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Front Microbiol 2022 31;13:915453. Epub 2022 May 31.

Department of Rheumatology, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, China.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the frequency of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV) in mucosa and blood of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients in China and evaluate their correlation with the clinical disease activities.

Methods: Peripheral blood and endoscopic fresh colonic mucosal samples were collected from a cohort of 287 IBD patients and 50 controls. Viral DNA load was analyzed through quantitative real-time PCR. Read More

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2022 Jun 16. Epub 2022 Jun 16.

Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) induced or complicated colitis is important to identify, yet its incidence is unknown among pediatric patients. We aimed to establish the incidence of routine histology confirmed CMV colitis among pediatric patients with colitis. Pathology reports at Texas Children's Hospital (TCH) between 1/1/2011 to 11/6/2019 were reviewed. Read More

Clin J Gastroenterol 2022 Jun 8. Epub 2022 Jun 8.

Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA.

Granulomas consist of focal collections of immune cells that forms as a result of chronic inflammation. They can be formed in different organs and are considered the hallmark for several inflammatory and infectious diseases. The presence of granulomas in the mucosal biopsies of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of immunocompetent patients, along with histological features of chronicity, confirms the diagnosis of Crohn's disease (CD) in the majority of cases. Read More

Gut Liver 2022 May 25. Epub 2022 May 25.

Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.

Background/aims: Opportunistic infection in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has become a serious problem. However, its status of doctors' opinions and test equipment in hospitals are unclear. The aim of the study was to investigate these issues to improve the prognosis of IBD patients. Read More

Transpl Infect Dis 2022 May 21:e13843. Epub 2022 May 21.

Division of Public Health, Infectious Diseases and Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.

Graft-versus-hostdisease (GVHD) following liver transplantation (LT) is rare but can lead tosignificant mortality. The leading cause of death following GVHD diagnosis isinfectious complications. However, there is a lack of clear descriptions concerning infection and antimicrobial management patterns. Read More

Hematology 2022 Dec;27(1):535-542

Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.

Objectives: Bendamustine is a standard treatment for low-grade B-cell lymphomas, and considered safe in clinical trials. Its safety in routine practice might be different.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the infection complications in an unselected cohort of patients treated with bendamustine over a nine-year period. Read More

Infect Dis (Lond) 2022 Aug 6;54(8):543-557. Epub 2022 May 6.

Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran.

Background: Dysfunction of both the innate and the adaptive immune systems is observed in severe coronavirus disease 2019 which, together with administration of immunosuppressive drugs, could lead to cytomegalovirus coinfection or reactivation associated with a poorer outcome. The current study aimed to systematically review the pattern, presentations, clinical course and outcome of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and cytomegalovirus coinfection.

Methods: Three online databases, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science, were searched, and after excluding duplicates and irrelevant reports, eligible articles were identified. Read More

Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol 2022 Apr 11;21(2):219-227. Epub 2022 Apr 11.

Department of Immunology, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City- Union 71/Purehealth, and Faculty of Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.

LPS-responsive beige-like anchor protein (LRBA) deficiency is a primary immunodeficiency caused by a mutation in the LRBA gene. Affected individuals present with a variety of clinical symptoms including hypogammaglobulinemia, recurrent infections, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, and autoimmune cytopenias. Except for hypogammaglobulinemia, the remaining features resemble autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS). Read More

IDCases 2022 9;28:e01500. Epub 2022 Apr 9.

Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand.

A 48-year-old man with HIV infection (CD4 count = 84 cells/μL) experienced hematemesis and hematochezia. Colonoscopy revealed massive bleeding in the colon, in which the source of the bleeding could not be identified. A total colectomy was performed. Read More

Cureus 2022 Mar 16;14(3):e23203. Epub 2022 Mar 16.

Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Prince Mohammed Bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Riyadh, SAU.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a double-stranded DNA virus that belongs to the herpesvirus family. In the immunocompetent host, CMV infection is usually mild and goes unnoticed. Patients become prone to CMV infection as a result of immunosuppressive drugs or disorders that weaken cellular immunity. Read More

J Rural Med 2022 Apr 6;17(2):85-88. Epub 2022 Apr 6.

