1,125,735 results match your criteria Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension[Journal]
J Public Health Dent 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.
Objectives: This study explored the association of children's salivary characteristics, past caries experience, birth weight, and reported maternal prenatal vitamin and mineral supplementation with the dental untreated decay of the child.
Methods: This cross-sectional study, a sub-study of Griffith University Environments for Healthy Living birth cohort study, was conducted on 174 mother-child dyads. Mother's prenatal usage of vitamin and mineral supplements; child's birthweight; salivary pH, buffering capacity, and levels of salivary MS and LB were explored as risk indicators. Read More
Z Orthop Unfall 2018 Dec 14;156(6):685-691. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie und Sportorthopädie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München.
In addition to their outstanding significance in the field of tumor orthopaedics, megaprostheses are becoming increasingly important for revision arthroplasty. Despite their wide application, the reported complication and failure rates remain high. The analysis of failure mechanisms roughly allows a breakdown into mechanical and non-mechanical causes; soft-tissue failure, loosening and periprosthetic infection play outstanding roles. Read More
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Department of Postgraduate Program and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of the diagnosis of fetal heart diseases obtained through ultrasound examinations performed during the prenatal period compared with the postnatal evaluation.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study with 96 pregnant women who were attended at the Echocardiography Service and whose deliveries occurred at the Complexo Hospitalar Santa Casa de Porto Alegre, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Risk factor assessment plus sensitivity and specificity analysis were used, comparing the accuracy of the screening for congenital heart disease by means of obstetrical ultrasound and morphological evaluation and fetal echocardiography, considering < 0. Read More
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Post-Graduation Program in Medical Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará-UFC. Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
Background: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection is a current public health problem. The aim of this study was to investigate risk factors for death among patients with CHIKV infection during a large epidemic in northeast Brazil.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with all registered cases of CHIKV in Ceara, Brazil, during 2016-2017. Read More
Sleep 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany.
Study Objectives: Periodic limb movements in sleep (PLMS) are frequent motor phenomena; however, population-based data are scarce. We assessed the prevalence of PLMS and factors associated with PLMS within two German population-based cohorts, the SHIP-TREND and BiDirect.
Methods: Single-night polysomnography was performed on 1107 subjects recruited from the general population (mean age: 52. Read More
J Infect Dis 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.
Department of Microbiology, University of Chicago, Illinois.
Staphylococcusaureus persistently colonizes the nasopharynx of about one-third of the human population, a key risk factor for community- and hospital-acquired invasive infections. Current strategies for S. aureus decolonization include topical and systemic administration of antibiotics, which is associated with selection for antibiotic resistance and posttreatment recolonization. Read More
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Department of Medicine and Aged Care, @AgeMelbourne, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Background: Approximately 10% of older adults is annually admitted to a hospital. Hospitalisation is associated with a higher risk of falls and mortality after discharge. This study aimed to identify predictors at admission for falls and mortality three months post-discharge in hospitalised older patients. Read More
J Infect Dis 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Introduction: A number of enhanced influenza vaccines have been developed for use in older adults, including the high-dose, MF59-adjuvanted, and intradermal vaccines.
Methods: We conducted a systematic review examining the improvements in antibody responses measured by the hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) assay associated with these enhanced vaccines, compared to each other, and compared to standard-dose vaccine using random effects models.
Results: Thirty-nine trials were included. Read More
Ann Work Expo Health 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Introduction: Interpretation of exposure measurements has evolved into a framework based on the lognormal distribution. Most available practical tools are based on traditional frequentist statistical procedures that do not satisfactorily account for censored data and are not amenable to simple probabilistic risk statements. Bayesian methods offer promising solutions to these challenges. Read More
J Pediatr Psychol 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Bradley/Hasbro Children's Research Center/Rhode Island Hospital and the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University.
Objective: The purpose of the current pilot study was to evaluate the acceptability and preliminary impact of using immersive virtual reality environments (IVREs) paired with a brief emotion regulation and risk reduction intervention (ER + IVRE) relative to this same intervention content paired with role-plays (ER + RP).
