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Braz J Med Biol Res 2020 26;53(8):e9469. Epub 2020 Jun 26.

Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.

This is a retrospective, single-center observational study to explore the predictors of chest drainage for neonatal pneumothorax. A total of 183 neonates (age ≤28 days) who presented to the Children's Hospital of Soochow University between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2018 for pneumothorax or developed pneumothorax during a hospital stay were included. Demographic data, clinical presentation, and imaging characteristics of neonatal pneumothorax were collected and analyzed. Read More

Epilepsy Behav 2020 Jun 27;111:107187. Epub 2020 Jun 27.

Services d'explorations fonctionnelles, Centre de médecine du sommeil, Hôpital Antoine-Béclère, AP-HP, Clamart, France; Service de pédiatrie, Centre hospitalier intercommunal André Grégoire, Montreuil, France. Electronic address:

Introduction: Sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 2 (SCN2A) gene encodes the Nav1.2 subunit of voltage-gated sodium channel in pyramidal neurons. SCN2A gain-of-function mutations are identified more and more often with gene panels and whole exome sequencing. Read More

Cardiol Young 2020 Jun 16:1-4. Epub 2020 Jun 16.

Division of Radiology, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Cadiz, Spain.

We present our recent experience with a 6-month-old infant with a personal history of short bowel syndrome that presented with fever, cyanosis, and cardiogenic shock secondary to severe pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular failure without pulmonary thromboembolism. He did not present signs of toxin-mediated disease or Kawasaki disease. He was finally diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Read More

AORN J 2020 Jul;112(1):73-80

Ensuring patient safety under time pressure Key words: on-time starts, turnover time, briefing, team communication, delays. Holes in the outer layer of sterilization wraps Key words: package integrity, defects, sterilization wrap, contaminated item, sterile field. Changing surgical attire after smoking outside Key words: surgical attire, cigarette smoke, tobacco smoke, third-hand smoke, wound healing. Read More

Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020 Jun 24. Epub 2020 Jun 24.

Departments of Cellular and Integrative Physiology and Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, South Bend, IN, 46617, USA. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN, 46617.

Proper development of the respiratory bronchiole and alveolar epithelium proceeds through coordinated crosstalk between the interface of epithelium and neighboring mesenchyme. Signals that facilitate and coordinate the crosstalk as the bronchial forming canalicular stage transitions to construction of air-exchanging, capillary-alveoli niche in the alveolar stage are poorly understood. Expressed within this decisive region, levels of Aminoacyl tRNA Synthetase Complex Interacting Multifunctional Protein 1 (AIMP1) inversely correlates with the maturation of the lung. Read More

Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2020 Apr;66(4):547-557

. Pós-Doutorado em Saúde Mental, Psiquiatra, Professor de Medicina na Universidade Estadual do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil.

Introduction: A covid-19 pandemic decreed by WHO has raised greater awareness of it.

Epidemiology: The infection, reached the mark of 2,000,000 patients in 33 countries and caused the risk of the presence of comorbidities and advanced age.

Transmissibility: The transmissibility calculated so far is similar to the H1N1 epidemic, but with lower mortality rates. Read More

J Vet Cardiol 2020 May 4;30:1-6. Epub 2020 May 4.

Purdue University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, 625 Harrison Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2026, USA.

A 27-month-old male neutered French bulldog that was originally diagnosed with tricuspid valve dysplasia and a bidirectional shunting patent foramen ovale was evaluated for progressive polycythemia and exertional cyanosis. There was a high clinical suspicion for a right-to-left shunting patent ductus arteriosus, but given the presence of agitated saline within the left atrium, left ventricle, ascending aorta, and abdominal aorta from the previously diagnosed bidirectional shunting patent foramen ovale, a definitive diagnosis could not be made. The use of dynamic and static nuclear scintigraphy imaging using technetium-labeled macroaggregated albumin (Tc-MAA) allowed a definitive diagnosis to be made in this animal with multilevel right-to-left shunting as well as quantifying the severity of the right-to-left shunt in a minimally invasive and cost-effective manner. Read More

Turk J Pediatr 2020 ;62(3):505-508

Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.

