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Acta Parasitol 2022 May 19. Epub 2022 May 19.

Laboratory of Biology and Toxicology (BIOTOX), Department of Biology, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Regional University of Cariri-URCA, CNPJ-06.740.864/0001-26, CEL. Antônio Luiz Street, 1161-Pimenta, Crato, CE, CEP: 63105-000, Brazil.

Introduction: The lobster cockroach Nauphoeta cinerea (N. cinerea) is indicated as a promising non-mammalian model, because it presents behavioral and biochemical alterations also observed in conventional models. In this research, we identified and characterized the distribution of protozoa that inhabit the digestive system (DS) of N. Read More

J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2022 6;28:e20210099. Epub 2022 May 6.

University of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Basic Research, San José, Costa Rica.

Background: The intrinsic sensitivity limitations of basic parasitological methods, along with the particular biological characteristics of parasites, make these methods ineffective to differentiate morphologically indistinguishable species. Molecular detection and characterization techniques could be used to overcome these problems. The purpose of this work was to standardize molecular polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques, described in the literature, for the detection and molecular characterization of intestinal protozoa and other pathogens in humans. Read More

Indian J Med Microbiol 2022 Apr 20. Epub 2022 Apr 20.

Department of Parasitology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. Electronic address:

Cyclospora spp. is an important cause of traveler's diarrhea or water and food-borne diarrhoeal diseases. We present an interesting but rare case report of cyclosporiasis in a 51-year-old male who had undergone renal allograft transplant six years ago. Read More

China CDC Wkly 2022 Feb;4(8):143-147

National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research); Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China; World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: Intestinal protozoa are common pathogens of diarrhea globally. However, the etiology of diarrhea due to intestinal protozoan infections in China is not known.

What Is Added By This Report?: Based on active syndromic surveillance in Shanghai, Zhenjiang, and Danyang during 2011-2015 and 2019-2021, 89 (1. Read More

Access Microbiol 2022 9;4(2):000313. Epub 2022 Feb 9.

Department of Hematology, Donostia University Hospital, Paseo Dr Beguiristain 109, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain.

is a parasite that causes intestinal disease that can be especially severe in immunocompromised patients. Most cases occur in tropical and subtropical areas, and in industrialized countries their diagnosis is mostly linked to international travel or the ingestion of imported food. We describe this case of severe diarrhoea in a patient with diffuse large B cell lymphoma and no epidemiological risk factors that was successfully treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-STX). Read More

Microorganisms 2022 Mar 4;10(3). Epub 2022 Mar 4.

Centre for Food-Borne and Animal Parasitology, Saskatoon Laboratory, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, 116 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2R3, Canada.

To facilitate the harmonized surveillance and investigation of cyclosporiasis outbreaks in the US and Canada, we adapted and verified the US-FDA's BAM 19b method and employed it in a national produce survey. Performance was verified by spiking 200, 10, 5 or 0 oocysts onto berries (50 ± 5 g, = 85) and 200, 10 or 0 oocysts onto green onions (25 ± 3 g, = 24) and leafy greens (25 ± 1 g, = 120) and testing these samples by the BAM method on Bio-Rad CFX96. Method robustness was assessed by aging (0 or 7 days) and freezing the produce and washes prior to testing, then implementing the method for the surveillance testing of 1759 imported leafy green, herb and berry samples. Read More

Food Microbiol 2022 Jun 12;104:103980. Epub 2022 Jan 12.

Parasitology, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, PO box 5003, Ås, 1432, Norway. Electronic address:

The risk of foodborne parasite infection linked to the consumption of contaminated fresh produce has long been known. However, despite epidemiological links between the outbreaks and contaminated berries, few studies have assessed the magnitude of parasite contamination on fresh produce sold in Europe. The present study was aimed to address the knowledge gap on parasite contamination of berries sold in Norway. Read More

Pathogens 2022 Jan 26;11(2). Epub 2022 Jan 26.

Department of Hospital Hygiene & Infectious Diseases, University Medicine Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany.

Diagnostic real-time PCR for the detection of in human stool samples has been applied for two decades. However, recent comparative assessments between in-house and commercial assays suggested room for improvement regarding the agreement of positive signals of the applied real-time PCRs. In order to assess the effect of the choice of the target sequence, 3 inhouse real time PCR assays targeting the 18S rRNA gene ( = 2, one of them later referred to as SSU rRNA gene assay to avoid confusion) and the gene of were compared in a head-to-head comparison with 905 samples with high pretest probability for infections from Ghanaian HIV patients in a test comparison without a reference standard. Read More

Microorganisms 2022 Feb 15;10(2). Epub 2022 Feb 15.

