products have been used in health care since time immemorial. During the past three decades, the use of herbal supplements has been on the rise in the USA. A number of these products have been shown to possess the potential to interfere with blood clotting. Read More

Int Endod J 2019 Apr 14. Epub 2019 Apr 14.

School of Dentistry, Brescia University, Department of Medical and Surgery Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health.

Aim: To determine the knowledge of final year undergraduate students attending Italian universities on the appropriate use of systemic antibiotics for endodontic infections.

Methodology: The final year dental students from twenty Italian universities completed a one-page questionnaire on antibiotic use in the treatment of endodontic infections. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. Read More

J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2019 Apr 13. Epub 2019 Apr 13.

Department of Regenerative Oral Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.

The overall objective of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of OCP/Col as a bone substitute material for bone regeneration during sinus floor augmentation. Maxillary sinus floor augmentation was performed thorough lateral window approach. According to the height of host bone, simultaneous approach (≥5 mm) or staged approach (less than 5 mm) was applied. Read More

Adv Exp Med Biol 2019 ;1117:257-279

Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.

Microbial cells show a strong natural tendency to adhere to surfaces and to colonize them by forming complex communities called biofilms. In this growth mode, biofilm-forming cells encase themselves inside a dense matrix which efficiently protects them against antimicrobial agents and effectors of the immune system. Moreover, at the physiological level, biofilms contain a very heterogeneous cell population including metabolically inactive organisms and persisters, which are highly tolerant to antibiotics. Read More

Sci Rep 2019 Apr 12;9(1):6011. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Department of Psychosomatic Internal Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan.

Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection is related to the pathogenesis of chronic gastric disorders and extragastric diseases. Here, we examined the anorexigenic and anxiogenic effects of Hp vacuolating cytotoxin A (VacA) through activation of hypothalamic urocortin1 (Ucn1). VacA was detected in the hypothalamus after peripheral administration and increased Ucn1 mRNA expression and c-Fos-positive cells in the hypothalamus but not in the nucleus tractus solitarius. Read More

Materials (Basel) 2019 Apr 11;12(7). Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4 Louis Pasteur St., 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.

Pyoverdine is a fluorescent siderophore produced by that can be considered as a detectable marker in nosocomial infections. The presence of pyoverdine in water can be directly linked to the presence of the , thus being a nontoxic and low-cost marker for the detection of biological contamination. A novel platform was developed and applied for the electrochemical selective and sensitive detection of pyoverdine, based on a graphene/graphite-modified screen-printed electrode (SPE) that was electrochemically reduced and decorated with gold nanoparticles (NPs). Read More

PLoS One 2019 12;14(4):e0215401. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Department of Biology, University of Hildesheim, Hildesheim, Germany.

The systematic analysis of museum collections can provide important insights into the dental and skeletal pathology of wild mammals. Here we present a previously unreported type of dental defect and related skull pathology in five juvenile Baltic grey seals that had been collected in the course of a seal culling program along the Danish coast in 1889 and 1890. All five skulls exhibited openings into the pulp cavities at the crown tips of all (four animals) or two (one animal) canines as well as several incisors and (in one animal) also some anterior premolars. Read More

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2019 Apr;23(2 Suppl):51-58

Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy

Objective: The increasing number of total knee arthroplasties performed yearly worldwide has resulted in a concomitant rise in bacterial infections. Two-stage reimplantation has been reported as the most successful method of treating periprosthetic knee infections. The purpose of this study was to describe all the phases of the two-stage reimplantation and to review the literature regarding the topic. Read More

J Public Health (Oxf) 2019 Jan 4. Epub 2019 Jan 4.

Department of Rehabilitation Science, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.

Background: A comparison of the performance between monetary and an asset-based socioeconomic position (SEP) index in predicting adolescents' health outcomes was conducted only in low-income countries. Our study aims to compare these two indices among adolescents from low-income families in a high-income country.

Methods: Data of adolescents aged 12-18 years was used from the Taiwan Database of Children and Youth in Poverty (n = 2529). Read More

Int J Rheum Dis 2019 Apr 11. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

ChanRe Rheumatology and Immunology Centre, Bangalore, India.

Aim: The use of healthcare resources by rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients can be related to the presence of disease, comorbid conditions, use of steroids, and the combined use of immunosuppressants. This study evaluated the risk factors associated with infection and hospitalization in RA.

Methods: This multicenter, cross-sectional study enrolled 3247 RA subjects fulfilling the 2010 American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism criteria to examine the prevalence of hospitalization and episodes of documentable non-tubercular infections as a part of the "Karnataka rheumatoid arthritis comorbidity" study (KRAC). Read More

Niger J Clin Pract 2019 Apr;22(4):445-453

Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey.