Methods: Eighty-five adolescents attending middle school (grades 6th-8th; ages 12-15 years) in an urban northeast city were recruited and randomized to ER + IVRE (n = 44) or ER + RP (n = 41) and had complete data. Data examining acceptability, feasibility, sexual knowledge and attitudes, and ER were collected at baseline and 3 months after intervention completion. Read More
Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2019 Jan;55(1):163-171
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Nicotine Tob Res 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
Introduction: Despite negative effects of smoking, smokers have difficulty quitting, suggesting a need for additional strategies to help them quit. A single-session hatha yoga intervention acutely reduced craving among nicotine-deprived smokers not attempting to reduce or quit, yet it is unknown if it reduces craving among those attempting to change their smoking. Thus, the current study tested the efficacy of a single-session hatha yoga intervention for acutely reducing craving among smokers attempting to reduce or quit smoking. Read More
Eur Heart J 2018 Dec;39(47):4127-4131
Imperial College and Consultant and Director of Research, Education & Development, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital Trust, London, UK.
Nutrition 2018 Oct 5;60:100-105. Epub 2018 Oct 5.
Department of Surgery, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Strategies for providing optimal nutritional therapy have evolved over time, with the emphasis on specific directives (such as route, use of immunonutrition, high protein, organ-specific formulas, etc.), achieving variable degrees of success for improving outcomes in the intensive care unit. As the largest immune organ in the body comprising the largest interface between the host and the external environment, the gut can have an amplifying effect on a pattern of dysbiosis, immune dysregulation, and multiple organ failure seen in the critically ill patient. Read More
Psychiatry Res 2018 Nov 26;271:510-515. Epub 2018 Nov 26.
Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
During the euthymic state in bipolar disorder, cognitive functions often remain affected. Specifically, subjective and objective cognitive impairment might distinctly affect patients' quality of life (QoL); however, this question had not been examined previously in Japanese patients. Therefore, the current study investigated the associations between cognitive complaints, QoL, and objective cognitive functions. Read More
Psychiatry Res 2018 Dec 2;271:484-501. Epub 2018 Dec 2.
Department of Clinical, Educational, and Health Psychology, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London WC1E 7HB, UK; North East London Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Understanding variables predicting drop-out or unfavourable outcome following treatment for anorexia nervosa (AN) may help to improve upon intervention efforts. However, the current literature has demonstrated sparse and inconsistent significant findings. The current systematic review and meta-analysis summarised the evidence base examining baseline predictors of drop-out and outcome in AN treatment. Read More
Nurse Educ Pract 2018 Nov 26;34:150-160. Epub 2018 Nov 26.
University College London, Gower St, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom. Electronic address:
This paper presents the final phase of a national project exploring grading of practice in programmes leading to registration as a midwife in the United Kingdom. The aim was to develop a generic framework for grading practice, enhancing standardisation while enabling flexibility in application of current and new educational standards. A mixed method on-line survey considered existing practice assessment tools, factors contributing to robust and reliable assessment and perceptions of two assessment tools developed by the research team: a 'Lexicon Framework' and 'Rubric', which were tested through scenarios. Read More
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 2018 Nov 29;63:6-11. Epub 2018 Nov 29.
VU University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Background And Objectives: Comorbidity among anxiety and depression disorders and their symptoms is high. Rumination and worry have been found to mediate prospective cross-disorder relations between anxiety and depression disorders and their symptoms in adolescents and adults. We examined whether generic repetitive negative thinking (RNT), that is content- and disorder-independent, also mediates prospective cross-disorder associations between anxiety and depressions disorders and their symptoms. Read More
Cortex 2018 Nov 19;111:274-285. Epub 2018 Nov 19.
Burke Medical Research Institute, Edith Cowan University and Weill Cornell Medicine, White Plains, NY, USA; Moss Rehabilitation Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
There exists debate regarding the extent to which transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can affect or enhance human behavior. Here, we examined a previously unexplored domain: speech motor learning. We investigated whether speech motor learning in unimpaired participants can be enhanced using a single-session tDCS experiment, and investigated whether the timing of tDCS relative to a behavioral task affected performance. Read More
Bioresour Technol 2018 Dec 3;274:403-409. Epub 2018 Dec 3.
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
The aim of this study was to investigate the development of cathodic biofilm and its effect on methane production in a single-chamber microbial electrolysis cell (MEC). The MEC with 1 g/L acetate was successfully operated within 31 cycles (∼2400 h). The maximum methane production rate and average current capture efficiency in the MEC reached 93 L/m·d and 82%, respectively. Read More
J Psychiatr Res 2018 Dec 1;109:145-155. Epub 2018 Dec 1.
