47,600 results match your criteria Cytomegalovirus Colitis
Inflamm Bowel Dis 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Section of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Paediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Background: Data on the serologic status of childhood vaccines, cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), are limited in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Therefore, we evaluated vaccine coverage and seroprotection, along with CMV and EBV seropositivity, in pediatric IBD.
Methods: In a cross-sectional study, demographic data, IBD history, vaccine records, and serum for antibodies against measles, mumps, rubella, diphtheria, tetanus, varicella, hepatitis B (HBV), CMV, and EBV were collected from children with IBD. Read More
Vopr Virusol 2018 ;63(5):202-211
National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology named after the honorary academician N.F. Gamaleya, Moscow, 123098, Russian Federation.
Modern chemotherapy of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections has a very limited arsenal of first-line drugs. These are preparations of ganciclovir (GCV) belonging to the class of modified nucleosides and its metabolic precursor ganciclovir valine ester. After three-step phosphorylation, GCV, as a structural analogue of the natural nucleotide, competes with it for binding to DNA polymerase and, due to its structural features, inhibits its activity. Read More
Klin Lab Diagn 2018 ;63(1):51-54
The state budget institution of health care "The clinical center of prevention and struggle with AIDS" of the Minzdrav of the Krasnodar kraii, 350015, Krasnodar, Russia.
The purpose of study is the clinical laboratory characteristic of acquired acute cytomegalovirus infection in nonimmunocompromised adult patients. The sampling included 75 patients with acquired acute cytomegalovirus infection admitted to the specialized clinical infection hospital of the Minzdrav of the Krasnodar kraii. The verifcation of diagnosis was implemented using serological tests and polymerase chain reaction. Read More
Transpl Infect Dis 2018 Dec 13:e13035. Epub 2018 Dec 13.
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Background: Late CMV infections (LCMV) after the cessation of prophylaxis are well described. We aimed to assess clinical and epidemiological data on late occurring CMV infections in the absence of CMV prophylaxis in a cohort of kidney transplant patients.
Methods: In a cohort of kidney transplant recipients not employing CMV specific prophylaxis, patients with CMV infections occurring after the six month of transplantation were compared to patients with CMV infections diagnosed within the first six months (early infections). Read More
Ugeskr Laeger 2018 Dec;180(50)
Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) is the most common infectious cause of congenital malformations in Denmark. The disease is not notifiable, and there are no national data. A regional Danish prospective study from the 1970s found a cCMV incidence of 0. Read More
Oncoimmunology 2019 16;8(1):e1514921. Epub 2018 Oct 16.
Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, UF Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Controversy surrounds the role of cytomegalovirus (CMV) in glioblastoma (GBM). However, several studies have shown that CMV nucleic acids and proteins are present within GBM tumor tissue. CMV has been implicated in GBM pathogenesis by affecting tumor stem cell factors, angiogenesis and immune pathways. Read More
Viruses 2018 Dec 11;10(12). Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA.
The past few years have brought substantial progress toward understanding how human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) enters the remarkably wide spectrum of cell types and tissues that it infects. Neuropilin-2 and platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRα) were identified as receptors, respectively, for the trimeric and pentameric glycoprotein H/glycoprotein L (gH/gL) complexes that in large part govern HCMV cell tropism, while CD90 and CD147 were also found to play roles during entry. X-ray crystal structures for the proximal viral fusogen, glycoprotein B (gB), and for the pentameric gH/gL complex (pentamer) have been solved. Read More
Int J Mol Sci 2018 Dec 11;19(12). Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Trellis Bioscience, LLC, 702 Marshall Street, Suite 614, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA.
Hyperimmune globulin (HIG) has shown efficacy against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) for both transplant and congenital transmission indications. Replicating that activity with a monoclonal antibody (mAb) offers the potential for improved consistency in manufacturing, lower infusion volume, and improved pharmacokinetics, as well as reduced risk of off-target reactivity leading to toxicity. HCMV pathology is linked to its broad cell tropism. Read More
Int J Mol Sci 2018 Dec 8;19(12). Epub 2018 Dec 8.
Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany.