Background: Nasal obstruction may cause short- and long-term problems such as respiratory distress, cyanosis, apnea, difficulty during feeding, and failure to thrive during the newborn period; since newborns are obligatory nasal breathers. Compression effect of the nasal cannulas and prongs used during respiratory support and nasal aspiration applications to clear the airways of secretions may result in nasal synechiae and acquired iatrogenic nasal obstruction.

Case: In this case report, we present a premature newborn with nasal synechiae secondary to long-term nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nasal CPAP) applications and routine upper airway nursing care. Read More

Cureus 2020 May 16;12(5):e8161. Epub 2020 May 16.

Otolaryngology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, USA.

A typical presentation of a foreign body aspiration (FBA) in a child includes witnessed choking, respiratory distress, cyanosis, coughing, wheezing, diminished breath sounds, and/or altered mental status. Following an extensive literature review, we found pneumothorax occurring secondary to FBA is a rare occurrence and should elicit prompt treatment. This 17-month-old female was admitted for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis and developed a subsequent pneumothorax during her hospital stay, consequent to aspiration of a cashew fragment two weeks before presentation. Read More

Case Rep Med 2020 27;2020:7904190. Epub 2020 May 27.

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka.

Phosphatidate phosphatase-1 (lipin-1) is encoded by gene. Lipin-1 deficiency has been reported as the second most common cause of early-onset rhabdomyolysis after primary fatty acid oxidation disorders. We report a case of a 32-year-old Sri Lankan female with a history of more than 10 episodes of rhabdomyolysis and exercise intolerance since childhood. Read More

J Cardiol Cases 2020 Jun 16;21(6):242-245. Epub 2020 Apr 16.

Department of Cardiology, LPS Institute of Cardiology, Kanpur, India.

Pulmonary arterio-venous fistula is an uncommon cause of cyanosis and should be suspected when normal cardiac examination is associated without evidence of intra-cardiac shunt. Diagnosis of extra-cardiac shunt can be suspected by contrast echocardiography using agitated saline and confirmation of pulmonary arterio-venous fistula can be made by computed tomography pulmonary angiography with information regarding the size feeding vessels necessary for the planning of intervention. With the advancement of trans-catheter devices, fistula can be occluded successfully by embolotherapy. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 Jun;99(24):e20505

Department of Hematology Oncology.

Introduction: X-linked hyper-IgM syndrome is a type of primary combined immunodeficiency disorder caused by mutations in CD40 ligand. Opportunistic infections caused by P jirovecii, cytomegalovirus (CMV), or fungi are frequently the first presenting symptom of the patients with X-linked hyper-IgM syndrome.

Patient Concerns: Here, we report a 10-month-old infant who presented with cyanosis and shortness of breath. Read More

Pan Afr Med J 2020 21;35:51. Epub 2020 Feb 21.

Service de Réanimation Mère-Enfant, CHU Hassan II, Fès, Maroc.

Perthes syndrome is defined by the association among subconjunctival hemorrhage, cervicofacial cyanosis and petechiae up to neurological manifestations. Violent compression of the thorax or thoracoabdominal block after forced inspiration with glottis closure due to effort is the mechanism responsible for the syndrome. Prognosis is generally good if the compression is brief and cardiopulmonary resuscitation has been started early. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2020 Jun 3;136:110158. Epub 2020 Jun 3.

Albert Einstein School of Medicine, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA; Montefiore Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Bronx, NY, USA. Electronic address:

Congenital airway malformations can present with respiratory distress, cyanosis, and difficulty feeding in the neonate or infant. Clinical presentation may vary from asymptomatic to fatal airway obstruction. They may exist in isolation or in association with vascular rings and slings, bronchopulmonary malformations, and/or syndromes. Read More

Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud 2020 Jun 12;6(3). Epub 2020 Jun 12.

Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and The Perinatal Institute, Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA.

The ATP-binding cassette transporter member A3 (ABCA3) is a lipid transporter with a critical function in pulmonary surfactant biogenesis. Biallelic loss-of-function mutations in result in severe surfactant deficiency leading to neonatal respiratory failure with death in the first year of life. Herein, we describe a newborn with severe respiratory distress at birth progressing to respiratory failure requiring transplant. Read More

J Cardiothorac Surg 2020 Jun 11;15(1):136. Epub 2020 Jun 11.