National Microbiology Laboratory at Guelph, Division of Enteric Diseases, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, ON N1G 3W4, Canada.

is an emerging foodborne parasite that causes cyclosporiasis, an enteric disease of humans. Domestically acquired outbreaks have been reported in Canada every spring or summer since 2013. To date, investigations into the potential sources of infection have relied solely on epidemiological data. Read More

Mar Pollut Bull 2022 Mar 9;176:113428. Epub 2022 Feb 9.

CNR-IRBIM, National Research Council - Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnologies, 71010 Lesina, Foggia, Italy.

The occurrence of the protozoan parasites Toxoplasma gondii and Cyclospora cayetanensis was molecularly investigated in the hemolymph, gills, stomach, hepatopancreas and gonads of the eleven invasive Atlantic blue crab Callinectes sapidus from the Lesina Lagoon (Mediterranean Sea). Out of 11 blue crabs, 6 (54.5%) and 4 (36. Read More

Parasite 2022 9;29. Epub 2022 Feb 9.

Parasitology-Mycology Laboratory, Bichat-Claude Bernard hospital, APHP, 75018 Paris, France - IRD MERIT UMR 261, Pharmacy Faculty, Paris University, 75006 Paris, France.

Commercial multiplex PCR assay panels were developed to overcome the limitations of microscopic examination for parasitological diagnosis on stool samples. However, given the increased supply of this diagnostic approach, these assays must be evaluated to position them in a diagnostic algorithm. Analytical performances of the multiplex PCR assay G-DiaParaTrio, Allplex GI parasite and RIDAGENE parasitic stool panel for detecting Blastocystis sp. Read More

Microbiol Resour Announc 2022 Feb 3;11(2):e0107221. Epub 2022 Feb 3.

Division of Enteric Diseases, National Microbiology Laboratory at Guelph, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.

The apicomplexan parasite Cyclospora cayetanensis causes foodborne gastrointestinal disease in humans. Here, we report the first hybrid assembly for C. cayetanensis, which uses both Illumina MiSeq and Oxford Nanopore Technologies MinION platforms to generate genomic sequence data. Read More

Microorganisms 2022 Jan 6;10(1). Epub 2022 Jan 6.

Animal Parasitic Disease Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Building 1001, BARC-East, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.

Although infections with are prevalent worldwide, many aspects of this parasite's life cycle and transmission remain unknown. Humans are the only known hosts of this parasite. Existing information on its endogenous development has been derived from histological examination of only a few biopsy specimens. Read More

Trends Parasitol 2022 05 3;38(5):419-420. Epub 2021 Dec 3.

College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases of Henan, Zhengzhou 450046, China. Electronic address:

Sci Total Environ 2022 Feb 24;806(Pt 2):150562. Epub 2021 Sep 24.

Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, PR China. Electronic address:

The aim of this review is to identify the worldwide trend of waterborne protozoan outbreaks and how it varies between geographic regions during the period from 2017 to 2020. Data about waterborne protozoan outbreaks were gathered and stratified by continent, country, water source, and protozoan species associated with the outbreak. The highest prevalence of waterborne protozoan outbreaks was reported in developed countries. Read More

Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2021 Nov 26. Epub 2021 Nov 26.

Instituto de Previsión y Asistencia Social del Ministerio de Educación, Laboratorio de Citología, Avenue Cecilio Acosta, Maracaibo 4005, Venezuela.

Background: Cyclosporiasis has a marked seasonality. Few community-based studies have addressed this issue and there are no reports from Venezuela. A study was conducted to determine the seasonal variation of infection in a community from Falcon State, Venezuela. Read More

Food Sci Biotechnol 2021 Oct 23;30(10):1393-1401. Epub 2021 Sep 23.

Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, 4726, Seodong-daero, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea.

The risk of foodborne illnesses caused by pathogens could be increased in fresh-cut fruit products owing to contamination during processing. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the microbiological quality and safety of commercial fresh-cut fruit products in Korea. Additionally, the growth of in selected fresh-cut fruits was evaluated, and their growth curves were analyzed using predictive growth modeling. Read More

Front Vet Sci 2021 29;8:696568. Epub 2021 Sep 29.

Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Previous epidemiological studies have confirmed non-human primates (NHPs) as reservoirs for spp. , , and . It highlights the possibility of interspecies transmission between humans and macaques in laboratory animal facilities. Read More

J Infect Dis 2021 Oct 4. Epub 2021 Oct 4.

Parasitic Diseases Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

Cyclosporiasis is a diarrheal illness caused by the food-borne parasite Cyclospora cayetanensis. Annually reported cases have been increasing in the United States prompting development of genotyping tools to aid cluster detection. A recently developed Cyclospora genotyping system based on eight genetic markers was applied to clinical samples collected during the cyclosporiasis peak-period of 2020, facilitating assessment of its epidemiologic utility. Read More

PLoS One 2021 1;16(10):e0258157. Epub 2021 Oct 1.

United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD, United States of America.