In kidney transplant recipients, the cytomegalovirus (CMV) is frequently causing infection/reactivation and can trigger allograft rejection. To assess the risk of reactivation, the cellular immune response against CMV is increasingly assessed by cellular in vitro methods, such as the interferon (IFN)-γ ELISpot. In the current study we compared the IFN-γ ELISpot with our newly established CMV-specific ELISpot assays determining IL-17A, IL-21, IL-22, granzyme B, and perforin and correlated the results with flow cytometric data and clinical parameters. Read More
Molecules 2018 Dec 10;23(12). Epub 2018 Dec 10.
School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao 266021, China.
Glioblastoma (GBM), the most common type of primary tumor in the central nervous system, is a very aggressive brain tumor with poor prognosis and a high recurrence rate. Increasing evidence suggests that human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is related to GBM and leads to GBM cell growth and metastasis. MicroRNAs are important regulators in the growth and metastasis of glioblastoma. Read More
Antiviral Res 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.
Department of Virology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Research, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan. Electronic address:
Everolimus is an inhibitor of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and reduces the risk of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in transplant recipients. Everolimus inhibits mTOR complex 1, which regulates factors involved in several crucial cellular functions and is required for CMV replication. However, it is not clear how everolimus regulates CMV replication and prevents and alleviates CMV infection. Read More
Curr Opin Infect Dis 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.
Division of Infectious Disease, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA.
Purpose Of Review: Cytomegalovirus infection (CMVi) has been the troll of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). Over the last 4 decades various approaches have been adopted to minimize the burden from CMVi. There has been major advancement in the management of CMVi in HCT within the last few years that is poised to change the approaches employed in preventing and managing CMVi. Read More
J Immunol 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.
Herbold Computational Biology Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109;
With age, the immune system becomes less effective, causing increased susceptibility to infection. Chronic CMV infection further impairs immune function and is associated with increased mortality in the elderly. CMV exposure elicits massive CD8 T cell clonal expansions and diminishes the cytotoxic T cell response to subsequent infections, leading to the hypothesis that to maintain homeostasis, T cell clones are expelled from the repertoire, reducing T cell repertoire diversity and diminishing the ability to combat new infections. Read More
Oncoimmunology 2018 6;7(12):e1511506. Epub 2018 Sep 6.
Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Paris, France.
Peptide-based anticancer vaccination aims at stimulating an immune response against one or multiple tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) following immunization with purified, recombinant or synthetically engineered epitopes. Despite high expectations, the peptide-based vaccines that have been explored in the clinic so far had limited therapeutic activity, largely due to cancer cell-intrinsic alterations that minimize antigenicity and/or changes in the tumor microenvironment that foster immunosuppression. Several strategies have been developed to overcome such limitations, including the use of immunostimulatory adjuvants, the co-treatment with cytotoxic anticancer therapies that enable the coordinated release of damage-associated molecular patterns, and the concomitant blockade of immune checkpoints. Read More
Front Immunol 2018 22;9:2734. Epub 2018 Nov 22.
Clinic of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) latency is typically harmless but reactivation can be largely detrimental to immune compromised hosts. We modeled latency and reactivation using a traceable HCMV laboratory strain expressing the luciferase reporter gene (HCMV/GLuc) in order to interrogate the viral modulatory effects on the human adaptive immunity. Humanized mice with long-term (more than 17 weeks) steady human T and B cell immune reconstitutions were infected with HCMV/GLuc and 7 weeks later were further treated with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) to induce viral reactivations. Read More
Vaccine 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.
Medical Virology Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. Electronic address:
A human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) vaccine to prevent infection and/or reduce disease associated with congenital infection or visceral disease in transplant recipients is a high priority, but has remained elusive. We created a disabled infectious single cycle rhesus CMV (RhCMV) deleted for glycoprotein L (gL) and the MHC class I immune evasion genes Rh178 and Rh182-189, and restored its epithelial cell tropism by inserting the Rh128-131A genes. The resulting virus, RhCMVRΔgL/178/182-189, was used to vaccinate rhesus monkeys intramuscularly and was compared with vaccination of animals with soluble RhCMV glycoprotein B (gB) in alum/monophosphoryl lipid A or with PBS as a control. Read More
Front Pediatr 2018 27;6:359. Epub 2018 Nov 27.