Heart Center, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao University, 6 tongfu Road, Qingdao, Shandong, China.

Transposition of the great arteries (TGA) and interruption of the aortic arch (IAA) are uncommon congenital heart diseases. The association between TGA and IAA is rare. The aim of this study is to present a case with combined TGA and IAA, who underwent the primary repair and review the literature with similar cases. Read More

Dev Dyn 2020 Jun 11. Epub 2020 Jun 11.

Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

Background: Lymphatic vessels play key roles in tissue fluid homeostasis, immune cell trafficking and in diverse disease settings. Lymphangiogenesis requires lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC) differentiation, proliferation, migration and co-ordinated network formation, yet the transcriptional regulators underpinning these processes remain to be fully understood. The transcription factor MAFB was recently identified as essential for lymphangiogenesis in zebrafish and in cultured human LECs. Read More

Heart 2020 Jun 10. Epub 2020 Jun 10.

Department of Cardiology III - Adult Congenital and Valvular Heart Disease, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany.

Adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD) may be at high risk in the case of COVID-19. Due to the heterogeneity of ACHD and secondary complications, risk profiles are, however, not uniform. This document aims to give an overview of relevant data and outline our pragmatic approach to disease prevention and management. Read More

Am J Emerg Med 2020 May 23. Epub 2020 May 23.

Intensive Care Unit, Sanatorio Franchin, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Dapsone intoxication can be a life-threatening condition due its enterohepatic recirculation pharmacokinetics, and therefore, persistent methemoglobinemia development. We describe a case of a 17-year-old girl who was admitted 4 h after ingesting 5 g of dapsone. She presented methemoglobinemia (39%) and showed clinical signs of toxicity (cyanosis and altered mental status) despite mechanical ventilation. Read More

Pediatr Pulmonol 2020 Jun 7. Epub 2020 Jun 7.

The Lillie Frank Abercrombie Section of Cardiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.

Pulmonary vein stenosis is a rare and poorly understood condition causing obstruction of the large pulmonary veins and of blood flow from the lungs to the left atrium. This results in elevated pulmonary venous pressure and pulmonary edema, pulmonary hypertension, potentially cardiac failure, and death. Clinical signs of the disease include failure to thrive, increasingly severe dyspnea, hemoptysis, respiratory difficulty, recurrent respiratory tract infections/pneumonia, cyanosis, and subcostal retractions. Read More

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020 May;24(10):5769-5771

Department of Emergency Medicine, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.

Objective: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) related coagulopathy may be the first clinical manifestation even in non-vasculopathic patients and is often associated with worse clinical outcomes.

Case Presentation: A 78 years old woman was admitted to the Emergency Unit with respiratory symptoms, confusion and cyanosis at the extremity, in particular at the nose area, hands and feet fingers. A nasal swab for COVID-19 was performed, which resulted positive, and so therapy with doxycycline, hydroxychloroquine and antiviral agents was started. Read More

Cureus 2020 Apr 30;12(4):e7900. Epub 2020 Apr 30.

Gastroenterology, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, USA.

Drug-induced methemoglobinemia can be caused due to topical anesthetics, dapsone, nitrates (e.g., nitroglycerin), and metoclopramide. Read More

J Card Surg 2020 Jun 2. Epub 2020 Jun 2.

School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.

Tricuspid atresia (TA) is a complex congenital heart disease that presents with cyanosis in the neonatal period. It is invariably fatal if left untreated and requires multiple stages of palliation. Early recognition and timely surgical intervention are therefore pivotal in the management of these infants. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 May;99(21):e20117

Emergency Department, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China.

Introduction: Central airway stenosis is a life-threating requiring immediate medical intervention. There are several options for treating central airway stenosis, including rigid bronchoscopy, bronchoscopic high-power laser therapy, high-frequency electric needle knife, and balloon-expanding stents. However, interventional techniques may be unavailable in an emergent situation or at smaller local hospitals. Read More

North Clin Istanb 2020 9;7(3):255-259. Epub 2020 Apr 9.

Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey.