The pathogenesis of periodontal disease is not solely based on microbial dental plaque but is the result of the multifactorial and complex interaction between infection and host response. Many studies in the literature have demonstrated the differences between individuals in terms of host immune response and the presence of genetic components in numerous pathological conditions. Therefore, periodontitis may be defined as a complex genetic disorder with a phenotype formed by the genetic structure and environmental factors in the affected individual. Read More

Vet Res 2019 Apr 11;50(1):25. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Department of Animal Production Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Chile, 8820808, Santiago, Chile.

Staphylococcus aureus is the most commonly isolated pathogen from clinical bovine mastitis samples and a difficult pathogen to combat. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are multipotent progenitor cells equipped with a variety of factors that inhibit bacterial growth. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial potential against S. Read More

Arch Oral Biol 2019 Apr 1;102:55-64. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

Periodontology Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute and Hospital, University College London, London, UK; Periodontology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Medical-Surgical Dentistry (OMEQUI) Research Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.

Objective: To summarize evidence and data relating to the implications of autophagy in periodontal disease (PD) and to describe potential nutraceuticals or pharmaceuticals that could modulate this cell death subtype.

Design: Literature searches of various electronic databases (Medline via PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and EMBASE) using appropriate keywords (e.g. Read More

Cell Rep 2019 Apr;27(2):561-571.e6

Department of Mycobacteriology, Leprosy Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-2-1 Aoba-cho, Higashimurayama-shi, Tokyo 189-0002, Japan.

Severe invasive group A Streptococcus (GAS) infection evades anti-bacterial immunity by attenuating the cellular components of innate immune responses. However, this loss of protection is compensated for by interferon (IFN)-γ-producing immature myeloid cells (γIMCs), which are selectively recruited upon severe invasive GAS infection in mice. Here, we demonstrate that γIMCs provide this IFN-γ-mediated protection by sequentially sensing GAS through two distinct pattern recognition receptors. Read More

Braz Oral Res 2019 4;33:e023. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Universidade Estadual da Paraíba - UEPb, Department of Dentistry, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil.

We evaluated the antifungal and antibiofilm potential of the hydroalcoholic extract of bark from Anadenanthera colubrina (vell.) Brenan, known as Angico, against Candida spp. Antifungal activity was evaluated using the microdilution technique through the Minimum Inhibitory and Fungicide Concentrations (MIC and MFC). Read More

J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2019 Feb;23(Suppl 1):122-125

Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Mamata Dental College, Khammam, Telangana, India.

Mucormycosis is an opportunistic fulminant fungal infection which mainly affects the immunocompromised individuals. It begins in the nose and paranasal sinuses due to the inhalation of fungal spores. The common predisposing factors include diabetes mellitus and immunosuppression. Read More

BMC Genomics 2019 Apr 4;20(Suppl 2):189. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.

Background: Apical periodontitis (AP) is essentially an inflammatory disease of microbial etiology primarily caused by infection of the pulp and root canal system. Variation of the bacterial communities caused by AP, as well as their changes responding to dental therapy, are of utmost importance to understand the pathogensis of the apical periodontitis and establishing effective antimicrobial therapeutic strategies. This study aims to uncover the composition and diversity of microbiota associated to the root apex to identify the relevant bacteria highly involved in AP, with the consideration of root apex samples from the infected teeth (with/without root canal treatment), healthy teeth as well as the healthy oral. Read More

J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019 Apr 6. Epub 2019 Apr 6.

Reader, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Center, Vijayawada, 522509, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the strain and stress distribution for DARSN alloplastic unilateral temporomandibular joint (TMJ) prosthesis and the effects on contralateral natural joint using a finite element analysis (FEA).

Methods: The replacement of the TMJ may have complications like infection, failure of hardware, facial paralysis and perforation. The understanding of the mechanical forces exerted by muscles of mastication and jaw movement on the joint helps in identifying the regions on alloplastic TMJ with various maximum forces which makes that area more prone for failure of hardware. Read More

Int J Implant Dent 2019 Apr 9;5(1):17. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

Department of Periodontology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL, USA.

The review aimed at assessing the osteopromotive potential as well as soft tissue and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) cartilage healing properties of simvastatin by summarizing its efficacy on the current dental treatment of periodontal bone and soft tissue defects, and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthritis from the available animals and human studies. An electronic search was performed on MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) using a combination of keywords. A hand search was undertaken on seven oral surgery journals. Read More

Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019 Mar 10;7(5):805-809. Epub 2019 Mar 10.

College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.

Background: Hepatitis B infection is a universal health problem. Worldwide, 5% of health-care-related injections continued unsafe. Dentist considers being at high-risk group for cross infection. Read More