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Toxicol In Vitro 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Safety Evaluation Centre, Ecology & Quality Management Division, CSR Division, FUJIFILM Corporation, 210 Nakanuma, Minamiashigara-shi, Kanagawa, Japan.

The Amino acid Derivative Reactivity Assay (ADRA) is an in chemico alternative to animal testing for skin sensitization potential, in which measurements of multi-constituent solutions were sometimes affected by co-elution with nucleophilic reagents. So, we established a means of using fluorescence detection and verified the utility of a newly developed ADRA-fluorescence detection (ADRA-FL) test method. We tested three types of plant extracts-aloe, green tea, and licorice-and although unable to quantify nucleophilic reagents using ultraviolet detection due to co-elution of multiple components, the use of fluorescence detection enabled us to detect nucleophilic reagents selectively and predict each of the extract solutions to be sensitizers. Read More

Fish Physiol Biochem 2019 Apr 18. Epub 2019 Apr 18.

Departamento de Biologia/CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.

The presence of pharmaceutical residues in the aquatic environment is receiving great attention since the levels of these substances have significantly increased in this compartment, potentially leading to adverse ecological effects. Zinc pyrithione (ZnPt) is a widely used organometallic biocide, which is incorporated into antifouling formulas, such as paints, to prevent the establishment of biofilms on surfaces exposed to the aquatic environment. It is also used in cosmetics, such as antidandruff shampoos and soaps. Read More

Daru 2019 Apr 18. Epub 2019 Apr 18.

Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India.

Background: Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether (DEGEE) is widely used as a solubilizer in cosmetics as well as in oral, topical, transdermal and injectable pharmaceutical formulations. Due to the unavailability of detailed toxicological studies on DEGEE, the Scientific Committee on Consumer Products (SCCP) found its toxicological reports to be unsatisfactory, comprising only summaries. Also, a few reports have raised concern on the use of DEGEE as it might cause damage to the kidneys. Read More

Int J Anal Chem 2019 13;2019:7849198. Epub 2019 Mar 13.

Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Xiacheng District, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China.

In order to establish the extraction technology of flavonoids from leaves, a method combining Plackett-Burman design (PBD), steepest ascent design, and central composite design was developed to optimize the extraction of flavonoids. In addition, the tyrosinase activity inhibition of flavonoids was further tested in vitro. PBD results showed that ethanol concentration and number of extractions were key factors. Read More

Bioorg Med Chem 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Electronic address:

Tyrosinase enzyme plays a crucial role in melanin biosynthesis and enzymatic browning process of vegetables and fruits. A series of veratric acid derivatives containing benzylidene-hydrazine moieties with different substitutions were synthesized and their inhibitory effect on mushroom tyrosinase and free radical scavenging activity were evaluated. The results indicated that N'-(4-chlorobenzylidene)-3,4-dimethoxybenzohydrazide (D5) and N'-(2,3-dihydroxybenzylidene)-3,4-dimethoxybenzohydrazide (D12) showed the highest tyrosinase inhibitory activity with IC values of 19. Read More

Food Chem 2019 Aug 18;290:168-177. Epub 2019 Mar 18.

Department of Food and Bioproduct Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5A8, Canada. Electronic address:

Total phenolic chromatographic indices (TPCI) of three commercially grown saskatoon berry varieties and a pomace from commercial juice production were determined. Northline was shown to have the highest TPCI of 504.2 mg/100 g FW. Read More

Molecules 2019 Apr 17;24(8). Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Department of Physiology, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento sn., 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain.

Beeswax is useful for the beekeeping sector but also for the agro-food, pharmaceutical or cosmetics sectors. Frequently, this bee product is contaminated with pesticides reducing its utility and causing the decline in its market. This study aimed to prove the effectiveness of an industrial-scale decontamination method in removing acaricides from beeswax. Read More

Int J Cosmet Sci 2019 Apr;41(2):109-117

Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, 580 Prof. Lineu Prestes Av., Bl. 15, 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Cosmetic treatments aim at improving skin appearance through vehicles of good sensory properties. Those vehicles are mainly emulsions and gels designed to deliver safe and effective compounds to skin. Creams and serums are widely used to achieve these goals, but recently a new type of formulation known as organogels triggered scientific attention, particularly in the design of both topical and cosmetic formulations. Read More

Ther Deliv 2019 Apr;10(4):211-214

Laboratory of Food, Drugs & Cosmetics (LTMAC), University of Brasília (UnB), 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil.