Department of Internal Medicine, HITO Medical Center, Ehime, Japan.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) colitis is generally diagnosed in immunocompromised patients. It is rare for patients who are not immunocompromised to develop CMV colitis. Cases of CMV colitis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease have also been reported. Read More

Future Microbiol 2022 06 13;17:647-651. Epub 2022 Apr 13.

Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, 15794 - 61357, Iran.

A 17-month-old boy with a known case of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia was admitted to the authors' hospital because of blood-streaked diarrhea a week after his last chemotherapy session. Initially, he was treated with supportive care and an empiric regimen for opportunistic causes of diarrhea; however, this was not effective. Eventually, evaluation of his stool with PCR showed positivity for cytomegalovirus. Read More

Gerontology 2022 Apr 6:1-11. Epub 2022 Apr 6.

Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.

Background And Aim: The aim of this study was to compare therapeutic responses and prognosis between elderly and nonelderly ulcerative colitis (UC) patients with moderate-to-severe activity.

Methods: 148 UC patients with moderate-to-severe activity hospitalized between 2000 and 2019 were enrolled consecutively, including 74 patients with the age of diagnosis over 60 years and 74 patients diagnosed less than 60 years. Patients were matched by gender, duration (±15%), disease activity, and admission time (±1 year). Read More

Cureus 2022 Feb 21;14(2):e22455. Epub 2022 Feb 21.

Medicine/Infectious Diseases, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, SAU.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) can be a reason for severe disease in immunocompromised patients, either via the reactivation of latent CMV infection or via the acquisition of primary CMV infection. Clinical syndromes that may be observed are retinitis, colitis, esophagitis, encephalitis, pneumonitis, hepatitis, uveitis, and graft rejection following transplantation. The simultaneous occurrence of CMV colitis and retinitis as the initial presentation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is extremely rare. Read More

Intern Med J 2022 Mar;52(3):504-505

Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Lyell McEwin Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.

Eurasian J Med 2022 Feb;54(1):77-79

Department of Preventive Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey.

Everolimus-associated cytomegalovirus colitis is very rare in cancer patients. We present a case of cytomegalovirus colitis that occurred on using everolimus in a 64-year-old male with metastatic renal cell carcinoma who received pazopanib, nivolumab, and everolimus treatments, respectively. Although an increasing number of nivolumab-related cytomegalovirus colitis cases are reported recently, its mechanism of development is still unknown. Read More

Am J Med Sci 2022 Mar 8. Epub 2022 Mar 8.

Division of Medical Oncology/Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA; James Graham Brown Cancer Center(,) University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA. Electronic address:

Pembrolizumab is a monoclonal antibody which targets the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) receptor of lymphocytes. It is commonly used to treat many types of malignancies. Immunotherapy-related adverse events are relatively common and include pneumonitis, colitis and hepatitis. Read More

ACG Case Rep J 2022 Feb 23;9(2):e00747. Epub 2022 Feb 23.

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors such as nivolumab increase the T-cell destruction of malignancies but can also trigger a broad variety of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Colitis as an irAE is well-documented, but upper gastrointestinal tract involvement is primarily unrecognized. We present a patient who developed gastritis as an irAE after multiple cycles of nivolumab and initially responded well to steroid therapy but then developed superimposed cytomegalovirus infection. Read More

Rev Esp Enferm Dig 2022 Feb 21. Epub 2022 Feb 21.

Cirugía General y del Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is very common in immunosuppressed patients. It can y puede afectar a todo el tracto gastrointestinal, presentándose como úlceras o pseudotumores. A 43-year-old male with no personal background of interest, was studied due to constitutional syndrome. Read More

J Crohns Colitis 2022 Feb 15. Epub 2022 Feb 15.

Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital.

Background And Aims: Excluding superimposed enteric infection is critical in acute severe ulcerative colitis management. Whilst infection with Clostridium difficile and cytomegalovirus have been shown to increase colectomy and mortality rates, no data exists regarding the impact of common viral enteropathogens in acute severe ulcerative colitis. Our aim was to determine if viral enteric infection in acute severe ulcerative colitis alters the severity or outcomes of these episodes. Read More

Anaesthesiol Intensive Ther 2022 ;54(1):97-98

Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Russia.

Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) has become a serious medical and epidemiological problem with a marked increase in incidence and severity [1]. CDI is responsible for 15-25% of all anti-biotic-associated diarrhea cases, with a considerable increase in the 21st century [2]. Recommended first-line therapy for CDI involves oral vancomycin [1]. Read More

Int J Colorectal Dis 2022 Mar 7;37(3):685-691. Epub 2022 Feb 7.