Center for Pediatrics, Department of Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Human milk (HM) for preterm infants will often be pasteurized for cytomegalovirus (CMV) inactivation and reduction of its bacterial count. High-temperature short-time (HTST) treatment compared to standard Holder pasteurization (HoP) reduces the impact of heat treatment on bioactive HM proteins while effectively inactivating CMV. No data are available for the efficacy of bacterial count reduction using HTST treatments that are available for clinical use. Read More
Gene Ther 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia College of Pharmacy, Athens, Georgia, 30602, USA.
Gene silencing for plasmid-based vectors and the underlying mechanism are critical factors for development of effective gene therapy. The objective of this study is to explore the role of epigenetic regulation for transgene expression. Two reporter genes, mouse interleukin 10 and human secreted alkaline phosphatase under the control of human cytomegalovirus immediate early promoter for expression, were delivered to mouse liver by hrodydynamics-based procedure and reporter gene expression was monitored. Read More
J Clin Virol 2018 Dec 1;110:45-50. Epub 2018 Dec 1.
Infectious Diseases Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; Departament of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Background: Data are scarce on cytomegalovirus (CMV) and BK virus (BKV) infection after antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR).
Objectives: We hypothesized that the immunological response in patients with ABMR or the immune modulation associated with its treatment could predispose to CMV and BKV infection. Our objective was to investigate this hypothesis. Read More
Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2018 Dec 8. Epub 2018 Dec 8.
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N Seattle, WA 98109. Electronic address:
Human rhinovirus lower respiratory tract infection is associated with mortality following hematopoietic cell transplantation; however, risk factors for lower respiratory tract infection are not well characterized. We sought to develop a risk score for progression to lower respiratory tract infection from upper respiratory tract infection in hematopoietic cell transplantation recipients. Risk factors for lower respiratory tract infection within 90 days were analyzed using Cox regression among hematopoietic cell transplantation recipients with rhinovirus upper respiratory tract infection between 1/2009-3/2016. Read More
J Infect Dis 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Background: Viral loads (VLs) frequently are followed during treatment of symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus disease, but their predictive value is unclear.
Methods: Post-hoc analysis of two antiviral studies was performed. Seventy-three subjects were treated for 6 weeks and 47 subjects for 6 months. Read More
Leuk Res Rep 2019 22;11:5-7. Epub 2018 Nov 22.
Division of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Society Wakayama Medical Center, Wakayama, Wakayama, Japan.
Thyroid dysfunction is an important issue in patients receiving autologous and allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). However, the exact mechanisms underlying thyrotoxicosis secondary to HSCT remain unclear. The present case exhibited a reversed imbalance in helper/suppressor T-cell populations and B-cell dysregulation for a long time after transplantation, and the reactivation of cytomegalovirus may have been associated with the development of clinical hyperthyroidism. Read More
PLoS Pathog 2018 Dec 10;14(12):e1007481. Epub 2018 Dec 10.
Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany.
Cytomegaloviruses (CMVs) have a highly restricted host range as they replicate only in cells of their own or closely related species. To date, the molecular mechanisms underlying the CMV host restriction remain poorly understood. However, it has been shown that mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV) can be adapted to human cells and that adaptation goes along with adaptive mutations in several viral genes. Read More
PLoS Pathog 2018 Dec 10;14(12):e1007416. Epub 2018 Dec 10.
MOE& MOH Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
Aberrations in STAT6-mediated signaling are linked to the development of multiple cancer types. Increasing evidence has shown that activation of human oncogenic herpesvirus lytic replication is crucial for viral tumorigenesis. However, the role of STAT6 in herpesvirus lytic replication remains elusive. Read More
Ear Hear 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
Objectives: To (1) identify the etiologies and risk factors of the patient cohort and determine the degree to which they reflected the incidence for children with hearing loss and (2) quantify practice management patterns in three catchment areas of the United States with available centers of excellence in pediatric hearing loss.
Design: Medical information for 307 children with bilateral, mild-to-severe hearing loss was examined retrospectively. Children were participants in the Outcomes of Children with Hearing Loss (OCHL) study, a 5-year longitudinal study that recruited subjects at three different sites. Read More
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.
Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, 10123 Torino, Italy
The human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) US12 gene family comprises a set of 10 contiguous genes (US12 to US21) with emerging roles in the regulation of virus cell tropism, virion composition, and immunoevasion. Of all of the US12 gene products, pUS21 shows the highest level of identity with two cellular transmembrane BAX inhibitor motif-containing (TMBIM) proteins: Bax inhibitor-1 and Golgi anti-apoptotic protein, both of which are involved in the regulation of cellular Ca homeostasis and adaptive cell responses to stress conditions. Here, we report the US21 protein to be a viral-encoded ion channel that regulates intracellular Ca homeostasis and protects cells against apoptosis. Read More
Plasmid 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.
Laboratory of Molecular Parasitology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas). Calle Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain. Electronic address:
DNA vaccines require a vector to replicate genes and express encoding antigens. Antibiotic resistance genes are often used as selection markers, which must not be released to the environment upon final product commercialization. For this reason, generation of antibiotic resistance-free vectors is imperative. Read More
BMC Ophthalmol 2018 Dec 10;18(1):314. Epub 2018 Dec 10.
Shanghai Aier Eye Hospital, Shanghai, China, No. 1286, Hongqiao Road, Changning District, Shanghai, 200050, China.
Background: The purpose of this study is to examine the clinical outcomes achieved by using initial high-dose intravitreal ganciclovir injections to treat cytomegalovirus retinitis in patients without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
Methods: Twenty-four eyes (24 patients) with cytomegalovirus retinitis received multiple intravitreal injections of ganciclovir in weekly intervals. A higher dose (6 mg) of ganciclovir was applied at the first intravitreal injection, and a lower dose was used for maintenance. Read More
Mol Genet Metab Rep 2019 Mar 20;18:1-6. Epub 2018 Nov 20.
Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children' Medical Center, Japanese Red Cross Nagoya First Hospital, Nagoya, Japan.
Objective: The prognosis of adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD)with neurological involvement is generally dismal; however, allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) is recognized as effective to stabilize or improve the clinical symptoms of ALD. Herein, we report the clinical outcomes of patients with ALD who consecutively underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation with reduced intensity conditioning at our institution.
Patients: Sixteen patients with ALD, who were symptomatic (n = 14) or presymptomatic (n = 2), received SCT from 2010 to 2016. Read More
J Virol 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.
Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is the most common congenital infection worldwide, and a frequent cause of hearing loss and debilitating neurologic disease in newborn infants. Thus, a vaccine to prevent HCMV-associated congenital disease is a public health priority. One potential strategy is vaccination of women of child-bearing age to prevent maternal HCMV acquisition during pregnancy. Read More
PLoS Pathog 2018 Dec 3;14(12):e1007452. Epub 2018 Dec 3.
Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, United States of America.
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) enters host by glycoprotein B (gB)-mediated membrane fusion upon receptor-binding to gH/gL-related complexes, causing devastating diseases such as birth defects. Although an X-ray crystal structure of the recombinant gB ectodomain at postfusion conformation is available, the structures of prefusion gB and its complex with gH/gL on the viral envelope remain elusive. Here, we demonstrate the utility of cryo electron tomography (cryoET) with energy filtering and the cutting-edge technologies of Volta phase plate (VPP) and direct electron-counting detection to capture metastable prefusion viral fusion proteins and report the structures of glycoproteins in the native environment of HCMV virions. Read More
Transplantation 2018 Nov 30. Epub 2018 Nov 30.
Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common viral pathogen in transplant patients that often targets the stomach. However, the endoscopic characteristics of gastric CMV infection are not well established. We aimed to develop a predictive model using endoscopic findings for gastric CMV infection in renal transplant patients. Read More
Trop Med Int Health 2018 Dec 1. Epub 2018 Dec 1.
Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK.
Objectives: A growing evidence base implicates human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) as a risk factor for TB disease. We investigated total IgG and mycobacteria-specific antibodies in a cross-sectional study nested within a rural Ugandan General Population Cohort (GPC), in relation to HIV infection and the magnitude of HCMV IgG response.
Methods: Sera from 2,189 individuals (including 27 sputum-positive TB cases) were analysed for antibodies against mycobacteria (Ag85A, PPD, LAM, ESAT6/CFP10) and HCMV, tetanus toxoid (TT) and total IgG. Read More
Int J Colorectal Dis 2018 Nov 30. Epub 2018 Nov 30.
Internistische Gemeinschaftspraxis für Verdauungs- und Stoffwechselkrankheiten, Leipzig und Schkeuditz, Leipzig, Germany.