Eimeria parasites cause enteric disease in livestock and the closely related Cyclospora cayetanensis causes human disease. Oocysts of these coccidian parasites undergo maturation (sporulation) before becoming infectious. Here, we assessed transcription in maturing oocysts of Eimeria acervulina, a widespread chicken parasite, predicted gene functions, and determined which of these genes also occur in C. Read More

Microorganisms 2021 Sep 2;9(9). Epub 2021 Sep 2.

Division of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.

is an intestinal coccidian parasite transmitted to humans through the consumption of oocysts in fecally contaminated food and water. Infection is found worldwide and is highly endemic in tropical and subtropical regions with poor sanitation. Disease in developed countries is usually observed in travelers and in seasonal outbreaks associated with imported produce from endemic areas. Read More

Epidemiol Infect 2021 09 13;149:e214. Epub 2021 Sep 13.

Parasitic Diseases Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.

Cyclosporiasis is an illness characterised by watery diarrhoea caused by the food-borne parasite Cyclospora cayetanensis. The increase in annual US cyclosporiasis cases led public health agencies to develop genotyping tools that aid outbreak investigations. A team at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) developed a system based on deep amplicon sequencing and machine learning, for detecting genetically-related clusters of cyclosporiasis to aid epidemiologic investigations. Read More

Parasitol Res 2021 Aug 31;120(8):2887-2895. Epub 2021 Jul 31.

Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.

Few data are available on the genetic identity of enteric protists Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis, and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in humans in Thailand. In this study, 254 stool samples were collected from primary school children from Ratchaburi Province at the Thai-Myanmar border and examined for Cryptosporidium spp. Read More

Am J Trop Med Hyg 2021 07;105(1):254-260

1Centre de Recherche Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon.

Diarrheal disease is the second most frequent cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years worldwide, causing more than half a million deaths each year. Our knowledge of the epidemiology of potentially pathogenic agents found in children suffering from diarrhea in sub-Saharan African countries is still patchy, and thereby hinders implementation of effective preventative interventions. The lack of cheap, easy-to-use diagnostic tools leads to mostly symptomatic and empirical case management. Read More

Curr Rheumatol Rep 2021 07 1;23(7):53. Epub 2021 Jul 1.

Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.

Purpose Of Review: This article presents a comprehensive narrative review of reactive arthritis (ReA) with focus on articles published between 2018 and 2020. We discuss the entire spectrum of microbial agents known to be the main causative agents of ReA, those reported to be rare infective agents, and those reported to be new candidates causing the disease. The discussion is set within the context of changing disease terminology, definition, and classification over time. Read More

Ann Agric Environ Med 2021 Jun 6;28(2):267-270. Epub 2021 May 6.

Department of Parasitology, Faculty Medicine, Ordu University, Turkey.

Introduction And Objective: , a coccidian protozoan species, has been recently found to cause diarrhea in all age groups in immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals in most regions of the world. This study aimed to conduct the molecular detection of and to determine the genetic diversity of the 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequence of isolated from individuals living in different provinces in Turkey by using PCR-single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP).

Material And Methods: A total of 22 subjects were included in the study. Read More

Food Waterborne Parasitol 2021 Jun 26;23:e00124. Epub 2021 Apr 26.

Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, Brno 621 00, Czech Republic.

The current trend for a healthy lifestyle corresponds with a healthy diet, which is associated with regular and frequent consumption of raw fruit and vegetables. However, consumption of ready-to-eat (RTE) food without heat treatment or sufficient washing may pose a risk to consumers. Among the well-known protozoan parasites associated with RTE food and water are spp. Read More

Zoonoses Public Health 2021 12 22;68(8):861-867. Epub 2021 Jun 22.

Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.

Cyclosporiasis is a global, emerging disease in humans caused by Cyclospora cayetanensis. The role of animals in the epidemiology of cyclosporiasis is not fully understood. We conducted a narrative review of the published literature on C. Read More

Transplant Rev (Orlando) 2021 12 2;35(4):100632. Epub 2021 Jun 2.

Unit of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital "12 de Octubre", Research Institute Hospital "12 de Octubre" (imas12), Madrid, Spain; Department of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.

International migration from Sub-Saharan African countries to the European Union and the United States has significantly increased over the past decades. Although the vast majority of these immigrants are young and healthy people, a minority can be affected by chronic conditions eventually leading to solid organ transplantation (SOT). Importantly, these candidates can bear geographically restricted fungal and parasitic latent infections that can reactivate after the procedure. Read More

Biomedica 2021 05 31;41(Supl. 1):60-81. Epub 2021 May 31.

Área de Bienestar Animal, Fundación Zoológico de Cali, Cali, Colombia.

Introduction: Enteroparasites can cause problems in animals kept under human care in zoos and shelters. Wild animals have low parasitic loads but when sheltered in closed places they can be higher and lead to clinical manifestations, which increases the cost of medical treatments and care. On the other hand, some enteroparasites can represent a potential risk of zoonotic infection for their animal keepers, visitors, and other zoo animals. Read More