Department of Psychology, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
Difficulty in clinical antidepressant treatment leads to the pursuit of alternative treatments, such as cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT). CBT combined with regular antidepressants have indicated an optimal therapeutic effect in clinic. Attentional bias is important in the occurrence and remission of depression, however, few studies have explored the effect of attentional bias modification (ABM) on depression, and inconsistent results have been obtained due to the heterogeneity in the targeted populations, training tasks, strategies, and materials. Read More
J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2018 Nov 23;91:91-98. Epub 2018 Nov 23.
Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, A⁎STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 1 Pesek Road, Singapore 627833, Jurong Island, Singapore; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117576, Singapore. Electronic address:
To overcome the disadvantage of current antibiotic bone cements with low drug elution efficiency, the hollow nanostructured titanium-dioxide (TiO) nanotubes (TNTs) were formulated with antibiotic loaded bone cement to create nano diffusion networks, enabling enhanced release of antibiotic. By incorporation of TNTs into Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) based bone cement, more than 50% of loaded antibiotic (such as gentamicin or vancomycin) could be released in two months. As comparison, only about 5% of total drug release was achieved in the absence of TNTs. Read More
J Exp Child Psychol 2018 Dec 11;179:212-226. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Institute of Education, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1053 Budapest, Hungary; Department of Language, Literature and Communication, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Faculty of Arts and Education, University of Stavanger, 4036 Stavanger, Norway.
Experiments with film-like story presentations have been found to be beneficial in supporting children's story comprehension and word learning. The main goal of the current study was to disentangle the effects of visual and auditory enhancements in digital books. Participants were 99 typically developing children (41 boys and 58 girls) aged 4-6 years from two public kindergartens in Bursa, Turkey. Read More
Semin Cancer Biol 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Molecular Oncology group, Biodonostia Research Institute, Paseo Doctor Begiristain, s/n San Sebastián, 20014, Spain; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, María Díaz Haroko Kalea, 3, 48013, Bilbao, Spain. Electronic address:
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel class of regulatory RNAs that despite being relatively abundant have only recently begun to be explored. There are many thousands of genes that appear capable of producing circRNAs, however the function of all but a handful remain to be determined. What is emerging about these highly conserved molecules is that they play important roles in biology and cancer biology in particular. Read More
J Control Release 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
Cancer nanomedicine using nanoparticle-based delivery systems has shown outstanding promise in recent decades for improving anticancer treatment. However, limited targeting efficiency, low drug loading efficiency and innate toxicity of nanoparticles have caused severe problems, leaving only a few available in the clinic. Here, we newly developed carrier-free nanoparticles of cathepsin B-cleavable peptide (Phe-Arg-Arg-Gly; FRRG)-conjugated doxorubicin (DOX) prodrug (FRRG-DOX) that formed a stable nanoparticle structure with an average diameter of 213 nm in aqueous condition. Read More
Clin Chim Acta 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
CALIPER Program, Pediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Cir, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada. Electronic address:
Introduction: Accurate reference intervals (RIs) are essential for clinical interpretation of laboratory test results; however, major gaps exist in pediatric RIs. The Canadian Laboratory Initiative on Pediatric Reference Intervals (CALIPER) has established age- and sex-specific pediatric RIs on various analytical platforms. The current study expands the CALIPER database by establishing age- and sex-specific RIs for biochemical assays on Siemens ADVIA XPT/1800 and Dimension EXL Systems. Read More
Acta Biomater 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin 300071, China; The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, The College of Life Science, Tianjin 300071, China. Electronic address:
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation has emerged as a very promising strategy for the treatments of peripheral artery disease (PAD). However, MSC-based therapies are limited by low cell retention and survival rate in the ischemic zone. Small molecular (SM) hydrogels have shown attractive abilities to enhance the therapeutic effects of human MSCs via promoting their proliferation or maintaining their differentiation potential. Read More
Sci Total Environ 2018 Nov 28;657:420-434. Epub 2018 Nov 28.
Sustainable Agriculture Sciences Department, Rothamsted Research, North Wyke, Okehampton EX20 2SB, UK.
The Freshwater Pearl Mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) is an endangered organism across its entire range. It has a complex life cycle and stringent habitat requirements and is therefore an indicator species for the general ecosystem health of host rivers. Whereas historical intensive pearl fishing contributed to population declines, excess nutrient and sediment loss associated with current land use pressures in host river catchments, including modern intensive farming practices, are now highlighted as primary contributory factors. Read More
Appetite 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Birmingham City University, Curzon Building, 4 Cardigan Street, Birmingham, B4 7BD, United Kingdom.