Int J Biol Macromol 2019 Apr 13;133:86-92. Epub 2019 Apr 13.

State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecological Remediation for Industrial Agglomeration Area, College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.

Dark color of lignin puts brakes on its development as sunscreen ingredient. In order to address this issue, the color of lignin was whitened by facile and economical approach via solvent fractionation and follow-up acetylation. After the two-step treatment, the color of lignin was highly lightened by 313. Read More

Biochem Pharmacol 2019 Apr 13. Epub 2019 Apr 13.

Institute of Nutrition, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan. Electronic address:

Coenzyme CoQ10 (CoQ10), a ubiquinone compound, has been reported to inhibit tyrosinase activity and melanin production in melanoma B16F10 cells. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this inhibitory effect is poorly understood. In this paper we aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms involved in the anti-melanogenic activity of CoQ10 (1-2 μM) in UVA (5 J/cm)-irradiated keratinocyte HaCaT cells and α-MSH stimulated B16-F10 cells. Read More

JAMA 2019 04;321(15):1459-1461

Oral Medicine Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.

Dermatol Ther 2019 Apr 16:e12939. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Department of Dermatology and Center for Chronic Pruritus, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany.

Objective of this open, non-interventional, non-controlled study was to investigate the tolerability and performance of a woad extract containing cream in subjects with dry, pruritic skin after twice daily application over two weeks. Assessments included sensorial characteristics, skin condition, pruritus [numeric rating scale (NRS), dynamic pruritus score (DPS)], skin dryness [itch-controlled days (ItchCD), overall dry skin (ODS)], transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin hydration and quality of life (5PLQ, DLQI). All sensorial characteristics were well perceived (>4), with tolerability (4. Read More

Stem Cells Dev 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

China ;

The human central nervous system (CNS) is very sensitive to perturbations, since it performs sophisticated biological processes and requires cooperation from multiple neural cell types. Subtle interference from exogenous chemicals, such as environmental pollutants, industrial chemicals, drug components, food additives and cosmetics' constituents, may initiate severe developmental neural toxicity (DNT). Human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-based neural differentiation assays provide effective and promising tools to help evaluate potential DNT caused by those toxicants. Read More

J Food Drug Anal 2019 Apr 2;27(2):610-613. Epub 2018 Oct 2.

Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan; Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan. Electronic address:

Int J Biol Macromol 2019 Apr 12;133:127-136. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China. Electronic address:

Microwave-assisted extraction of polysaccharides from Camptotheca acuminate (CAPs) was optimized by response surface methodology. The optimal parameters were as follows: microwave power, 600 W; liquid-solid ratio, 40:1 g/mL; extraction time, 14 min; and extraction temperature, 70 °C. Under these conditions, the yield of CAPs reached up to 8. Read More

Genet Mol Biol 2019 Apr 11. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Sistema Nacional de Informação sobre Agentes Teratogênicos (SIAT), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.

In 1990, the first Teratogen Information Service in Brazil (SIAT) was implemented in the Medical Genetics Service at Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre. SIAT is a free-to-use information service both to health professionals and the general population, especially to women who are pregnant or planning pregnancy. The main objective of this paper is to present the activities of SIAT in its initial years (1990-2006), compared to those in the last decade (2007-2017). Read More

J Cosmet Dermatol 2019 Apr 15. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.

Background: Gender-related price inequalities for over-the-counter dermatologic products such as shampoos and conditioners, razors, deodorants, and lotions remain prevalent in the marketplace. This trend has also been found to apply to topical minoxidil, a common treatment for male and female pattern hair loss.

Objective: We sought to identify the gender-related price discrepancies of facial moisturizers, which are routinely recommended by dermatologists. Read More

J Periodontal Res 2019 Apr 15. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, IHBR, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.

Objective: We evaluated the role of oleanolic acid acetate (OAA), a triterpenoid commonly used in the treatment of liver disorders, inflammatory diseases, and metastasis, in bone formation after tooth loss by periodontitis.