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.

Purpose: We aimed to examine the role of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which remains highly debated.

Methods: Retrospective, observational study using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) 2015-2017. Patients with ICD9/10CM codes for Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), and CMV colitis were included in the study. Read More

GE Port J Gastroenterol 2022 Jan 23;29(1):56-60. Epub 2021 Mar 23.

Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal.

Introduction: The first presentation of ulcerative colitis may be an acute flare in about 15% of patients, requiring hospital admission. In acute severe steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis, cytomegalovirus (CMV) should be sought because it is a frequent cause of refractory disease. Herpes simplex colitis constitutes a rarer event in ulcerative colitis patients and it is usually associated with immunosuppression. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2022 Jan;101(4):e28722

Gastroenterology Department of Damascus Hospital, Damascus, Syria.

Rationale: The ongoing coronavirus pandemic has caused severe acute respiratory syndrome, posing a significant challenge for patients receiving immunotherapy for immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. As of January 2022, immunosuppressants such as tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (anti-TNFα) and azathioprine are inadvisable for an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus (COVID-19). We continued infliximab as a second induction dose nine days after the onset of COVID-19 symptoms in a patient with acute severe ulcerative colitis. Read More

Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022 Feb 31;16(2):109-120. Epub 2022 Jan 31.

Department of Gastroenterology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.

Introduction: The detection of cytomegalovirus (CMV) in the setting of inflammatory bowel disease often creates confusion whether CMV is a 'bystander' or 'disease.'

Areas Covered: This review discusses the clinical conundrum of CMV in ulcerative colitis, approach to discriminate infection from disease, and therapeutic considerations (immunosuppressive and anti-CMV treatment). CMV disease should be considered in corticosteroid refractory- dependent and thiopurine refractory disease. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2022 Jan;101(1):e28359

Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Abstract: We evaluated the association between antiviral treatment duration and relapse of gastrointestinal (GI) cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease by analyzing the risk factors for relapse.Patients who were diagnosed with GI CMV disease at a tertiary hospital from January 2008 to April 2019 were retrospectively enrolled. Patients with relapsed disease were those with a recurrence of GI CMV disease at least 4 weeks after the initial antiviral treatment. Read More

Inflamm Bowel Dis 2022 Jun;28(Supplement_2):S45-S51

Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China.

Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) causes infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study investigated the prevalence of CMV colitis, the current status of laboratory testing equipment, and physicians' opinions regarding CMV and IBD in China.

Methods: This retrospective multicenter study was conducted by Chinese members of the Asian Organization for Crohn's and Colitis and included 36 hospitals/institutes divided according to municipality, provincial capital city, and prefectural-level city. Read More

Scand J Gastroenterol 2022 04 1;57(4):449-456. Epub 2022 Jan 1.

Department of Hematology, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Takamatsu, Japan.

Background: Dasatinib, a second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is widely used in patients with haematological malignancies. The main side effects of dasatinib are myelosuppression and pleural effusion; however, colitis, such as haemorrhagic colitis and cytomegalovirus (CMV) colitis, have been reported as rare side effects. There are only a few studies conducted on dasatinib-induced colitis. Read More

Clin Hematol Int 2021 Dec 23;3(4):161-168. Epub 2021 Sep 23.

Clinica Ematologica, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna, Ospedali Riuniti Ancona, Italy.

Gastrointestinal complications (GICs) represent the major cause of morbidity and mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Differential diagnosis of GICs is of paramount importance since early and reliable identification of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is essential for a correct management of the patients. The aim of the present retrospective study was to evaluate the occurrence of GICs after allo-HSCT and to assess the diagnostic performance of a quick endoscopic and histological assessment in the differential diagnosis between GVHD and other GI conditions. Read More

Scand J Gastroenterol 2022 Mar 11;57(3):282-289. Epub 2021 Dec 11.

Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.

Background And Aim: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) colitis brings great obstacles for treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). We aimed to assess the impact of CMV colitis on prognostic outcomes and associated risk factors for UC patients.

Methods: A consecutive 77 inpatients diagnosed as UC were collected retrospectively from January 2012 to December 2015. Read More