Objective: One method of influencing an individual's food consumption involves placing unhealthy snacks further away from individuals, known as the "proximity effect". However, only one laboratory study has explored the effect while both an unhealthy and a healthy option are presented simultaneously. Further, little is known about the potential underpinning mechanisms of the effect. Read More
Water Res 2018 Dec 5;150:368-379. Epub 2018 Dec 5.
Pennine Water Group, Department of Civil & Structural Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK.
This paper aims to stimulate discussion based on the experiences derived from the QUICS project (Quantifying Uncertainty in Integrated Catchment Studies). First it briefly discusses the current state of knowledge on uncertainties in sub-models of integrated catchment models and the existing frameworks for analysing uncertainty. Furthermore, it compares the relative approaches of both building and calibrating fully integrated models or linking separate sub-models. Read More
Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Centre for Integrative Neuroscience and Neurodynamics, School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK.
Uncertainty is often inevitable in everyday life and can be both stressful and exciting. Given its relevance to psychopathology and wellbeing, recent research has begun to address the brain basis of uncertainty. In the current review we examined whether there are discrete and shared neural signatures for different uncertain contexts. Read More
Int J Antimicrob Agents 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani-IRCCS- Via Portuense, 292- 00149 Rome, Italy. Electronic address:
Chronic Hepatitis C (CHC) is a complex disease that can affect different metabolic processes, including glucose and lipids metabolic pathways, with a significant impact on development of heart disease and stroke. The recent therapy with Direct Antiviral Agents (DAAs) beyond the high efficacy on CHC eradication, showed a beneficial impact on glucose and lipid metabolism. This review aims to describe current evidences about the association between HCV infection and impairment of glucose and lipids metabolism and discuss potential public health implications at the light of new DAA therapy and their availability at global level. Read More
Semin Cell Dev Biol 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil. Electronic address:
Stroke consists of an abrupt reduction of cerebral blood flow resulting in hypoxia that triggers an excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. After the ischemic process, neural precursor cells present in the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricle and subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus proliferate and migrate towards the lesion, contributing to the brain repair. The neurogenesis is induced by signal transduction pathways, growth factors, attractive factors for neuroblasts, transcription factors, pro and anti-inflammatory mediators and specific neurotransmissions. Read More
Biol Psychol 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Department of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, Malet Street, London WC1E 7HX, UK. Electronic address:
The question whether the storage of spatial locations and other non-spatial features in visual working memory (WM) is based on shared or separate processes remains unresolved. We recorded contralateral delay activity (CDA) components as on-line electrophysiological markers of WM maintenance in two tasks where observers had to retain either the colors or locations of sample stimuli. CDA components were elicited both in the Color and in the Location task, and increasing WM load had identical effects on CDA amplitudes, suggesting shared underlying mechanisms. Read More
Biochim Biophys Acta Gene Regul Mech 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic. Electronic address:
RNA modifications are being recognized as an essential factor in gene expression regulation. They play essential roles in germ line development, differentiation and disease. In eukaryotic mRNAs, N-adenosine methylation (mA) is the most prevalent internal chemical modification identified to date. Read More
Cell Signal 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Dept. of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health problem with a profound impact on quality of life. Cardiovascular disease is established as a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with CKD. Dyslipidemia is frequently observed in CKD patients, suggesting a causal relation between dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disease in CKD patients. Read More
Ophthalmology 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Japan.
This large-scale crowdsourced study using the iPhone application DryEyeRhythm identified the risk factors for severe dry eye disease-type symptoms, which included female sex, collagen disease, hay fever, depression, current contact-lens use, extended screen time, and smoking. Read More
J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Anal Biochem 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Weijin Road No.94, Tianjin, 300071, China. Electronic address:
In this work, a novel enzyme-mimicking nanocomposite of Mn(II)-poly-L-histidine (PLH) functionalized carboxylated multi walled carbon nanotubes (CMWCNTs) was designed and synthesized. Based on the catalase-like activity of the nanocomposite, a non-enzymatic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) biosensor was then established and explored for H2O2 electrochemical detection. The nanocomposite was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra, Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Read More
Langmuir 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Electrochemical formation of high-energy species such as hydroxyl radical in aqueous media is inefficient because oxidation of HO to form O is a more thermodynamically favorable reaction. Boron-doped diamond (BDD) is widely used as an electrode material for generating ∙OH radicals because it has a very large kinetic overpotential for O production, thus increasing electrochemical efficiency for ∙OH production. Yet, the underlying mechanisms of O and ∙OH production at diamond electrodes are not well understood. Read More
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Dec 14;12:CD011710. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Hadyn Ellis Building, Maindy Road, Cardiff, UK, CF24 4HQ.