Background: Periodontitis causes the sequential degradation of the alveolar bone and associated structures, resulting in tooth loss. Several studies have attempted to regenerate the bone for implantation following tooth loss. Read More

Toxicol In Vitro 2019 Apr 11;59:100-114. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

The Procter & Gamble Company, Egham, United Kingdom.

The focus of Cosmetics Europe's ocular toxicity programme is on development of testing strategies and defined approaches for identification of ocular effects of chemicals in the context of OECD's Guidance Document on an Integrated Approach on Testing and Assessment (IATA) for Serious Eye Damage and Eye Irritation. Cosmetics Europe created a comprehensive database of chemicals for which in vitro data are available with corresponding historical in vivo Draize eye data and physicochemical properties. This database allowed further exploration of the initially proposed strategies from the CON4EI project and to identify opportunities for refinement. Read More

Carbohydr Polym 2019 Jul 29;215:358-365. Epub 2019 Mar 29.

College of Ecological Environment and Urban Construction, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou 350108, PR China. Electronic address:

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a natural polysaccharide possesses outstanding physiological activities. In this work, HA was activated as a novel collagen modifier via the esterification reaction between N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) and the carboxyl groups of HA. Both of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and H- nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra indicated the successful synthesis of HA-NHS esters. Read More

J Photochem Photobiol B 2019 Apr 4;194:166-173. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Department of Fine Chemistry, Cosmetic Industry Coupled Collaboration Center, Cosmetic R&D Center, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232 Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

Ultraviolet (UV) light exposure-induced photoaging of the skin is a multifactorial process involving both extrinsic and intrinsic cellular mechanisms. Several naturally occurring products are known to confer protection against UV light-induced skin damage. Our preliminary studies confirmed that the ethyl acetate fraction of coffee silverskin exhibits inhibitory effects on matrix metalloproteases (MMPs). Read More

Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019 Mar 25;179:280-292. Epub 2019 Mar 25.

School of Pharmacy, Monash University, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia; Faculty of Pharmacy, DIT University, Dehradun, India; Global Asia in The 21st Century (GA21) Multidisciplinary Research Platform Monash University Bandar Sunway Malaysia. Electronic address:

Casein nanomicelles, a major fraction of milk protein, are emerging as a novel drug delivery system owing to their various structural and functional properties. Casein is further divided into α-, β- and κ-casein, and to date various models have been proposed to describe casein structure, but still no definite structure presenting a detailed assembly of the casein micelle has been found. Thus far, the submicellar model and Horne and Holt model are the most accepted models. Read More

Int J Biol Macromol 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

UNIFESP - Federal São Paulo University, Institute of Environmental, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Science, SP, Brazil.

Cosmetics, personal care and biomedical products obtained by bio-based polymers and natural bioactive compounds are a new growing market. The ecological awareness is changing consumers' demands, causing consumers to look for more sustainable options, with a reduced environmental impact. The innovation of this work was to develop a natural polymer matrix (chitosan) entrapping antioxidant actives compounds such as annatto (Bixa Orellana L. Read More

ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Low concentration oil-in-water emulsions stabilized by cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) extracted from primary plant cell wall materials are used to prepare thin bio-based CNF-oil composite films by solvent casting. Flexible, transparent, and biodegradable composite films are obtained, with increased thermal stability (up to 300 ℃) as the oil concentration increases. Examination of the microstructure demonstrates a clear dependency on the oil content, as a multilayered structure where the oil phase is trapped between two layers of CNFs is appreciated at high oil concentrations. Read More

Front Microbiol 2019 27;10:445. Epub 2019 Mar 27.

School of Basic Courses, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.

Resveratrol, a bioactive compound in high quantities in , has well-known health benefits. However, it mainly exists in its glycosidic form, polydatin, in plants. To increase the production of resveratrol for various uses in medicine, foods, and cosmetics, an efficient deglycosylation technique is needed for converting polydatin into resveratrol. Read More

Front Physiol 2019 26;10:254. Epub 2019 Mar 26.

School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

Excessively oily skin leads to clinical signs that cause discomfort to patients, such as excessive shine, enlarged pores, acne, and an imbalance of the hydrolipidic layer. In this context, a constant demand for the research and development of products that prevent these features, has been noted in the field of cosmetics and dermatology. Thus, the objective of this study is to evaluate the cutaneous characteristics of oily skin due an excessive production of sebum through biophysical and skin imaging techniques. Read More

Chem Commun (Camb) 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA.