Objective: Vena cava superior syndrome comprises various symptoms of compression of vena cava superior. The results of increased venous pressure in the upper body may cause edema of the head and neck associated with cyanosis, plethora and distended subcutaneous vessels. Vena cava superior syndrome is rare in childhood. Read More

Heart Fail Rev 2020 Jul;25(4):623-632

Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 870 Quarry Road - Falk CVRC, Stanford, CA, 94305-5406, USA.

Ebstein anomaly comprises approximately 1% of all congenital heart diseases. It occurs when the tricuspid valve fails to properly delaminate from the right ventricle, resulting in a clinical spectrum of abnormal tricuspid valve morphology and right ventricular dysfunction. Due to the anatomy of the tricuspid valve and right ventricle, as well as associated right- and left-sided pathology, patients are at risk for both right and left ventricular failure and the associated symptoms of each. Read More

BMC Public Health 2020 May 27;20(1):801. Epub 2020 May 27.

Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.

Background: Hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) is considered to be self-limited, however, severe HFMD is a deadly threat for children worldwide, therefore, it is essential to define the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of children with severe HFMD and identify the risk factors of death.

Methods: Between 2013 and 2018, children who diagnosed with severe HFMD from Chongqing, China were enrolled in this population-based study. A total of 459 severe HFMD children cases were identified during the study period, including 415 survivors and 44 fatal cases. Read More

BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2020 May 25;20(1):245. Epub 2020 May 25.

Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol, UK.

Background: Cortisol is the main stress hormone mobilised during surgery to establish homeostasis. Our current understanding of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis physiology in children undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass is very limited due to: (1) very few cortisol time point measurements over long periods (2) difficulties of sampling in low weight babies and (3) the concomitant use of glucocorticoids at anaesthesia induction. This lack of understanding is reflected in a lack of consensus on the utility of glucocorticoids perioperatively in cardiac surgery with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass. Read More

Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2020 Apr;41(4):302-307

Department of Infection Disease, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.

To investigate the clinical and coagulation characteristics in patients with critical Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and acro-ischemia. The retrospective study included 7 critical COVID-19 patients with acro-ischemia in an intensive care unit (ICU) in Wuhan, from Feb 4 to Feb 15, 2020. The clinical and laboratory data before and during the ICU stay were analyzed. Read More

BMC Pediatr 2020 May 22;20(1):243. Epub 2020 May 22.

Department of Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, 20# Section 3 South Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.

Background: Methylmalonic Aciduria and Homocystinemia, cobalamin C (cblC) is an inherited disease of vitamin B metabolism with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. cblC presenting with pulmonary hypertension (PH) as leading sympotom is rare and easily misdiagnosed because of limited awareness. Timely diagnosis is crucial by the relentless progression without appropriate treatment. Read More

Ann Palliat Med 2020 May 11;9(3):1004-1012. Epub 2020 May 11.

Department of Chest Wall Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou 510317, China.

Background: Chylothorax is a rare disease with a high mortality rate in pediatric patients like newborns and infants. As one of the minimally invasive treatments, chemical pleural pleurodesis has been gradually used in treating pediatric chylothorax patients in recent years. This study explored the feasibility, safety and effect of povidone-iodine chemical pleurodesis (CP) for spontaneous chylothorax in young pediatric patients. Read More

J Cardiothorac Surg 2020 May 19;15(1):102. Epub 2020 May 19.

Department of Pediatrics, Qena Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt.

Background: Congenital lobar overinflation (CLOI) is one of the most important causes of infantile respiratory distress (RD). We aim to evaluate our experience in CLOI management emphasizing on clinical features, diagnostic modalities, surgery and outcomes.

Methods: This is a retrospective study for all CLOI cases undergoing surgical management at Qena University Hospital. Read More

QJM 2020 May 19. Epub 2020 May 19.

Hematology and Oncology division, Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Vincent Hospital, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States.

Background: Acetaminophen (N-acetyl-para-aminophenol, paracetamol, (APAP) toxicity is one of the commonly encountered poisonings by emergency physicians. Methemoglobinemia is an uncommon association and rarely seen in APAP poisoning.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of all the published reports on APAP induced methemoglobinemia from 1968 to 2019. Read More

Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2020 May;66(2):116-123

. PhD em saúde mental, psiquiatra docente do curso de Medicina da Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, Dourados, MS, Brasil.