Background: Therapist-delivered trauma-focused psychological therapies are an effective treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). These have become the accepted first-line treatments for the disorder. Despite the established evidence-base for these therapies, they are not always widely available or accessible. Read More
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Dec 14;12:CD012939. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
ENT Department, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Hills Road, Cambridge, UK, CB2 0QQ.
Background: More than 400,000 cases of oropharyngeal squamous cell cancer (OPSCC) are diagnosed every year worldwide and this is rising. Much of the increase has been attributed to human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV-positive OPSCC patients are often younger and have significantly improved survival relative to HPV-negative patients. Read More
J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio, 44325.
Nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloy is an attractive material for biomedical implant applications. In this study, the effects of laser shock peening (LSP) on the biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, ion release rate and hardness of NiTi were characterized. The cell culture study indicated that the LSP-treated NiTi samples had lower cytotoxicity and higher cell survival rate than the untreated samples. Read More
PLoS One 2018 14;13(12):e0208847. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Group of Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova de Lleida,IRBLleida, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.
Introduction: Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) is a common reason for presentation to emergency departments (ED), but the management of these episodes is often heterogeneous regardless of their potential impact on short-term adverse outcomes.
Methods: This was a longitudinal, retrospective study of all patients >40 years old admitted to the ED of two Spanish teaching hospitals for an AECOPD between January 1st and May 31st, 2016. All data were collected from electronic medical records. Read More
PLoS One 2018 14;13(12):e0209121. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Department of Global Health and Socio-epidemiology, Kyoto University School of Public Health, Kyoto, Japan.
Background: Depression and anxiety symptoms are prevalent among university students in both developed and developing settings. Recently, grit, defined as perseverance and passion for long-term goals, has emerged as an indicator of success and well-being. However, the relationship between grit and poor mental health outcomes among university students is largely unknown. Read More
PLoS One 2018 14;13(12):e0209382. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Neurorehabilitation Research Center, Kio University, Nara, Japan.
Mechanical and electrical noise stimulation to the body is known to improve the sensorimotor system. This improvement is related to stochastic resonance (SR), a phenomenon described as a "noise benefit" to various sensory and motor systems. The current study investigated the influence of SR on visuomotor temporal integration and hand motor function under delayed visual feedback in healthy young adults. Read More
PLoS One 2018 14;13(12):e0209233. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Laboratory of Functional Morphology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium.
Intrauterine crowding (IUC) considerably influences postnatal traits in a polytocous species such as the pig. Previously, our group described how IUC affects locomotion during the piglet's first days of life (until 96 h after birth). We noted a reduced motor performance in piglets with a low birth weight and low vitality (L piglets), compared to piglets with a normal birth weight and normal vitality (N piglets), indicating L piglets are unable to produce enough force. Read More
PLoS One 2018 14;13(12):e0209101. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Introduction: Bladder cancer (urothelial carcinoma) is a common malignancy characterized by high recurrence rates and intense clinical follow-up, indicating the necessity for more effective therapies. Current treatment regimens include intra-vesical administration of mitomycin C (MMC) for non-muscle invasive disease and systemic cisplatin for muscle-invasive or metastatic disease. Hyperthermia, heating a tumor to 40-44°C, enhances the efficacy of these chemotherapeutics by various modes of action, one of which is inhibition of DNA repair via homologous recombination. Read More
Pediatr Infect Dis J 2018 Dec 13. Epub 2018 Dec 13.
Desmond Tutu TB Centre, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Child Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town.
Levofloxacin is used for the treatment and prevention of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in children, but current adult formulations are poorly palatable. A questionnaire administered to caregivers of 27 children taking a novel 100 mg dispersible taste-masked levofloxacin tablet found the new formulation to be more palatable (69%) and easier to prepare (81%) than the adult formulation. This formulation may assist children to better adhere to anti-tuberculous therapy. Read More
Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.
The Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery and.
Purpose: Periorbital injuries are common in face transplantation (FT) candidates. It is therefore essential that the ophthalmologist play a central role in the multidisciplinary treatment of these patients. In this study, the authors perform a comprehensive review of all procedures involving periorbital components, provide an update for the ophthalmology community regarding the current state of the field, and present 2 cases. Read More