Trehalose is used as an additive in thousands of foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical products, and it is being investigated as a therapeutic for multiple human diseases. However, its ability to be used as a carbon source by microbes is a concern, as highlighted by the recent finding that trehalose can be metabolized by and potentially enhance the virulence of epidemic Clostridioides difficile. Here, we show that trehalose analogues designed to resist enzymatic degradation are incapable of being used as carbon sources by C. Read More

Anal Chim Acta 2019 Jul 22;1063:18-39. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

Protein-surfactant interactions have been explored for decades owing to their widespread application in the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetics industries and their importance to biochemical systems. However, they require further study owing to their compositional complexity and the innate limitations of current analytical approaches. In this review, we briefly introduce a series of individual approaches used for the qualitative and quantitative investigation of protein-surfactant interactions, including absorbance- or emission-based spectroscopy, scattering-based spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, calorimetry, computation and microscopy. Read More

Polymers (Basel) 2018 May 21;10(5). Epub 2018 May 21.

College of Materials Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.

Nano-SiO₂ was immobilized onto dialdehyde cellulose (DAC) to prepare SiO₂/DAC hybrid materials. Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis and field emission scanning electron microscopy of SiO₂/DAC indicated that nano-SiO₂ had been successfully hybridized with DAC. X-ray diffraction suggested that the structure of DAC was influenced by the nano-SiO₂. Read More

Polymers (Basel) 2018 Mar 1;10(3). Epub 2018 Mar 1.

Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB-CNR), Via Campi Flegrei, 34, 80078 Pozzuoli (NA), Italy.

Mixtures of methacrylic polymers are the most common materials for making composites to be used as resins for dental and cosmetic applications. Some of these mixtures are composed by poly(ethyl methacrylate) (PEMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), which constitute a solid component to be mixed with a liquid component made out of methacrylate monomers. The reaction between the thermal initiator benzoyl peroxyde (BPO) present in the solid component and the activator of the polymerization process, ,-dimethyl--toluidine (DMT) present in the liquid component, gives rise to thermoset materials. Read More

Acta Biochim Pol 2019 Apr 9. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

Department of Drug Technology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland.

Recognition of the molecular mechanisms of keratinocyte participation in normal skin homeostasis and in pathogenesis may lead to creation of more effective tools for topical application of cosmetics, cosmeceutics and drugs to a particular location within the skin for prevention and therapy of many skin disorders and diseases. For this purpose, the PAMAM G3 dendrimer with amide linkages of 9 biotin molecules and 10 molecules of pyridoxal phosphate (BC-PAMAM) was constructed, and its biological properties and cellular uptake and localization were investigated in the HaCaT keratinocytes. BC-PAMAM is nontoxic for HaCaT cells, as estimated by two assays (Neutral Red and tetrazolium salt reduction, XTT), and revealed low apoptosis induction at up to 50 µM concentration. Read More

J Cell Physiol 2019 Apr 8. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, IHBR, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.

To understand the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress in mice molar development, we studied Tmbim6 that antagonizes the unfolded protein response, using Tmbim6 knockout (KO) mice and in vitro organ cultivation with knocking down using small interfering RNA. During molar development, Tmbim6 is expressed in developing tooth at E14-E16, postnatal0 (PN0), and PN6. Mineral content in Tmbim6 KO enamel was reduced while dentin was slightly increased revealing ultrastructural changes in pattern formation of both enamel and dentin. Read More

Biotechnol Biofuels 2019 28;12:68. Epub 2019 Mar 28.

The Molecular Virology and Viral Immunology Laboratory, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710021 Shaanxi China.

Background: Squalene is currently used widely in the food, cosmetics, and medicine industries. It could also replace petroleum as a raw material for fuels. Microbial fermentation processes for squalene production have been emerging over recent years. Read More

Polymers (Basel) 2018 Jul 5;10(7). Epub 2018 Jul 5.

Department of Fiber Science and Apparel Design, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.

A novel breathable piezoelectric membrane has been developed by growing zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods on the surface of electrospun poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) nanofibers using a low-temperature hydrothermal method. Significant improvement in the piezoelectric response of the PVDF membrane was achieved without compromising breathability and flexibility. PVDF is one of the most frequently used piezoelectric polymers due to its high durability and reasonable piezoelectric coefficient values. Read More

Polymers (Basel) 2018 Jun 25;10(7). Epub 2018 Jun 25.

Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technology (COSMAST), University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.

Since its first isolation in 1934, hyaluronic acid (HA) has been studied across a variety of research areas. This unbranched glycosaminoglycan consisting of repeating disaccharide units of -acetyl-d-glucosamine and d-glucuronic acid is almost ubiquitous in humans and in other vertebrates. HA is involved in many key processes, including cell signaling, wound reparation, tissue regeneration, morphogenesis, matrix organization and pathobiology, and has unique physico-chemical properties, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, mucoadhesivity, hygroscopicity and viscoelasticity. Read More

Polymers (Basel) 2019 Feb 19;11(2). Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Centre of Polymer Systems, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Tr. T. Bati 5678, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic.

Today, the application of polyaniline in biomedicine is widely discussed. However, information about impurities released from polyaniline and about the cytotoxicity of its precursors aniline, aniline hydrochloride, and ammonium persulfate are scarce. Therefore, cytotoxicity thresholds for the individual precursors and their combinations were determined (MTT assay) and the type of cell death caused by exposition to the precursors was identified using flow-cytometry. Read More

Polymers (Basel) 2019 Feb 4;11(2). Epub 2019 Feb 4.

Institute of Life Sciences and Resources & Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, South Korea.

Here, we report a facile and effective one-pot approach to prepare uniform amylose-based polymeric microparticles (PMPs) through enzymatic synthesis of short-chain amylose (SCA) followed by spontaneous self-assembly of the SCA in the presence of lecithin. The effect of lecithin on nucleation and growth kinetics of amylose microparticles was investigated by monitoring the turbidity of reaction solution and the size of particles over the course of the self-assembly process. The results suggest that lecithin played a critical role in controlling the self-assembly kinetics to form uniform amylose microparticles through steric stabilization of the growing particles and diffusion-limited growth effect. Read More

Contact Dermatitis 2019 Apr 7. Epub 2019 Apr 7.

Division of Cosmetics, Office of Cosmetics and Colors, Maryland.

Background: Over 4000 small chemicals have been identified as allergens capable of inducing skin sensitization. Many sensitizers are hypothesized to act as haptens producing novel antigens which can be presented to T-cells by human leukocyte antigens (HLA). Recent studies suggest that some chemical allergens use hapten-independent mechanisms. Read More

J Microbiol Biotechnol 2019 Mar 28. Epub 2019 Mar 28.

Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Republic of Korea.

β-Glucosylglycerol (β-GG) and their derivatives have potential applications in food, cosmetics and the healthcare industry, including antitumor medications. In this study, β-GG and its unnatural glycosides were synthesized through the transglycosylation of two enzymes, Sulfolobus shibatae β-glycosidase (SSG) and Deinococcus geothermalis amylosucrase (DGAS). SSG catalyzed a transglycosylation reaction with glycerol as an acceptor and cellobiose as a donor to produce 56% of β-GGs [β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→1/3)-D-glycerol and β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-D-glycerol]. Read More

Toxicol In Vitro 2019 Apr 4;59:44-50. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium.

Repeated dose toxicity evaluation aims at assessing the occurrence of adverse effects following chronic or repeated exposure to chemicals. Non-animal approaches have gained importance in the last decades because of ethical considerations as well as due to scientific reasons calling for more human-based strategies. A critical aspect of this challenge is linked to the capacity to cover a comprehensive set of interdependent mechanisms of action, link them to adverse effects and interpret their probability to be triggered in the light of the exposure at the (sub)cellular level. Read More

Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019 Apr 2. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Gachon University School of Medicine, Gil Medical Center. Electronic address:

Although skin depression after parotidectomy affects the patient's satisfaction with cosmesis we know of little research about it, so we attempted to alleviate it by inserting human acellular dermal matrix (hADM) after the operation. We made a retrospective analysis of the casenotes of 63 patients who were diagnosed with parotid tumours and were operated on between January 2015 and December 2016. Factors that affect satisfaction with cosmesis, including the use of hADM, sex, age, incision, size of tumour, sample size, complications, and the name of the surgeon were recorded and evaluated on a scale from 1 (most unsatisfactory) to 10 (very satisfactory), and the satisfaction according to each factor was compared. Read More

J Environ Sci (China) 2019 Jun 29;80:208-217. Epub 2018 Dec 29.

CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Material Research and Development, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.

The heterogeneous photo-Fenton reaction is an effective technique in combating organic contaminants for both soil and water remediation, and extensive studies have focused on enhancing its efficiency and reducing its costs. In this work, we developed novel photo-Fenton catalysts by simply milling commercially available TiO (P25) with Schwertmannite (Sh), a natural iron-oxyhydroxysulfate nanomineral. We expect that the photo-generated electrons from TiO could continuously migrate to Sh, which then could enhance the separation of electron-hole pairs on TiO and accelerate the reduction of Fe(III) to Fe(II) on Sh, leading to high degradation efficiency of the target organic contaminants. Read More

J Cosmet Dermatol 2019 Apr 4. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.

Introduction: Cosmetics and personal care products are ubiquitous. Consumer pressure arising from recent episodes of products found to be unsafe has led to new policy proposals to modernize cosmetics regulation in the United States.

Methods: We reviewed contemporary cosmetics regulation and collected major past and current policy proposals relating to cosmetics regulation with a focus on public health controversies. Read More

Sci Total Environ 2019 Mar 25;671:897-904. Epub 2019 Mar 25.

Environmental Health Services, British Columbia Centre for Disease Control (BCCDC), Vancouver, BC, Canada.

Background: Triclosan is an antibacterial added to consumer products including toothpastes, cosmetics, and plastic cutting boards. Known to disrupt reproductive and hormonal functioning in animals, epidemiological studies indicate that exposure to triclosan may have similar effects on human health.

Methods: 100 women aged 19 to 45 years born in India or China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan new to the Vancouver (Canada) area were recruited in 2015-2016 by word of mouth, public advertisements, and contacts in health and cultural organizations. Read More

Toxicol In Vitro 2019 Apr 1;59:1-11. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Center for Health Protection, Bilthoven, Netherlands.

At a joint workshop organized by RIVM and BfR, international experts from governmental institutes, regulatory agencies, industry, academia and animal welfare organizations discussed and provided recommendations for the development, validation and implementation of innovative 3R approaches in regulatory toxicology. In particular, an evolutionary improvement of our current approach of test method validation in the context of defined approaches or integrated testing strategies was discussed together with a revolutionary approach based on a comprehensive description of the physiological responses of the human body to chemical exposure and the subsequent definition of relevant and predictive in vitro, in chemico or in silico methods. A more comprehensive evaluation of biological relevance, scientific validity and regulatory purpose of new test methods and assessment strategies together with case studies that provide practical experience with new approaches were discussed as essential steps to build up the necessary confidence to facilitate regulatory acceptance. Read More

IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control 2019 Apr 1. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

Goal: The Sonophoresis, which utilizes ultrasound for transdermal drug delivery (TDD), can improve the efficiency of drug delivery for a variety of drugs predominantly due to caviation effect. In order to increase the efficacy of sonophoresis, we propose an alternative cavitation seed specialized for sonophoresis, which can be concentrated on the skin surface by gravity adapting perfluorohexane as core.

Methods: An in vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to assess the effect of the specialized cavitation seed. Read More

Australas J Dermatol 2019 Apr 2. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

School of Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Peptides stimulating synthesis of extracellular matrix are now commonly used in the production of anti-ageing cosmetics. However, much uncertainty still exists about the methodology of their clinical assessment. The aim of the study was to review the literature for clinical study designs assessing the efficacy of these peptides. Read More

Dermatology 2019 Apr 2:1-6. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,

Background: Due to the importance of function and cosmetics, periocular skin malignancies represent a therapeutic challenge.

Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of radiotherapy (RT) treating periocular skin tumors.

Methods: Data of patients with periocular tumors treated with grenz or soft X-rays at the University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland, between 2009 and 2014 were reviewed. Read More

J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2019 Apr 2:e22335. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER-R), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.

The nanobiomaterials display unique and distinguished usefulness in day-to-day life. The application of nanobiomaterials is being utilized in several segments, including semiconductor industries, cosmetics, and medicines. Alongside their usefulness these nanobiomaterials have potential toxicity which may limit it's further use. Read More