A covid-19 pandemic decreed by WHO has raised greater awareness of it. The infection reached the mark of 350,000 patients in 33 countries and affected as comorbidities the presence of comorbidities and advanced age. The transmissibility calculated so far is similar to the H1N1 epidemic, but with lower mortality rates. Read More

Clin Pract Cases Emerg Med 2020 May 24;4(2):222-224. Epub 2020 Feb 24.

Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo, Department of Emergency Medicine, Lima, Peru.

Ebstein's anomaly is a congenital heart defect that when left untreated can lead to unique physical exam and ultrasound findings. This case describes a patient who presented with dyspnea and was found to have cyanosis, clubbing, and dilation of right-sided chambers on point-of-care ultrasound. The series of images highlights findings in late-stage Ebstein's anomaly and serves as a springboard for the discussion of the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of this rare congenital heart disease. Read More

Open Vet J 2020 Apr 16;10(1):4-10. Epub 2020 Jan 16.

Unidad de Endoscopia Peroral Hospital de Infecciosas "F. Muñiz", Uspallata 2272, C1282AEN CABA, Argentina.

Background: Laryngeal paralysis, failure of arytenoid cartilage, and vocal fold abduction are commonly seen in older medium to large breed dogs. Observation of laryngeal function in dogs and cats is performed by transoral visualization. There are a variety of surgical techniques; aspiration pneumonia is the most common complication associated with surgical correction of laryngeal paralysis. Read More

Indian Heart J 2020 Jan - Feb;72(1):20-26. Epub 2020 Mar 24.

Department of Medicine, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India.

Aim: Heart failure is a global problem that is increasing in prevalence. We undertook the initiative to compile the Vellore Heart Failure Registry (VHFR) to assess the clinical profile, mortality, risk factors and economic burden of heart failure by conducting a prospective, observational, hospital-based cohort study in Vellore, Tamil Nadu.

Methods And Results: This study was a prospective observational cohort study conducted at the Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, between January 2014 and December 2016. Read More

Int Heart J 2020 May 15;61(3):620-623. Epub 2020 May 15.

Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University.

In Ebstein's anomaly, percutaneous atrial septal defect (ASD) closure for the treatment of hypoxemia due to a right-to-left interatrial shunt remains controversial. We report the case of a 40-year-old woman with Ebstein's anomaly who developed cyanosis and shortness of breath on exercise. Her symptoms improved after percutaneous ASD closure and her clinical course has been good during follow-up. Read More

J Cardiothorac Surg 2020 May 14;15(1):97. Epub 2020 May 14.

Pediatric Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.2 An zhen road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.

Background: There has been an increasing number of children with congenital heart disease that undergo primary or second systemic-pulmonary shunt, while there are few reports on the second systemic-pulmonary shunt. Therefore, this study summarizes the experience of second systemic-pulmonary shunt for congenital heart disease in our hospital.

Methods And Results: Sixty-five children with congenital heart disease who underwent systemic-pulmonary shunt for the second time in our hospital were analyzed. Read More

Nitric Oxide 2020 Aug 12;100-101:45-49. Epub 2020 May 12.

Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.

Background: Fractional exhaled nitric oxide levels are related to various clinical diseases. This study investigated the associations between the clinical characteristics and the level of fractional exhaled nitric oxide in patients with adult congenital heart disease.

Methods And Results: Fractional exhaled nitric oxide values were measured in 30 adult patients with stable congenital heart disease who had undergone right heart catheterization and 17 healthy individuals (controls). Read More

J Card Surg 2020 May 13. Epub 2020 May 13.

Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João, Porto, Portugal.

Background: Vena cava anomalies are rare congenital defects due to incorrect development during fetal life, ranging from minor asymptomatic anatomic variations to complex life-threatening abnormalities. Echocardiography plays a fundamental role in the diagnosis, with advanced imaging techniques allowing detailed anatomic delineation. Invasive cardiology techniques are a promising therapeutic approach, but surgery is probably the best option when diffuse compromise of the systemic veins is present. Read More

CJEM 2020 May 12:1-5. Epub 2020 May 12.

Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON.