Purpose: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection has been found to be associated with a reactivation of ulcerative colitis (UC) and with an impaired response to medical therapy. In the past, only limited data were available on the long-term outcome for UC patients with positive tissue CMV-PCR in the colonic mucosa.
Methods: Between January 2010 and April 2015, we performed a qualitative PCR screening for CMV DNA in one biopsy from most actively inflamed rectal mucosa (tCMV-PCR). Read More
J Thorac Dis 2018 Oct;10(10):E736-E738
Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Bioorg Med Chem 2018 Nov 14. Epub 2018 Nov 14.
Organic Chemistry Chair I and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany. Electronic address:
Severe malaria and viral infections cause life-threatening diseases in millions of people worldwide every year. In search for effective bioactive hybrid molecules, which may possess improved properties compared to their parent compounds, a series of betulinic acid/betulin based dimer and hybrid compounds carrying ferrocene and/or artesunic acid moieties, was designed and, synthesized de novo. Furthermore, they were analyzed in vitro against malaria parasites (growth inhibition of 3D7-strain P. Read More
Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2018 Nov 28. Epub 2018 Nov 28.
Division of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY. Electronic address:
Literature on the impact of cytomegalovirus (CMV)-related hospitalization in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (alloHCT) pediatric patients is limited. The aim of this study was to determine utilization and outcomes of CMV-related hospitalization in alloHCT patients using a single-center clinical database. This was a retrospective study of 240 children ages 3 months to 21 years old who were transplanted between 2005 and 2016. Read More
Med Clin (Barc) 2018 Nov 27. Epub 2018 Nov 27.
Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Garcia Orcoyen, Estella, Navarra, España.
Placenta 2018 Dec 13;72-73:10-19. Epub 2018 Oct 13.
Serology and Virology Division, SEALS Microbiology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia; School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Australia; School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. Electronic address:
Introduction: Congenital cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection may cause significant fetal malformation and in severe cases fetal and neonatal death. Fetal injury may be caused indirectly by the placental response to infection. Dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinases (DYRKs) have recently been identified as critical kinases for HCMV replication. Read More
Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2018 Dec;26(6):1816-1821
Department of Hematology，Zhongda Hospital，Southeast University，Nanjing 210009，Jiangsu Province, China.
Objective: To explore the clinical efficacy and safety of unrelated umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) for the treatment of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome(WAS).
Methods: Five pediatric patients with WAS received single UCBT were retrospectively analyzed. The median age of these male patients was 268 days (range, 3 days -695 days). Read More
Cell Rep 2018 Dec;25(10):2766-2774.e3
Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Electronic address:
Despite burgeoning evidence demonstrating the adaptive properties of natural killer (NK) cells, mechanistic data explaining these phenomena are lacking. Following antibody sensitization, NK cells lacking the Fc receptor (FcR) signaling chain (Δg) acquire adaptive features, including robust proliferation, multifunctionality, rapid killing, and mobilization to sites of virus exposure. Using the rhesus macaque model, we demonstrate the systemic distribution of Δg NK cells expressing memory features, including downregulated Helios and Eomes. Read More
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2018 Nov-Dec;51(6):809-812
Departamento de Periodontologia, Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil.
Introduction: The influence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) on the progression of chronic periodontitis in HIV patients is poorly investigated.
Methods: ELISA was used for anti-CMV antibody IgG titer measurements and real-time polymerase chain reaction for qualitative and quantitative CMV detection. Data on the CD4 + T lymphocyte count and plasma HIV viral load were obtained from patient records. Read More
Int J Alzheimers Dis 2018 1;2018:3128758. Epub 2018 Nov 1.
Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents the most common cause of dementia in the elderly. AD is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive memory loss and cognitive decline. Although the aetiology of AD is not clear, both environmental factors and heritable predisposition may contribute to disease occurrence. Read More
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2018 Dec 4. Epub 2018 Dec 4.
St. Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, HIV Immunovirology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Background: Memory CD4+ T cells (mCD4s) containing integrated HIV DNA are considered the main barrier to a cure for HIV infection. Here we analysed HIV DNA reservoirs in antigen-specific subsets of mCD4s to delineate the mechanisms by which HIV reservoirs persist during ART.