Objectives: Acquired methemoglobinemia (MetHb) is an uncommon presentation of cyanosis in the pediatric emergency department (ED), making its diagnosis and management a clinical challenge. Through this case series we hope to improve clinician ability to recognize the potential for MetHb in pediatric ED patients and to avoid overlooking this important cause of cyanosis.

Methods: This was a case series using a health records review, investigating patients diagnosed with MetHb at our pediatric ED during 2007-2018. Read More

J Am Heart Assoc 2020 May 11;9(10):e015304. Epub 2020 May 11.

The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Philadelphia PA.

Background Packed red blood cell transfusion may improve oxygen content in single-ventricle neonates, but its effect on clinical outcomes after Stage 1 palliation is unknown. Methods and Results Retrospective multicenter analysis of packed red blood cell transfusion exposures in neonates after Stage 1 palliation, excluding those with intraoperative mortality or need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Transfusion practice variability was assessed, and multivariable regression used to identify transfusion risk factors. Read More

Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2020 May 6;9(1):58. Epub 2020 May 6.

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Bugando School of Medicine, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, P. O. Box 1464, Bugando, Mwanza, Tanzania.

Background: Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major clinical problem in tertiary hospitals in Tanzania and jeopardizes the life of neonates in critical care units (CCUs). To better understand methods for prevention of MDR infections, this study aimed to determine, among other factors, the role of MDR-Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) contaminating neonatal cots and hands of mothers as possible role in transmission of bacteremia at Bugando Medical Centre (BMC), Mwanza, Tanzania.

Methods: This cross-sectional, hospital-based study was conducted among neonates and their mothers in a neonatal intensive care unit and a neonatology unit at BMC from December 2018 to April 2019. Read More

Front Pediatr 2020 21;8:163. Epub 2020 Apr 21.

Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Heart Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.

Hepatic arteriovenous fistula (HAVF) is an abnormal communication between the hepatic arteries and hepatic veins. This condition is treated mainly using interventional closure and surgery. However, these procedures are associated with many postoperative complications and high mortality. Read More

Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2020 May 29;145(9):619-623. Epub 2020 Apr 29.

Medizinische Klinik II, Klinik für Kardiologie, Rhythmologie und internistische Intensivmedizin, Klinikum Köln-Merheim, Universität Witten-Herdecke, Köln.

History And Clinicial Findings:  We elaborate a case of a 79-year-old patient who presented with position dependent shortness of breath and cyanosis of the lips at the daily round.

Investigations:  In supine position the patient's oxygen saturation was normal > 95 %, in upright position we noticed a reproducible decrease to 76-85 %. Echocardiographic examination revealed a patent foramen ovale (PFO) with spontaneous right-left shunt and additionally a thoracic aortic aneurysm. Read More

JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 2020 Mar;58(223):178-180

Neonatal Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital, Sinamangal, Kathmandu, Nepal.

Potter sequence is a rare congenital malformation that primarily affects male fetuses and is characterized by pulmonary hypoplasia, skeletal malformation, and kidney abnormalities. The pressure of the uterine wall due to oligohydramnios leads to an unusual facial appearance, abnormal limbsor limbs in abnormal positions or contractures. The fetus generally dies soon after birth due to respiratory insufficiency. Read More

J Am Heart Assoc 2020 May 28;9(9):e014820. Epub 2020 Apr 28.

Department of Cardiology Boston Children's Hospital Boston MA.

Background In adults with acquired heart disease, depression is common and associated with adverse outcomes. Depression may also be important in adults with congenital heart disease (CHD). Methods and Results We conducted a cohort study of outpatients with CHD, aged ≥18 years, enrolled in a prospective biobank between 2012 and 2017. Read More

Am J Otolaryngol 2020 May - Jun;41(3):102487. Epub 2020 Apr 16.

Otorhinolaryngology Dept, Eskisehir City Hospital, Eskisehir, Turkey. Electronic address:

Since late December 2019, a new type of coronavirus (CIVID-19) causing a cluster of respiratory infections was first identified in Wuhan-China. And it disseminated to all countries. Generally, COVID-19 cases have fever, cough, respiratory distress findings (dyspnoea, intercostal retraction, cyanosis etc. Read More