Methods/results: HIV Gag, Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Tetanus Toxoid (TT) specific mCD4s were isolated from peripheral blood samples obtained from 11 individual subjects, 2-11 years after commencing ART. Read More
Radiol Case Rep 2019 Feb 27;14(2):273-277. Epub 2018 Nov 27.
Department of Radiology, Hospital Garcia de Orta, EPE, Av. Torrado da Silva, Almada 2805-267, Portugal.
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common cause of severe opportunistic viral disease among patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, and colitis is the most frequent manifestation of CMV infection. Nevertheless, the development of a colonic pseudotumor is a rare benign entity that can be easily misdiagnosed as a colonic neoplasm if the radiologist is not aware of this condition. We present a case of a 42-year-old male with a CMV pseudotumor of the colon. Read More
Infect Immun 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.
School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Clarendon Way, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
is associated with physiological effects in the host. Dysregulation of catecholamines in the central nervous system has previously been observed in chronically-infected animals. In the study described here, the noradrenergic system was found to be suppressed with decreased levels of norepinephrine (NE) in brains of infected animals and in infected human and rat neural cells The mechanism responsible for the NE suppression was found to be down-regulation of dopamine β-hydroxylase (DBH) gene expression, encoding the enzyme that synthesizes norepinephrine from dopamine with down-regulation observed and in infected brain tissue, particularly in the dorsal locus coeruleus/pons region. Read More
J Clin Virol 2018 Dec 13;109:50-56. Epub 2018 Nov 13.
Virology Laboratory, Clinical Microbiology Department, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Avda. de Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute i+12, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Avda. de Córdoba, s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Complutense University, Pl. Ramón y Cajal, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Background: Our study focuses on the role that human Cytomegalovirus (CMV) genotypes play in the development of disease.
Objectives: (1) To analyze the frequency of various genotype envelope proteins (gB, gH) in a group of solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients; (2) to assess their correlation with CMV disease; (3) to study the association between any of the genotypes and viral loads.
Study Design: A retrospective observational study conducted by analyzing CMV gB and gH genotypes detected with real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-specific assays in 162 CMV-positive blood samples from 62 SOT recipients. Read More
Arch Pathol Lab Med 2018 Nov 30. Epub 2018 Nov 30.
From the Department of Pathology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (Dr Lindholm); and the Department of Pathology, Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, Colorado (Dr O'Keefe).
In the United States, cytomegalovirus is the most common congenital viral infection and the number 1 cause of nonhereditary sensorineural hearing loss. The vast majority of infants may be asymptomatic, especially if cytomegalovirus is contracted later in the pregnancy, and some symptoms may have a delayed onset. Therefore, it is important for the pathologist to identify the common histologic findings to help confirm the diagnosis so the child can be followed for late sequelae. Read More
EMBO Rep 2018 Nov 29. Epub 2018 Nov 29.
Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health and Sydney Nano, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
The murine cytomegalovirus protein M45 protects infected mouse cells from necroptotic death and, when heterologously expressed, can protect human cells from necroptosis induced by tumour necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) activation. Here, we show that the N-terminal 90 residues of the M45 protein, which contain a RIP homotypic interaction motif (RHIM), are sufficient to confer protection against TNFR-induced necroptosis. This N-terminal region of M45 drives rapid self-assembly into homo-oligomeric amyloid fibrils and interacts with the RHIMs of the human kinases RIPK1 and RIPK3, and the Z-DNA binding protein 1 (ZBP1), to form heteromeric amyloid fibrils Mutation of the tetrad residues in the M45 RHIM attenuates homo- and hetero-amyloid assembly by M45, suggesting that the amyloidogenic nature of the M45 RHIM underlies its biological activity. Read More
Antivir Chem Chemother 2018 Jan-Dec;26:2040206618813050
1 Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
While noncanonic xanthine nucleotides XMP/dXMP play an important role in balancing and maintaining intracellular purine nucleotide pool as well as in potential mutagenesis, surprisingly, acyclic nucleoside phosphonates bearing a xanthine nucleobase have not been studied so far for their antiviral properties. Herein, we report the synthesis of a series of xanthine-based acyclic nucleoside phosphonates and evaluation of their activity against a wide range of DNA and RNA viruses. Two acyclic nucleoside phosphonates within the series, namely 9-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)ethyl]xanthine (PMEX) and 9-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]xanthine (HPMPX), were shown to possess activity against several human herpesviruses. Read More